SEMINAR TOPIC RAJAN KUMAR. 8 th SEM(ENTC-A) REGD. 03/27/09 1

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1 SEMINAR TOPIC PRESENTED BY: RAJAN KUMAR SEM(ENTC-A) 8 th REGD. 03/27/09 1

2 OUTLINE INTRODUCTION WHAT IS VOIP? HISTORY PSTN Vs. VOIP MODES OF OPERATION OF VOIP BASIC PRINCIPLES OF VOIP HOW VOIP WORKS? ADVANTAGES 03/27/09 2

3 INTRODUCTION ØThe traditional method used for transmitting voice is PSTN. ØNow more and more communication is done in digital format and transported via data networks such as internet. ØAs data traffic is much faster than telephone traffic, so we prefer to send voice over data networks. 03/27/09 3

4 WHAT IS VOIP? ØVoice Over Internet protocol (VoIP) is a protocol used for the transmission of voice and fax phone calls through the Internet or other packet-switched networks. ØIt is also called IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband, broadband telephony. 03/27/09 4

5 HISTORY OF VOIP The commercial Voipsoftware was introduced in 1995 by Vocaltec. ØDesigned for home PC ØUses H.323 Protocol 03/27/09 5

6 PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK POTS (Analog Telephony) It stands for Plain Old Telephone Service. ØDedicated link between partners ØReserved bandwidth ISDN (Digital Telephony) It stands for Integrated Services Digital Network. ØOn each link a channel is 03/27/09 6

7 Analog Telephony Digital Telephony 03/27/09 7

8 PSTN vs. INTERNET INTERNET PSTN Voice networks use Data network use circuit switching. packet switching. Dedicated path No dedicated path between calling and between sender and Called party. receiver. Bandwidth is reserved It acquires and in advance. releases bandwidth, as Cost is based on it is needed. distance and time. Cost is not dependent on time and distance. 03/27/09 8

9 CIRCUIT SWITCHING PACKET SWITCHING 03/27/09 9

10 MODES OF OPERATION vpc to PC vpc to Phone vphone to Phone 03/27/09 10

11 03/27/09 11

12 03/27/09 12

13 03/27/09 13

14 VOIP: BASIC TECHNIQUES qaudio Codecs qdata Transport (RTP, RTCP) qaddressing qsignaling (SIP, H.323) 03/27/09 14

15 AUDIO CODECS: vhere analog signal is converted into digital data. Three popular audio codecs :- G.711 G G.729 vimplemented using voice coders: Since voice contains lot of data, it is compressed by Vocoders without compromising the reliability and quality of 03/27/09 15 voice signal.

16 Translation of analog signal to digital signal 03/27/09 16

17 DATA TRANSPORT (RTP, RTCP) RTP It stands for Realtime Transport Protocol. Application layer protocol for transmitting real time data (audio, video,...) Includes payload type identification, sequence numbering, time stamping, 03/27/09 17

18 RTCP It stands for Realtime Transport Control Protocol. Main functions: support for multi-point communication Periodic transmission of control packets to all participants in the session. 03/27/09 18

19 ADDRESSING Here phone no. is converted to an IP address. Simple format addresing: <user phone hostname IP address> 03/27/09 19

20 SIGNALING Signaling in VOIP is needed for : ØLocating partners. ØAgreeing on port numbers for RTP / RTCP sessions. Øagreeing on coding / decoding procedures. Types of Signaling Protocols: H.323 SIP 03/27/09 20

21 H.323 Recommendation published by ITU in It is designed to act above transport layer and is mainly used for transmission of voice, data and video conferencing over packet networks. 03/27/09 21

22 SIP SIP stands for Session Initiation Protocol. Developed by IETF since It is an text-based application-layer control protocol for creating, modifying and terminating sessions with one or more participants. Sessions include Internet 03/27/09 22

23 How VoIP Works? 03/27/09 23

24 ADVANTAGES: Cheaper call rates Simplification High efficiency Calling person need not necessary to receive call. Better Voice Quality Using Wideband Codecs Adding new features and applications over time is easy. Integration of voice, data, fax, video is possible. 03/27/09 24

25 03/27/09 25

26 LIMITATIONS qpacket Delay qpacket Loss (no guarantee of delivering packets) qjitter (variable delay) 03/27/09 26

27 APPLICATONS Real time applications: Ø Telephony ( two-way) Ø Radio-TV Broadcast (one-way) Non-real time applications: Ø e_mail OTHERS: Integration of data,voice and fax Video telephony Enhanced teleconferencing Used in Amateur Radio 03/27/09 27

28 COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS 1: VONAGE founded in January 2001 about 130,000 customers 03/27/09 28

29 2: AT&T AT&T is rapidly evolving from a company that handles mostly longdistance voice calls to a company that provides data and voice communications over any distance. 3: INODE 4:TELEKOM AUSTRIA 03/27/09 29

30 CONCLUSION Like everything else, as the technology changes so at first only a few companies like Cisco and Lucent offered VoIP services, but the large telecommunications carriers such as AT&T and Sprint -- are catching on. VoIP is predominately used for personal instead of enterprise-wide use. The availability of high-quality audio using wideband codecs, video conferencing, and document sharing enables more effective and pleasant 03/27/09 30

31 ELECTRONICS FOR YOU(VOLUME-37) VoipFundamentals By Jonathan Davidson /27/09 31

32 THANK U 03/27/09 32

33 QUERIES? 03/27/09 33

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