DELL EMC READY BUNDLE FOR MICROSOFT SQL SERVER 2016

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1 DELL EMC READY BUNDLE FOR MICROSOFT SQL SERVER 2016 Enabled by Hyper-V on Windows Server 2016, PowerEdge R740 Servers, and Unity 400 Hybrid Flash Storage January 2018 Abstract This design guide describes the architecture, design principles, configuration best practices, and sizing guidelines for a SQL Server 2016 solution with Hyper-V on Windows Server 2016, PowerEdge R740 servers, and Unity 400 Hybrid Flash storage. H16852R This document is not intended for audiences in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macao. DESIGN GUIDE

2 Copyright The information in this publication is provided as is. Dell Inc. makes no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the information in this publication, and specifically disclaims implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Use, copying, and distribution of any software described in this publication requires an applicable software license. Copyright 2018 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved. Dell, EMC, Dell EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Intel, the Intel logo, the Intel Inside logo, and Xeon are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries. Other trademarks may be the property of their respective owners. Published in the USA 01/18 H16852R. Dell Inc. believes the information in this document is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to change without notice. 2 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

3 Contents Contents Chapter 1 Overview 4 Introduction... 5 About this guide... 5 We value your feedback... 5 Chapter 2 Solution Components 6 Introduction... 7 Dell EMC hardware products... 7 Brocade 6505 switch... 9 Microsoft software components... 9 Chapter 3 Solution Architecture and Design 11 Solution architecture Solution design Chapter 4 Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing 15 Server configuration Network configuration Storage configuration Windows Server, Hyper-V, and SQL Server configuration Solution sizing Chapter 5 Sample lmplementation 23 Sample implementation: OLTP workload Chapter 6 References 27 Dell EMC documentation Microsoft documentation Brocade documentation DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

4 Chapter 1: Overview Chapter 1 Overview This chapter presents the following topics: Introduction... 5 About this guide... 5 We value your feedback DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

5 Chapter 1: Overview Introduction About this guide Microsoft SQL Server 2016 is a relational database platform that brings a new set of technologies, features, and services to SQL Server. SQL Server 2016 supports missioncritical applications such as analytics, in-memory databases, business intelligence (BI), and online transaction processing (OLTP). SQL Server 2016 includes database innovations that deliver new levels of efficiency, performance, security, and availability. It includes new features such as Always Encrypted, In-Memory OLTP, distributed query processing, and advanced data mining capabilities. SQL Server provides a robust solution for critical enterprise workloads at any scale. Scale-up solutions that provide partitioning enable IT to isolate disparate workloads and production, development, and testing environments on a single server platform. Reducing the number of databases and server platforms simplifies IT operations and reduces operating and licensing costs as well. Dell EMC s enterprise products provide high performance, energy efficiency, and high availability. The 14 th generation of Dell EMC PowerEdge servers, along with Dell EMC storage and networking products, help customers virtualize, consolidate, and migrate their distributed legacy environments. Dell EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016 is a pre-architected, validated, end-to-end solution for implementing a virtualized infrastructure for SQL Server The solution is enabled by Microsoft Hyper-V virtualization on Microsoft Windows Server 2016, PowerEdge R740 servers, and Dell EMC Unity 400 storage. Based on Microsoft and Dell EMC best practices, this Ready Bundle solution provides exceptional performance and scalability, delivers faster time to value, and increases return on investment. Audience and purpose This guide is for database administrators, system engineers, IT managers, system administrators, storage administrators, and architects who design and maintain database infrastructures. Readers should have some knowledge of Microsoft Windows Server, Microsoft SQL Server, Dell EMC PowerEdge servers, Dell EMC storage, and Dell EMC networking products. Scope This guide describes the architecture, design principles, configuration best practices, and sizing considerations for the Dell EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016 solution. We value your feedback Dell EMC and the authors of this document welcome your feedback on the solution and the solution documentation. Contact EMC.Solution.Feedback@emc.com with your comments. Authors: Sanjeev Ranjan, Karen Johnson DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

