Energy efficient lighting

Transcription

1 Energy efficient lighting A compendium of global energy efficiency regulations and programs for lighting products White paper Abstract As new, more energy-efficient lighting technologies move into the mainstream, major jurisdictions around the world are implementing voluntary and mandatory regulations setting minimum energy efficiency requirements for various categories of lighting products. In addition, voluntary programs have created incentives for manufacturers to introduce even more energy-efficient lighting products. This white paper provides a summary of key regulations and voluntary programs addressing energy-efficient lighting products. TÜV SÜD

2 Contents INTRODUCTION 3 EU DIRECTIVES ADDRESSING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN LIGHTING PRODUCTS 4 VOLUNTARY ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 5 ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING REGULATIONS AND PROGRAMS IN CANADA 6 ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING REGULATIONS AND PROGRAMS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 8 ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS IN KOREA 10 JAPAN S TOP RUNNER PROGRAM FOR ENERGY-USING PRODUCTS 11 CHINA S ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM 12 REQUIREMENTS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY LIGHTING IN MEXICO 12 CONSIDERATIONS FOR MANUFACTURERS OF LIGHTING PRODUCTS 13 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 14 About the TÜV SÜD experts Jason Chesley Sales Manager, Energy Efficiency and ENERGY STAR services, TÜV SÜD America Jason Chesley is the sales manager for energy efficiency and ENERGY STAR services at TÜV SÜD America s Energy Efficiency Centre of Excellence, and has over twenty years of experience in the testing and certification industry. Prior to joining TÜV SÜD in 2011, Chesley served strategic accounts for the CSA Group and Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Knut Boettcher Global Senior Project Specialist, Product Energy services, TÜV SÜD China Knut Boettcher is the global senior project specialist for product energy services for products at TÜV SÜD China, and has more than twenty years of experience in product testing, certification, as well as test laboratory establishment and operation. Boettcher is also a member of and technical advisor to the IECEE s WG2c. 2 Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

3 Introduction Lighting products are responsible for almost 20% of global energy consumption, and account for approximately 6% of CO 2 emissions worldwide, according the United Nations Environment Programme. m [1] Phasing out inefficient lighting technologies in favour of more energy efficient lighting products can not only reduce carbon emissions but also help slow demand for energy in general. Several major economies around the world have already adopted regulations that mandate minimum energy efficiency requirements for lighting products, thereby speeding up the removal of less efficient lighting products from the market. At the same time, a host of voluntary certification and labelling programs enable consumers to identify and choose the most energy-efficient lighting products consistent with their needs. These regulations and voluntary programs are being continuously updated to reflect the introduction of newer lighting technologies that promise even greater energy efficiency. This TÜV SÜD white paper provides a summary of key regulations and voluntary compliance programs in the European Union (EU) and other international markets addressing the energy efficiency of lighting products. A companion white paper, A Compendium of U.S. Energy Efficiency Programs for Lighting Products, provides a comparable summary of energy efficiency programs applicable to lighting products sold in the United States. The white paper is intended for manufacturers, distributors and retailers of lighting products. Phasing out inefficient lighting technologies in favour of more energy efficient lighting products can not only reduce carbon emissions but also help slow demand for energy in general. TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 3

4 EU directives addressing energy efficiency in lighting products Directive 2009/125/EC, also known as the EcoDesign Directive, is the primary regulatory instrument in the EU regarding all energy-using products, including lighting products. Implemented in 2009, the EcoDesign Directive establishes a broad framework for the development of product-specific design requirements, with the goal of reducing overall energy consumption within the EU. More than 40 separate product groups are covered under the Directive, which reportedly account for approximately 40% of all greenhouse gas emissions generated in the EU. [2] The regulatory framework detailed in the EcoDesign Directive is complemented by a second EU Directive, 2010/30/EU, known as the Energy Label Directive. Similar in approach to the EcoDesign Directive, the Energy Label Directive provides a framework for requirements regarding labelling and other means of providing end-users with product-specific energy consumption information. [3] Taken together, the EcoDesign Directive and the Energy Label Directive establish minimum efficiency criteria for most major categories of energy-using products. Operating within the framework established by these two Directives, the EU Commission has issued a number of implementing Regulations that detail specific design and labelling requirements for individual product groups, as well as the specific conformity assessment process. For lighting products, applicable Implementing Regulations are detailed in Figure 1. FIGURE 1: IMPLEMENTING REGULATIONS IN THE EU FOR VARIOUS LIGHTING PRODUCT TYPES Lamp Type Products EcoDesign Energy Labelling Directional and LEDs Directional lamps, lightemitting diode lamps and related equipment (EU) No. 1194/2012 (EU) No. 874/2012 Household Non-directional household lamps (EC) No. 244/2009 (EC) No. 859/2009 (EU) No. 874/2012 Fluorescent Fluorescent lamps without integrated ballasts, for high intensity discharge lamps, and for ballasts and luminaires able to operate such lamps (EC) No. 245/2009 (EU) No. 347/2010 (EU) No. 874/2012 Others Lamp control gear and control devices (EC) No. 1194/2012 Others Luminaires (EC) No. 1194/2012 (EU) No. 874/ Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

