Emergency Telecommunications as the ASP Regional Initiative

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1 0 Emergency Telecommunications as the ASP Regional Initiative Japan s International Contribution in the Field of ICT for Disaster Risk Reduction Mutsuharu NAKAJIMA Director for International Policy Coordination Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan March 20, 2017

2 Disaster Impact all over the world since Source:UNISDR 165Billion 251Billion Stormscausedthemosteconomic damage thiswasalsotheyearof HurricaneKatrina. 203Billion Earthquakescausedthemosteconomic damage thiswasalsotheyearofthe SichuanearthquakeinChina. 371Billion Earthquakes caused the most economic damage this was alsotheyearofthegreateast JapanEarthquake. DAMAGE 0 61Billion 35Billion 659Million 66Billion 87Billion Drought affectedmostpeople thiswasalsotheyearofmajor droughtinindiaandchina 39Billion 82Billion 50Billion 138Billion Great East Japan Earthquake 138Billion 174Million AFFECTED 0 109Million 255Million 162Million 161Million Earthquakeskilled themostpeople thiswasalsotheyearofindian Oceanearthquakeandtsunami KILLED Million 212Million Million 199Million Stormskilledthemostpeople thiswasalsotheyearofcyclone NARGIS 255Million Floods affected most people this was also the year of major flooding insouthandcentralpartsofchina Earthquakeskilled themostpeople this wasalso theyearof thehaitiearthquake. 211Million Haiti earthquake 106Million

3 Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake Most important counter measures to protect a community from tsunami Method to confirm safety of family members living together 2 Evacuate to upland as soon as possible 51% Telephon call by fixed-line phone 7% Deliver tsunami and evacuation information surely even in case of Enhance disaster prevention facilities such as seawalls 6% 20% Telephon call by mobile phone by mobile phone Direct confirmation 25% 17% 69% Built refuge facilities such as evacuation towers for residents 4% Other 1% 0% 10%20%30%40%50%60% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Source: Special Working Group of the Cabinet Office To communicate with each other and to gather correct information from telecommunication network are important at a disaster.

ICT for Disaster Management 3 Information

Distribute Weather Radar Sensor Data Center

4 ICT for Disaster Management 3 Information distribution is an important factor for disaster management. Effective and efficient disaster management is made possible by ICT. ICT for disaster management can be classified into 4 stages. Monitor / Transfer Analyze Accumulate Distribute Weather Radar Sensor Data Center Emergency alarm broadcast Integrated Disaster Management Information System One-seg mobile terminal Camera Satellite Observation Disaster prevention administrative radio, ICT disaster management unit, etc.

5 4 Disaster Management as the Asia-Pacific Regional Initiatives

International Contribution in Disaster Management * Projects which

FY2010. Pilot projects are not included.

management sensor system (2012) India Meteorological radar (2014)

seismograph (2012) Emergency management information system (2013)

Prevention System (2014) ICT Disaster Management Unit (2016)

disaster preparedness system (2013) National space data

Disaster Information-Sharing System (2015) Disaster preparedness

6 International Contribution in Disaster Management * Projects which the orders were received or supports were determined in and after FY2010. Pilot projects are not included. 5 Vietnam Sustainable Disaster-Prevention with ICT (2014) Bridge management sensor system (2012) India Meteorological radar (2014) Thailand Flood inundation simulation (2012) Taiwan Submerged cable seismograph (2012) Emergency management information system (2013) Philippines Peru Meteorological radar (2014) Wide-Area Disaster Prevention System (2014) ICT Disaster Management Unit (2016) Emergency alarm broadcasting system (2013) Indonesia Comprehensive disaster preparedness system (2013) National space data infrastructure system (2014) Smartphone-Based, Participatory Disaster Information-Sharing System (2015) Disaster preparedness communication network (2013) AHA Centre Tonga ICT materials/equipment support (2011-) Source: industry survey by MIC

Distribution:ICT Disaster Management Unit Movable and Deployable ICT Resource Unit (MDRU)

the MDRU, in response to the lessons learned from the Great East Japan Earthquake.

Flexibility Portability Wi-Fi network Satellite Link Easily provide a Wi-Fi network and a

Communications with outside areas by a landline and a satellite link.

smartphone and the phone number same as usual.

