I Have to Support What?!?! A side by side comparison of SQL Server, Oracle, and MongoDB

Transcription

1 I Have to Support What?!?! A side by side comparison of,, and

2 About the Speakers: Kim DBA since 2009 Currently working at Paychex Have worked at Xerox, FujiFilm, and Wegmans Have administered,, and Netezza Have also touched Informix, Postgres, and Mongo ( just weeks ago!) Graduated from RIT Married, 2 kids (both in college) Member of PASS PASS Summit Program Committee 2013,14,15, and 2016 LinkedIn:

3 About the Speakers: Mike DBA since 2010 Currently working at Paychex Have worked at Paetec, Windstream, Thomson Reuters previously Have administered, MySQL, MariaDB, Cassandra, DB2 Using for 4 years Master 2016-present Graduated from Drexel University in Philadelphia Married, 4 kids LinkedIn: Blog:

4 About the Audience: YOU! Professionals Professionals Professionals Other Multiple None of the above

5 Agenda When to use // Terminology Differences Common Tasks in each DB Platform Summary Questions?

6 When to use? Relational Databases ( and ) Complicated querying, database transactions, and routine analysis of data Referential integrity. ACID required Just about anything that fits in a relational model. NoSQL Database () Storing serialized arrays in JSON objects Storing records in the same collection that have different fields or attributes Constantly changing schema Semi-structured data

7 Terminology Differences Relational Databases ( and ) NoSQL Database () Table Row Column Collection Document Field

8 Database Creation

9 Create a Database Create database <dbname> ; CREATE DATABASE Dogs; Create database <dbname> <Parameters> ; EXAMPLE: CREATE DATABASE Dogs USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY password USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY password LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\ Dogs\dogs_redo01.log') SIZE 100M, GROUP 2 ('C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\ Dogs\dogs_redo02.log') SIZE 100M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL DATAFILE 'C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\D ogs\dogs_system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE OR USE DBCA--- use <database name> db.<collection name>.insert({field: value}) use dogs db.breeds.insert({ group : Hound, type: Basset })

10 Object Creation

11 Create a Table CREATE TABLE [ database_name. [ schema_name ]. schema_name. ] table_name ( { <column_definition> } [,...n ] ) [ ; ] CREATE TABLE Dogs.dbo.Basset ( DogID int, Name varchar(30), EarLength int ); create table <table_name> (columns datatypes) tablespace tablespace_name; CREATE TABLE Basset ( DogID number, Name varchar(30), EarLength number ); use <database_name> db.createcollection(name, options) use dogs db.createcollection(basset)

12 Add a Column alter table <table_name> add new_field new_field_datatype; USE DOGS; ALTER TABLE Basset ADD weight int; alter table <table_name> add ( new_field new_field_datatype); ALTER TABLE Basset ADD (weight number); use <database_name> db.collection.update({},{$set: new_field :1}, {upsert:false, multi:true}) use dogs db.basset.update({},{$set: weight : 1}, {upsert: false, multi: true})

13 Create an Index CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1 (col1); USE DOGS; CREATE INDEX IX_DogID ON Basset(DogID); Create index <index_name> on <table_name> <options>; CREATE INDEX DogID_IDX ON Basset(DogID); use <database_name> db.collection.createindex(keys, options) use dogs db.basset.createindex({dogid})

14 Remove a Column alter table <table_name> drop column <column_name>; USE DOGS; ALTER TABLE Basset DROP COLUMN EarLength; alter table <table_name> drop column <column_name>; ALTER TABLE Basset DROP COLUMN EarLength; use <database_name> db.collection.update({},{$unset: new_field :1}, {multi:true}) use dogs db.basset.update({},{$unset : EarLength : 1}, {multi: true})

15 Create a Role CREATE ROLE rolename GO EXAMPLE: USE Dogs; CREATE ROLE DogOwner; GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE on Basset to DogOwner; CREATE ROLE rolename; CREATE ROLE DogOwner; GRANT CREATE SESSION to DogOwner; GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE on Basset to DogOwner; use admin db.createrole({ role: rolename, privileges: [ { resource: { db: appdb, collection: }, actions: [ find ]}], roles: [ { role: read, db: admin }]) EXAMPLE: use admin db.createrole({ role: DogOwner, privileges: [{ resource: { db: basset, collection: }, actions: [ find, insert, update, remove ]}])

16 Create a User CREATE LOGIN [<domainname>\<login_name>] FROM WINDOWS; CREATE LOGIN <login_name> WITH PASSWORD = '<enterstrongpasswordhere>'; USE DBName CREATE USER <new user name> FOR LOGIN <login name>; EXAMPLE: USE master; CREATE LOGIN Owner1 WITH PASSWORD= P@ssw0rd ; USE Dogs; Create USER Owner1 FOR LOGIN Owner1; create user <username> identified by <password>; EXAMPLE: create user owner1 identified by P#ssw0rd; use admin db.createuser({ username: username, pwd: changeme, roles: [ { role: role1, db: appdb }, { role: role2, db: admin }]) EXAMPLE: use admin db.createuser({ username: mongodb, pwd: mongodb, roles: [{ role: dogowner, db: basset }])