5 Voluntary energy efficiency programs in the European Union In addition to the EcoDesign and Energy Label Directives, there are a number of voluntary programs within the EU intended to increase the use of energy-efficient lighting products and reduce overall energy consumption. These voluntary programs include the programs discussed in the following sections. EU Ecolabel The EU s Ecolabel Program is a voluntary product certification scheme recognised throughout the EU. The goal of the program is to assist consumers in identifying products that achieve the highest levels of energy efficiency (typically the top 20% of products in a given category). The Ecolabel program offers manufacturers certification for products in 28 separate categories, with more than 17,000 EU Ecolabel products currently on the market. For energy-efficient lighting products, manufacturers can seek Ecolabel certification for light bulbs that: Have a life span of at least 10,000 hours. Provide at least 70% of original light after 10,000 hours of use. Consume one fifth the electricity of a comparable incandescent bulb. Do not flicker when switched on. Contain little or no mercury. Use packaging composed of at least 65% recycled materials. Products submitted for inclusion in the Ecolabel program are evaluated by an EU-approved Competent Body, which awards the Ecolabel to those products that meet the applicable criteria. Further information about the EU Ecolabel program is available at ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/ eu-ecolabel-for-businesses.html. A publically-accessible database of Ecolabel-qualified products is available at The goal of the program is to assist consumers in identifying products that achieve the highest levels of energy efficiency (typically the top 20% of products in a given category). Green Public Procurement The EU Commission has also encouraged the selection of environmentally-preferable products, including lighting products, in the public procurement process of EU member states. In its Communication Public procurement for a better Environment (COM (2008) 400), the Commission called for the adoption of common selection criteria in the public procurement of green products, and has developed 19 common green product procurement (GPP) criteria, including criteria for street lighting and traffic signals. Work is currently underway on the development of GPP/ Ecolabel criteria for office lighting products, with completion expected in mid [4] More information about the EU s GPP program is available at the GPP website at environment/gpp/index_en.htm. TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 5

6 Energy Saving Trust (U.K.) Based in the United Kingdom, the Energy Saving Trust (EST) operates a voluntary product certification scheme for energy-saving products in a variety of categories. Lighting products that fall under the scope of the EST scheme include compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), halogen bulbs and LED lamps and luminaires. Specific technical requirements are contained in various EST lamp specifications, and compliance with the requirements must be verified through the submittal of an independent third-party test report. Products certified by the EST are listed in a publically-available database of recommended products. Additional information about the EST Scheme and the requirements for lighting products is available at the Product certification page of the Energy Saving Trust website, www. energysavingtrust.org.uk/take- action/find-energy-saving-trust- Recommended-products. Energy efficient lighting regulations and programs in Canada Canada s approach to energy efficient lighting also includes mandatory regulations and voluntary programs, as discussed in the following sections. Energy Efficiency Regulations Canada s Energy Efficiency Regulations establish energy efficiency requirements for a broad range of energy-using products manufactured, imported or sold in Canada, including household appliances, and heating and ventilation equipment. Lighting products covered by the Regulations include general service lamps, CFLs, fluorescent lamps and lamp ballasts, incandescent reflector lamps, and torchiere lamps. Energy efficiency requirements for specific categories of products are detailed in Schedule 1 of the Regulations and are subject to period amendments. Manufacturers and importers must obtain independent verification that their products meet the applicable energy efficiency requirements from a certification body accredited by the Standards Council of Canada for energy efficiency verification, prior to filing an energy efficiency report with National Resources Canada (NRCan), the responsible regulatory authority. All regulated lighting products manufactured, imported or sold in Canada must bear the energy efficiency verification mark of the accredited certification body. Certain types of lighting products must also bear a lighting product label that includes information on light output, energy use, and expected product life. [5] Additional information about Canada s Energy Efficiency Regulations as they apply to lighting products is available at the Introduction to the Regulations page of the NRCan website, regulations/ Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