7 Distribution:ICT Disaster Management Unit Movable and Deployable ICT Resource Unit (MDRU) Communications equipment to be carried to a disaster-stricken area in order to immediately restore a communications network. The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) did research and development of the MDRU, in response to the lessons learned from the Great East Japan Earthquake. 6 Key Features of MDRU Wide-area network Fixed line MDRU (Container type) Mobility Flexibility Portability Wi-Fi network Satellite Link Easily provide a Wi-Fi network and a server in a disaster-stricken area. Communications with outside areas by a landline and a satellite link. Voice and data communications ( , file sharing, and the Internet) available using the smartphone and the phone number same as usual. Compact car type or a portable attache case type.. Also serves for daily use. Car type MDRU Attache-case type MDRU Unit Equipped with a main unit (server/pbx), Wi-Fi base station, FWA equipment, and generator. More small (install basic functions ) Wi-Fi access point Gateway Battery

Joint Project Background In November 2013, the MDRU won a prize

*ITU-MCMC Contest to Promote the Transformational Power of

Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) hit Philippines and caused a

The damage of municipality of San Remigio, located in the north

infrastructure suffered from catastrophic damage.

requested test installation of the MDRU for the emergency

Following the request, ITU, MIC, and the Department of Science

8 Joint Project Background In November 2013, the MDRU won a prize of the contest* organized by ITU. *ITU-MCMC Contest to Promote the Transformational Power of Broadband Connecting at the Roots In the same period, Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) hit Philippines and caused a large-scale damage. The damage of municipality of San Remigio, located in the north of Cebu Island, was the worst, and the communications network infrastructure suffered from catastrophic damage. The Philippine government paid attention to the MDRU, and requested test installation of the MDRU for the emergency restoration of the typhoon-affected area of Cebu Island. Following the request, ITU, MIC, and the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Philippines, agreed to conduct a feasibility study of the MDRU. (May 2014) 7 <Damages caused by Typhoon Haiyan (San Remigio, Cebu Island)> <MDRU won the prize of the contest> Concluded an agreement of MDRU joint project San Remigio Cebu Island, Philippines ITU, MIC and DOST concluded an cooperation agreement.

Feasibility Study System Carried out the

(Term: December 2014 ~ March 2016) Installed

data communications using Wi-Fi networks at

(Approximately 500m) 8 San Remigio Municipal

school (Evacuation Center) Wi-Fi Satellite

9 Feasibility Study System Carried out the Feasibility Study. (Term: December 2014 ~ March 2016) Installed the MDRU in the typhoon-stricken area of Cebu Island, Philippines. (Location: San Remigio) Tested voice and data communications using Wi-Fi networks at the Command Center and Evacuation Center. (Approximately 500m) 8 San Remigio Municipal Hall (Command Center) Wi-Fi FWA Wi-Fi High school (Evacuation Center) Wi-Fi Satellite Portable Earth station MDRU Main server Wi-Fi Available Area Smartphones (for lending) Satellite mobile phones Available Area External communications are possible through existing satellite lines.

Disaster Drill A disaster drill was conducted to prepare for a huge typhoon

With this, the disaster management plan of San Remigio municipality has

The disaster command center is opened in the municipal hall.

available. <Disaster Drill> (source: Meteomedia Philippines) (3.

Voice Communications) San Remigio mayor <Scenario> 1.

Starting the MDRU installed in the municipal hall. 3.

10 Disaster Drill A disaster drill was conducted to prepare for a huge typhoon and some lessons have been learned. With this, the disaster management plan of San Remigio municipality has been revised. 9 A huge typhoon is approaching San Remigio. The disaster command center is opened in the municipal hall. The disaster cause power outage and no fixed telephone or mobile phones are available. <Disaster Drill> (source: Meteomedia Philippines) (3. Installation of Wi-Fi access points) (5. Voice Communications) San Remigio mayor <Scenario> 1.Starting the power generator. 2.Starting the MDRU installed in the municipal hall. 3.Installing Wi-Fi access point in the high. 4.Taking photos in affected areas and browse the file. 5.Directions from the Mayor through a voice call 6.Making a list of victims and browse the file. 7.Providing relief supplies (6. Confirmation of victims) (7. Providing relief supplies)

