C-DAC HPC Trends & Activities in India. Abhishek Das Scientist & Team Leader HPC Solutions Group C-DAC Ministry of Communications & IT Govt of India

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1 C-DAC HPC Trends & Activities in India Abhishek Das Scientist & Team Leader HPC Solutions Group C-DAC Ministry of Communications & IT Govt of India

2 Presentation Outline A brief profile of C-DAC, India HPC Activities & Trends Challenges Development Areas

3 C-DAC is a premier national Research & Development organization under Ministry of Communications and IT Government of India

4 Set-up in 1988 with the explicit purpose of demonstrating India's HPC capability Since then C-DAC has been undertaking building of multiple generations of Supercomputer starting from PARAM with 1 GF in As an institution for high-end Research and Development (R&D), C-DAC has been at the forefront of the Information Technology (IT) revolution, constantly building capacities in emerging/enabling technologies and innovating and leveraging its expertise, calibre, skill sets to develop and deploy IT products and solutions for different sectors of the economy, as per the mandate of its parent, the Department of Information Technology, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, Government of India and other stakeholders including funding agencies, collaborators, users and the market-place

5 MISSION Provide leadership in comprehensive capability in HPC technologies and promote HPC as a problem solving tool in cutting edge research in Science and Engineering & grand challenge problems.

6 C-DAC Activities Science & Engineering, Strategic Sectors, Health, e-governance, Education, Power & Industrial Sector, Agriculture, Rural Areas, End-to-End Solutions Enabling Technologies HPC, Language Computing, Speech Technology, e-security, Geomatics, Ubiquitous Computing Embedded Systems, VLSI, Broadband & Wireless, Software Technologies,

7 C-DAC HPC Evolution & Roadmap PoC 100 Mbps 17 Locations Main Phase Garuda Garuda Grid Computing Social Computing with participatory approach PARAM Yuva TF PF TF 1998 PARAM Padma Viable HPC business computing environment 1994 PARAM Platform for User community to interact/ collaborate 1991 PARAM 9000 PARAM 8000 Technology Denial

8 June 1987 An Integrated Long Term Programme of Cooperation (ILTP) was signed between India and Russia in Moscow for collaboration in Science and Technology areas. Scope covers 12 thrust areas including Biotechnology and Immunology, Engineering Materials, Electronic Materials, Laser Science & Technology, Catalysis, Space Science and Technology, Physics and Technology of Accelerators, Water Prospecting, Computer and Electronics, Biomedical Science and Technology, Radio Electronics and Ocean Science and Technology, and six selected areas of basic research in science, namely Mathematics, Applied Mechanics, Earth Sciences, Radio physics, Ecology & Environment, Chemical Sciences and Biology.

9 PARAM Series. With the areas identified for research collaborations, a parallel computing system, PARAM 8000 was first installed at Institute of Computer Aided Design (ICAD), Moscow in based on the then very powerful Transputer Processor Chip. The Software dealing with Fluid Mechanics and Structural Analysis were operated and parallelized on the system.

10 National PARAM Supercomputing Facility While the need and usefulness of High performance Supercomputing in Business as well as Scientific & Engineering Applications is unquestioned and is growing rapidly, it is not economically viable to have many such facilities. C-DAC has thus established "National PARAM Supercomputing Facility (NPSF) to provide Supercomputing facility to various industries and other institutions that need such a facility to process their diverse applications. PARAM Series housed at NPSF (PARAM 10000, PARAM Anant.)

11 GRID Garuda The PARAM series of super-computers which are hosted at different geographical locations can be connected through GARUDA network GARUDA is a collaboration of science researchers and experimenters on a nation wide grid of computational nodes, mass storage and scientific instruments that aims to provide the technological advances required to enable data and compute intensive science for the 21st century. One of GARUDA s most important challenges is to strike the right balance between research and the daunting task of deploying that innovation into some of the most complex scientific and engineering endeavours being undertaken today. The Department of Information Technology (DIT), Government of India has funded the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) to deploy the nation-wide computational grid GARUDA. In Proof of Concept (PoC) phase which ended on March 2008, 17 cities across the country were connected with an aim to bring Grid networked computing to research labs and industry.

12 PARAM Padma ranked 171 The PARAM Padma Supercomputing with peak performance of 1 TF in 2002 ranked 171th position in Top 500 list

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15 India enters Supercomputing race November 2007 IBM's BlueGene/L teraflops IBM's BlueGene/P teraflops SGI Altix ICE teraflops HP Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c (EKA) teraflops HP Cluster Platform 3000 BL460c teraflops For the first time ever, India placed a system (EKA) in the Top 10. The Computational Research Laboratories, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Sons Ltd. in Pune, India

16 8 Indian supercomputers enter global top 500 list By Siliconindia News Bureau Monday, 08 December 2008 Tata Group's Eka, leading the race in the 13th rank C-DAC)'s Param supercomputer at the 68th rank Indian Institute of Science at the 213th rank Industrial research company at the 334th rank A research agency at the 428th rank IIT-Madras at the 436th position Paprikaas Interactive Services ranks at 478 These ranks were awarded by the Universities of Tennessee and Mannheim, Germany, and at NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

17 India December 2009 Summary Total of 15 entries. The performance criteria is minimum of 1.71 TFlops. First 2 in the list are also in Top 500. The average performance is & combined performance is TF. 11 of the systems are from HP, 2 from IBM, 1 from SUN, and 1 from SGI. City-wise: Bangalore - 5, Pune - 3, Chennai - 3, Delhi - 2, Mumbai -1, Hyderabad of the HPC systems are from (CDAC), proving its status as a leading high performance computing center in the nation.

18 C-DAC latest Supercomputing Facility

19 PRSG March 2010

20 PRSG March 2010

21 PARAM Yuva Compilation Nodes Compute Nodes Storage Visualization Power & Cooling SAN 1 SAN 2 Hardware Accelerator NFS Data & Management Network Hardware Management Network

22 PARAM Yuva

23 PARAM Yuva

24 Application drivers on PARAM Yuva

25 Multi-disciplinary Applications

26 First 4 TF HPC Facility at North Eastern Zone

27 Recent Trends Many Cores onto a single die Motivation is energy efficient performance More & More Hybrid Clusters Computational Nodes + Accelerators Computational Nodes + GPUs FPGA: Fixed functions, less flexible best performance/watt GPGPU: Evolving towards general purpose computing, partially/ fully programmable

28 Recent Trends RAM: Possibly magnetic RAM, faster Z RAM Closer integration between processor & memory Storage & Parallel File Systems Interconnects improvements Infiniband/ Optical/ Silicon photonics etc New programming languages

29 Challenges Application Performance Parallelism: How to Scale to 1,00,000 ways Interconnects Effective Resource Utilization Heterogeneity Application Portability and durability

30 Challenges Application check pointing/ restart /migration Scalability Power Green Components- Processors/Disks/Power supplies Avoid several voltage conversions/ Power efficient UPS Cooling Power efficient Chillers, using outside air cooling doors Limit impact of failure to a subset of the system Reliable components, Preventive maintenance and monitoring Redundancy and Failover

31 Compute building blocks Processors RAM per core GPGPU, FPGA... Operating System Virtualization Power & Cooling

32 Interconnect Bandwidth Topology Latency Protocols Fat Tree, 2D/3D Torus Hyper cube Hybrid

33 Application Development Porting and tuning Algorithm development Data partitioning and load balancing Hybrid development tools & libraries New Programming languages

34 Cluster provisioning & Management Dynamic OS Provisioning Support for Virtualization Support for Heterogeneous and Hybrid Systems Intelligent fault prediction Load balancing and migration

35 Thank You