7 Canada ENERGY STAR Program In addition to its Energy Efficiency Regulations, Canada s voluntary ENERGY STAR testing and labelling program provides a mechanism to help consumers identify energy-using products offering the highest levels of energy efficiency performance. Lighting products eligible for inclusion in Canada s ENERGY STAR program include CFLs, LED lamps and luminaires, decorative light strings, and lighting fixtures. Energy utilities in certain Canadian provinces also offer rebates on ENERGY STAR-qualified lighting products. Manufacturers seeking Canada s ENERGY STAR recognition of their lighting products should first submit samples to a U.S. EPA-recognised laboratory for testing to applicable ENERGY STAR specifications, and have testing results reviewed and verified by an EPA-recognised certification body. Once a product has received ENERGY STAR recognition in the U.S., a manufacturer can then file an application to NRCan for review and approval, and then use the ENERGY STAR label in connection with the sale of that product in Canada. Further details about Canada s ENERGY STAR program are available at the NRCan website at manufacturers/2189. TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 7

8 Energy efficient lighting regulations and programs in Australia and New Zealand Similar to the EU and Canada, Australia and New Zealand maintain both mandatory requirements and voluntary programs for energy-using products, as described in the following sections. Minimum energy performance standards Regulators in Australia and New Zealand have established common minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) and labelling requirements for multiple categories of energy-using equipment, including lighting products. MEPS and labelling requirements for specific types of lighting products are presented in Figure 2. FIGURE 2: TEST METHODS AND MEPS/LABELLING STANDARDS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND Lighting Products Test Methods MEPS/Labelling Transformers & converters for halogen AS/NZS AS/NZS Fluorescent lamp ballasts AS/NZS : 2001 AS/NZS : 2002 Linear fluorescent lamps AN/NZS : 2004 (IEC 60081) AS/NZS : 2004 and amendments Self-ballasted CFLs AS/NZS : 2010 AS/NZS : 2010 and amendments Incandescent lamps AS/NZS : 2008 and amendments AS/NZS : 2011 Manufacturers, importers and suppliers of energy-using products that are regulated for their energy efficiency are required to verify the energy performance of their product through product testing, and to register their product. Although testing by an independent testing laboratory is encouraged, manufacturers may conduct testing in their own testing laboratories. However, regardless of the testing option selected, manufacturers must be in possession of a full energy performance laboratory test report, and may be required to submit this report in conjunction with the registration process. Lighting products that meet the requirements of applicable MEPS and are registered in Australia are considered registered in New Zealand under the New Zealand Energy 8 Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

9 Efficiency (Energy using Products) Regulation 2002, and can be legally sold there without further action. Although New Zealand product registration is not recognised in Australia, products meeting New Zealand legal requirements may be sold in Australia without requiring Australian registration, as long as the product was imported into Australia from New Zealand. Further information about the registration process for energyusing products in Australia and New Zealand is available at the Equipment Energy Efficiency website (a joint initiative of Australia and New Zealand), regulations/regulatory-reqs/legalobligations-for-manufacturers-andimporters/. ENERGY STAR Programs in Australia and New Zealand Operated by the country s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority, New Zealand s ENERGY STAR program is similar in scope and intent to other national ENERGY STAR programs. Under the New Zealand program, the ENERGY STAR mark is awarded to the top 25% of the most energy efficient products in a given product category. Lighting products currently eligible for ENERGY STAR qualification in New Zealand include CFLs, LEDs and luminaires. More details about New Zealand s ENERGY STAR program are available at www. energywise.govt.nz/ratings-andlabels/energy-star. Australia operates as a partner to the U.S. ENERGY STAR program. However, the product scope of the program in Australia is currently limited to office equipment and consumer electronics, and lighting products are not covered. TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 9

