An Oracle White Paper June Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems from Oracle

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1 An Oracle White Paper June 2010 Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems from Oracle

2 Executive Overview... 1! An Open Systems Approach to Modular Architecture... 3! The Promise of Blade Architecture... 3! Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems from Oracle... 4! Open and Modular System Architecture... 6! Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems Overview... 10! Chassis Front Perspectives... 11! Chassis Rear Perspective... 12! Passive Midplane... 14! Server Modules Based on Sun SPARC and Intel Xeon Processors15! A Choice of Operating Systems... 18! Server Module Architecture... 22! Server Modules Powered by Sun UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus Processors... 22! Server Modules Powered by Intel Xeon Processors... 31! I/O Expansion, Networking, Storage, and Management... 37! PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs)... 38! Network Express Modules (NEMs)... 39! In-Chassis Storage and Storage Expansion... 46! Transparent and Open Chassis and System Management... 51! Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center... 53! Conclusion... 54!

3 Executive Overview Growth in devices connected to the network is driving new demands that are focused squarely on the capabilities of the datacenter. Web services and rapidly escalating Internet use are driving competitive organizations to lead with innovative new services and scalable, dynamic infrastructure. Agility is paramount for applications as well as underlying Oracle database performance, and organizations must be able to respond quickly to unpredictable needs for capacity adding compute power or growing services on demand. At the same time, most datacenters are rapidly running out of space, power, and cooling while energy costs continue to rise. Rapid growth must be met with consolidated infrastructure, controlled and predictable costs, and efficient management practices. Simply adding more low-density powerconsumptive servers only exacerbates the problem. Blade server architecture offers considerable promise toward addressing these issues through increased compute density, improved serviceability, and reduced levels of complexity. Unfortunately, most legacy blade platforms don't provide the necessary flexibility required by applications such as Oracle E- business Suite, Oracle Fusion Middleware, and the Oracle database itself. Complicating matters, many legacy blade server platforms lock customers into a proprietary and vendor-specific infrastructure that often requires redesign of existing network, management, and storage environments. These legacy chassis designs also often artificially constrain expansion capabilities. As a result, traditional blade architectures have been largely restricted to low-end Web and IT services. Responding to these challenges, Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems from Oracle provide open modular architectures that deliver on the promises of blades without compromising features or functions. Optimized for performance, 1

4 efficiency, and density, these solutions take an open systems approach, employing the latest processors, operating systems, industry-standard PCIe I/O modules, expandable storage, transparent networking, and consolidated management. With a choice of server modules based on the latest Sun SPARC and Intel Xeon processors, organizations can select the platforms that best match their applications or existing infrastructure, without worrying about vendor lock-in. The Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems present a comprehensive multitier blade portfolio that lets organizations deploy the broadest range of applications on the most ideal platforms. Oracle blades are optimized to run Oracle Enterprise Linux, Oracle Solaris and Oracle VM. They are also certified to run Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SuSE Linux Enterprise Server, Windows Server and VMware. The result is a modular architectured IT infrastructure solution that serves the needs of the datacenter and the goals of the business while protecting existing investments into the future. This document describes the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems along with their key applications, architecture, and components. 2

5 An Open Systems Approach to Modular Architecture Organizations operating traditional IT infrastructure, business processing, and back office applications are always looking for ways to cut costs and safely consolidate infrastructure. For many, large numbers of older and less efficient systems constrain the ability to grow and adapt, both physically and computationally. Oracle E-business Suite, Oracle Fusion Middleware, and the Oracle database all demand computational performance, density, and dramatic scalability. Enterprise environments too need dense and capable platforms as they grapple with growing needs for consolidation through virtualization for systems ranging from databases to common applications such as print and mail servers. With most datacenters constrained by space, heat, or power, the challenge of scaling within fixed physical, thermal, and electrical boundaries is now very real. Successful solutions must be efficient, cost effective, and reliable with investment protection factored into fundamental design considerations. Fortunately, new technology is yielding opportunities for increased efficiency and flexibility in the datacenter. Multicore processor technologies are doubling compute density every other year. Virtualization technologies and more powerful servers are making it possible to consolidate widely distributed datacenters using smaller numbers of more powerful servers. Standard high-bandwidth networking and interconnect technologies are becoming more affordable. Modern provisioning technology makes it possible to dynamically readjust workloads on the fly. Regrettably, most current server form factors have failed to take full advantage of these trends. For instance, most traditional rackmount servers require a box swap in order to allow an organization to deploy new CPU and I/O technologies. Modular architecture offers the opportunity to rapidly harvest the returns of new technology advances, while serving the constantly evolving needs of the enterprise. The Promise of Blade Architecture At its best, modular or blade server architecture blends the enterprise availability and management features of vertically-scalable platforms with the scalability and economic advantages of horizontallyscalable systems. In general, modular architectures offer considerable promise, and can contribute to: Higher compute density providing more processing power per rack unit (RU) than with rackmount systems Increased serviceability, availability and power efficiency featuring shared common system components such as power, cooling, and I/O interconnects Reduced complexity through fewer required components, cable and component aggregation, and consolidated management Faster service expansion and bulk deployment letting organizations expand or scale existing services and flexibly pre-provision chassis and I/O components Lowered costs since modular servers can be less expensive to acquire, easier to service, easier to manage, are faster to deploy and more power efficient 3

6 While some organizations adopted first-generation blade technology for Web servers or simple IT infrastructure, many legacy blade platforms have not been able to deliver results for a broader set of applications. Part of the problem is that most legacy blade systems are based on proprietary mechanical and electrical architectures that lock adopters into an extensive infrastructure that constrains deployment. In addition, though vendors typically try to price server modules economically, they often charge a premium for required proprietary I/O and switching infrastructure. Availability of suitable computational platforms has also been problematic. Together, these constraints caused compromises in terms of features, functionality, and performance that had to be weighed when considering blade technology for individual applications: Power and cooling limitations often meant that processor choices were limited to less powerful versions. Limited processing power, memory capacity, and I/O bandwidth severely constrained the applications that could be deployed on blade server platforms. Proprietary tie-ins and other constraints in chassis design dictated networking topology, and limited I/O expansion possibilities to a small number of proprietary modules. These compromises in chassis design were largely the result of a primary focus on density with smaller chassis requiring reduced-footprint form factors. Ultimately these designs limited the broad application of blade technology. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems from Oracle To address the compromises of earlier blade platforms, Oracle started with a design point focused on the needs of the datacenter, rather than with preconceptions of chassis design. With this innovative and truly modular approach and a no-compromise feature set, the Sun Blade family of modular systems offers considerable advantages for a wide range of applications. Organizations gain the promised benefits of blades, and can save more by deploying a broader range of their applications on modular system platforms. Scalable, Expandable, and Serviceable Multitier Architecture. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems let organizations deploy multitier applications on a single unified modular architecture. These systems support both of Oracle s volume CPU architectures, Intel Xeon and UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus processors with Oracle Solaris CoolThreads technology. The Oracle Enterprise Linux and Oracle Solaris operating systems are supported uniformly on all x86 platforms (Oracle Solaris only on SPARC platforms). X86 platforms are also certified to run Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SuSE Linux Enterprise Server and Windows Server. By offering the latest Intel and UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus processors, large memory capacity, high I/O bandwidth, and integral storage, these systems support a very broad range of applications. In addition, the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems achieve better power efficiency than rackmount servers by consolidating power and cooling infrastructure for multiple systems into highly-efficient modular system chassis. The result is a high-performance IT infrastructure that packs more capacity and functionality into a smaller package in terms of both real estate as well as power envelope. 4

7 With innovative chassis design, Sun Blade Modular Systems allow organizations to take full advantage of future technology without forklift upgrades. All major components are hot pluggable and hot swappable, including I/O modules. Compute, I/O, storage, power, cooling, and management modules can all be independently serviced, upgraded, and expanded. Sun Blade Transparent Management. Many blade vendors provide management solutions that lock organizations into proprietary management tools. With the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems, customers have the choice of using their existing management tools or Sun Blade Transparent Management. Sun Blade Transparent Management is a standards-based, cross-platform tool that provides direct management over individual server modules and direct management of chassis-level modules using Oracle Integrated Lights Out Management (ILOM). With direct management access to server modules, existing or favorite management tools from Oracle or third parties can be used. This approach retains administrative staff productivity, with no additional training or changes in management practices. Open and Independent Industry-Standard I/O. The Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide a cable-once architecture with complete hardware isolation of compute and I/O modules. Sun also supports true industry standard I/O on its modular system platforms. Sun Blade Modular Systems utilize standard PCI Express I/O architecture and adapters the same technology that dominates the rackmount server industry allowing organizations to pick and choose I/O options on a perblade basis rather than being forced into only chassis-wide options. I/O adapters from multiple vendors are available to work with Sun Blade Modular Systems. A truly modular design based on industry-standard, hot-pluggable I/O means that systems are easier to install, upgrade, and service providing simpler administration, higher reliability and up-time opportunities, and better compatibility with existing network and storage environments. For instance, replacing an I/O module in a Sun Blade Modular System can be performed in as few as 30 seconds, and with no downtime. Standard and Expandable Storage Options. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems include a range of flexible and expandable storage options. Many server modules contain hot-pluggable and hotswappable hard disk drives (HDDs). Enterprise flash technology in the form of solid state drives (SSDs) can also be employed instead of HDDs. Other server modules feature CompactFlash and USB slots to facilitate additional storage requirements. The Sun Blade Storage Module M2 provides considerable storage expansion and flexibility beyond the individual server modules. Highly-Efficient Cooling. Traditional blade platforms have a reputation for being hot and unreliable a reputation earned by systems with insufficient cooling and chassis airflow. Not only do higher temperatures negatively impact electronic reliability, but hot and inefficient systems require more datacenter cooling infrastructure, with its associated footprint and power draw. In response, the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide optimized cooling and airflow that can lead to reliable system operation and efficient datacenter cooling. In fact, Sun Blade Modular Systems deliver the same cooling and airflow capacity of Sun s rackmount systems for both SPARC and x86 server modules resulting in reliable system operation and less required cooling infrastructure while accommodating the high performance processors and memory found in equivalent rack mount servers. 5