6 Chapter 2: Solution Components Chapter 2 Solution Components This chapter presents the following topics: Introduction... 7 Dell EMC hardware products... 7 Brocade 6505 switch... 9 Microsoft software components DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

7 Chapter 2: Solution Components Introduction Components in this Ready Bundle solution include: Dell EMC hardware products Brocade Fibre Channel (FC) storage area network (SAN) switch Microsoft software products Dell EMC hardware products Dell EMC offers a wide range of enterprise products and solutions, including servers, storage, networking, software, and services. These enterprise products and solutions are designed for reliability and scalability. They are engineered to handle the most demanding business applications and workloads, such as enterprise resource planning, database, BI, high-performance computing, and collaboration. Dell EMC PowerEdge R740 The PowerEdge R740 server is designed to run complex workloads in mid-sized and large enterprises, all in a 2U footprint. The R740 2-socket server: Features the Intel Xeon Scalable processor family with up to 28 cores Uses highly scalable memory, I/O, and network options Provides up to 80 TB of internal storage with sixteen 2.5 in drives or eight 3.5 in drives ideal for database and BI applications Table 1 lists the technical specifications of the PowerEdge R740. PowerEdge R740 technical specifications Component Form factor Processor Specifications 2U Intel Xeon Scalable processor family with up to 28 cores per processor Processor sockets 2 Chipset Memory I/O slots Intel C620 series Up to 3 TB (24 DIMM slots): 8/16/32/64/128 GB DDR4 with up to 2,666 MT/s Riser options with up to 8 PCIe Gen 3 slots; maximum of 4 x 16 slots Storage controllers Internal controllers: PERC H330, H730p, H740p, HBA330, Software RAID (SWRAID) S140 Boot Optimized Storage Solution (BOSS) subsystem: Hardware RAID 2 x M.2 solid-state drives (SSDs) 120 GB, 240 GB External PERC (RAID): H840 External HBA (non-raid): 12 Gb/s SAS Network interface 4 x 1 GB, 4 x 10 GB, 2 x 10 GB + 2 x 1 GB, or 2 x 25 GB Network Daughter Card DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

8 Chapter 2: Solution Components Dell EMC storage Dell EMC storage is designed to meet the storage needs of organizations of all sizes, from large global data centers to local small businesses. Designed and optimized for Flash storage, it is ideal for large-scale systems, high-end workload performance, and distributed enterprise environments. It supports multiple SSD tiers to optimize writeintensive and read-intensive SSDs as well as hard disk drives (HDDs). Dell EMC storage supports the following features: Automated intelligent data tiering that dynamically places hot data on highperformance drives and cold data on high-capacity drives Data progression that enables performance-optimized Flash storage at the price of a hard-disk solution Intelligent deduplication and compression Enhanced virtualization and encryption Space-efficient snapshots and remote synchronous/asynchronous replication This Ready Bundle solution features Dell EMC Unity 400 Hybrid Flash as the storage option. Table 2 lists the technical specifications of Unity 400 Hybrid Flash storage. Unity 400 Hybrid Flash technical specifications Component Controllers per array Operating system Maximum drives supported Maximum raw capacity Specifications 2 (active/active) Unity OE v per array 3.9 PB per array Storage media SAS and NL-SAS drives; different drive types, transfer rates, and rotational speeds can be mixed in the same system SSDs: Write-intensive, read-intensive HDDs: 15k, 10k, 7.2 k rpm Array enclosures Drive enclosures 2 versions: 2U disk processor enclosure (DPE) with 25 x 2.5-in drives 2U DPE with 12 x 3.5-in drives Support for: 2U 25-drive trays for 2.5-in drives 3U 15-drive trays for 3.5-in drives 3U 80-drive trays for 2.5-in drives RAID options 1/0, 5, 6 Embedded SAS I/O ports per array Embedded CNA ports per array Embedded 10GBASE-T ports per array 4 x 4 lane 12 Gb/s SAS ports for back-end connectivity 4 ports: 8/16 Gb FC, 10 Gb IP/iSCSI, or 1 Gb RJ45 4 Maximum FC ports per array 20 8 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