10 Energy efficient lighting requirements in Korea In Korea, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE), in partnership with the Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO), has established an energy efficiency label and standard program for a range of energy-using products. Individual product standards set mandatory MEPs for incandescent bulbs (Korean Standard C 7501), fluorescent lamps (Korean Standard C7601), and fluorescent lamp ballasts (Korean Standards C 8100 and C8102). Compliance with mandatory MEPs is validated through product testing, and lighting products are graded on a scale from 1 to 5, with 1 being the most energy efficient. An energy efficiency label indicating a product s energy consumption grade must be placed on the product, or on the product packaging if product labelling is not feasible. Additional details about the Korea s energy efficient label and standard program are available at or.kr/new_eng/pg02/pg asp. 10 Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

11 Japan s Top Runner Program for energy-using products Japan s Top Runner program for energy-using products is a voluntary program organised and operated by Agency for Natural Resources and Energy under Japan s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). In the area of lighting products, the Top Runner program currently sets target efficiency values for fluorescent lamps and luminaires. Similar to the U.S. ENERGY STAR program, Japan s Top Runner program evaluates products against a maximum standard value system, which sets targets based on the value of the most energy-efficient products then on the market. As product standards are revised to reflect the use of more efficient technologies, target efficiency values can be expected to increase, contributing to even greater levels of energy efficiency over time. The METI brochure, Top Runner Program: Developing the World s Best Energy-Efficient Appliances, provides more information about the Top Runner program, and is available at saveenergy/toprunner en.pdf. TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 11

12 China s Energy Conservation Program China has both mandatory and voluntary energy efficiency labelling requirements that are applicable to a broad range of energy-using products. At present, the mandatory labelling program, run by the China Energy Label Center ( gov.cn), does not include lighting products. However, the voluntary labelling program, the China Energy Conservation Program (CECP), covers more than 90 separate product categories, including a number of lighting products and components used in residential, commercial and industrial settings. Manufacturers seeking voluntary certification under the CECP must submit product samples for assessment and testing by an accredited testing laboratory, and also permit inspectors to conduct a factory audit. Certified products are authorised to display the Energy Conservation Certification Mark, are listed in a publicly-accessible database. Further information about the CECP is available at former/englishhtml/cecp.asp. Requirements for energy efficiency lighting in Mexico In Mexico, the National Commission for Efficient Energy Use (CONUEE) is responsible for enacting mandatory standards regarding energy efficiency under that country s 2008 Law for Sustainable Use of Energy. Currently, CONUEE requires that manufacturers of nearly 200 different types of energy-using equipment and devices, including certain types of lighting products, provide consumers with specific information regarding their products energy consumption. At a minimum, manufacturers must provide the following information in a manner that is clearly visible to consumers: Unit of energy consumption for operating time. Unit of energy consumption in standby mode (if applicable). The quantity of product or service offered by the equipment or device per unit of energy consumed (if applicable). Mexico is also reportedly developing a voluntary certification program for energy-efficient products, processes and services. More information about CONUEE s labelling requirements for energyusing equipment is available at Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

13 Considerations for manufacturers of lighting products As this white paper illustrates, regulations applicable to energy efficient lighting products can differ significantly from country to country. While there are similarities in the regulatory framework utilised, there are differences and subtle variations in the conformity assessment process. That process is further complicated by the lack of international harmonised standards for energy-efficient lighting products. Although efforts are underway to address this challenge, lighting product manufacturers will have to contend with meeting individual national requirements for the foreseeable future. On the other hand, voluntary programs such as the ENERGY STAR program and national implementations based on the ENERGY STAR framework focus attention on the most energyefficient products in their respective categories, rewarding best in class energy performance with broad exposure and instant recognition by buyers. Manufacturers whose products achieve ENERGY STAR recognition clearly differentiate their offerings with procurement specialists, corporate buyers and consumers, providing important advantages in a competitive marketplace. Lighting product manufacturers seeking to achieve global acceptance for their products would be well served to develop a formal compliance strategy that accounts for the individual regulatory approaches and requirements of targeted countries, as well as the potential opportunities provided by voluntary energy efficiency programs. An independent advisor with extensive experience in the specific requirements applicable to lighting products in multiple jurisdictions can help create an approval path that minimises duplicate testing, provides opportunities for expanded distribution, and speeds up the introduction of new products to the market. ACHIEVING GLOBAL MARKET ACCESS FOR LIGHTING PRODUCTS Minimum requirements Qualification of best in class products CE mark TÜV SÜD mark MEPS ENERGY STAR Energy Label EU EcoLabel TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 13