17 Assign a Role to a User ALTER ROLE role_name { ADD MEMBER database_principal DROP MEMBER database_principal WITH NAME = new_name } USE Dogs; ALTER ROLE DogOwner ADD MEMBER Owner1; grant role_name to username; GRANT DogOwner to Owner1; use admin db.grantrolestouser( Username, [ roles]) use admin db.grantrolestouser( Owner1, [roles: {role: DogOwner, db: basset }])

18 Querying

19 Insert a Row insert into <tablename> (column1,column2, column3, etc.) VALUES (value1, value2,value3, etc.); INSERT INTO Basset VALUES (1,'Princess Buttercup', '65'); insert into <tablename> (column1,column2, column3, etc.) VALUES (value1, value2,value3, etc.); INSERT INTO Basset VALUES (1,'Princess Buttercup', '65'); use <database_name> db.collection.insert({field: value}) use dogs db.basset.insert({ _id: 1, name : Princess Buttercup, weight : 65})

20 Find a Record select * from <table_name> where <query>; USE Dogs; SELECT * FROM Basset WHERE Name= Princess Buttercup ; select * from <table_name> where <query>; SELECT * FROM Basset WHERE Name= Princess Buttercup ; use <database_name> db.collection.find(query, projection) use Dogs db.basset.find( name : Princess Buttercup })

21 Delete a Row Delete from <tablename> where <query>; Delete from Basset where Dogid = 1 and name = Princess Buttercup and Weight = 65; Delete from <tablename> where <query>; Delete from Basset where Dogid = 1 and name = Princess Buttercup and weight = 65; use <database_name> db.collection.delete({query},{m ulti: true/false}) use dogs db.basset.delete({ _id: 1, name : Princess Buttercup, weight : 65},{multi: true})

22 Backups and Restores

23 Backup a Database Native Backup BACKUP DATABASE { } TO <backup_device> [,...n ] [ <MIRROR TO clause> ] [ next-mirror-to ] [ WITH { DIFFERENTIAL <general_with_options> [,...n ] } ] [;] BACKUP DATABASE [Dogs] TO DISK = N'C:\Backups\Full_Dogs.bak' RMAN BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE; Ops Manager Backup Cloud Manager Backup

24 Restore Database RESTORE DATABASE { } [ FROM <backup_device> [,...n ] ] [;] RESTORE DATABASE [Dogs] FROM DISK = N'C:\Backups\Full_Dogs.bak' Full -> Incremental -> Archive Log *need each incremental taken between the time of the full and the PIT of restore. Then logs are applied. Full -> Incremental -> OpLog *need each incremental taken between the time of the full and the PIT of restore. Then logs are applied.

25 Clean up

26 Drop a Table drop table <table_name> <options>; USE Dogs; DROP TABLE Basset; drop table <table_name> <options>; DROP TABLE Basset; use <database_name> db.collection.drop() use dogs db.basset.drop()

27 Drop a Database drop database <DBname> <options>; USE Master; DROP DATABASE Dogs; drop database <DBname> <options>; Drop database Dogs; db.<db Name>.drop() use admin db.dogs.drop()

28 High Availability / Disaster Recovery

29 Common HA/DR Options Cluster: Failover Clustering DR/Replication: Always on SQL Replication Transactional Merge Snapshot Log Shipping Cluster: RAC DR/Replication: Dataguard Golden Gate Cluster: Sharding DR: Replica Sets

30 Storage Management

31 How do the databases handle storage Datafiles USE [master]; ALTER DATABASE [Dogs] ADD FILE ( NAME = N'Dogs', FILENAME = N'C:\DATA\Dogs_02.ndf', SIZE = 8192KB, FILEGROWTH = 65536KB ) TO FILEGROUP [PRIMARY]; ASM Datafiles alter tablespace basset add datafile +ASM/dogs/datafiles/basset_d ata_02.dbf SIZE 1G autoextend until 32G; Storage Engines MMAPV1 (Memory Mapped Files, 32 MB, 64MB, 128MB.up to 2 GB) Wired Tiger - each collection has its own data files, as does each index. Data can grow up to the max size of the file system.

32 Increase Existing Datafile Size Datafiles USE master; ALTER DATABASE Dogs MODIFY FILE ( NAME = N'Dogs', SIZE = KB ); Datafiles ALTER DATABASE datafile +ASM/dogs/datafiles/basset_data_ 02.dbf RESIZE 100M; N/A

33 Troubleshooting Error Log SQL Agent Log Dynamic Management Views Performance Dashboard SP_WHO2 Activity Monitor Alert Log Listener Log Enterprise Manager Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) Automated Workload Repository(AWR) Active Session History (ASH) Error Log/Profiler Ops Manager/Cloud Manager Compass

34 Summary Today we showed the similarities and differences of several operations within,, and Mongo. The syntax may sometimes be different, however, the database concepts tend to remain the same. We hope this helps DBA s who need to support multiple database platforms start to get a handle on the differences and similarities between,, and.

35 Ways to connect with the User Community PASS SQL Saturday PASS Summit Microsoft Ignite SQLIntersection GroupBy Local Group: PASS Rochester Chapter IOUG Collaborate Open World Local Group: UNYOUG MUG: ongodb World Percona Database Conference Local Group: WNY MUG ern-new-york--user- Group/

36 Questions?