9 Chapter 2: Solution Components Component Specifications Maximum SAN hosts 1,024 Maximum LUN size 256 TB Dell EMC Networking S4048-ON Dell EMC Networking S4048-ON 10/40 GbE is a top-of-rack, high-density 1U switch with GbE uplinks. It offers ultra-low latency and line-rate performance that is optimized for data centers. Brocade 6505 switch The Brocade 6505 is a Gen 5 (16 Gb/s) FC switch, sold and supported by Dell EMC. It combines flexibility, simplicity, and enterprise-class functionality in an entry-level switch that provides exceptional price/performance value. Designed to enable maximum flexibility and reliability, the Brocade 6505 is configurable in 12 or 24 ports and supports 2, 4, 8, or 16 Gb/s FC speeds in an efficiently designed 1U package. With a simplified deployment process and a point-and-click user interface, the Brocade 6505 is both powerful and easy to use. Moreover, the Brocade 6505 offers low-cost access to industry-leading Gen 5 FC technology while providing pay-as-you-grow scalability to meet the needs of an evolving storage environment. The Brocade 6505 provides access to Brocade Fabric Vision technology, an optional software feature that simplifies monitoring, maximizes network availability, and dramatically reduces operational costs. Featuring innovative monitoring, management, and diagnostic capabilities, Fabric Vision technology enables administrators to avoid problems before they affect operations, helping them meet service-level agreements (SLAs). Microsoft software components This Ready Bundle solution uses Windows Server 2016 and SQL Server Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2016 is a cloud-ready operating system that provides enhanced security, built-in containers, and support for new software-defined capabilities for modern data centers. Key features include: Resilient File System (ReFS) Enables faster placement of virtual machines (VMs) on the file system Software-defined networking Includes enhanced policies to control both physical and virtual networks Hyper-V Supports nested virtualization For a complete list of new features in Windows Server 2016, see the Microsoft article What's new in Windows Server DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

10 Chapter 2: Solution Components Microsoft Hyper-V The Hyper-V server role in Windows Server enables the creation of a virtualized servercomputing environment. Within this environment, users can create and manage VMs. These VMs, which are isolated from one another, can run different operating systems on the same physical computer. Key features in the Hyper-V server role in Windows Server 2016 include: Discrete device assignment Provides VMs with direct and exclusive access to some PCIe hardware devices Host resource protection Prevents a VM from using more than its share of resources Hot addition/removal of resources Allows addition/removal of network adapters and adjustments to the amount of memory while the VM is running Increased amount of resources per VM Support for up to 12 TB of memory and 240 virtual CPUs (vcpus) for generation 2 VMs SQL Server 2016 SQL Server 2016 includes new encryption features, greater support for in-memory OLTP and column store indexes, and a new end-to-end BI solution. Key features of SQL Server 2016 include: Memory optimized tables Provides enhanced compute resource utilization, optimized query plans, and extended functionality for in-memory OLTP Mobile BI platform Captures insights from online or offline data MAXDOP, Parameter Sniffing, and Hotfixes settings Can now be configured at a database level R Services feature Can now be integrated directly into the SQL Server database Temporal tables Provides historical view of tables and their values Query Store Provides comparison of different queries over time For more information about SQL Server 2016 and a complete list of its features, see the Microsoft article What's new in SQL Server DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

11 Chapter 3: Solution Architecture and Design Chapter 3 Solution Architecture and Design This chapter presents the following topics: Solution architecture Solution design DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

