ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE

Transcription

1 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE Rob Stephen President Cigre AFSEC conference March 2017

2 CIGRE Founded in 1921, CIGRE, the Council on Large Electric Systems, Our Mission:To be the world s foremost collaborative technical reference organization for all aspects of electric power systems Our vision: To be universally recognised as the leading global organisation for all aspects of electric power systems

3 CIGRE s technical activities split into 16 Study Committees. Approximately 230 Working Groups are constantly operating, grouping together over 3800 experts within the electric energy sector from all over the world, who are ideally positioned to express the views of industry and academia.

4 STUDY COMMITTEES D2 NEW MATERIAL S & IT EQUIPMENT A1 D1 C3 16 STUDY COMMITTEES A3 A2 C2 C1 SYSTEMS TECHNO LOGIES B1 B2 C4 C5 C6 B4 B5 B3

5 The purpose of modern power systems is to supply electric energy satisfaying the following conflicting requirements: High reliability and security of supply Most economic solution Best environmental protection

6 CHALLENGES Policies for lower carbon, renewable energy sources (RES), efficient energy use Integration of RES and distributed generation (DG) into the grids Increased customer participation and new needs for distribution grids Progress in technology including ICT End-of-life grid renewal (ageing assets) Methods to connect remote areas with no electricity Market design and regulatory mechanisms for an equitable, cost-effective transformation Environmental compliance and sustainability

7 GRID MODELS 1. Increasing importance of large networks for bulk transmission capable of interconnecting load regions and large centralized renewable generation resources including offshore, to provide more interconnections between countries and energy markets. 2. The emergence of clusters of small, largely self-contained distribution networks which include decentralized local generation, energy storage and active customer participation intelligently managed so that they are operated as active networks providing local active and reactive support. The best future will likely have a mix of the two models. 10 issues drive the transformation, and Cigré contributes strongly to them.

8

9 1 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS 6 NEW CONCEPTS FOR PROTECTION 2 MASSIVE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION 7 NEW CONCEPTS IN PLANNING 3 INTEGRATION OF HVDC/POWER ELECTRONICS 8 NEW TOOLS FOR TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE 4 MASSIVE INSTALLATION OF STORAGE 9 INCREASE OF UNDERGROUND INFRASTRUCTURE 5 NEW SYSTEMS OPERATIONS /CONTROLS NEED FOR STAKEHOLDER 10 AWARENESS

10 1 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS SC C6 SC C3 SC C4 SC C5 SC B1 Key Cigré work on: Distribution level needs more smartness Massive penetration of smaller units imposes the need for their control and coordination Smart metering massive implementation Evolution of markets and regulation Novel distribution network architectures Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants Solutions for remote micro grid connections Connection of remote areas with no access to electricity SC B2 SC C1

11 2 MASSIVE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION SC B5 SC C6 SC D2 Key Cigré work on: New architecture of the whole system for system operation, protection What data must be exchanged and with what kind of requirements (volume, frequency, availability, security, etc.) Big Data massive data exchange In addition: Disaster recovery and restoration plans Cyber security and access control

12 3 INTEGRATION OF HVDC / POWER ELECTRONICS (PE) SC B1 SC B4 SC B2 SC C4 SC C6 Key Cigré work on: HVDC and Power electronics (PE) may create harmonic distortion managed with ac and dc harmonic filtering Fault behaviour Network performance needs to be carefully studied, with appropriate models of the HVDC and PE systems HVDC Grids LV DC grids The penetration of power electronics at medium and low voltage levels SC C1

13 4 MASSIVE INSTALLATION OF STORAGE SC C6 SC C4 SC C1 Key Cigré work on: Modeling for steady state and dynamic simulations. Management for storage Sizing of storage devices Co-operation with RES for hybrid systems Management in autonomous power systems Ability to reduce peaks Co-operation with DSM Frequency control

14 5 NEW SYSTEMS OPERATIONS / CONTROLS SC C2 SC B5 SC C6 Key Cigré work on: Power balancing, congestion and risk management New software to quickly determine system status over wide areas, automated configuration adjustment, automated service restoration Inertia, synthetic inertia, rate of change of frequency. Adapt training of system operators.

15 6 NEW CONCEPTS FOR PROTECTION SC B5 SC C4 SC C6 Key Cigré work on: New Wide area Protection systems Impact on the protection system of new generation technologies (decreasing short circuit power) Capabilities for Fault Ride Trough Coordination between protection and new generators capabilities Inadvertent Islanding detection Intentional islanded operation Rapid under frequency operation Data management and architecture of the future Metering as information collectors for distribution networks automation, home energy management and EVs

16 7 NEW CONCEPTS IN PLANNING SC C1 SC C3 SC C4 SC C6 SC B2 SC B5 Key Cigré work on: Risk-based planning to manage uncertainties and changes in nature of supply and demand and role of the power system Interaction of transmission and distribution expansion investment needs, to plan best for demand response, distributed generation Understand cost, capabilities and lead times of each new technology Keep learning about pros, cons and combinations of central planning vs. market solutions under changing market and regulatory environments Single phase analysis, integration of microgrids, load and voltage determination. Integration of HVDC Grids and AC Networks

17 8 SC C4 SC C6 SC C1 NEW TOOLS FOR TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE Key Cigré work on: Advanced numerical techniques and numerical methods for the solution of multiphase load-flow problems, steady-state initialization of network studies and time-domain simulation Bridging the gap between 3-phase and positive sequence modeling single phase Geographical Information System (GIS) based tools Advanced tools and techniques for power balancing and reserve requirement evaluation Operational tools allowing a probabilistic and riskbased planning New tools for development and operation of active networks, especially their dynamic behavior, islanding and power quality effects Models for assessing the interaction between the ac system and HVDC converter stations, HVDC Grids and for FACTS devices

18 9 INCREASED USE OF EXISTING ROUTES SC B1 SC B2 SC B4 SC C3 SC C4 Key Cigré work on: Which technologies can be used for uprating existing lines: probabilistic ratings, real time ratings, high temperature conductors Convert AC to DC lines Develop new insulated AC or DC submarine and underground cables for offshore wind farms Investigate the ability of all components to withstand transients and over voltages Increased use of interconnections and their implications on planning, operation & control and the establishment of electricity markets SC C1

19 10 NEED FOR STAKEHOLDER AWARENESS SC B1 SC B2 SC C3 SC C6 SC C1 Key Cigré work on: In the planning phase: To demonstrate the usefulness and the benefits given by the network To guarantee that Sustainable Development principles and issues are being incorporated since this stage To take into account public views and needs already in the design steps (e.g. the choice of alternatives) Community involvement In the construction and operation phases: To demonstrate the compliance with environmental standards, to obtain a support to the necessary actions (e.g. maintenance, ) Community involvement

20 SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICITY FOR ALL Error!Error! Low density, high cost, low demand, no address, pre paid meters. House cannot support Connection, house may move, long distance to repair faults

21 THANK YOU