System Engineering, IT/OT Integration and the Smart Grid. Steve Apps Pr.Eng SAIEE Associate Director EON Consulting, South Africa

Transcription

1 System Engineering, IT/OT Integration and the Smart Grid Steve Apps Pr.Eng SAIEE Associate Director EON Consulting, South Africa

2 South African grid: large and complex Line (kv) Length (km) 765 1, , , , ,276 Total 29,297

3 Traditional Power Grid Operate in Silos Generation Transmission Distribution Customer Environmental Impact Non Participation Central Bulk Power Stations Reactive Maintenance and Limited Monitoring Reliability and Availability Electricity Theft One Way Power Flow

4 Existing electrical grid power flows one way Generation Step up transformer Industrial load High voltage Step down transformer Commercial load Medium voltage Step down transformer Residential load Low voltage

5 Operational challenges Revenue impacts Ageing infrastructure Changing customer Documentation and regulation Skills shortage Complexity Engineering & IT convergence

6 MW Balancing supply against demand Typical daily national demand profile for South Africa Daily load forecast Supply tracks the forecast Frequency to be kept at 50 Hz Generation Load 24 hours Grid frequency Hz Generation Load

7 Thermal power stations Coal power stations Nuclear Gas turbines

8 Current generation capability Solar Solar Wind Wind

9 Changes to the traditional grid Two Way Power Flow Automation Instrumentation Last Mile Networks Smart Meter Smart Building Backhaul Electric Car Information Control Data Analytics

10 Technical challenges The power grid cannot be turned off Configuration and management Telecommunications infrastructure Millions of sensors Skills and training Volumes of data Data accuracy Operational processes Cost Standards and security

11 What is systems engineering? An interdisciplinary approach to enable the realization of successful systems Defines customer needs and required functionality, requirements, design synthesis & system validation while considering the complete problem Systems engineering integrates all the disciplines and specialty groups into a team effort Considers both the business and the technical needs of all customers Definition of the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE)

12 Cumulative Percentage Lifecycle Cost Committed life cycle costs against time % 80 70% 85% x500 Operations 60 x50 Test 100% 40 x Concept 8% Design 15% Develop 20% 50% Time

13 System life cycle processes Technical process Business analysis Stakeholder requirements System requirements Architecture definition Design definition System analysis Implementation process Integration Verification Transition Validation Operation Maintenance Disposal Technical management Planning Decision management Risk management Configuration management Information management Measurement Quality assurance Agreement process Acquisition process Supply process Organisational Life cycle model Infrastructure management Portfolio management Human resources Knowledge management Quality management

14 Smart Grid High Level Architecture City Interface Applications Security Asset Management Network Management Customer Services Analytics Document Management Data IT Infrastructure Asset Data Geographic Data Master Data Process Data Configuration Data Physical Integration Storage Service Bus Complex Event Processing Hardware Network System Backhaul Last Mile Software Instrumentation Transducers Actuators Meters Configuration Data Physical World Development Power Stations Renewables Substation Power Lines Environment Conditions Consumers

15 Smart Utility Breakdown Electric Vehicles SMART GRID (Real-Time) Situational Awareness Distributed Generation Analytics Big Data Analytics Advanced Customer Services Integration of Renewables Security Foundation Technology Upgrade Infrastructure Data Networks Fault Intelligence Predictive Analytics Distribution Complex Tariffs Smart Metering Process Engineering Transmission Data Management Demand Management Energy Balancing Generation Asset Health Substation Automation Asset Management Transducers & Actuators OT/IT Integration Outage Management Knowledge Management Condition Monitoring HV / MV Network Automation Real Time Accurate Data Real Time Network Visibility LV Network Automation Self Healing

16 Insights Every action has an equal an opposite reaction Keep it simple Systemic approach Don t hit a nail with a sledgehammer Target the cause of the problem, not the symptoms Keep everyone informed and involved

17 Eur Ing Steve Apps CEng Pr.Eng MIET MSAIEE Associate Director EON Consulting

18 ADDITIONAL SLIDES

19 Competing standards and platforms proliferate Open Internet Consortium Industrial Internet Consortium AllSeen Alliance Thread Group Helps devices across platforms and Oss communicate with one another 50 members including: Focuses on bringing together the technologies necessary to facilitate the growth of the Industrial Internet 100+ members including: Focuses on driving the adoption of products, systems and services that support the Internet of Things 100+ members including: Helps products within the home connect with one another 50+ members including: Siemens HP IBM GE Qualcomm Cisco Samsung ARM Intel Atmel Intel Samsung Microsoft Sony Tyco Nest Samsung GE AT&T Panasonic LG Freescale Silicon Labs Cisco Dell Haier Sharp Big Ass Fans Honeywell ADT Electrolux Technicolor MediaTek

20 Solar power 1 Difficult to predict 2 Does not coincide with peak demand Hourly PV production for Dec 2014 Peak demand 3 Cloud cover prediction required Steeper rates of change 4 5 Energy storage expensive

21 Wind power 1 Limited supply during peak demand Hourly wind production for Dec 2014 Extremely Difficult to predict 2 Peak demand 3 Weather prediction required Difficult to harness efficiently 4 5 Energy Storage Expensive Large areas of land required 6

22 PV solar power plants

23 Wind power plants

24 NIST transmission domain

25 NIST customer domain

26 NIST service provider domain

27 NIST operations domain

28 NIST market domain