GOLDENGATE A LIVE INTRODUCTION PATRICK HURLEY

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1 GOLDENGATE A LIVE INTRODUCTION PATRICK HURLEY 1

CCENTURE ENKITEC GROUP APABILITIES OVERVIEW Elite Expertise Global systems integrator focused on the Oracle

Exalogic Oracle Database Oracle Engineered Systems Numbers Oracle GoldenGate Oracle Data Integrator Oracle Data

for their technical expertise 700+ Oracle Engineered Systems which AEG have configured, patched or supported.

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additional online resources that demonstrate Accenture s experience and expertise with the OES platform

2 CCENTURE ENKITEC GROUP APABILITIES OVERVIEW Elite Expertise Global systems integrator focused on the Oracle platform Consultants average 15+ years of Oracle experience Oracle Specializations* Oracle Exadata Oracle Exalogic Oracle Database Oracle Engineered Systems Numbers Oracle GoldenGate Oracle Data Integrator Oracle Data Warehouse Worldwide specialist in Engineered Systems implementations 14 Oracle ACE members, recognized by Oracle for their technical expertise 700+ Oracle Engineered Systems which AEG have configured, patched or supported AEG resources which have an average 15+ years of Oracle experience AEG Support across 9 countries 200 Oracle Engineered Systems (Exadata/Exalogic etc) currently under management directly by AEG 200+ customers in either the AEG Managed Services program or remotedba program 50,000 Accenture Oracle IDC resources that can be leveraged for Level 1 & Level 2 support Oracle Real Application Cluster Oracle Performance Tuning Oracle Database Security Success Thought Leadership Our consultants have been published in multiple subject areas and additional online resources that demonstrate Accenture s experience and expertise with the OES platform Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. * Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved 2

3 GOLDENGATE A LIVE INTRODUCTION PATRICK HURLEY GoldenGate moves data: Regular Data Movement between operational databases data warehouse/bi/reporting data to/from: flat files Java message buses Big Data (Hadoop, Kafka etc.) Upgrades/migrations zero/minimal downtime (depends on app) Heterogeneous Cloud Bi-directional (if migrating can go back to original database) 3

4 DR (should really be Data Guard) High Availability (should really be RAC) 1995: data replication, Tandem computers, banks (cashpoints/atms to mainframes) data integrity/zero data loss speed heterogeneous 2009: Oracle Between many relational databases (Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, Teradata etc.) and other source/targets (Hadoop, Kafka, flat files etc.) I'm showing how to do Oracle to Oracle Structure install set up replication key points about this type of replication 3

5 CHECK FOR UNSUPPORTED FEATURES select * from dba_goldengate_support_mode; Classic Extract Scripts (also useful for Integrated Extract): Individual schema: (support.oracle.com) Whole database: (support.oracle.com) Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 4 select * from dba_goldengate_support_mode; onwards unsupported data types tables with no primary or unique keys unsupported data types (caveat: may be supported by Integrated Extract) 4

6 PATCH ORACLE DATABASES 5

8 DOWNLOAD GOLDENGATE 7

9 DOWNLOAD GOLDENGATE oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/goldengate: _fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 8 Older version of GoldenGate for older databases (MOS, Certifications tab) 8

10 INSTALL GOLDENGATE easiest on same server and os user as database can be own server or app server 9

11 INTERACTIVE INSTALLATION 11G DATABASE $ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore $ unzip _fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip $ cd fbo_ggs_linux_x64_shiphome/disk1 $./runinstaller Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 10 install previously unzip, now OUI (in inventory) 10

17 INTERACTIVE INSTALLATION 11G DATABASE $ cat /u01/app/orainventory/contentsxml/inventory.xml <?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>   <INVENTORY> <VERSION_INFO> <SAVED_WITH> </SAVED_WITH> <MINIMUM_VER> </MINIMUM_VER> </VERSION_INFO> <HOME_LIST> <HOME NAME="OraDb11g_home1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/> <HOME NAME="OraHome1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore" TYPE="O" IDX="2"/> </HOME_LIST> <COMPOSITEHOME_LIST> </COMPOSITEHOME_LIST> </INVENTORY> Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

18 SILENT INSTALLATION 12C DATABASE $ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar $ unzip _fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip $ vi poplar.rsp oracle.install.responsefileversion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_ogginstall_response_schema_v12_1_2 INSTALL_OPTION=ORA12c SOFTWARE_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar START_MANAGER=true MANAGER_PORT=7809 DATABASE_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

