Energy Proportional Datacenter Memory. Brian Neel EE6633 Fall 2012
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1 Energy Proportional Datacenter Memory Brian Neel EE6633 Fall 2012
2 Outline Background Motivation Related work DRAM properties Designs References
3 Background The Datacenter as a Computer Luiz André Barroso and Urs Hölzle
4 Motivation DRAM is a significant portion of server power The Datacenter as a Computer Luiz André Barroso and Urs Hölzle
5 Motivation DRAM is 25% of peak power at any load While server is idle DRAM is still about 13% DRAM is not energy proportional The Datacenter as a Computer Luiz André Barroso and Urs Hölzle
6 Motivation The Datacenter as a Computer Luiz André Barroso and Urs Hölzle
7 Motivation Multi-Programmed Multi-Threaded Datacenter Cache Fill B/W SPEC CPU 2006 SPEC OpenMP PARSEC Low Medium High 416.gamess, 447.dealll, 453.povray, 458.sjeng, 464.h264ref, 465.tonto, 481.wrf 400.perlbench, 401.bzip2, 403.gcc, 434.zeusmp, 435.gromacs, 436.cactusADM, 445.gobmk, 454.calculix, 456.hmmer, 473.astar 433.milc, 437.leslie3d, 450.soplex, 459.GemsFDTD, 462.libquantum, 470.lbm, 471.omnetpp, 482.sphinx3, 483.xalancbmk ammp, equake apsi, fma3d, wupwise applu, art, mgrid, swim freqmine, swaptions blackscholes, fluidanimate, streamcluster canneal Memcached, Websearch, SPECweb SPECjbb, SPECPower Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
8 Motivation Many applications have low bandwidth requirements (ex. Web search and Memcached) Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
9 Related Work "Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM" (ISCA 12) Focuses on energy proportionality and datacenter costs BOOM: enabling mobile memory based low-power server DIMMs (ISCA '12) Focuses on energy reduction, performance, and error correction Both papers show the benefits of using mobile DRAM in servers called LPDDR2 to save energy
10 DRAM Properties Technology Parameter DDR2 DDR3 LVDDR3 LPDDR LPDDR2 Operating Voltage 1.8V 1.5V 1.35V 1.8V 1.2V Operating Frequency 400MHz 800MHz 400MHz 200MHz 400MHz Typical Device Width (pins) Peak Channel Bandwidth 6.4GBps 12.8GBps 6.4GBps 3.2GBps 6.4GBps Dynamic Timing (CAS, RAS, RC) 12, 40, 55ns 15, 38, 50ns 15, 38, 50ns 12, 40, 54ns 15, 42, 57ns Active Current (read, write) 160, 160mA 180, 185mA 125, 130mA 130, 130mA 210, 175mA 111, 266mW/Gbps 70, 160 mw/gbps 110, 190 mw/gbps 110, 140 mw/gbps 40, 50 mw/gbps Energy per bit (peak, typical) Static Idle current 50, 70mA 35, 45mA 22, 32mA 3.6, 20mA 1.6, 23mA Min power-down period 84ns 90ns 90ns 20ns 20ns Power down latency 20ns 24ns 24ns 7.5ns 7.5ns Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
11 Energy Per Bit Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
12 LPDDR2 Problems LPDDR2 lacks on-die-termination and delaylocked loops Introduces reliability issues such as symbol interference Wider chips add error correction challenges More bits for data leads to less bits for ECC Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
13 System Tradeoffs Parameters Power Bandwidth Reliability Capacity Channel width DRAM width DRAM freq. BOOM: enabling mobile memory based low-power server DIMMs
14 Energy Proportional Design Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
15 Energy Proportional Design Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
16 Energy Proportional Design Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
17 Energy Proportional Design Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
18 Boom Design BOOM: enabling mobile memory based low-power server DIMMs
19 Boom Design BOOM: enabling mobile memory based low-power server DIMMs
20 Results Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM
21 Results BOOM: enabling mobile memory based low-power server DIMMs
22 References Malladi, K.T.; Nothaft, F.A.; Periyathambi, K.; Lee, B.C.; Kozyrakis, C.; Horowitz, M.;, "Towards energy-proportional datacenter memory with mobile DRAM," Computer Architecture (ISCA), th Annual International Symposium on, vol., no., pp.37-48, 9-13 June 2012 Doe Hyun Yoon; Jichuan Chang; Muralimanohar, N.; Ranganathan, P.;, "BOOM: Enabling mobile memory based low-power server DIMMs," Computer Architecture (ISCA), th Annual International Symposium on, vol., no., pp.25-36, 9-13 June 2012 Urs Hoelzle and Luiz Andre Barroso The Datacenter as a Computer: An Introduction to the Design of Warehouse-Scale Machines (1st ed.). Morgan and Claypool Publishers.
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