8 Open and Modular System Architecture The Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide a new approach to modular system architecture. This approach combines careful long-term chassis design with open and standard systems architecture. Innovative Industry-Standard Design Providing choice in modular system platforms is essential, both to help enable the broadest set of applications, and to provide the best investment protection for a range of different organizations and their requirements. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems offer choice and key innovations for modular computing. A Choice of Processor Architectures and Operating Systems Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems support a range of full performance and full-featured Sun Blade 6000 Server Modules. The Sun Blade T6320 Server Module offers support for the massively-threaded UltraSPARC T2 processor with four, six, or eight cores, up to 64 threads, and 16 DIMM slots for scalable memory requirements. The Sun Blade T6340 Server Module offers incredible density with support for two UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors with either six or eight cores, up to 128 threads, and 32 DIMM slots for massive memory scalability. The Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module provides two sockets for quad-core or six-core Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs, with 18 DIMM slots for memory intensive workloads. The Sun Blade X6275 Server Module provides two compute nodes on a single server module, with each node featuring two sockets for quad-core Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series CPUs, and 12 DIMMs. (four CPU sockets and 24 DIMMs per server module). Each server module provides significant I/O capacity as well, with considerable bandwidth delivered from server modules to the multiple available I/O expansion modules (a total of up to 282 Gb/sec per supported server module). To enhance availability, server modules have no power supply or fans but rely on redundant, larger and efficient chassis level power and cooling subsystems. Organizations can deploy individual server modules with their own processor, I/O, and operating system configurations that best serve the requirements of their applications or workloads. Different server modules can be mixed and matched in a single chassis, and deployed and redeployed as needs dictate. 6

9 Complete Separation Between CPU, I/O, and Storage Modules Sun Blade 6000 Modular System design avoids compromises because it provides a complete separation between server modules and I/O modules. Two types of I/O modules are supported. Up to two industry-standard PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs) can be dedicated to each individual server module. Up to two Network Express Modules (NEMs) provide bulk or consolidated I/O for all of the server modules installed in the system. Sun Blade Storage Module M2 provides zone-able storage which can be flexibly allocated amongst the compute blades in a chassis when connected via appropriate NEMs to expand storage capacity beyond the server module. Through this flexible approach, each server module can be configured with different I/O options depending on the applications hosted. I/O modules are hot-plug and hot-swap capable, and organizations can choose from Sun-branded or third-party adapters for networking, storage, clustering, and other I/O functions. Transparent Chassis Management Infrastructure Within the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems, a Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) works in conjunction with the service processor on each server module to form a complete and transparent management solution. Each server module contains its own directly addressable management service processor that is also accessible through the CMM. Each server module incorporates an Oracle Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM), providing support for IPMI, SNMP, CLI (through serial console or SSH), and HTTP(S) management methods. In addition, Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center provides discovery, aggregated management, and bulk deployment for multiple systems. Innovative and Highly-Reliable Chassis Design for Different Needs Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems are intended for a long life, with a design that assumes ongoing improvements in technology. The chassis integrates AC power supplies and cooling fans for all of the server and I/O modules. This approach keeps these components off of the server modules, making them more efficient and more reliable. Power supplies and fan modules in the chassis are designed for ease-of-service, hot-swappability, and redundancy. The chassis provides power and cooling infrastructure to support current and future CPU, memory, and I/O configurations, helping to ensure that the chassis lifecycle will span generations of upgrades. All modular components such as the CMM, server modules, EMs, and NEMs are hot-plug capable. In addition, I/O paths can be configured in a redundant fashion. The Sun Blade 6000 Chassis Organizations need a modular chassis that allow them to deploy exactly the amount of processing and kinds of I/O that they require, while scaling effectively to meet their needs. The Sun Blade 6000 Modular System is provided in a compact rackmount chassis that occupies 10 rack units (10 RU). Each Sun Blade 6000 chassis can house up to 10 server modules, providing support for up to 40 server 7

10 modules per (42 RU) rack while still providing some space for additional infrastructure such as network aggregation switches such as the Sun Network 10GbE Switch 72p, a 72 port 10gigabit network switch capable of easily aggregating up to 4 racks full of blades together in a dense efficient network. A Choice of Intel Xeon and Sun SPARC Processors Legacy blade platforms were often restrictive in the processor architectures they supported, limiting innovation for modular systems and forcing difficult architectural choices for adopters. In contrast, Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems offer a choice of server modules based on Intel Xeon or UltraSPARC T2, or T2 Plus processors. In addition, Sun Blade 6000 family server modules provide large memory capacities, while the individual chassis provide significant power and cooling capacity. The available Sun Blade 6000 family server modules are described below. Sun Blade T6320, and T6340 Server Modules Based on the Industry s first massively threaded system on a chip (SoC), the UltraSPARC T2 processor-based Sun Blade T6320 Server Module brings next generation chip multithreading (CMT) to a modular system platform. Building on the strengths of its predecessor, the UltraSPARC T2 processor offers support for eight threads per core, and integrates memory control, caches, networking, I/O, and cryptography on the processor die. Four-, six-, and eight-core UltraSPARC T2 processors are supported, yielding up to 64 threads. Like Sun s rackmount Sun SPARC Enterprise T5120 and T5220 servers, the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module provides significant memory bandwidth with support for 667 MHz Fully-Buffered DIMMs (FB-DIMMs). Up to 16 FB-DIMMs can be installed. Individual Sun Blade T6320 Server Modules can provide industry-leading performance as measured by the Space, Watts, and Performance (SWaP) metric. Similar to Sun SPARC Enterprise T5140 and T5240 servers, the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module is among the most eco-friendly servers available delivering world-class Web and transaction performance in a highly-efficient form. Each server module features two high-performance six-core or eight-core UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors with Oracle Solaris CoolThreads technology. In combination, these processors can execute up to 128 processing threads to dramatically increase throughput while reducing energy consumption. Up to 32 FB-DIMMs can be installed in the T6340. Sun Blade X6270 M2 and X6275 Server Modules Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Modules are ideal for virtualized business applications and enterprise collaboration workloads that require a high-performance x86 server module. Each Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module features two sockets for four or six core Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series (Westmere-EP) CPUs. The processor sockets connect to an Intel 5520 chipset using the Intel QuickPath Architecture. Up 18 DDR3 DIMMs are supported. The Sun Blade X6275 Server Module provides new levels of density by featuring two compute nodes on a single server module form factor. Ideal for environments where high-performance and computational density are paramount, each of the two nodes on each server module offers two sockets for Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series CPUs, and 12 DDR3 DIMM slots. Each node is provided with a 8

11 connection to a Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) port on a NEM and I/O expansion is available via a PCIe ExpressModule. Modular and Future-Proof Chassis Design Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide significant improvements over legacy blade platforms. Sun s focus on the needs of the datacenter have resulted in chassis designs that don t force compromises in the performance and capabilities delivered by the server modules. For example, in addition to offering a choice of server modules that support the latest volume processors, these systems deliver 100% of system I/O to the I/O modules through a passive midplane. The Sun Blade 6000 Chassis is shown in Figure 1. The Sun Blade 6000 modular system is provided in a 10 rack unit (10U) chassis with up to four chassis supported in a single 42U rack. Figure 1. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems support Sun Blade 6000 Server Modules. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems support flexible configurations, and are built from a range of standard hot-plug, hot-swap modules, including: Sun Blade T6320, T6340, X6270 M2, or X6275 Server Modules, in any combination Blade-dedicated PCI Express ExpressModules (EM), supporting industry-standard PCI Express interfaces Network Express Modules (NEMs), providing access and an aggregated interface to all of the server modules in the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis Sun Blade Storage Module M2 that expands storage capacity beyond individual server modules Integral Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) for transparent management access to server modules Hot-swap (N+N) power supply modules and hot-swap redundant (N+1) cooling fans With common system components and a choice of chassis, organizations can scale capacity with either fine or coarse granularity, as their needs dictate. Table 1 lists the capacities of the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems. Maximum numbers of sockets, cores, and threads are listed for Intel Xeon, UltraSPARC T2 and T2 Plus processors. 9

12 TABLE 1. SUN BLADE 6000 MODULAR SYSTEM CAPACITIES CATEGORY SUN BLADE 6000 MODULAR SYSTEM Sun Blade 6000 Server Modules 10 Maximum compute nodes per chassis Up to 20 a PCI Express ExpressModules 20 Network Express Modules Up to 2 Chassis monitoring modules (CMM) 1 Hot-swap power supplies (N+N) 2, 5600 Watt Redundant cooling fans (N+1) 6 Maximum Intel Xeon sockets/cores/threads 40 a /160 a /320 a Maximum UltraSPARC T2 sockets/cores/threads 10/80/640 Maximum UltraSPARC T2 Plus sockets/cores/threads 20/160/1280 a Sun Blade X6275 Server Module Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems Overview Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems bring significant advancements to deploying modular systems across the organization. The Sun Blade 6000 Modular System is ideal for delivering maximum entry-level price/performance with superior features as compared to traditional rackmount servers. Supporting a choice of x86 or SPARC platforms, Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems are ideal for a variety of applications and markets (Figure 2). Figure 2. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems can delver extremely dense datacenter configurations. 10

13 Chassis Front Perspectives The Sun Blade 6000 Chassis houses the server modules and I/O modules, connecting the two through a passive midplane. Redundant and hot-swappable power supplies and fan modules are also hosted in the chassis. All slots are externally accessible from either the front or the rear of the chassis for easy upgrade or servicing. Server modules, I/O modules, power supplies, and fan modules can all be added and removed while the chassis and other elements in the enclosure are powered on. This capability yields great real-time expansion opportunity and provides considerable flexibility. The front perspective of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis is shown in Figure 3, with components described in the sections that follow.!"#$%&'((')*+,-.- /"&+0,12((*3,4"52*+% 67#8,9:#+;0'*,<':% 12:,=*'5+,>??? 1+0@+0,4"52*+% Figure 3. The Sun Blade 6000 Chassis is shown from the front perspective. Operator Panel An operator panel is located at the top of the chassis, providing status on the overall condition of the system. Indicators show if the chassis is on standby or operational mode, and if an over-temperature condition is occurring. A push-button indicator acts as a locator button for the chassis in case there is a need to remotely identify a chassis within a rack, or in a crowded datacenter. If any of the components in the chassis should present a problem or a failure, the operator panel reflects that issue as well. Power Supply Modules and Front Fan Modules Two power supply modules load from the front of the chassis. Each module contains two power supply cores enclosed within a single unit, each module requires a corresponding number of power inlets. Power supply modules are hot-swap capable and contain a replaceable fan module that helps cool both the power supplies as well as the PCI Express ExpressModules in the rear of the enclosure. In case of a power supply failure, the integral fan modules will continue to function because they are energized directly from the chassis power grid, independently from the power supply modules that contain them. The power supply modules provide the total power required by the chassis. The power supply modules can be configured redundantly in an N+N configuration, with a single power supply module able to power the entire chassis at full load. In order to provide N+N redundancy, all four power cords must be energized. If both power supply modules are energized, all of the systems in the chassis are 11