20 PATCH GOLDENGATE opatch for patches/psus 19

23 CHECK AND PREPARE DATABASES 22

24 PREPARE SOURCE DATABASE SQL> select name, log_mode, supplemental_log_data_min, force_logging from v$database; NAME LOG_MODE SUPPLEME FOR SKYLARK NOARCHIVELOG NO NO SQL> shutdown immediate SQL> startup mount SQL> alter database archivelog; SQL> alter database open; Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 23 archive log mode in case of large lag/outage Production database will usually already be in archive log mode 23

25 PREPARE SOURCE DATABASE SQL> alter database add supplemental log data; SQL> alter database force logging; SQL> alter system switch logfile; SQL> select name, log_mode, supplemental_log_data_min, force_logging from v$database; NAME LOG_MODE SUPPLEME FOR SKYLARK ARCHIVELOG YES YES SQL> alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true scope=both; enable_goldengate_replication parameter available from Oracle onwards Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 24 minimal database level logging (e.g. row-chaining information) enable_goldengate_replication: and above database services used by GoldenGate 24

26 PREPARE TARGET DATABASE SQL> select name, log_mode from v$database; NAME LOG_MODE PENGUIN NOARCHIVELOG SQL> shutdown immediate SQL> startup mount SQL> alter database archivelog; SQL> alter database open; Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

27 PREPARE TARGET DATABASE SQL> select name, log_mode from v$database; NAME LOG_MODE PENGUIN ARCHIVELOG SQL> alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true scope=both; Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

28 CONFIGURE GOLDENGATE 27

29 GOLDENGATE Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 28 Heterogeneous Target (or Source) could be Cloud Not database Data Pump Classic - heterogeneous; uses database log files (Oracle: redo) and SQL Integrated - Oracle specific connected database processes supports more data types Extract ( ) and Replicat ( ) Streams deprecated streams pool Extract Capture Replicat Apply Integrated/non-integrated: can mix; can switch 28

31 CONFIGURE EXTRACT SQL> create tablespace ggate datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/skylark/ggate01.dbf size 20m autoextend on; SQL> create user ggate identified by ggate default tablespace ggate; SQL> grant create session, connect, resource, alter any table, alter system to ggate; SQL> grant select any dictionary to ggate; SQL> exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('ggate','capture'); Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 30 permissions depend on database version and type of capture: DBA permission was needed for classic? grant select any dictionary to ggate prevents: GoldenGate 12.2: ORA on startup of extract on sys.tab$ GoldenGate 12.3: "OGG Could not find definition for SCOTT.BONUS. Error: OCI Err" on add schematrandata scott dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('ggate','capture ) - integrated more privileges needed for DDL support if or earlier 30

32 CONFIGURE EXTRACT $ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore $./ggsci GGSCI (sycamore1) 1> dblogin userid ggate GGSCI (sycamore1) 2> add schematrandata scott :19:44 INFO OGG SCHEMATRANDATA has been added on schema "scott" :19:44 INFO OGG SCHEMATRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on schema "scott". Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 31 GGSCI - GoldenGate Software Command Interpreter supplemental logging of tables: whole schema, alternative is add trandata for individual tables main purpose is primary/unique key logging, so row can be found on target database 31

33 CONFIGURE EXTRACT GGSCI (sycamore1) 3> edit params exscott EXTRACT exscott USERID ggate, PASSWORD ggate EXTTRAIL./dirdat/aa TABLE scott.*; GGSCI (sycamore1) 4> add extract exscott, integrated tranlog, begin now GGSCI (sycamore1) 5> add exttrail./dirdat/aa, extract exscott GGSCI (sycamore1) 6> register extract exscott database Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved character names Methods to avoid clear password (Wallet, credential store) Trail files: default location./dirdat 2 char prefix, 6 digits Register - integrated, e.g. if do not do this extract cannot connect to logminer (also classic - RMAN to keep archive logs) 32

34 CONFIGURE EXTRACT GGSCI (sycamore1) 7> start extract exscott GGSCI (sycamore1) 8> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXSCOTT 00:00:00 00:01:25 Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

DATA PUMP Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved.