12 Chapter 3: Solution Architecture and Design Solution architecture Server architecture Reducing cost while achieving high performance is important in a database environment. Infrastructure equipment is inarguably the biggest cost component of a data center. This solution uses server virtualization to consolidate different SQL Server roles and reduce equipment cost and footprint. The solution also balances performance and resource utilization by optimally assigning the processor, memory, and network bandwidth. Network architecture Dell EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016 provides end-to-end I/O connectivity by using multiple port channels and Virtual Link Trunking (VLT) configurations for local area networks (LANs). Dell EMC Networking S4048-ON switches provide 10 GbE network connectivity between the compute cluster and the rest of the data center. In accordance with SQL Server 2016 best practices and Dell EMC infrastructure design principles, each application network is deployed as a separate workload virtual LAN (VLAN) that is defined in the data center core network. All the workload VLANs are created as virtual network adapters on the converged virtual switch across four network connections. To provide high availability for network connections, multiple network cards in the server connect to redundant network switches. The Emulex LightPulse LPE31002 FC adapters provide FC connectivity in the host operating system, and the VMs that require in-guest FC connectivity use the virtual FC adapters. The Emulex LightPulse HBAs are connected to the Brocade 6505 FC switches and then to the Unity 400 Hybrid Flash array, forming a high-availability, dual-fabric SAN architecture. Figure 1 illustrates the network architecture. 12 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

13 Chapter 3: Solution Architecture and Design Figure 1. Network architecture Storage architecture Unity 400 Hybrid Flash storage offers modular expansion to approximately 4 PB of raw SAN capacity with read and write Flash SSD drives. Dell EMC Unisphere storage management allocates independent volumes for SQL Server database and transaction logs. Unity 400 Hybrid Flash storage has built-in intelligence to perform auto-tiering of data and assigning RAID for both read and write drives. The drives provide appropriate placement of data. DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

14 Chapter 3: Solution Architecture and Design Solution design Unity 400 Hybrid Flash storage has all-flash and hybrid storage-pool options. This solution uses hybrid pool storage. Because databases are mission-critical for organizations, high availability and servicelevel agreements are essential elements of OLTP database design. Customers today also demand faster response time and better optimization of hardware resource utilization. Dell EMC Ready Bundle for SQL Server 2016 provides high availability through failover clustering. The design uses the cluster failover concept, stacking solution components as primary and secondary. RAID for storage drives, dual controllers, and multiple I/O paths provides storage high availability. Multiple FC HBAs and FC switches between the SQL Server infrastructure and the storage network build resiliency in network connectivity. Figure 2 illustrates the design of this Ready Bundle solution. Figure 2. Solution design 14 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

15 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing Chapter 4 Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing This chapter presents the following topics: Server configuration Network configuration Storage configuration Windows Server, Hyper-V, and SQL Server configuration Solution sizing DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

16 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing Server configuration The following outlines the Dell EMC recommended practices for configuring the servers: Use the latest BIOS and firmware for Dell EMC PowerEdge servers. Use the latest vendor-subscribed HBA drivers. Enable Intel Hyper-Threading, which doubles the number of available cores and enables SQL Server to make best use of compute resources and deliver better performance. Configure the power plan as follows: In the system firmware: i ii Go to System Setup > System BIOS > System Profile Settings, and select Performance Per Watt Optimized (DAPC) from the drop-down list. Go to System Setup > System BIOS > Processor Settings > Dell Controlled Turbo, and select Enabled. In the operating system: Go to Control Panel > Power Plans Scheme, and select High Performance Plan. Network configuration This section outlines the best practices for configuring the network for this Ready Bundle solution. Configure high availability for all of the following: Network interface card (NIC) NIC port Network switch FC port FC card FC switch Local area network Best practices for configuring the LAN include: Use two 10 GbE S4048-ON network switches for end-to-end client traffic to prevent a single point of failure. Use VLAN tagging to sustain switch failure, and use NIC teaming to provide multitier network high availability. Use NIC teaming to provide high availability at the NIC port level. Use NIC teaming for virtual and physical network connections. Use a minimum of two network cards to provide high availability and prevent a single point of failure. Use two Emulex LightPulse LPE31002 cards to enable connectivity between the SQL Server host and external network. 16 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