14 protected from power supply failure. A power supply module can fail or be disconnected without affecting the server modules and components running inside the chassis. To further enhance this protection, power grid redundancy for all of the systems and components in the chassis can be easily achieved by connecting each of the two power supply modules to different power grids within the datacenter. Sun Blade 6000 power supply modules have a high 90% efficiency rating and an output voltage of 12 V DC. The high efficiency rating indicates that there are fewer power losses within the power supply itself, therefore wasting less power in the energy conversion stage from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Also, by feeding 12V DC directly to the midplane, fewer conversion stages are required in the individual server modules. This strategy yields less power conversion energy waste, and generates less waste heat within the server module, improving overall system efficiency. Provisioned power for rack-mounted configurations depends on the number of chassis deployed per rack. A 42U rack with four installed Sun Blade 6000 Chassis should be provisioned with 24 kilowatts of available power. Depending on the ongoing load of the systems. For a more in-depth analysis of day-to-day power consumption of the system please visit the power calculator located at: Server Modules Up to 10 Sun Blade 6000 family server modules can be inserted vertically beneath the power supply modules in the front of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. Depending on the server module, up to four slots for hard disk drives (HDDs) are provided for easy hot-swap from the front of the chassis. Solid state drives (SSDs) based on innovative enterprise Flash technology can replace individual HDDs, and occupy the same slots. Indicator LEDs and a high density I/O port are also provided on the front of the server modules for easy access. A number of connectors are provided through the high density front panel port of each server module, these ports are broken out using an available server module adaptor dongle cable. Depending on the server module, available ports include a VGA HD-15 monitor port, two USB 2.0 ports, and a DB-9 or RJ-45 serial port that connects to the server module and integral service processors. Chassis Rear Perspective The rear of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis (Figure 4) provides access to the back side of the passive midplane for I/O modules. Slots for PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs) and Network Express Modules (NEMs) are provided. I/O modules are all hot-swap capable and provide I/O capabilities to server modules. 12

15 678$9:1;&// 9:1;&//5-'(3&/!&+0-;>$9:1;&//$5-'(3&/ 63(</=7-;'/!"#$%&'()'*)+ *)'$,-+./0*11*23& 4*)$5-'(3&/ Figure 4. The Sun Blade 6000 Chassis is shown from the rear perspective. PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs) Twenty hot-plug and hot-swap capable PCI Express ExpressModule slots are accessible at the rear top of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. EMs offer a variety of choices for communications including SAS, Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel, Ethernet/Fibre Channel combined and InfiniBand interconnects. Different EMs can be selected for every server module in order to provide each with the right type of fabric connectivity with a high degree of granularity. Two PCI Express ExpressModule slots are directly available to each server module through the passive midplane. Slots 0 and 1 from right to left are connected to server module 0, slots 2 and 3 are connected to server module 1, continuing across the rear of the chassis. Network Express Modules (NEMs) Space is provided for up to two Network Express Modules (NEMs) in the rear of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. NEMs provide the same I/O capabilities across all of the server modules installed in the chassis, simplifying connectivity and also usually offering a low-cost I/O solution since they provide I/O to all of the server modules. All the server modules are directly connected to each of the configured NEMs via high-speed point-to-point connections across the passive chassis midplane. More details on available NEMs are provided later in this document. Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) A Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) is located to the left of the Network Express Module slots on the rear left-hand side of the Sun Blade 6000 chassis providing remote monitoring capability and a central access point to the chassis. The CMM includes an integrated network switch that gives LAN access to the CMM's Ethernet ports and to the individual server module management ports. Individual server module management is completely transparent and independent from the CMM. Power Supply Inlets Four power supply inlets (plugs) are available from the rear of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis corresponding to the number of power supply cores in the two front-loaded power supply modules. 13

16 Integral cable holders prevent accidental loss of power from inadvertent cable removal. Each of the cables require a 220V, 20A circuit, and a minimum of two circuits are required to power each chassis. For full N+N redundancy, four circuits are required. Fans and Airflow Chassis airflow is entirely front-to-back, and is powered by rear fan modules, and by the front fan modules mounted in the power supply modules. All rear fan modules are hot-swap and N+1 redundant, with six fan modules provided for each Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. Each rear fan module is comprised of two redundant in-line fans. The front fan modules pull air in from the front of the chassis and blow it across the power supplies and out through the EM and NEM spaces. The rear fan modules pull air from the front of the chassis and out through the rear. When all of the fans in the chassis are running at full speed, the chassis can provide up to 1,000 cubic feet per minute (CFM) of airflow through the chassis. Passive Midplane In essence, the passive midplane in the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis is a collection of wires and connectors between different modules in the chassis (Figure 5). Since there are no active components, the reliability of these printed circuit boards is extremely high in the millions of hours, or hundreds of years. The passive midplane provides electrical connectivity between the server modules and the I/O modules. All modules, front and rear, with the exception of the power supplies and the fan modules connect directly to the passive midplane. The power supplies connect to the midplane through a bus bar and to the AC inputs via a cable harness. The redundant fan modules plug individually into a set of three fan boards, where fan speed control and other chassis-level functions are implemented. The front fan modules that cool the PCI Express ExpressModules each connect to the chassis via blind-mate connections. The main functions of the midplane include: Providing a mechanical connection point for all of the server modules Providing 12 VDC from the power supplies to each customer-replaceable module Providing 3.3 VDC power used to power the System Management Bus devices on each module, and to power the CMM Providing a PCI Express 2.0 interconnect between the PCI Express root complexes on each server module to the EMs and NEMs installed in the chassis Connecting the server modules, CMMs, and NEMs to the chassis management network 14

17 Figure 5. Server modules communicate with PCI Express ExpressModules and Network Express Modules via high-speed point-to-point links across the passive chassis midplane. Each server module is energized through the midplane from the redundant chassis power grid. The midplane also provides connectivity to the I2C network in the chassis, letting each server module directly monitor the chassis environment, including fan and power supply status as well as various temperature sensors. A number of I/O links are also routed through the midplane for each server module. The capabilities and bandwidth of each server module connections typically include: Two midplane x8 PCI Express 2.0 links connect from each server module to each of the dedicated EMs. Two midplane x8 PCI Express 2.0 links connect from each server module, one to each of the NEMs. Two Gigabit Ethernet links are provided, each connecting to one of the NEMs. Four x1 Serial Attached SCSI (SAS2) links are also provided, with two connecting to each NEM slot through the passive midplane. Server Modules Based on Sun SPARC and Intel Xeon Processors The ability to host demanding compute, memory, and I/O-intensive applications is ultimately dependent on the characteristics of the actual server modules. The innovative Sun Blade 6000 Chassis allows designers considerable flexibility in terms of delivering powerful server modules for a broad range of applications. Except for labeling, all server modules feature a physically similar front panel design. This design is intentional since any server module can be used in any slot of the chassis, no matter what the internal architecture of the server module is. As mentioned, all server modules use the same midplane connectors and have similar I/O characteristics. 15

18 A Choice of Processors, a Choice of Operating Systems By providing a choice of Sun SPARC or Intel Xeon processors, the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems can serve a wide range of applications and demands. Organizations are free to choose the platform that best suits their needs or fits in with their existing environments. Server modules of different architectures can also be mixed and matched in a single Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. To help assure the best application performance, server modules provide substantial computational and memory capacity to support demanding applications. Table 2 lists the capabilities of the server modules including processors, cores, threads, and memory capacity. TABLE 2. PROCESSOR SUPPORT AND MEMORY CAPACITIES FOR SUN BLADE 6000 SERVER MODULES SERVER MODULE PROCESSOR(S) MAXIMUM CORES/THREADS MEMORY SLOTS Sun Blade T6320 Server Module 1 UltraSPARC T2 processor 4, 6, or 8 cores, up to 64 threads 16 FB-DIMM slots Sun Blade T6340 Server Module 2 UltraSPARC T2 processors 6 or 8 cores, up to 64 threads 32 FB-DIMM slots Sun Blade X6270 Up to 2 Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Quad Core: 8 cores, 16 threads 18 DDR3 DIMM slots M2 Server Module Series CPUs Six Core: 12 cores, 24 threads Sun Blade X nodes, each with 2 Intel Xeon Per node, 5500 Series: Server Module Processor 5500 Series CPUs 8 cores, 16 threads 12 DDR3 DIMM slots Per server module, per node 5500 Series: 16 cores, 32 threads Leading I/O Throughput Sun Blade 6000 Server Modules provide extensive I/O capabilities and a wealth of I/O options, allowing modular servers to be used for applications that require significant I/O throughput: Up to 282 Gb/sec. of I/O throughput is provided on each server module 1, delivered through 32 lanes of PCI Express 2.0 I/O, as well as multiple gigabit Ethernet and SAS2 links. Each server module delivers its I/O to the passive midplane and the I/O devices connected to it in the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. 1 Please see Table 3 for more information. 16

19 2.5-inch SAS-2 or SATA2 disk drives and SATA-based SSDs are supported on some server modules, while others provide FlashFire Module, CompactFlash or USB slots. Two hot-plug PCI Express ExpressModules (EM) slots are dedicated to each server module, 20 per Sun Blade 6000 Chassis for granular (per blade) I/O configuration. Network Express Modules (NEMs) provide bulk I/O across multiple server modules and aggregate I/O functions. Up to two NEMs are supported per Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. Each NEM slot features a PCI Express x8 or high bandwidth XAUI connection, a gigabit Ethernet connection, and two SAS-2 link connections to each server module. Table 3 lists the throughput provided through the passive midplane from each of the server modules. TABLE 3. MIDPLANE THROUGHPUT FOR SUN BLADE 6000 SERVER MODULES LINKS PCI EXPRESS LINKS PCI EXPRESS LINKS GIGABIT OTHER LINKS TOTAL BANDWIDTH TO EMS TO NEMS ETHERNET (Gb/SEC) LINKS Sun Blade T6320 and T6340 Server Modules a 2 x8 PCIe 32 Gb/sec 2 x4 Gb/sec 1 Gb/sec 4 SAS 3 Gb/sec 110 Gb/sec Sun Blade X6270 M2 2 x8 PCIe 2.0 links, 2 x8 PCIe 2.0 links, 2, 4 SAS2 links, 282 Gb/sec Server Gb/sec Sun Blade X x8 PCIe 2.0 links, 2 x8 PCIe 2.0 links, 2, 4 SAS links, 135 (per node) Server Gb/sec 270 (server module) a.server modules with Raid Expansion Module (REM) and Fabric Expansion Modules (FEM) Enterprise-Class Features Unlike most traditional blade servers, Sun Blade server modules provide a host of enterprise features that help ensure greater reliability and availability: Each server module supports hot-plug capabilities Disk Capacity varies between server modules, but when provided (2 or 4 disks models), disks are hot-pluggable and provide the option of RAID controllers 2 2 Raid expansion modules (REMs) are supported by the Sun Blade T6320, T6340 and X6270 M2 server modules. 17

