KHAIRUL EDZUAN ADHA BIN KAMARUDIN

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1 raf Appropriate selection of an insulator for 275KV transmission line 1 Khairul Edzuan Adha Kamarudin. APPROPRIATE SELECTION OF AN INSULATOR FOR 275KV TRANSMISSION LINE KHAIRUL EDZUAN ADHA BIN KAMARUDIN 11 MARCH 2005

2 APPROVAL "Sayalkami akui b$awa saya telah membaca karya ini pada pandangan sayalkami karya ini adalah memadai dari skop dan kualiti untuk tujuan penanugerahan ijazah Srujana Muda Kejuruteraan Elektrik (Kuasa Industri)." T andatangan : ~..'?.. ~... ~ ~. k::.:;:.;"-:-:-f:~:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-- Nama Penyelia : J.-:{.lJ.,.{?.f:../1..c'!!f/~.. I!J-.H.P..!H/-fJ1. 3P.... Tarikh: f. tf.jo.3.f~ ~

3 APPROPRIATE SELECTION OF AN INSULATOR FOR 275KV TRANSMISSION LINE KHAIRUL EDZUAN ADHA BIN KAMARUDIN This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of Requirements For The Degree of Bachelor In Electrical Engineering (Power Industry) FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA 9MARCH2005

4 11 ACQUISITION "Saya mengakui laporan ini. adalah basil kerja saya sendiri kecuali ringkasan dan petikan yang tiap-tiap satunya saya jelaskan sumbemya." _/()JYJ ) Tandatangan: ~ Nama Penulis: ~ll" IH\ ~g- ~?.-:l~trf'!. ~~ - -~---0~J?Jt1D/H Tarikh :.tf./ P..?../~ ~!.7.'

5 111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Alhamdulillah, thank you to Allah S.W.T for giving me a good health and spirit to finish my final year project. I would like to acknowledge the contribution of a number of people, who have volunteered many hours of their time in assisting both the design and the construction of this final year project. I am particularly grateful to Dr Musse Muhamud Ahmed, Mohd Najid Bin Mahmood, Mohd Hafiz Bin Abdul Rahman, Mohd Faiz Bin Ahmad, Mohd Najib Bin Yusof, Mohd Nasron Bin Mat, Mr Syukri Bin Saidin for their commitment to contribute whatever was asked of them and to share love through their dedication. I'd also like to thank Mr. Mohd Piah and Dr Musse for being instrumental in not only providing the materials for the content of the project, but also invaluable suggestions and the editing of the posted documents. The establishment of this final year project in such a timely manner would not have been possible without the support and generosity of Mr. Kamil, a C++ Programming Trainer, who provided the information abotit the C++ program, initial structure, graphics and suitable data for this project. Special thanks goes to Dr. Musse, the supervisor of the final year project for his stimulating ideas for giving an advise for my project and Mr Hafiz as my teammate under Dr Musse supervise Many of you have offered prayers and provided materials and suggestions for the project as well. I am deeply value your contribution. The development of this project has demonstrated that a great effort is required. It can only be accomplished by a team of people who have given me a great support. May we always remember the reason for our work and let glory and honor be to Allah.

6 IV Project Abstract Rapid urbanization and industrization in Malaysia over last two decades has resulted in increased demand for reliable electric power. The reliability in turn is greatly influenced by the grid system and its components being properly maintained. One of the important components is the high voltage insulators used in the overhead lines, substations and power stations. The main objective of this project is to select an appropriate insulator for 275kV Transmission Line. In order to select the appropriate insulator, the flashover mechanism, hydrophobicity characteristic and aging of various kinds of insulators that involve in 275kV transmission line will be investigated. Every insulator will be analyzed with detail observation. All the characteristics of each insulator will be recorded and the suitable one will be selected. Design of275kv insulator of transmission line has always been restricted by limited choice of material and closely linked to the development of manufacturing process. Introducing the new designs of insulator has often been complicated. However, the types of insulators that have been used in high voltage transmission line are porcelain, glass, non-ceramic and silicone rubber Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)

7 v Abstrak Projek Kepesatan pembangunan dan industri di Malaysia dalam tempoh dua dekad yang lepas telah memperlihatkan peningkatan dalam permintaan untuk kuasa elektrik. Keboleh harapan ini adalah factor yang dipengaruhi dari system grid dan komponen-komponen yang diselenggarakan. Salah satu komponen yang penting di dalam talian penghantaran kuasa adalah penebat voltan tinggi yang digunapakai pada talian atasan, stesen sub dan stesen kuasa.. Matlamat utama projek ini adalah untuk memilih penebat yang bersesuaian dengan talian penghantaran 275kV. Dalam menetapkan penebat yang sesuai, mekanisme voltan lampau, karekteristik ketelapan air dan juga factor ketahanan bagi pelbagai jenis penebat yang terlibat dalam talian penghantaran 275kV akan diselidik. Setiap cirri-ciri penebat akan direkod dan penebat yang sesuai akan dipilih. Merekabentuk penebat bagi talian penghantaran 275kV selalunya menjadi begitu terhad berikutan kekurangan pilihan terhadap bahan-bahan asasnya dan juga ketiadaan teknologi dari segi proses pembuatannya. Memperkenalkan rekabentuk penebat yang baru merupakan tugas yang sukar. Walaubagaimanapun, masih terdapat lagi jenis penebat lain yang biasa digunakan dalam talian penghantaran voltan tinggi seperti tanah liat, kaca, bahan bukan serarnik dan juga getah silikon Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)

SMART BODY MONITORING SYSTEM MOHAMAD KASYFUL AZIM BIN AHMAD

SMART BODY MONITORING SYSTEM MOHAMAD KASYFUL AZIM BIN AHMAD This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Electronic Engineering (Computer Engineering)