36 CONFIGURE DATA PUMP GGSCI (sycamore1) 9> edit params dpscott EXTRACT dpscott PASSTHRU RMTHOST poplar1.localdomain, mgrport 7809 RMTTRAIL./dirdat/bb TABLE scott.*; GGSCI (sycamore1) 10> add extract dpscott, exttrailsource./dirdat/aa GGSCI (sycamore1) 11> add rmttrail./dirdat/bb, extract dpscott Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 35 passthru - no transformations, so no source database for table definitions needed 35

37 CONFIGURE DATA PUMP GGSCI (sycamore1) 12> start extract dpscott GGSCI (sycamore1) 13> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING DPSCOTT 00:00:00 00:03:49 EXTRACT RUNNING EXSCOTT 00:00:05 00:00:03 Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

38 INSTANTIATE TARGET DATABASE Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 37 Instantiation methods: GoldenGate initial load - not Oracle specific Oracle Database Data Pump RMAN (recovery, duplicate from backup or active database) Transportable Tablespaces 37

39 INSTANTIATE TARGET DATABASE On source database server: SQL> select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual; GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER $ vi scott_exp.par dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=scott_exp.log directory=exports flashback_scn= schemas=scott $ expdp system parfile=scott_exp.par $ scp scott.dmp poplar1: Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

40 INSTANTIATE TARGET DATABASE On target database server: $ vi scott_imp.par dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=scott_imp.log directory=exports $ impdp system parfile=scott_imp.par Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

42 CONFIGURE REPLICAT SQL> create tablespace ggate datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/penguin/ggate01.dbf size 20m autoextend on; SQL> create user ggate identified by ggate default tablespace ggate; SQL> grant create session, connect, resource, dba to ggate; SQL> exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('ggate, apply'); Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 41 permissions depend on database version; DBA needed for DDL and sequence support 41

43 CONFIGURE REPLICAT $ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar $./ggsci GGSCI (poplar1) 1> dblogin userid ggate GGSCI (poplar1) 2> edit params rpscott REPLICAT rpscott USERID ggate, PASSWORD ggate ASSUMETARGETDEFS MAP scott.*, TARGET scott.*; GGSCI (poplar1) 3> add replicat rpscott integrated, exttrail./dirdat/bb Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 42 ASSUMETARGETDEFS - source and target have identical column structure 42

44 START REPLICAT GGSCI (poplar1) 4> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING REPLICAT STOPPED RPSCOTT 00:00:00 00:01:26 GGSCI (poplar1) 5> start replicat rpscott, aftercsn GGSCI (poplar1) 6> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING REPLICAT RUNNING RPSCOTT 00:00:07 00:00:09 Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 43 System Change Number - Commit Sequence Number Capture starts from when it was registered, so need to start replicat after csn 43

46 MONITOR GOLDENGATE STATUS 45

47 EXTRACT STATUS GGSCI (sycamore1) 1> info extract exscott EXTRACT EXSCOTT Last Started :23 Status RUNNING Checkpoint Lag 00:00:03 (updated 00:00:03 ago) Process ID Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Integrated Redo Logs :31:23 SCN (461602) Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

48 EXTRACT STATUS GGSCI (sycamore1) 2> info extract exscott, detail EXTRACT EXSCOTT Last Started :23 Status RUNNING Checkpoint Lag 00:00:04 (updated 00:00:03 ago) Process ID Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Integrated Redo Logs :33:23 SCN (461791) Target Extract Trails: Trail Name Seqno RBA Max MB Trail Type./dirdat/aa EXTTRAIL Integrated Extract outbound server first scn: (422356) Integrated Extract outbound server filtering start scn: (422356) Extract Source Begin End Not Available : :33 Not Available * Initialized * :21 Not Available * Initialized * :21 Not Available * Initialized * :21 Current directory Report file Parameter file Checkpoint file Process file Error log /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirrpt/exscott.rpt /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirprm/exscott.prm /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirchk/exscott.cpe /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirpcs/exscott.pce /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/ggserr.log Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 47 Relative Byte Address (RBA) - position in the trail file 47

49 DATA PUMP STATUS GGSCI (sycamore1) 3> info extract dpscott EXTRACT DPSCOTT Last Started :43 Status RUNNING Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:05 ago) Process ID Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa :36: RBA Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

50 DATA PUMP STATUS GGSCI (sycamore1) 4> info extract dpscott, detail EXTRACT DPSCOTT Last Started :43 Status RUNNING Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:06 ago) Process ID Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa :38: RBA Target Extract Trails: Trail Name Seqno RBA Max MB Trail Type./dirdat/bb RMTTRAIL Extract Source Begin End /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa * Initialized * :38 /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa * Initialized * First Record./dirdat/aa * Initialized * First Record Current directory Report file Parameter file Checkpoint file Process file Error log /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirrpt/dpscott.rpt /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirprm/dpscott.prm /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirchk/dpscott.cpe /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirpcs/dpscott.pce /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/ggserr.log Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