20 Redundant hot-swap chassis-located fans mean greater reliability through decreased part count and no fans located in the server modules Redundant hot-swap chassis-located power supply modules mean that no power supplies are located in individual server modules Open Transparent Management Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide a robust and comprehensive list of management features, including: A dedicated ILOM service processor on each server module for blade-level management granularity A Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) for direct access to server module management features Optional Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center for server module discovery and OS provisioning as well as bulk application-level provisioning A Choice of Operating Systems In order to provide maximum flexibility and investment protection, the server modules support a choice of operating systems, including: Oracle Solaris 10 OS The Linux operating system, Oracle Enterprise Linux (OEL), 64-bit Red Hat, SuSE Microsoft Windows Oracle Virtual Machine (OVM) VMware For the latest up-to-date list of operating system versions supported by the server modules as of this writing. Please see Oracle Solaris Support on all Server Modules Among the available operating systems, Oracle Solaris is ideal for large-scale enterprise deployments. Supported on all the Sun Blade server modules, Oracle Solaris has certain hardware-specific features that can enhance performance, efficiency, and reliability with different features affecting different processors as noted. Oracle VM Server for SPARC Support in Sun Blade T6320, and T6340 Server Modules Supported in all Sun SPARC servers that utilize Sun processors with chip multithreading (CMT) technology, Oracle VM Server for SPARC (formerly Sun Logical Domains) provides a full 18

21 virtualization layer, allowing running of multiple independent virtual machines each with their own operating system instance, virtualized CPU, memory, storage, console, and cryptographic devices. Within the Oracle VM Server for SPARC architecture, a small firmware layer known as the Hypervisor provides a stable, virtualized machine architecture to which an operating system can be written. As such, each logical domain is completely isolated, and the maximum number of virtual machines created on a single platform relies upon the capabilities of the underlying hardware architecture and the Hypervisor as opposed to the number of physical hardware devices installed in the system. For example, the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module with a single Sun UltraSPARC T2 processor supports up to 64 logical domains, and each individual logical domain can run a unique instance of the operating system 4. By taking advantage of Oracle VM Server for SPARC, organizations gain the flexibility to deploy multiple operating systems simultaneously on a single server module. In addition, administrators can exploit virtual device capabilities to transport an entire software stack hosted on a logical domain from one physical machine to another. Logical domains can also host Oracle Solaris Containers to capture the isolation, flexibility, extensive granularity and manageability features of both technologies. By deeply integrating logical domains with both the industry-leading CMT capabilities of the UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus processors and the Oracle Solaris 10 OS, Oracle VM Server for SPARC technology increases flexibility, isolates workload processing, and improves the potential for maximum server utilization. Scalability and Support for Oracle Solaris CoolThreads Technology The Oracle Solaris 10 OS is specifically designed to deliver on the available capacity of the considerable resources provided by UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus processor-based systems such as the Sun Blade T6320, and T6340 Server Modules. In fact, the Oracle Solaris 10 OS provides new functionality for optimal utilization, availability, security, and performance of these systems: CMT awareness The Oracle Solaris 10 OS is aware of the UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus processor hierarchies so that the scheduler can effectively balance the load across all the available pipelines. For instance, even though it exposes the UltraSPARC T2 and T2 Plus processors as 64 logical processors, Oracle Solaris understands the correlation between individual cores and the threads they support. Fine-granularity manageability The Oracle Solaris 10 OS has the ability to dedicate, enable or disable individual processors and threads. In the case of the UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus processors, this ability extends to individual cores and logical processors (hardware thread contexts). In addition, standard Oracle Solaris OS features such as processor sets provide the ability to define a group of logical processors and schedule processes or threads on them. 4 Though technically possible, this practice is not generally recommended. 19

22 Binding interfaces Oracle Solaris allows considerable flexibility in that processes and individual threads can be bound to either a processor or a processor set, if required or desired. Support for virtualized networking and I/O with hardware accelerated cryptography Oracle Solaris contains technology to support and virtualize components and subsystems on the UltraSPARC T2 processor, including support for the dual on-chip 10 Gb Ethernet ports and PCI Express interface. As a part of a high-performance network architecture, CMT-aware device drivers are provided so that applications running within virtualization frameworks can effectively share I/O and network devices. Hardware accelerated cryptography is supported through the Oracle Solaris Cryptographic framework and the in-core hardware accelerators present in all UltraSPARC T2 and T2 plus processors. Oracle Solaris Containers for Consolidation, Secure Partitioning, and Virtualization Oracle Solaris Containers comprise a group of technologies that work together to efficiently manage system resources, virtualize the system, and provide a complete, isolated, and secure runtime environment for applications. Oracle Solaris Containers can be used to partition and allocate the considerable computational resources of the server modules. Oracle Solaris Zones and Oracle Solaris Resource Management work together with the Oracle Solaris fair-share scheduler on both SPARCbased and x86-based server modules. Oracle Solaris Zones Oracle Solaris Zones can be used to create an isolated and secure environment for running applications. A zone is a virtualized operating system environment created within a single instance of Oracle Solaris. Zones can be used to isolate applications and processes from the rest of the system. This isolation helps enhance security and reliability since processes in one zone are prevented from interfering with processes running in another zone. Resource Management Resource management tools provided with Oracle Solaris let administrators dedicate resources such as CPU cycles to specific applications. CPUs in a multicore multiprocessor system such as those provided by Sun Blade 6000 family server modules can be logically partitioned into processor sets and bound to a resource pool, and can ultimately be assigned to a Oracle Solaris zone. Resource pools provide the capability to separate workloads so that consumption of CPU resources does not overlap. Resource pools also provide a persistent configuration mechanism for processor sets and scheduling class assignment. In addition, the dynamic features of resource pools let administrators adjust system resources in response to changing workload demands. Oracle Solaris Dynamic Tracing (DTrace) to Instrument and Tune Live Software Environments When production systems exhibit nonfatal errors or sub-par performance, the sheer complexity of modern distributed software environments can make accurate root-cause diagnosis extremely difficult. 20

23 Unfortunately, most traditional approaches to solving this problem have proved time-consuming and inadequate, leaving many applications languishing far from their potential performance levels. The Oracle Solaris DTrace facility on both SPARC and x86 platforms provides dynamic instrumentation and tracing for both application and kernel activities even allowing tracing of application components running in a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) 5. Oracle Solaris DTrace lets developers and administrators explore the entire system to understand how it works, track down performance problems across many layers of software, or locate the cause of aberrant behavior. Tracing is accomplished by dynamically modifying the operating system kernel to record additional data at locations of interest. Best of all, although Oracle Solaris DTrace is always available and ready to use, it has no impact on system performance when not in use, making it particularly effective for monitoring and analyzing production systems. NUMA Optimization in Oracle Solaris With memory managed by each processor on Sun Blade T6340, X6270 M2, and X6275 Server Modules, the implementations represent non-uniform memory access (NUMA) architectures. Namely, the speed with which a processor can access its own local memory is higher than that required to access memory managed by the other processor. Oracle Solaris provides technology that can specifically help applications improve performance on NUMA architectures. Memory Placement Optimization (MPO) The Oracle Solaris 10 OS uses MPO to improve the placement of memory across the physical memory of a server, resulting in increased performance. Through MPO, the Oracle Solaris 10 OS works to help ensure that memory is as close as possible to the processors that access it, while still maintaining enough balance within the system. As a result, many database and enterprise applications are able to run considerably faster with MPO. Hierarchical lgroup support (HLS) HLS improves the MPO feature in Oracle Solaris. HLS helps Oracle Solaris optimize performance for systems with more complex memory latency hierarchies. HLS lets Oracle Solaris distinguish between the degrees of memory remoteness, allocating resources with the lowest possible latency for applications. If local resources are not available by default for a given application, HLS helps Oracle Solaris allocate the nearest remote resources. Oracle Solaris ZFS File System The Solaris ZFS file system offers a dramatic advance in data management, automating and consolidating complicated storage administration concepts and providing unlimited scalability with the world s first 128-bit file system. ZFS is based on a transactional object model that removes most of the traditional constraints on I/O issue order, resulting in dramatic performance gains. ZFS also provides data integrity, protecting all data with 64-bit checksums that detect and correct silent data corruption. 5 The terms "Java Virtual Machine" and "JVM" mean a Virtual Machine for the Java platform. 21

24 A Secure and Robust Enterprise-Class Environment Best of all, Oracle Solaris doesn t require arbitrary sacrifices. The Solaris Binary Compatibility Guarantee helps ensure that existing applications continue to run unchanged, protecting investments. Certified multi-level security protects Oracle Solaris environments from intrusion. Sun s comprehensive Fault Management Architecture means that elements such as Oracle Solaris Predictive Self Healing can communicate directly with the hardware to help reduce both planned and unplanned downtime. Server Module Architecture The Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide high performance, capacity, and massive levels of I/O through full featured interfaces that use the latest technology and make the most of innovative chassis design. Sun Blade T6320, T6340, X6270 M2, and X6275 Server Modules are described in this section, while PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs), Network Express Modules (NEMs), Sun Blade Storage Modules, and the Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) are described later in this document. Server Modules Powered by Sun UltraSPARC T2, and T2 Plus Processors Sun Blade T6320, and T6340 server modules bring Oracle s chip multithreading (CMT) technology to modular systems. Sun Blade T6320 Server Module Similar in capabilities to Sun SPARC Enterprise T5120 and T5220 servers, the physical layout of the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module is shown in Figure 6. Figure 6. The Sun Blade T6320 Server Module supports a single UltraSPARC T2 processor. With support for up to 64 threads and considerable network and I/O capacity, the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module virtually doubles the throughput of previous-generation server modules. In addition to its processing and memory density, each server module hosts additional modules including an ILOM 2.0 service processor, fabric expansion module (FEM), and RAID expansion module (REM), all while retaining its compact form factor. With the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module, a single Sun Blade 6000 Chassis can support up to 640 threads in just 10 rack units. 22

25 The UltraSPARC T2 Processor with Oracle Solaris CoolThreads Technology The UltraSPARC T2 processor extends Sun s Throughput Computing initiative with an elegant and robust architecture that delivers real performance to applications. Implemented as a massively-threaded system on a chip (SoC), each UltraSPARC T2 processor supports: Up to eight 1.2 Ghz 1.6 Ghz Eight threads per core for a total maximum of 64 threads per processor 4 MB L2 cache in eight banks (16-way set associative) Four on-chip memory controllers for support of up to 16 FB-DIMMs Up to 128 GB of memory (8 GB FB-DIMMs) with 60 GB/s memory bandwidth Eight fully pipelined floating point units (1 per core) Eight hardware Cryptographic Acceleration co-processors (Stream Processing Units, SPU) (1 per core) Dual on-chip 10 Gb Ethernet interfaces Integral PCI Express interface In spite of its innovative technology, the UltraSPARC T2 processor is fully SPARC v7, v8, and v9 compatible and binary compatible with earlier SPARC processors. A high-level block diagram of the UltraSPARC T2 processor is shown in Figure 7. Figure 7. With up to eight cores, the UltraSPARC T2 processor represents a complete system on a chip (SoC). 23