MDRU-employed Support Activities for Kumamoto Earthquake

In response to the huge earthquakes that hit Kumamoto

Prefecture and provided an Internet-access service and a voice

A branch of MIC Japan there is still ready to offer some MDRUs

Internet-access service MDRU with NICT s vehicle-mounted

information in a shared space Voice call service MDRU with

11 MDRU-employed Support Activities for Kumamoto Earthquake Disaster (Immediately after Disaster through Recovery Phase) 10 In response to the huge earthquakes that hit Kumamoto Prefecture, we transported MDRUs to Takamori Town in the Prefecture and provided an Internet-access service and a voice call service at the town office and a shelter. A branch of MIC Japan there is still ready to offer some MDRUs by requests from local governments and other organizations. Internet-access service MDRU with NICT s vehicle-mounted satellite base station Residents using the Internet to collect information in a shared space Voice call service MDRU with Docomo s satellite-based mobile phones Staff member using his smartphone to make a call via satellite at his desk

Distribution:Disaster Information Delivery to Residents Observation Analysis/Centralization Accumulation

government L-Alert TV operator Cable Terrestrial Digital TV Meteorological Radar Prefectures Connected

Municipal government Collection, Format conversion, and Distribution Mobile phone operator Mobile phone

Receiver L-Alert : 832 groups including 47 prefectures are participating.

12 Distribution:Disaster Information Delivery to Residents Observation Analysis/Centralization Accumulation Delivery Information Provider Information Communicator Residents 11 Satellite Observation National government L-Alert TV operator Cable Terrestrial Digital TV Meteorological Radar Prefectures Connected with standard format Various types of format Radio operator Net operator Radio Web distribution Sensor Municipal government Collection, Format conversion, and Distribution Mobile phone operator Mobile phone Smartphone Camera Municipal Disaster Radio Broadcast System Municipal office Outdoor Loudspeaker Home Receiver L-Alert : 832 groups including 47 prefectures are participating. (33 out of 47 prefectures distributes information in practice) Direct information distribution without L-Alert from information provider also existed.

13 Background of Development of L-Alert in Japan 12 Communication path <Before> N by N model Information providers Municipalities Prefecture Electric power Company Gas Company : Traffic-related Companies Information Communicators Broadcasters Newspaper publisher Portal sites Mobile operators : Cable television provider <After> L-Alert model Municipalities Prefecture Electric power Company Gas Company : Traffic-related Companies L-Alert Quick and Efficient Broadcasters Newspaper publisher Portal sites Mobile operators : Cable television provider

14 Progress of L-Alert in of 47 prefectures have implemented this system and another 7 prefectures have a plan within 2 years. 82% of towns have implemented. 603 distributers (terrestrial TV, CATV, radio, newspaper, signages) 59 gas companies (72.6% users coverage) joined to provide information of gas supplying Electric companies joined to verification experiments. Metrological agency started to provide eruption information in this year Trainings and drills are carried out periodically. Japanese government promotes to distribution this system strategically and check their progress periodically. These might be useful as indicators for disaster risk management

Japan is contributing to international communities through the ICT disaster risk management solution.

15 Summary 14 After the Great East earthquake MIC enhanced policies for quick restoration of ICT infrastructure when a disaster happens. These measurements ensured these effects at the Kumamoto earthquake in last April. Japan is contributing to international communities through the ICT disaster risk management solution. Especially in Asia-Pacific Area, due to its high disaster risk, emergency telecommunication should be regarded as one of the critical regional initiatives. Japan has been fully supportive to Asia-Pacific countries and we would like to continue to collaborate in the field of emergency telecommunications. Thank You for your kind attention! Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, JAPAN

ICT for Disaster Management including Movable and Deployable ICT Resource Unit (MDRU)

ICT for Disaster Management including Movable and Deployable ICT Resource Unit (MDRU) 22 May, 2018 Hideo IMANAKA Vice-Rapporteur of ITU-D SG2 Q5 NTT, Japan Introduction Many disasters in the world eg.