A Unified Approach for Aligning Taxonomies and Debugging Taxonomies and Their Alignments

Transcription

1 A Unified Approach for Aligning Taxonomies and Debugging Taxonomies and Their Alignments Valentina Ivanova and Patrick Lambrix,, Sweden And The Swedish e-science Research Center

2 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 2

3 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 3

4 Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Neither developing ontologies nor aligning them are easy tasks ontologies are not correct/complete mappings between ontologies are not correct/complete the integrated ontology network is not consistent Modeling defects are the focus of our work e.g. wrong and missing relations Page 4

5 Influence of Defects in Structure Ontology-based querying Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) All MeSH Categories Diseases Category Eye Diseases Scleral Diseases Scleritis... return 1363 articles Page 5 5

6 Influence of Defects in Structure Incomplete results from ontology-based queries Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) All MeSH Categories Diseases Category Eye Diseases Scleral Diseases Scleritis... return 1363 articles return 613 articles 55% results are missed! Page 6 6

7 Influence of Defects in Mappings Semantically-enabled applications Ontology A Ontology B All... Diseases Eye Diseases Eye Diseases is equivalent to Eye Disorders All... Body Malfunctions Eye Disorders Send me records about Eye Diseases. Sending records for Eye Disorders. Page 7

8 Influence of Defects in Mappings Ontology A Ontology B All... Diseases Eye Diseases Send me records about Eye Diseases. What is Eye Diseases? All... Body Malfunctions Eye Disorders? Page 8

9 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 9

10 Taxonomy Networks A taxonomy network consists of a set of taxonomies and sets of mappings between those taxonomies Ontology 1 Ontology 2 Ontology n Page 10

11 Problem Statement Given a taxonomy network, how to DETECT and REPAIR: the missing and wrong relations in each taxonomy AND the missing and wrong mappings between each pair of taxonomies? Page 11

12 Alignment and Debugging Framework Page 12

13 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Detection Validation Repairing Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 13

14 Debugging Workflow: Detection of Defects Page 14

15 Debugging Workflow: Detection of Defects - candidate missing relations Two small pieces of MA and NCI-A, both about concept joint, and 3 equivalence mappings A piece of Ontology MA Thing A piece of Ontology NCI-A limb_joint joint Joint hinderlimb_joint forelimb_joint joint of rib Joint_By_Site fibrous_joint hip_joint hand_joint elbow_joint Elbow_Joint Hip_Joint Page 15

16 Debugging Workflow: Detection of Defects - candidate missing mappings Reference 101 Academic Book Part PhdThesis Article MastersThesis Entry Publication Academic Book Part MastersThesis Article Lecture Notes Thesis PhdThesis MastersThesis Article PhdThesis Page 16

17 Alignment Workflow: Detection of Defects Page 17

18 Alignment Workflow: Detection of Defects - candidate missing mappings Matchers Linguistic matchers Matchers employing auxiliary information Combination and filtering of similarity values Mapping Suggestions are Candidate Missing Mappings Page 18

19 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Detection Validation Repairing Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 19

20 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Validation Page 20

21 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Detection Validation Repairing Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 21

22 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repairing Page 22

23 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Example repairing missing relations Structural Repair 1 joint hip_joint elbow_joint Structural Repair 2 joint hip_joint hand_joint elbow_joint Structural Repair 3 Structural Repair 4 joint joint limb_joint limb_joint forelimb_joint Question: How can we recognize the most interesting repairing approaches for a domain expert? preferences. hinderlimb_joint limb_joint Thing forelimb_joint joint joint of rib fibrous_joint hip_joint hand_joint elbow_joint Page 23

24 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repairing Information-based preference Prefer to add more informative relations Structural Repair 3 Structural Repair 1 joint joint limb_joint hip_joint elbow_joint (limb_joint, joint) is more informative than (hip_joint, joint) and (elbow_joint, joint) hinderlimb_joint Thing limb_joint joint forelimb_joint joint of rib hip_joint hand_joint elbow_joint fibrous_joint Page 24

25 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repair missing relations and mappings For missing relation (hip_joint, joint), we generate two sets of concepts representing 3 4 repairing actions Thing Target Set limb_joint joint Source Set hinderlimb_joint forelimb_joint joint of rib fibrous_joint hip_joint hand_joint elbow_joint Page 25

26 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repair wrong relations and mappings Find explanations (justifications) Remove part of the explanation Ontology 2 Ontology 3 D C A Ontology 1 B Page 26

27 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repairing Ranking Page 27

28 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repairing Recommendation Page 28

29 Alignment and Debugging Workflow: Repairing Executing repairing actions Page 29

30 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 30

31 Experiments Setup Ontologies and alignment from OAEI 2011 Anatomy track Ontology #Concepts #Relations MA NCI-A Alignment MA - NCI-A 1516 #Equivalence mappings Page 31

32 Experiment 1 Complete debugging and alignment session Part A candidate missing mappings missing / or wrong / or repair missing / / / derivable / more informative repair missing relations Alignment /39 59/ /20/8/6/5 - AMA NCI-A Part B candidate missing relations all/non-redundant missing wrong repair missing self / more informative / other repair wrong removed Alignment and 1 AMA 410/ /57/23 30 NCI-A 355/ /13/26 17 Page 32

33 Experiment 2 Debugging leads to alignments with higher quality I run II run / or Alignment 1286/ /28(5)/6/5 / or (more informative) / derivable / relations Page 33

34 Experiment 3 Extending the alignment leads to discovering more possible defects Ontology I run candidate missing relations all/non-redundant MA 496/ /357 NCI-A 365/ /234 II run candidate missing relations all/non-redundant Page 34

35 Outline Defects in Ontologies and Alignments Integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Experiments Conclusions and Future Work Page 35

36 Conclusions The first integrated Ontology Alignment and Debugging Framework Alignment Contributions to Debugging Calculates possible mappings Provides/extends alignments Debugging Contributions to Alignment Provides repairing algorithms not available in the alignment systems Repairs the structure and the mappings Page 36

37 Future Work Explore further the interactions between ontology alignment and debugging Include structure-based matchers Include partial-alignment-based filtering and preprocessing strategies Extend the approach to ontologies represented in more expressive languages Page 37

38 Demonstration OAEI 2011 Anatomy track Page 38

39 Thank you! Questions? Page 39