26 The UltraSPARC T2 processor design recognizes that memory latency is truly the bottleneck to improving performance. By providing multiple high bandwidth memory controllers and increasing the number of threads supported by each core, the opportunity to satisfy individual threads accesses to memory increases significantly. By further increasing network bandwidth, the UltraSPARC T2 processor is able to provide approximately twice the throughput of the previous-generation UltraSPARC T1 processor. Each UltraSPARC T2 processor provides up to eight cores, with each core able to switch between up to eight threads (64 threads per processor). In addition, each core provides two integer execution units, so that a single UltraSPARC core is capable of executing two threads at a time. The eight cores on the UltraSPARC T2 processor are interconnected with a full on-chip non-blocking 8 x 9 crossbar switch. The crossbar connects each core to the eight banks of L2 cache, and to the system interface unit for IO. The crossbar provides approximately 300 GB/second of bandwidth and supports 8-byte writes from a core to a bank and 16-byte reads from a bank to a core. The system interface unit connects networking and I/O directly to memory through the individual cache banks. Using FB-DIMM memory supports dedicated northbound and southbound lanes to and from the caches to accelerate performance and reduce latency. This approach provides higher bandwidth than with DDR2 memory, with up to 42.4 GB/second of read bandwidth and 21 GB/second of write bandwidth. Each core provides its own fully-pipelined Floating Point and Graphics unit (FGU), as well as a Stream Processing Unit (SPU). The FGUs greatly enhance floating point performance over that of the previous-generation UltraSPARC T1 processor, while the SPUs provide wire-speed cryptographic acceleration with more than 10 ciphers supported, including DES, 3DES, AES, RC4, SHA-1, SHA- 256, MD5, RSA to 2048 key, ECC, and CRC32. Embedding hardware cryptographic acceleration for these ciphers allows end-to-end encryption with no penalty in either performance or cost. Server Module Architecture Figure 8 provides a logical block-level diagram of the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module. Similar to the Sun SPARC Enterprise T5120 and T5220 rackmount servers, the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module contains an UltraSPARC T2 processor, FB-DIMM sockets for main memory, integrated lights out manager (ILOM) service processor, and I/O subsystems. The memory configuration uses all four of the UltraSPARC T2 processor s memory controllers to provide better memory bandwidth. The onchip memory controllers communicate directly to FB-DIMM memory through high-speed serial links. Up to sixteen 667 MHz FB-DIMMs may be configured in the server module. 24

27 Figure 8. This figure illustrates the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module block level diagram. For I/O, the UltraSPARC T2 processor incorporates an eight-lane (x8) PCI Express port capable of operating at 4 GB/second bidirectionally. In the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module, this port interfaces with a PCI Express switch chip that delivers various PCI links to other parts of the server module, and to the passive midplane. Two of the PCI Express interfaces provided by the PCI Express switch are made available through PCI Express ExpressModules. The PCI Express switch also provides PCI links to other internal components, including sockets for fabric expansion modules (FEMs) and RAID expansion modules (REMs). The FEM socket allows for flexible network expansion. The Gigabit Ethernet interfaces are provided by an Intel chip connected to a x4 PCI Express interface on the PCI Express switch chip. Two gigabit Ethernet links are then routed through the midplane to the NEMs. The server module provides the logic for the Gigabit Ethernet connection, while the NEM provides the physical interface. Sun Blade RAID 0/1 Expansion Module All standard Sun Blade T6320 Server Module configurations ship with the Sun Blade RAID 0/1 Expansion Module (REM). Based on the LSI SAS1068E storage controller, the Sun Blade 0/1 REM provides a total of eight hard drive interfaces or links. Four interfaces are used for the on-board hard drives which may be Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) or Serial ATA (SATA). The other four links are routed to the midplane where they may be routed via NEMs to additional storage devices supplied by one or more Sun Blade Storage Module M2 s. 25

28 Oracle Integrated Lights-Out Management (ILOM) System Controller Provided across all of Sun s x86 servers and SPARC based Blades, the Oracle ILOM service processor acts as a system controller, facilitating remote management and administration. The service processor is fully featured and is consistent with that used in other Sun modular and rackmount x86 servers. As a result, Sun Blade T6320 Server Modules integrate easily with existing management infrastructure. Critical to effective system management, the ILOM service processor: Implements an IPMI 2.0 compliant services processor, providing IPMI management functions to the server's firmware, OS and applications, and to IPMI-based management tools accessing the service processor via the ILOM Ethernet management interface, giving visibility to the environmental sensors (both on the server module, and elsewhere in the chassis) Manages inventory and environmental controls for the server, including CPUs, DIMMs, and power supplies, and provides HTTPS/CLI/SNMP access to this data Supplies remote textual and graphical console interfaces, including a full Remote, Keyboard, Video, Mouse and Storage (RKVMS) feature. Provides a means to download upgrades to all system firmware The ILOM service processor also allows the administrator to remotely manage the server, independent of the operating system running on the platform and without interfering with any system activity. ILOM can also send alerts of hardware failures and warnings, as well as other events related to each server. The ILOM circuitry runs independently from the server, using the server s standby power. As a result, ILOM firmware and software continue to function when the server operating system goes offline, or when the server is powered off. ILOM monitors the following Sun Blade T6320 Server Module conditions: CPU temperature conditions Hard drive presence Enclosure thermal conditions Fan speed and status Power supply status Voltage conditions Oracle Solaris watchdog, boot time-outs, and automatic server restart events Sun Blade T6340 Server Module With the advent of the UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor, the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module takes chip multithreading performance, density, and energy efficiency to the next level. Similar in design to the rackmount Sun Fire T5140 and T5240 servers, Sun Blade T6340 Server Modules feature two highperformance six-core or eight-core UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors. The physical layout of the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module is shown in Figure 9. 26

29 Figure 9. The Sun Blade T6340 Server Module supports two UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors. Each Sun Blade T6340 Server Module supports up to 128 processing threads to dramatically increase throughput while reducing energy consumption. Oracle s chip multithreading (CMT) technology and a large unified 4 MB L2 cache allow each UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor to be run at high utilization rates by minimizing memory wait cycles. In addition, 32 FB-DIMM slots provide up to 256 GB of fully-buffered memory capacity to maximize application performance especially important for virtualized compute environments. The Sun Blade T6340 Server Module hosts a full complement of I/O capacity, incorporating dual PCI Express switches, and featuring flexible fabric expansion modules (FEMs) and RAID expansion modules (REM) so that organizations can customize their I/O capabilities. Like other Sun rackmount and modular servers, the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module also incorporates an ILOM service processor, including full remote Keyboard/Video/Mouse/storage(RKVMS) capabilities, allowing the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module to be centrally managed in a consistent manner with other Sun x86 servers. Organizations familiar with x86 management semantics can quickly configure and manage Sun Blade T6340 Server Modules with little training, reducing time-to-production and longer-term management overhead. The Multisocket UltraSPARC T2 Plus Processor The UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor builds on the capabilities of the UltraSPARC T2 processor by offering support for multisocket implementations. While the UltraSPARC T2 processor supports only single-socket implementations, up to four UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors can be combined in a single system. Figure 10 provides a block-level diagram of the UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor. 27

30 Figure 10. Each UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor provides four Coherency Links to connect to other UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors. The UltraSPARC T2 Plus architecture omits the dual on-chip 10 Gb Ethernet interfaces found on the UltraSPARC T2 processor, and uses the chip real estate to provide four on-chip Coherency Units (CUs). The processor also replaces two memory channels with four Coherence Channels (or coherence links) one provided by each Coherency Unit. These links run a cache coherence (snoopy) protocol over an FB-DIMM-like physical interface to provide up to 4.8 Gigatransfers per port, yielding 204 Gb per second in each direction. The memory link speed of the UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor was also increased to 4.8 Gbps over the 4.0 Gbps of the UltraSPARC T2 processor. The UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor is deployed in a two-socket implementation in the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module. A typical two-socket implementation is shown in Figure 11. Dual-socket UltraSPARC T2 Plus implementations interconnect the processors four coherence links, and require no additional glue circuitry. 28

31 Figure 11. The Sun Blade T6340 Server Module implements a dual-socket UltraSPARC T2 Plus configuration. Server Module Architecture Figure 12 provides a block-level diagram of the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module. Each server module contains two UltraSPARC T2 Plus processors, interconnected by four Coherency Links. Depending on the model purchased, the processors can have six or eight cores. Each core, in turn, incorporates dual 128-bit execution pipelines capable of running four threads each, totaling eight threads per core. The resulting dual-processor Sun Blade T6340 Server Module provides support for up to 128 threads. Each UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor provides two memory controllers. Each memory controller operates one branch of two channels, and each channel can accommodate 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 FB-DIMMs. Eight FB-DIMM slots are logically located on each side of the each UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor for a total of 32 FB-DIMM slots. This FB-DIMM pairing is implemented in order to help ensure that the UltraSPARC T2 Plus processor provides optimal memory bandwidth. The result of this practice is that the effective width of the data path to the FB-DIMM is doubled, allowing the CPUs to move data at 128-bits at a time using two 64-bit FB-DIMMS. 29

32 Figure 12. This figure illustrates the Sun Blade T6340 Server Module block-level perspective. Each Sun Blade T6340 Server Module incorporates two PEX 8533 PCI Express switches to support all of the server module s I/O expansion devices. The first PEX 8533 PCI Express switch provides one PCI Express x8 link to EM 0, two x4 links to the optional Fabric Expansion Module, one x1 link to the Intel for dual gigabit Ethernet ports that are directed to each NEM. Another PCI Express x4 link connects the two switch chips to provide full I/O access in the event of a CPU socket failure. The second PEX 8533 PCI Express switch provides an x8 link to EM 1, an x4 link to the RAID Expansion Module, a x1 link to the PEX 8111 PCI bridge for USB and video ports (accessed through the front-accessible dongle cable). The dongle cable also supports one RF-45 serial port and one VGA port. Each Sun Blade T6340 Server Module provides two drive slots for 2.5-inch SAS or SATA disk drives. Actual disk drives are optional as network booting is fully supported. Organizations can opt to deploy either SAS or SATA disk drives, but not both. The standard RAID 0/1 Expansion module provides RAID 0/1 protection. The on-board RAID Expansion Module provides four SAS/SATA links to the passive midplane for integration with the optional NEMs and the Sun Blade Storage Module M2. 30