17 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing Storage area network Best practices for designing the SAN include: Use redundant Brocade 6505 switches to prevent a single point of failure. Use two Emulex LightPulse LPE31002 cards for high availability. Make crisscross cable connections between redundant FC HBA cards and redundant FC switches to enable high availability. Use name zoning of end devices (FC HBAs) and Storage Center virtual ports while creating zones. Name zoning provides better flexibility because it does not tie the devices and virtual ports to specific physical ports on either the switch or the storage array. Storage configuration Unisphere storage management is a web-based solution that provides an interface for storage management and configuration tasks. The configuration depends on performance and capacity needs, preferred type of server connectivity, performance in terms of IOPS and MB/s, as well as future growth needs for both performance and capacity. This section provides guidance and best practices for storage management and configuration. Storage pools General recommendations Dell EMC generally recommends that you use fewer storage pools within Unity storage to reduce complexity and increase flexibility. However, you might want to configure multiple storage pools to do the following: Separate workloads with different I/O profiles. Separate pools where Dell EMC FAST Cache is and is not active. Dedicate resources to meet specific performance goals. Separate resources for multitenancy. Create smaller failure domains. Storage pools must maintain free capacity to operate properly. By default, Unity storage raises an alert if a storage pool has less than 30 percent free capacity. It also automatically begins to invalidate snapshots and replication sessions if the storage pool has less than 5 percent free capacity. Dell EMC recommends that storage pools always have at least 10 percent free capacity. Hybrid pools Hybrid pools contain HDDs (SAS or NL-SAS drives) and can contain more than one type of drive technology. Hybrid pools typically provide greater capacity at a lower cost than all- Flash pools. They also typically have lower overall performance and higher response times. Use hybrid pools for applications that do not require consistently low response times or that have large amounts of mostly inactive data. Dell EMC recommends provisioning a Flash tier in hybrid pools. The minimum recommended Flash capacity is at least 5 percent of the pool capacity. The Flash tier DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

18 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing helps enable pool performance efficiencies and improves response times when using snapshots or replication, or both. You can improve hybrid pool performance by increasing the amount of capacity in the Flash tier, so that more of the active dataset resides on and is serviced by the Flash drives. Hybrid pools can have up to three tiers Extreme Performance, Performance, and Capacity. Dell EMC recommends using a single drive speed, size, and RAID width within the tier of a hybrid pool, as follows: Extreme Performance tier Use 800 GB SAS Flash 2 drives, and configure them all with RAID 5 (8+1). Performance tier Use 1.2 TB SAS 10 k rpm drives, and configure them with RAID 5 (4+1). Capacity tier Use 6 TB NL-SAS drives, and configure them all with RAID 6 (6+2). FAST VP FAST VP accelerates performance of a specific storage pool by automatically moving data within that pool to the appropriate drive technology, based on data access patterns. FAST VP is only applicable to hybrid pools within a Unity hybrid system. The default and recommended FAST VP policy for all storage objects is Start High then Auto-tier. This policy places initial allocations for the storage object in the highest tier available and monitors activity to this storage object to determine the correct placement of data as it ages. FAST VP is most effective if data relocations occur during or immediately after normal daily processing. Dell EMC recommends scheduling FAST VP relocations to occur before backups or nightly batch processing. For applications that are continuously active, consider configuring FAST VP relocations to run constantly. Dell EMC recommends maintaining at least 10 percent free capacity in storage pools, so that FAST VP relocations can occur efficiently. FAST VP relocations cannot occur if the storage pool has no free space. FAST Cache FAST Cache is a single global resource that can improve performance of one or more hybrid pools within a Unity hybrid system. You can create FAST Cache with SAS Flash 2 drives only, and it is only applicable to hybrid pools. Dell EMC recommends that you place a Flash tier in the hybrid pool before you configure FAST Cache on the pool. Enable FAST Cache on the hybrid pool if the workload in that pool is highly transactional and has a high degree of locality that changes rapidly. For applications that use larger I/O sizes, have lower skew, or do not change locality as quickly, increasing the size of the Flash tier rather than enabling FAST Cache might be more beneficial. FAST Cache can increase the IOPS achievable from the Unity system, and it will most likely result in higher CPU utilization to service the additional I/O. Before enabling FAST Cache on additional pools or expanding the size of an existing FAST Cache, monitor the 18 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