14 Summary and conclusion The introduction of more efficient lighting technologies has resulted in considerable energy savings around the world. But, while new lighting technologies offer manufacturers opportunities for growth, they also create ever-changing regulatory compliance challenges. National frameworks are generally similar, but they rely on different standards, and harmonised standards do not yet exist. Manufacturers can navigate these challenges by developing a regulatory compliance strategy that can reduce testing time and bring new products to market more quickly. Body for the ENERGY STAR program and an approved testing laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy s LED Lighting Facts program, and is recognised as a National Certification Body (NCB) and a Certification Body Testing Laboratory (CBTL) under the IECEE CB Scheme. TÜV SÜD s global Energy Efficiency Centres of Excellence are equipped to test and certify lighting products to worldwide energy efficiency requirements and standards. These capabilities make TÜV SÜD a single source for all energy efficient lighting testing and certification services. accreditations in the EU, the Americas, the Middle East and Asia. By delivering world-class solutions to customers, TÜV SÜD adds tangible value to businesses, consumers and the environment. TÜV SÜD is a U.S. EPA-recognised Testing Laboratory and Certification Represented in over 800 locations worldwide, TÜV SÜD holds 14 Energy efficient lighting TÜV SÜD

15 GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS CBTL certification body testing laboratory CECP china energy conservation program CFL compact fluorescent lamp CONUEE national commission for efficient energy use EST energy saving trust EU european union GPP green product procurement KEMCO korea energy management corporation MEPS minimum energy performance standards METI ministry of economy, trade and industry MKE ministry of knowledge economy NCB national certification body NRCan national resources canada FOOTNOTES [1] The Rapid Transition to Energy Efficient Lighting: An Integrated Policy Approach, The United Nations Environment Programme/Global Environment Facility, 2013, accessed November 2, 2013, publications/en.lighten%20brochure%20pdf.pdf [2] Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energyrelated products, Official Journal of the European Union, October 31, 2009, accessed November 2, 2013, :0010:0035:en:PDF [3] Directive 2010/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the indication by labelling and standard product information of the consumption of energy and other resources by energy-related products, Official Journal of the European Union, June 18, 2010, accessed November 2, 2013, LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:153:0001:0012:en:PDF [4] EU GPP Criteria for Indoor Lighting, European Commission, 2012, environment/gpp/pdf/criteria/indoor_lighting.pdf [5] Lighting Products, Natural Resources Canada, last updated August 27, 2009, accessed November 3, 2013, COPYRIGHT NOTICE The information contained in this document represents the current view of TÜV SÜD on the issues discussed as of the date of publication. Because TÜV SÜD must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of TÜV SÜD, and TÜV SÜD cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information presented after the date of publication. This White Paper is for informational purposes only. TÜV SÜD makes no warranties, express, implied or statutory, as to the information in this document. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. Without limiting the rights under copyright, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), or for any purpose, without the express written permission of TÜV SÜD. TÜV SÜD may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from TÜV SÜD, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property. ANY REPRODUCTION, ADAPTATION OR TRANSLATION OF THIS DOCUMENT WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION IS PROHIBITED, EXCEPT AS ALLOWED UNDER THE COPYRIGHT LAWS. TÜV SÜD Group 2014 All rights reserved - TÜV SÜD is a registered trademark of TÜV SÜD Group. DISCLAIMER All reasonable measures have been taken to ensure the quality, reliability, and accuracy of the information in the content. However, TÜV SÜD is not responsible for the third-party content contained in this newsletter. TÜV SÜD makes no warranties or representations, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of information contained in this newsletter. This newsletter is intended to provide general information on a particular subject or subjects and is not an exhaustive treatment of such subject(s). Accordingly, the information in this newsletter is not intended to constitute consulting or professional advice or services. If you are seeking advice on any matters relating to information in this newsletter, you should where appropriate contact us directly with your specific query or seek advice from qualified professional people. The information contained in this newsletter may not be copied, quoted, or referred to in any other publication or materials without the prior written consent of TÜV SÜD. All rights reserved 2014 TÜV SÜD. TÜV SÜD Energy efficient lighting 15

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