A Multi-Agent-Based Smart Grid Control Approach. ComForEn 2012 Session D: Smart Grid Funktionalitäten

Transcription

1 AUTOMATION & CONTROL INSTITUTE INSTITUT FÜR AUTOMATISIERUNGS- & REGELUNGSTECHNIK A Multi-Agent-Based Smart Grid Control Approach ComForEn 2012 Session D: Smart Grid Funktionalitäten Alexander Prostejovsky and Munir Merdan, ACIN, TU Wien {prostejovsky,merdan}@acin.tuwien.ac.at Thomas Strasser and Filip Andrén, Electric Energy Systems, AIT {thomas.strasser,filip.andren}@ait.ac.at Wels, Austria, 5 September 2012

2 Agenda Motivation Solution Proposed approach and architecture Test cases Summary Acknowledgements 2

3 Motivation Future electric distribution grids (Smart Grids) require sophisticated control methods Capacities of current grids are limited The challenge is to develop a grid control that enables the systematic integration of different functionalities, is able to automatically reconfigure the topology, provides monitoring and diagnostics abilities, provides enhanced management services, and integrates seamlessly into existing systems. 3

4 Solution Development of a distributed Multi-Agent System architecture Multi-Agent System (MAS): a population of cooperating autonomous software units working towards a system goal, while simultaneously accomplishing their individual aims Advantages of MAS: Scalability and extendibility Autonomous operation of individual agents Project goals: Improved voltage quality by voltage band management Local and global reconfiguration and optimisation Connection to SCADA for activity surveillance by human operators Support of IEC data model and ontology concepts MASGrid aims towards realisation of these requirements 4

5 System architecture Power system control is split into two layers The Management Layer contains the System Agent and the Data Agent Global tasks Interface to SCADA systems The Execution Layer consists of Automation Agents Used for interfacing energy equipment Bus Agent carries out management functions Management Layer Execution Layer System Agent Hydro Power Generation AGENDA AA Automation Agent Control Analysis Monitoring Information Flow SCADA AA Substation AA Load Operator Communication Infrastructure AA Substation Data Agent AA Substation 5

6 Automation Agent architecture Generic Automation Agent architecture: The High-Level Control (HLC) incorporates an ontology-based world model for reasoning and communication Low-Level Control (LLC) is located at the physical device OPC UA inter-layer and HLC-LLC communication enables IEC compliance IEC and IEC for interfacing LLC and hardware 6

7 Test case example #1 Topology reconfiguration of MV (LV) distribution grids in urban areas Meshed electric distribution grid (e.g. Vienna distribution grid) HV/MV Network HV/MV Network MV/LV Substation MV/LV Substation ~ Distributed Energy Resource DER (e.g. PV, wind, etc) Breaker/Switches ~ Stationary Loads (e.g. Buildings, etc.) Feeder Moveable Loads (e.g. Electro- Vehicles, etc.) 7

8 Test case example #1 Top. reconfiguration of MV (LV) distribution grids in urban areas High penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Distribution grid becomes more complex Transition from manual to automatic grid management Self-diagnostics Topology reconfiguration Self-optimization Integration of Electric Vehicles (EV) Analysis of different control strategies for G2V and V2G applications 8

9 Test case example #2 Islanding test case Derived from the previous example Line fault separates grid into two parts Demonstrates autonomous service-restoration abilities Bus Island 1" (microgrid) 9

10 Test case example #2 Islanding test case Line fault occuring at t=2s Fault resolved at t=7s 10

11 Future test cases Examples for network topology configurations in the AIT SimTech Laboratory SimTech Topology Configuration 1 SimTech Topology Configuration 2 SimTech Topology Configuration 3 SimTech Topology Configuration 4 SimTech Topology Configuration 5 SimTech Topology Configuration 6 11

12 Summary Flexibility of control Autonomous Scalable, expandable and reconfigurable system Modularity and reusability of hardware and software Self-monitoring Integration into existing systems SCADA support OPC UA as the base towards IEC compliance Simulation-driven development using hardware-in-the-loop testing equipment 12

13 Acknowledgements Automation and Control Institute (ACIN), TU Wien Univ.-Prof. Dr.sc.techn. Georg Schitter Dr. Munir Merdan DI Ingo Hegny DI Wilfried Lepuschitz Electric Energy Systems, AIT Dr. Thomas Strasser DI Filip Andrén This work is supported by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) project MASGrid (832037) under the Research Studios Austria programme Coordinator: ACIN, TU Wien Partner: Electric Energy Systems, AIT Supporters: here could be your name! 13

14 Questions? 14

15 Herzlichen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit! 15