19 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing average system CPU utilization to determine if the system can accommodate the additional load. Drive selection Dell EMC storage offerings use multiple drive types, with varying capacities and performance levels, and attempt to match data with the optimal drive type based on storage pools. Typically, mission-critical data is stored on high-performance drives, while less-critical data is moved to high-capacity drives. While every environment is unique, an OLTP workload generally consists of small, random reads and writes. The required number of IOPS primarily determines the sizing of a storage system that services an OLTP workload. Different drive types have different performance capabilities. Faster-spinning drives can provide more IOPS with lower latency than slower-spinning drives. For best performance, Dell EMC recommends SSD drives for OLTP workloads. The following factors affect drive selections: Type of the workload Expected IOPS, latency, and throughput Database size Calculate the number of disks for capacity by using the following formula: Number of disks = (Required Capacity / Capacity per disk) Calculate the number of disks for performance by using the following formula: Number of disks = (Read IOPS + [Write IOPS x RAID performance overhead]) / IOPS per disk Setting I/O paths FC zoning enables the partitioning of the FC fabric into multiple subsets called zones. A zone includes FC initiators and targets, and enables communication between the initiators and targets. Best practices for setting the I/O paths include: Single-initiator, multiple-target zoning Creates each FC zone with a single initiator (HBA port) and multiple targets (front-end ports). Therefore, each HBA port requires a separate FC zone with front-end ports. Create independent zones for each HBA installed in the host. World Wide Name (WWN) zoning Contains only the host HBA port and the front-end primary ports. In most cases, including the front-end reserve ports is unnecessary because they are not used for volume mapping. Dell EMC recommends creating zones by using a single initiator host port and multiple Storage Center ports. Multipathing Designates how many of the Dell EMC storage front-end ports that the system allows the volume to be mapped through. Dell EMC recommends the use of the Dell EMC PowerPath Multipathing utility for designating the ports. DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

20 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing Volume provisioning and mapping Hyper-V storage design Create a server cluster for high availability and map the volumes to the server cluster. Map the volumes by using Storage Center Console or Enterprise Manager Console. For optimal performance, Dell EMC recommends the following: Place tempdb, database, and log files on separate LUNs. Allow for data growth and avoid exceeding 80 percent capacity of the LUNs for database files. Configure end-to-end multipathing by using PowerPath software for availability/redundancy and throughput optimization. Use multiples of 64K size as allocation unit for SQL Server volumes. Ensure that I/O is distributed across both controllers. For best results, use the same number of volumes on each controller. For Hyper-V storage design, Dell EMC recommends the following: Provision a Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV) store and a cluster quorum disk on Dell EMC storage. Map the quorum disk and CSV volumes to the cluster nodes to enable faster failover of the SQL Server VM without the need for dismounting the drive, changing ownership, or remounting the volume. Create a virtual SAN by grouping WWNs of virtual FC adapters hosted in PowerEdge servers and Dell EMC storage. Configure the VMs that are hosting SQL Server with direct access to the storage LUNs. Windows Server, Hyper-V, and SQL Server configuration This section outlines the best practices for configuring Windows Server 2016, Hyper-V 2016, and SQL Server Windows OS configuration Hyper-V 2016 Best practices for configuring the Windows OS include: Use an allocation unit size of 64 KB to format the volume that stores the database files. Enable the Windows Lock Pages in Memory (LPIM) policy by adding an account with privileges to run sqlservr.exe. The LPIM policy determines which accounts can use a process to keep data in physical memory. The policy prevents the Windows OS from paging out a significant amount of data from physical memory to virtual memory on disk. Best practices for configuring the Hyper-V host and deploying VMs include: Do not overcommit resources. Hyper-V allows overcommitting resources such as CPU and network. However, overcommitting leads to performance degradation when the resource usage exceeds the available resources. Provision static or dynamic memory. For information, see SQL Server 2016 Memory settings. 20 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