33 Sun Blade RAID 0/1 Expansion Module As with other Sun Blade 6000 family Server Modules, the Sun Blade 0/1 RAID Expansion Module (REM) is a mezzanine card that can be fitted on the rear of the motherboard for mirroring, or striping of the disk storage devices. The REM currently provides dual SAS (3 Gb/s) or SATA (1.5 Gb/s) links to the two internal disk drives as well as exporting two SAS links to each NEM via the midplane for off-blade storage expansion. All standard Sun Blade T6340 Server Module configurations ship with the REM, which provides integrated mirroring, integrated striping, as well as simple JBOD (just a bunch of disks) access. Integrated striping can be used in conjunction with integrated mirroring or integrated mirroring enhanced. The RAID configuration is self-sufficient, and does not require intervention from the host CPU or OS. Oracle Integrated Lights-Out Management (ILOM) System Controller Provided across all of Sun s x86 servers and SPARC based Blades, the Oracle ILOM service processor acts as a system controller, facilitating remote management and administration. The service processor is fully featured and is similar in implementation to that used in other Sun modular and rackmount x86 servers. As a result, Sun Blade T6340 Server Modules integrate easily with existing management infrastructure. The Sun Blade T6340 Server Module provides remote Keyboard/ Video/Mouse/Storage (RKVMS) functionality with the integrated ILOM service processor. With this capability, system administrators can manage Sun Blade T6340 Server Modules with full remote graphical management capabilities, including full remote media. This innovation greatly simplifies the management tasks of software updates and patches. Best of all, administrators can now manage Sun x86 and CMT blade servers in a fully consistent manner. For compatibility with legacy CMT environments, an ALOM CLI emulation mode is available. The Sun Blade T6340 Server Module is supported by primarily accessed via the standard ILOM interfaces, making it compatible with ILOM as provided on Sun Blade x86 server modules. Server Modules Powered by Intel Xeon Processors Sun Blade X6270 M2 and X6275 server modules employ Intel Xeon processors. Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Modules offer the Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs while Sun Blade X6275 Server Modules offer Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series CPUs. Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module The Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module improves on previous-generation server modules by offering support for up to two Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs (formerly Westmere-EP). In addition to the increased performance offered by these latest CPU s, this server module supports 18 DIMM sockets using DDR3 DIMMs to accommodate memory-intensive applications. Up to four hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid state drives (SSDs) can be accommodated through front accessible SAS-2 based bays in the front panel. Fabric Expansion Modules and RAID Expansion Modules are also supported, allowing for flexible storage and I/O connectivity options. The Sun Blade X6270 M2 31

34 Server Module builds on the success of previous-generation (X6270) server modules by offering a number of enhancements, including: Support for Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs, now with up to 6 cores. Enhanced Gigabit Ethernet support SAS Gen-2 signaling capabilities throughout A top-view of the Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module is shown in Figure 13. Figure 13. The Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module provides two sockets for quad-core or six-core Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series With each release of a new processor series, Intel alternates between enhancing the manufacturing process (shrinking the processor die) and redesigning the core microarchitecture. With the Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series (formerly Westmere-EP, Figure 14), Intel transitioned to a 32 nm process and added processor cores to the base design of the Intel Xeon Processor 5500 series (described later in this section). Available in either four-core or six-core versions, the Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPU s are equipped with three a three channel DDR3 Memory Controller, each channel controlling up to 3 DIMMs. Two bi-directional QuickPath Interconnects are also provided for high speed CPU-CPU and CPU-I/O subsystem communications. 32

35 Figure 14. The Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series offers up to six cores, an integrated memory controller, and two bidirectional QuickPath Interconnects. These new Intel processors are targeted at delivering optimal performance for bandwidth-intensive, threaded applications, with a microarchitecture that features the following significant innovations over previous designs: Intel QuickPath technology This technology provides a high-speed, point-to-point interconnect between processors and I/O. The Intel QuickPath interconnect (QPI) links processors in a design that provides both high-bandwidth and low-latency. Because it is a point-to-point interconnect, processors do not contend for a single bus when accessing memory and I/O, and do not compete for bus bandwidth, enhancing scalability. Each QPI port includes two unidirectional links that support from 4.8 GT/ sec up to 6.4 GT/sec per link, offering up to 12.8 GB/sec bandwidth in each direction for a total bandwidth of 25.6 GB/sec significantly higher than previous bus designs. Multiple processor cores The Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series microarchitecture offers four cores or six cores per die. Integrated DDR3 memory controller Implemented as a separate, remote component in earlier architectures, the memory controller is now integrated on the processor die. The processor design creates a Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA)-style memory architecture since each processor in multisocketed systems can access local memory (connected to the local memory controller) as well as remote memory that is connected to another processor. Advanced cache model The Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series offers a 12 MB Last-Level cache that is shared by the processor cores. Extended SSE4 (Streaming SIMD Extensions) These processor extensions improve performance for XML, string, and text processing. 33

36 Virtualization enhancements Embedded virtualization technologies provide hardware-based assistance for I/O device virtualization, improved virtualization efficiency, and enhanced connectivity within a virtualized server. Intel HyperThreading (HT) technology This technology provides two virtual threads per core, increasing performance for highly-threaded applications. Intel Turbo Boost Technology For both multithreaded and single-threaded workloads, this technology increases performance by taking advantage of processor and system power and thermal headroom. The Turbo Boost feature can opportunistically increase performance up to two or three speed bins per core (266 or 400 MHz) above typical performance levels where thermal headroom exists. Turbo Boost and HyperThreading capabilities vary according to specific processor models. Intel Intelligent Power Technology When a processor workload decreases, unneeded components cores, cache, and memory are put into sleep mode to reduce power consumption. Server Module Architecture As shown in Figure 15, the Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module supports up to two Intel Xeon processors interconnected to each other and the Intel 5600 Chipset using Intel s QuickPath Interconnect (QPI) technology. The Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs each have one integrated memory controller with three DDR3 channels and up to three DIMMs per channel. The Intel 5600 Chipset provides 16 PCI Express 2.0 lanes to the FEM socket that delivers up to two PCI Express 2.0 x8 interfaces or XAUI connections to the chassis midplane for NEM connections. Two additional PCI Express 2.0 x8 interfaces are delivered to the passive midplane for EM connections. An x4 PCI Express 2.0 connection interfaces to the optional RAID Expansion Module, which provides SAS-2 links to the midplane, and hosts the internal HDDs and/or SSDs. The Intel ICH10R I/O Controller Hub provides PCI, SATA, and USB connectivity. The Controller Hub interfaces with an Intel 82576EB Gigabit Ethernet controller (formerly known as Kawela) to provide two Gigabit Ethernet interfaces to the passive midplane. An internal USB connector is also provided by the Intel ICH10R. 34

37 Figure 15. The Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module introduces support for Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series CPUs and SAS-2 storage devices Sun Blade X6275 Server Module The Sun Blade X6275 Server Module is uniquely designed with two compute nodes configured onto a single server module. In addition, the design makes better utilization of the printed circuit board and the dual-node design delivers cost savings as well. Each of the two compute nodes on the Sun Blade X6275 Server Module provide two sockets for Intel Xeon Processor 5500 CPUs and 12 DDR3 DIMM slots for memory. An independent ILOM service processor is also provided for each node. The server module contains no conventional drive slots, but two slots are provided to support Sun Flash Modules, one per compute node. The Sun Blade X6275 GbE Server Module is supported in the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. A photo of the Sun Blade X6257 GbE model is provided in Figure 17, with key components called out. 35

38 !"#$%&'$(" )*(+$,,(*, -.(/$&01 28&99:; 9!33&<%(#, -.(/$&01!"#$%&'$(" )*(+$,,(*, -.(/$&21 28&99:; 9!33&<%(#, -.(/$&01 34/5%6"$ )*(+$,,(*,&-C(#?&"(/$,1 <="&>%6,?>4*$&3(/=%$, -("$&5$*&"(/$1 Figure 17. The Sun Blade X6275 Server Module (GbE model shown) provides two nodes on a single server module, each with two sockets for Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series CPUs Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series The Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series represents a new microarchitecture design that reaps the benefits of previous expertise with 45 nm silicon manufacturing. Figure 18 depicts the New Intel Core Microarchitecture (formerly Nehalem-EP) of the Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series. Figure 18. The Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series offers four cores per die, integrates a DDR3 memory controller, and implements Intel QuickPath technology. Sun Blade X6275 GbE Server Module Architecture The Sun Blade X6275 GbE Server Module is supported in the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. The Sun Blade X6275 GbE Server Module provides two compute nodes within the standard blade module formfactor. Each node is provided with access to a single PCI Express ExpresssModule and a single 1GbE 36

39 network port to a NEM slot. Directing the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces to both NEM #0 and NEM #1 allows configuration of two single-height Gigabit Ethernet NEMS in the blade chassis for redundant network connections and failover. A block-level diagram of the Sun Blade X6275 GbE model Server Module is provided in Figure 19. Figure 19. The Sun Blade X6275 GbE model Server Module provides Gigabit Ethernet instead of QDR InfiniBand interfaces. I/O Expansion, Networking, Storage, and Management Today s datacenter investments need to be protected, especially as systems are repurposed, expanded, and altered to meet dynamic demands. Modular systems can play a key role, allowing organizations to derive maximum benefit from their infrastructure, even as their needs change. More importantly, modular systems must avoid arbitrary limitations that restrict choice in I/O, networking, or management. The Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems in particular are designed to work with open and multivendor industry standards without dictating components, topologies, or management scenarios. 37

40 PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs) Industry-standard I/O, long a staple of rackmount and vertically-scalable servers has been elusive in legacy blade platforms. Unfortunately, the lack of industry-standard I/O has meant that customers often paid more for fewer options, and were ultimately limited by a single vendor s innovation. Unlike legacy blade platforms, Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems utilize PCI Express ExpressModules (EMs) which are a PCI SIG industry standard form factor. This approach allows for a wealth of expansion module options from multiple expansion module vendors, and avoids a single-vendor lock on innovation. The passive midplane implements connectivity between the EMs and the server modules, and physically assigns pairs of EMs to individual server modules. As shown in Figure 28, EMs 0 and 1 (from right to left) are connected to server module 0, EMs 2 and 3 are connected to server module 1, EMs 4 and 5 are connected to server module 3, and so on. Each EM is supplied with an x8 PCI Express 2.0 link back to its associated server module, providing up to 64 Gb/s of I/O throughput. EMs are hot-plug capable according to the standard defined by the PCI SIG, and fully customer replaceable without opening either the chassis or removing the server module. Figure 20. A pair of 8-lane (x8) PCI Express slots allow up to two PCI Express ExpressModules per server module in the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. With the industry-standard PCI Express ExpressModule form factor (Figure 21), EMs are available for multiple types of connectivity, including: Gigabit Ethernet Dual port Quad port Combination dual-port GbE, dual-port Fibre Channel 10 Gigabit Ethernet Dual port Fibre Channel Dual port 38

