Regional and subregional approaches to the Digital Economy: Lessons from Asia-Pacific and Latin America

Transcription

1 Regional and subregional approaches to the Digital Economy: Lessons from Asia-Pacific and Latin America CLT Cartagena, 21 June 217 Elena Scaramuzzi - Cullen International

2 216 comparison digital strategies in Latin America and the EU possible roadmap for Latin America 217 digital economy approaches in other regions and subregions regional partnerships involving Latin American countries approach to ICTs, and what can we learn from these partnerships

3 Source: Cullen International 217 Regional and sub-regional partnerships involving at least one Latin American country

4 GDP growth and ICT development vary, between and within partnerships Source: Cullen International 217, based on ITU, IMF 216. Note: Venezuela: GDP growth: -15.9%.

5 B2C e-commerce generated sales for US$2.2 trillion globally TOP 1 COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF B2C E-COMMERCE SALES 215 China 14.8% USA UK 2.8% 2.9% 3.2% 5.% 1.% 1.1% 1.6% 7.7% 33.7% Japan France Germany South Korea Canada India 26.2% Russia Rest of the World Source: Cullen International 217, based on UNCTAD, e-commerce foundation 216

6 Growing online pop, e-buyers, per-capita purchases Source: Cullen International based on UNCTAD, e-commerce foundation 216

7 National vs. regional priorities TTP APEC Mesoamerica Project Mercosur SICA Pacific Alliance ARG BRS NIC PAN COL MEX CHL USA CHN Networks connectivity & accessibility Data protection Cybersecurity Innovation, AI, IoT E-commerce (trust, e- payments ) Source: Cullen International

8 Regional integration: an assessment Consensus potential Digital agenda Balance Governance and organisation Economic complementarities Compatibilities

9 Consensus potential ICT focus Balance.5 1 Governance & organisation APEC Complementarities Different characteristics ICT focus Governance & organisation SICA Consensus potential Balance Complementarities ICT focus Governance & organisation Mesoamerica Project Consensus potential Balance Complementarities Political, social compatibility Political, social compatibility Political, social compatibility Mercosur Pacific Alliance TPP ICT focus Consensus potential Balance ICT focus Consensus potential Balance ICT focus Consensus potential Balance Governance & organisation Complementarities Governance & organisation Complementaritie s Governance & organisation Complementarities Political, social compatibility Political, social compatibility Political, social compatibility Source: Cullen International, 217

10 Digital agendas: focus and priorities Mesoamerica Project networks = information exchange 2 = pilots 3 = common vision 4 = strategy in action strategy/reg. frameworks innovation, R&D standards & interoperability e-commerce data protection & security Source: Cullen International 217

11 Digital agendas: focus and priorities Mesoamerica Project APEC networks = information exchange 2 = pilots 3 = common vision 4 = strategy in action strategy/reg. frameworks innovation, R&D standards & interoperability e-commerce data protection & security Source: Cullen International 217

12 Digital agendas: focus and priorities Mesoamerica Project APEC Pacific Alliance networks strategy/reg. frameworks 1 = information exchange = pilots 1 3 = common vision.5 4 = strategy in action innovation, R&D standards & interoperability e-commerce data protection & security Source: Cullen International 217

13 Digital agendas: focus and priorities Mesoamerica Project APEC Pacific Alliance Mercosur networks strategy/reg. frameworks 1 = information exchange = pilots 1 3 = common vision.5 4 = strategy in action innovation, R&D standards & interoperability e-commerce data protection & security Source: Cullen International 217

14 Digital agendas: focus and priorities 1 = information exchange 2 = pilots 3 = common vision 4 = strategy in action APEC Mesoamerica Project Pacific Alliance Mercosur TPP strategy/reg. frameworks networks innovation, R&D standards & interoperability e-commerce data protection & security Source: Cullen International 217

15 APEC decision making on ICT Agendas (1/2) Proposing the policy agenda Ministerial Meetings (foreign and economic/trade ministers) Sectoral Ministerial Meetings APEC Business Advisory Council Setting the policy agenda Annual Economic Leaders Meeting Decisions made by consensus Implementing policies Committees related to ICTs: Trade and Investment Economic and Technical Cooperation (e.g. TEL, ISTWG) + Ad Hoc Group on Internet Economy Committees have several Working Groups and report to ministers. Working groups implement projects proposed by any Member Economy Source: Cullen International 217

16 Digital plans and relevant initiatives (2/2) Topic Sponsoring forum Description Telecoms Action Plan 22 TEL WG Connectivity, access to broadband, digital literacy, critical infrastructure, security, development of new industries (use of sensor networks, smart grids, big data and data analytics, digital identity). APEC Privacy Framework of 24 and Cross Border Privacy Rules System (CBPR) IPR Agenda Policy Partnership on Science, Technology and Innovation (PPSTI) Source: Cullen International 217 Electronic Commerce steering group (ECSG) Intellectual Property Rights Experts' Group (IPEG) Industrial Science and Technology Working Group (ISTWG) The framework leaves flexibility to member economies as regards enforcement of the rules. CBPR establishes the privacy policies and practices of companies operating in APEC are assessed and certified by a third party verifier. Ensure that the principles contained in the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) are fully implemented by APEC s members. Adoption of model guidelines for copyright protection. PPSTI Strategic Plan supports science and technology cooperation and includes innovation policy recommendations in APEC through collaboration between government, academia, private sector and other APEC fora.

17 Lessons learned? National vs. regional priorities (ITU, CEPAL, CAF, OAS, trade partnerships) No standard approach to regional integration Main goals Participating country priorities and incentives Leadership and gradual integration processes Governance, decision making, funding mechanisms Possible areas of improvement Regional connectivity - Most are supply-driven projects Monitoring & Evaluation Role of private sector Role of regulation and standardisation Share efforts on R&D and Innovation (IoT, cloud, cybersecurity, privacy and data protection) Cross border B2C e-commerce - Analyse demand and supply Harmonise consumer protection rules Improve e-commerce ecosystems trust, e-payments, delivery, taxation

18 THANK YOU!