21 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing Provision compute resources. A vcpu is a representation of the physical core of a processor or threads/logical processors in the core. In Hyper-V, you can adjust the relative weights and reserves for a VM by going to Settings > Processor. If CPU resources are overcommitted, setting the weights and reserves optimizes the way these resources are used. You can prioritize or deprioritize specific VMs based on your needs. Use fixed-size virtual hard disks for the OS. Dell EMC recommends using fixed virtual hard disks (VHD/VHDX) for production workloads. Using dynamic virtual hard disks can result in occasional pauses during disk resizing. Use dynamic disks for noncritical test environments or nonproduction environments. Use separate storage LUNs for data and log files. To rule out disk contention, Dell EMC recommends using separate LUNs. For best performance, create distinct LUNs for SQL Server data files and SQL Server log files. SQL Server 2016 This section provides guidelines and best practices to optimize a virtualized SQL Server environment. Memory settings For SQL Server 2016, you can assign memory for a VM either dynamically or statically. To choose between dynamic and static memory, consider the following factors: How frequently you monitor your database The VM size (size of the processors, memory, and other resources) as compared to the size of a single non-uniform memory access (NUMA) node on the host s physical architecture Preference between performance and levels of scalability In general, choose dynamic memory when VMs are unmonitored and are relatively small, and when scalability is preferred over performance. For larger production VMs that are reasonably monitored, choose static memory for better and more consistent performance. For dynamically assigned memory, see Running SQL Server with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory in the Microsoft Development Network Library. Best practices for dynamic memory include: Determine startup RAM and minimum memory values based on your needs. Microsoft recommends leaving the max server memory value at its default setting, which allows SQL Server to manage memory dynamically. However, Dell EMC recommends that you change this value, as needed, if one or both of the following apply: You are running multiple applications on the VM. You can reasonably ascertain the maximum amount of memory that you want to assign to SQL Server. Set the min server memory value (default value is zero) based on usage and performance considerations because dynamic memory is enabled for the VM. When using dynamic memory, set the reserves for the VM by using the Memory Buffer option. Base the amount of memory reserved on the min server memory DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

22 Chapter 4: Solution Configuration Best Practices and Sizing value that is set for SQL Server, and the memory that is required for any other applications and the OS. Recommendations for static memory allocation include: To maximize performance, assign a particular amount of memory to a VM based on its virtual and physical NUMA architecture. To ensure optimal performance, disable the NUMA Spanning option for the Hyper-V host, so that a single physical NUMA node supports a single virtual NUMA node. Note: Use this option with caution because Hyper-V does not start, restore, or accept a live migration for a VM if the hypervisor is unable to map each virtual NUMA node to a physical NUMA node. Set max server memory and min server memory values based on the amount of memory you want to reserve for the operating system, typical requirements of your SQL Server, and other performance considerations. For more information about memory settings, see Blitz Result: Memory Dangerously Low or Max Memory Too High. Solution sizing Parallelism settings For SQL Server parallelism settings, consider the following: The SQL Server configuration option max degree of parallelism controls the number of processors that are used for the parallel execution of a query. If the SQL Server VM in question migrates from hosts with different core configurations, leave this setting at 0. However, if that is not the case, use another value. The SQL Server configuration option cost threshold for parallelism specifies a threshold at which query plans run in parallel. Dell EMC recommends that you change the value of this setting from its default value of 5 to 50. You can adjust this number further. For more information about parallelism settings, see MAXDOP of Confusion. Each SQL Server environment has distinct system requirements and must be sized according to the instance-specific demands and the workload deployed. Workload characteristics in a SQL Server deployment include the nature of transactions, the expected user load, the required number of transactions per second, and the permissible levels of latency per transaction. SQL Server is a storage-intensive workload and requires high availability. The significant sizing considerations are server and storage. For server sizing: Determine the type of processor that is best suited for handling the SQL Server workload requirements. Determine the size of memory required and allocate the DIMMs to the processor memory channels to take advantage of full memory bandwidth. Select the appropriate host network adapters. For storage sizing and disk selection requirements, see Storage configuration. 22 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