41 Combination dual-port Fibre Channel, dual-port GbE InfiniBand Dual-port Quad data rate SAS Dual-port 12 Gb For a list of the latest available PCI Express ExpressModules, please see: Figure 21. Several PCI Express ExpressModules are available for the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. Network Express Modules (NEMs) Providing a wide array of I/O access to individual server modules has always been challenging. Many legacy blade platforms were often restrictive in their available options, and many of the options dictated topology and management choices. As a result, datacenters often found legacy blade server platforms difficult to integrate into their existing networks, or were resistant to admitting new switch hardware into their chosen network fabrics. Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems address this problem through a specific Network Express Module (NEM) form factor that provides configurable network I/O for all of the server modules in the system. Connecting to all of the installed server modules through the passive midplane, NEMs represent a space-efficient mechanism for deploying high-density configurable I/O, and provide bulk and consolidated I/O options for the entire chassis. A selection of NEMs are available for configuration with the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems, providing pass-through access to the gigabit Ethernet interfaces located on the server modules as well as other I/O protocol capabilities. Fabric Expansion Modules (FEMs) A variety of Fabric Expansion Modules are offered to provide access to interfaces on Sun Blade server modules. In some cases these FEMs simply convey access to interfaces that reside either on the processors or the server modules themselves. FEMs can also provide access to additional functionality such as alternative I/O via Infiniband or 10GbE networking complementing NEM functionality and 39

42 connectivity. Through the flexibility of FEMs, different network and I/O fabric interfaces can be exposed to the passive midplane, and on to available Network Express Modules. As an example of FEM connectivity, the Sun Blade T6320 XAUI Pass-Through FEM inserts directly into the FEM socket on the Sun Blade T6320 Server Module (Figure 22). The FEM connects the two native 10 Gb Ethernet ports on the UltraSPARC T2 processor to the passive midplane. Available Network Express Modules can then expose these ports as 10 Gb interfaces. Figure 22. The Sun Blade T6320 XAUI Pass-Through Fabric Expansion Module connects the native 10 Gb Ethernet ports on the UltraSPARC T2 processor to NEMs via the passive midplane. Network Express Modules available as of this writing for the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis are described in the sections that follow, along with FEMs required for specific server modules. For the latest Network Express Module information, please refer to Sun Blade 6000 Chassis NEMs A variety of NEMs are provided for the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis, offering pass-through access to gigabit and 10 Gb Ethernet interfaces on the various server modules as well as access to on-board SAS links for storage expansion. As of this writing, available Sun Blade 6000 NEMs include: Sun Blade 6000 GbE 10-port pass thru NEM Sun Blade Gigabit Ethernet Multi-Fabric NEM Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 GbE M2 NEM Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switched NEM 24p 10GE To access advanced networking functionality, some NEMS require that Fabric Expansion Modules be installed in the server modules. Part numbers for FEMs for connecting the various server modules to the Sun Blade 6000 NEMs are listed in Table 4. To access the SAS2 storage fabric zoning capabilities REMs may also be required as shown in Table 5. For the latest NEM and FEM information, please refer to 40

43 TABLE 4 : FABRIC EXPANSION MODULE REQUIREMENTS SERVER MODULE SUN BLADE 6000 ETHERNET SWITCHED NEM 24P 10GE SUN BLADE 6000 VIRTUALIZED MULTI- FABRIC 10 GB M2 NEM SUN BLADE GB MULTI-FABRIC NEM Sun Blade T6320 X4822A X4835A X4822A Server Module X4871A-Z Sun Blade T6340 Server Module X4871A-Z X4835A X1029A-Z Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module X4871A-Z X4263A N/A Sun Blade 6000 Chassis RAID Expansion module (REM) SAS connectivity using NEMs TABLE 5 : RAID EXPANSION MODULE REQUIREMENTS SERVER MODULE SUN BLADE 6000 ETHERNET SWITCHED NEM 24P 10GE SUN BLADE 6000 VIRTUALIZED MULTI- FABRIC 10 GB M2 NEM SUN BLADE GB MULTI-FABRIC NEM Sun Blade T6320 Server Module N/A N/A X4607A Sun Blade T6340 Server Module N/A N/A X4607A Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module SGX-SAS6-R-REM-Z SGX-SAS6-R-REM-Z N/A Sun Blade 6000 GbE 10-port pass thru NEM For applications that don t require 10 Gb Ethernet networking or extended Blade storage functionality, the Sun Blade 6000 GbE 10 port pass thru NEM offers an effective solution. A single Sun Blade 6000 GbE 10-port pass thru NEM (Figure 23) provides simply, ten 1 Gigabit Ethernet pass-through ports that provide access to 1 of 2 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces on all server modules 41

44 Figure 23. The Sun Blade 6000 GbE 10-port Pass Thru NEM provides ten gigabit Ethernet pass-through ports. Sun Blade GbE Multi-Fabric NEM The Sun Blade GbE Multi-Fabric NEM expands on the capabilities of the passthrough NEM by adding both 10 Gb Ethernet pass-through capabilities as well as a SAS-1 storage expander. The storage expander effectively acts as a switch to interconnect with all of the SAS links routed to the midplane from the server modules. Through this mechanism, server modules can access additional offblade storage when available from storage modules(described later in this section). Pictured in Figure 24, the Sun Blade GbE Multi-Fabric NEM includes: Ten Gigabit Ethernet pass-through ports that provide access to Gigabit Ethernet interfaces on all server modules Ten 10 Gb Ethernet pass-through ports that provide access to the 10 Gb Ethernet interfaces on the FEM-equipped server modules (Sun Blade T6320 and T6340 server modules only) SAS networking capabilities in the NEM provide SAS fabric connectivity between blades via two SAS links per blade, mapped through the onboard SAS Storage Expander device Figure 24. The Sun Blade GbE Multi-Fabric NEM includes ten gigabit Ethernet pass-through ports, ten 10 Gb Ethernet pass-through ports, and internal SAS links. Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 GbE M2 NEM Many organizations are grappling with massive levels of cabling complexity, and are looking for ways to consolidate their networking infrastructure along with their computing infrastructure. The Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 GbE NEM addresses this need by providing cable aggregation at the chassis level. The NEM combines a next generation SAS-2 expander and passive Gigabit Ethernet interfaces to each server module with dual ASICs for virtualized I/O. In addition to the SAS-2 fabric 42

45 connectivity and pass-through Gb Ethernet interfaces, two 10 Gb Ethernet SFP+ optical interfaces are provided on the back panel as shown in Figure 25. Blade 0 Blade 1 Blade 2 Blade 3 Blade 4 Blade 5 Blade 6 Blade 7 Blade 8 Blade 9 PCIe NEM PCIe Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual NIC Virtual Ethernet Segment 10 Gbe MAC ASIC IAL ASIC 10 Gbe MAC Virtual Ethernet Segment 36-port LSI SAS2 Storage Expancer Figure 25. The Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 GbE M2 NEM provides aggregation and optional redundancy at the chassis level. The NEM features 10 virtual NICs that connect to each server module via a PCI Express connection, giving each server module the impression that it is connected to its own 10Gb link. Each Server module is also provided with dual SAS-2 disk ports from an integrated SAS-2 fabric expander to allow very flexible SAS storage zoning within the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. The virtual NICs are connected via a virtual Ethernet segment that is internal to the NEM. The interface appears as a 10 Gb Ethernet interface to the server module, and installed server modules share the available bandwidth, up to 10 Gb/sec for each external interface. Server modules on the same Ethernet segment share a single physical 10 Gb Ethernet uplink port, and can communicate directly via an internal Loopback path. The Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 GbE M2 NEM provides for near-zero administration for configuration and maintenance. MAC addresses remain with the server module slot, so that individual server modules can be swapped out without affecting addressing or configuration. In addition, the NEM is configurable in one of three modes, via the Intra ASIC Link (IAL): If a single 10 Gb SPF+ cable is inserted, the NEM will be in Connectivity Mode, where all server modules in a Sun Blade 6000 Chassis can share the same Ethernet segment across the IAL. This configuration produces more contention for the 10 Gb Ethernet uplink bandwidth, but can be configured for link-level redundancy across the dual interfaces (via ILOM). If two 10 GB SPF+ cables are inserted, the NEM will be automatically configured into Bandwidth Mode, where the two ASICs operate as separate Ethernet segments, each with interfaces to five 43

46 server modules exported through the two external 10 Gb connectors. In this configuration, redundancy can be provided by installing two Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 Gb NEMs. Finally for private communications between blades, only within the chassis a Private Mode is provided which enables the Intra-ASIC Link to allow all blades to communicate on a single Ethernet segment, but disables both SFP+ ports to ensure that communications are not passed outside of the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis and no external communications can affect in-chassis communications. This is an ideal scenario for private, secure inter-blade communication configurations. Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switched NEM 24p 10GE Beyond providing aggregation of 10 Gigabit Ethernet, the Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switched NEM 24p 10GE offers an active non-blocking, low-latency 10 Gb Ethernet switch compatible with the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis (shown in Figure 26). Based on a 24-port 10 Gb Ethernet switch chip, the NEM operates as a Layer 2 / Layer 3 edge switch, allowing dense non-blocking 10 Gb Ethernet fabrics to be constructed in combination with suitable rack and enterprise-level switches. Providing a full switch within a standard single-height NEM form factor allows for considerable consolidation and savings. A block-level diagram of the NEM aligned with a photo of the back panel is provided in Figure 35. The switch is designed to support: Sun Blade 6000 family server modules via 10 Gb Ethernet connections that attach through the Sun Dual 10GbE PCIe 2.0 Fabric Expansion Module Server module connections to storage modules via two SAS-2 links to each server module slot in the chassis through the passive midplane. Figure 26. The Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switched NEM 24p 10GE provides a 24-port 10 Gb Ethernet switch for non-blocking 10 Gb access to each server module. 44

47 Each Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switched NEM 24p 10GE delivers a 10Gb Ethernet connection to each server module installed in the chassis. Redundant 10 Gb Ethernet connections to each server module can be provided by installing two NEMS into the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis. In order to offer non-blocking throughput, each NEM exposes a total of 14 external 10 Gb Ethernet connections through the back panel: Two SFP+ connectors Three 4x QSFP (quad SFP) connectors In addition to switch consolidation offered by the NEM, the 4x QSFP connectors also provide for considerable cable consolidation when connecting to a compatible rack or enterprise switch. An integrated 36-port SAS-2 expander provides two SAS-2 connections to each slot in the chassis, allowing for connection of server modules to Sun Blade Storage Modules for in-chassis storage expansion. The external SAS-2 ports are not supported as of this writing. Consistent with Oracle s modular design principals, the NEM is easy to manage, and offers standard interfaces and network protocols, including: Unified chassis management A Web browser interface and a standard command-line interface (ILOM shell) Multiple user privileges Single sign on ILOM support via the Chassis Monitoring Module Environmental monitoring An industry standard compatible L2 / L3 network stack CLI and command set. Several server modules (Table 4) utilize the Sun Dual 10 GbE PCIe 2.0 Fabric Expansion Module to connect to the NEM. The FEM provide dual 10 Gb Ethernet interfaces to the server module, and is pictured in Figure 26. Figure 26. The Sun Dual 10 GbE PCIe 2.0 FEM provides two 10 Gb Ethernet interfaces. Extending 10GbE server networks beyond a single Sun Blade 6000 shelf The Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switched NEM 24p 10GE provides 10GbE connectivity within a single chassis of server modules but can be further linked to other Sun Blade 6000 chassis to significantly increase the size of the server module deployment. Multiple chassis of Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet 45