23 Chapter 5: Sample lmplementation Chapter 5 Sample lmplementation This chapter presents the following topic: Sample implementation: OLTP workload DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

24 Chapter 5: Sample lmplementation Sample implementation: OLTP workload This chapter provides a sample implementation of this solution, including architectural design, sizing, and configurations. This sample implementation is for an OLTP workload supporting up to 10,700 transactions on a database size of up to 2.4 TB. Figure 3 shows the architecture for this sample implementation. Figure 3. Workload solution architecture 24 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

25 Chapter 5: Sample lmplementation Table 3 lists the components for this implementation. Workload solution components Component Servers Network switches Specifications 2 x Dell EMC PowerEdge R740 2 x Dell EMC Networking S4048-ON FC switches 2 x Brocade 6505 External storage 1 x Dell EMC Unity 400 Hybrid Flash Unity 400 Hybrid Flash storage details Storage pools: 1 Per server 4 x Dell EMC Unity storage expansion enclosure Mirrored Fast Cache: 5 x 200 GB SAS Flash 2 (includes hot spare) Extreme Performance tier: 26 x 200 GB SAS Flash 2 (includes hot spare) Performance tier: 24 x 600 GB SAS 15 k rpm (includes hot spare) Capacity tier: 18 x 6 TB NL-SAS 7.2 k rpm (includes hot spare) Processor Memory (RAM) Network interface FC HBA 2 x Intel Xeon 8180 Scalable family; 2.5 GHz, 28 cores 768 GB (24 x 32 GB, 2,666 MT/s DIMM) Broadcom 10 GbE BCM x 16 Gb FC (GFC) Emulex LightPulse LPE31002 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

26 Chapter 5: Sample lmplementation Table 4 lists the workload implementation details. Workload implementation details Component Value Number of VMs 4 Number of database LUNs 4 Number of log LUNs 4 Number of tempdb LUNs 4 Maximum database transactions/s 10,700 Per VM configuration vcpus 24 Memory Memory for database Size of database LUN Size of log LUN Size of tempdb LUN 160 GB 128 GB 600 GB 100 GB 100 GB 26 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

27 Chapter 6: References Chapter 6 References This chapter presents the following topics: Dell EMC documentation Microsoft documentation Brocade documentation DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server

28 Chapter 6: References Dell EMC documentation The following documentation on DellEMC.com or Dell EMC Online Support provides additional and relevant information. Access to these documents depends on your login credentials. If you do not have access to a document, contact your Dell EMC representative. Dell EMC Unity: Best Practices Guide Dell EMC PowerEdge R740 Spec Sheet Microsoft documentation Brocade documentation The following Microsoft documentation provides additional and relevant information: What s new in SQL Server 2016 What s New in Windows Server 2016 The following Brocade documentation provides additional and relevant information: Brocade 6505 Switch Data Sheet 28 DELL EMC Ready Bundle for Microsoft SQL Server 2016

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