48 Switched NEM 24p 10GbE equipped server modules can be interconnected using only a few QSFPto-QSFP cables to provide high bandwidth low latency, high node count configurations of servers. To extend even further, to very large node counts, many 10GbE equipped chassis of server modules can be connected together using the Sun Network 10GbE Switch 72p top-of-rack 1RU switch. This is a 72-port, low-latency, cut-through 10GbE switch equipped with 16 QSFP port and 8 SFP+ switch ports. Some simple, example network configurations are illustrated in Figure 27. Figure 27. A rack full of Sun Blade 6000 chassis using the 24p NEM switch interconnected using a single QSFP uplink to one NEM, and utilizing a 72p Switch to connect 16 racks of servers from 24p NEMs to a single 72p Switch. Further bandwidth improvement could be achieved through port aggregation configurations. In-Chassis Storage and Storage Expansion A number of storage expansion options are available for server modules. Individual server modules have their own internal expansion options, including hard disk drives (HDDs) and flash memory devices, including solid state drives (SSDs), Sun Flash Modules (FMODs), USB and Compact Flash. The Sun Blade Storage Module M2 allows for storage to be expanded beyond the individual server module. Supported storage options for the various server modules are shown in Table 6. Note that an appropriate REM and NEM combination is required in some circumstances. SERVER MODULE ARCHITECTURE SERVER MODULE HDDS/SSDS SUN FLASH MODULE COMPACT FLASH SUN BLADE STORAGE MODULE M2 UltraSPARC T2 Sun Blade T6320 Server Module 4 UltraSPARC T2 Plus Sun Blade T Yes 46

49 Server Module Intel Xeon 5600 Series Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module 4 Yes (Full zoning capability) Intel Xeon 5500 Series Sun Blade X6275 GbE model Server Module 0 Yes (1 per node) Server Module Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) A choice of (optional) hot-swappable 2.5-inch SAS or SATA hard disk drives are supported with all server modules except for the diskless Sun Blade X6275 Server Modules which utilize Flash Modules for local storage requirements.. Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) drives provide high performance and high density. Drives are 10,000 rpm and available in various capacities. These drives provide enterprise-class reliability with up to 1.6 million hours mean time between failures (MTBF). Serial ATA (SATA) drives are 7200 rpm and available in various capacities. Please check for the latest available disk drive offerings. Innovative Enterprise Flash Technology Modern servers are driving throughput levels that can rapidly outpace the capabilities of traditional hard disk drive storage solutions. While many servers can achieve processing capabilities in excess of one million I/O operations per second (IOPS), today s fastest hard disk drives (HDDs) are only capable of about 300 to 400 IOPS. To match throughput more closely to server performance, and to address the challenging demands of data-intensive applications, many datacenters implement large pools of high-speed disk drives, often utilizing only the fastest outer portions of their storage media, wasting capacity. In some cases, a large buffer of expensive DRAM is also deployed so that the application s working set can be stored in memory to reduce latency. Flash technology provides a more economical alternative that can dramatically enhance application I/O performance while also operating with significantly better energy efficiency than conventional hard disk drives. Recent advances in the flash technology have made enterprise levels of reliability, life expectancy and manageability available from flash based storage devices, in the form of both Flash Modules and solid-state drives (SSDs). These now become an effective and reliable solution for enterprise storage. Flash technology contains no moving parts, avoiding the seek times and rotational latencies inherent with traditional hard disk drive technology and removing the single largest bottleneck to disk drive performance. Oracle FlashFire technology can offer instant availability of increased performance, power and cost savings, and reliability benefits over rotational media, including: 97% lower cost per I/O operation per second (IOPS) 47

50 99% lower Watts/IOPS 66% lower Watts/GB High reliability of up to 7x24x3 years with a 100% write duty cycle 6 Solid State Drives (SSDs) Because SSDs offer low latency, and are are significantly less expensive than and equivalent amount of DRAM storage, they balance cost and performance in a manner that can provide significant value for I/O intensive workloads. SSDs are offered in conventional disk drive form factor (Figure 28). Figure 28. Solid sate drives (left) provide enterprise flash technology in a standard disk drive form factor, FlashFire technology (right) provides optimized performance in a considerably smaller form-factor Sun Flash Technology Engineered by Oracle, the Sun Flash Module (FMOD) is a storage innovation that combines NAND flash components and a flash memory controller (FMC) to provide an industry-standard SATA device in a compact, highly-efficient form factor. The Sun Blade X6275 Server Modules can support installation of up to two 24 GB Sun Flash Modules. In Sun Blade X6275 Server Modules one Sun Flash Module is available to each compute node on the server module. These flash modules are ideal for hosting a boot environment for the compute node, and can also serve to deliver a high-capacity and high-performance storage option for I/O sensitive applications. Similar to SSDs, Sun Flash Modules are viewed by the operating system and BIOS as standard SATA drives, removing the burden of OS specific drivers and special configurations. Sun Blade Storage Module M2 The Sun Blade Storage Module M2 (Figure 29) is a high-density storage device for the Sun Blade 6000 Chassis, allowing flexible storage expansion beyond the capabilities of individual server modules. Like the server modules, Sun Blade Storage Module M2 contain neither fans nor power supplies, deriving 6 Statistics for the Sun Flash Module 48

51 power, cooling, and management from the chassis. Each Sun Blade Storage Module M2 provides storage capacity of up to eight SAS-2 hard drives. Up to 9 Sun Blade Storage Modules can be installed in a single Sun Blade 6000 chassis. Each disk slot in the storage module is Dual Ported allowing redundant paths to SAS-2 storage devices that support this feature. All communications with the server modules are via Serial Attached SCSI (SAS-2) links routed through the chassis midplane and supported Network Express Modules. The Sun Blade Storage Module M2 can act as a JBOD device (Just a Bunch of Disks) attached to one or more server modules, the configuration and mapping of the available storage devices to the server modules is carried out via the Chassis Management Module (CMM) ILOM interface, which provides an easy to use and visual Web Based GUI, or alternatively via a CMM CLI interface. Figure 29. The Sun Blade Storage Module M2 provides up to eight SAS-2 drives which may be shared to other Server Modules within the Sun Blade 6000 chassis. The disk module offers the ability to flexibly provide storage capacity to a server module within the chassis, with up to eight SAS-2 hard drives providing up to 2.4 TB of disk storage capacity (using 300GB drives). The bandwidth between the server module and the disk module is well balanced, as each server and disk module has up to four SAS-2 links via the midplane and NEMs to the storage module. The total bandwidth available through four SAS-2 links is 24 Gbps. As shown in Figure 30, each pair of SAS-2 links connects a NEM slot to one of two 36-port SAS-2 Storage expanders in the Sun Blade Storage Module M2. All disk drives are connected to both storage expanders providing dual paths. Two NEMs must be installed in the chassis in order for all four links to be available to both the server module and the disk module and to take advantage of dual paths. If a single NEM is installed, only two of the SAS links from each server module will be able to communicate and to access the Storage Module. 49

52 Figure 30. Each Sun Blade Storage Module M2 includes two 36-port SAS-2 storage expanders that each connect to all of the storage devices and to one of the NEM slots, providing dual paths to each storage device if both NEMs are populated. In order for the server module to communicate to the disk module, it must be equipped with either an appropriate RAID expansion module (REM) and the chassis must have at least one SAS-2 storage expander equipped NEM installed. If the server module supports on-board disk drives, then its REM will provide communication to the on-board hard disk drives in addition to the devices zoned for access from the storage module. This feature makes management of the additional hard disk drives extremely simple, as only one storage controller has to be managed to use and configure all the hard drives visible to the server module, including those in RAID volumes. A single Sun Blade Storage Module M2 can provide flexible storage to an entire Sun Blade 6000 Chassis of server modules via the easy to use Web GUI and CLI provided for Zoning the storage devices. Options are provided to quickly set up simple configurations such as spreading the available storage devices across the chassis on a per disk, per-storage blade, per-adjacent disk or per adjacent storage module. These options set up simple zoning that can either be used as provided or further modified by choosing the full resource control setup option to map individual devices to individual blade modules. Some examples of the ILOM provided Web GUI for zone configuration are shown in Figure

53 Figure 31. Server modules can be zoned easily through the CMM Zoning GUI. Full SAS-2 connectivity and zoning capability between server modules and the Sun Blade Storage Module M2 is provided by the following Sun Blade 6000 NEMs: Sun Blade 6000 Virtualized Multi-Fabric 10 GbE M2 NEM Sun Blade 6000 Ethernet Switch NEM 24p 10GbE Transparent and Open Chassis and System Management Management in legacy blade platforms has typically either been lacking, or administrators have been forced into adopting unique blade or platform-specific management infrastructure. To address this issue, the Sun Blade 6000 Modular Systems provide a wide range of flexible management options. Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) The Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM) is the primary point of management for all shared chassis components and functions, providing a set of management interfaces. Each server module contains its own service processor, giving it similar remote management capabilities to other Sun servers. Through their respective Lights Out Management service processors, individual server modules provide IPMI, HTTPs, CLI (SSH), SNMP, and file transfer interfaces that are directly accessible from the Ethernet management port on the Chassis Monitoring Module (CMM). Each server module is assigned an IP address (either manually, or via DHCP) that is used for the management network. 51

54 CMM Network Functionality A single CMM module is provided with each Sun Blade 6000 Modular System, and is configured with an individual IP address assigned either statically or dynamically via DHCP. The CMM provides complete monitoring and management functionality for the chassis (or shelf) while providing access to server module management functions. In addition, the CMM supports HTTP and CLI pass-thru interfaces that provide transparent access to each server module. The CMM also provides access to each server module via a single serial port through which any of the various LOM interfaces can be configured. The CMM's management functions include: Implementation of an IPMI satellite controller, making the chassis environmental sensors visible to the server module s BMC functions Direct environmental and inventory management via CLI and IPMI interfaces CMM, ILOM, and NEM firmware management Pass-through management of blades using IPMI, SNMP, and HTTP links along with command line interface (CLI) SSH contexts The management network internal to the CMM joins the local management processor on each server module to the external management network through the passive midplane. CMM Architecture A portion of the CMM functions as an unmanaged switch dedicated exclusively to remote management network traffic, letting administrators access the remote management functions of the server modules. The switch in the CMM provides a single network interface to each of the server modules and to each of the NEMs, as well as to the service processor located on the CMM itself. Figure 32 provides an illustration and a block-level diagram of the Sun Blade 6000 CMM. Figure 32. The CMM provides a management network that connects to each server module, the two NEMS, and the CMM itself. The CMM s functionality provides various management functions, including power control of the chassis as well as hot-plug operations of infrastructure components such as power supply modules, fan modules, server modules, and NEMs. The CMM acts as a conduit to server module LOM configuration, allowing settings such as network addresses and administrative users to be configured or 52

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