51 TRAIL FILE STATUS GGSCI (sycamore1) 5> info exttrail * Extract Trail:./dirdat/bb Seqno Length: 9 Flip Seqno Length: no Extract: DPSCOTT Seqno: 0 RBA: File Size: 500M Extract Trail:./dirdat/aa Seqno Length: 9 Flip Seqno Length: no Extract: EXSCOTT Seqno: 0 RBA: File Size: 500M Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

52 STATISTICS FOR EXTRACT GGSCI (sycamore1) 6> stats extract exscott Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EXSCOTT... Start of Statistics at :43:53. Output to./dirdat/aa: Extracting from SCOTT.PRODUCT to SCOTT.PRODUCT: *** Total statistics since :23:57 *** Total inserts 0.00 Total updates Total deletes 0.00 Total discards 0.00 Total operations *** Daily statistics since :23:57 *** Total inserts 0.00 Total updates Total deletes 0.00 Total discards 0.00 Total operations *** Hourly statistics since :00:00 *** Total inserts 0.00 Total updates Total deletes 0.00 Total discards 0.00 Total operations *** Latest statistics since :23:57 *** Total inserts 0.00 Total updates Total deletes 0.00 Total discards 0.00 Total operations End of Statistics. Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

53 REPORT FOR EXTRACT GGSCI (sycamore1) 7> view report exscott *********************************************************************** Oracle GoldenGate Capture for Oracle Version OGGCORE_ _PLATFORMS_ _FBO Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Jul :34:23 Copyright (C) 1995, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Starting at :22:53 *********************************************************************** Operating System Version: Linux Version #2 SMP Fri Oct 21 14:23:10 PDT 2016, Release el6uek.x86_64 Node: sycamore1.localdomain Machine: x86_64 soft limit hard limit Address Space Size : unlimited unlimited Heap Size : unlimited unlimited File Size : unlimited unlimited CPU Time : unlimited unlimited *********************************************************************** ** Run Time Messages ** *********************************************************************** :23:21 INFO OGG Setting session time zone to source database time zone 'GMT' :23:56 INFO OGG Wildcard MAP (TABLE) resolved (entry scott.*): TABLE "SCOTT"."PRODUCT" :23:57 INFO OGG Using the following key columns for source table SCOTT.PRODUCT: PRD_ID :23:57 INFO OGG Wildcard MAP (TABLE) resolved (entry scott.*): TABLE "SCOTT"."PRODUCT" :23:57 INFO OGG Using the following key columns for source table SCOTT.PRODUCT: PRD_ID :43:53 INFO OGG Command received from GGSCI: STATS. Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

54 REPLICAT STATUS GGSCI (poplar1) 1> info replicat rpscott REPLICAT RPSCOTT Last Started :23 Status RUNNING INTEGRATED Checkpoint Lag 00:00:09 (updated 00:00:10 ago) Process ID Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb :19: RBA Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

55 REPLICAT STATUS GGSCI (poplar1) 2> info replicat rpscott, detail REPLICAT RPSCOTT Last Started :23 Status RUNNING INTEGRATED Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:06 ago) Process ID Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb :20: RBA INTEGRATED Replicat DBLOGIN Provided, inbound server name is OGG$RPSCOTT in ATTACHED state Current Log BSN value: (no data) Low Watermark CSN value: (All source transactions prior to this scn have been applied) High Watermark CSN value: (Some source transactions between this scn and the low watermark may have been applied) Extract Source Begin End /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb * Initialized * :20 /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb * Initialized * First Record./dirdat/bb * Initialized * First Record Current directory Report file Parameter file Checkpoint file Process file Error log /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirrpt/rpscott.rpt /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirprm/rpscott.prm /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirchk/rpscott.cpr /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirpcs/rpscott.pcr /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/ggserr.log Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

56 REPLICAT LAG GGSCI (poplar1) 3> lag replicat rpscott Sending GETLAG request to REPLICAT RPSCOTT... Last record lag 4 seconds. Low watermark lag: 8. High watermark lag: 5. Low watermark position: High watermark position: At EOF, no more records to process Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

57 STOP AND START AN EXTRACT OR REPLICAT GGSCI (sycamore1) 8> stop extract exscott Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXSCOTT... Request processed. GGSCI (sycamore1) 9> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING DPSCOTT 00:00:00 00:00:01 EXTRACT STOPPED EXSCOTT 00:00:02 00:00:07 GGSCI (sycamore1) 10> start extract exscott Sending START request to MANAGER... EXTRACT EXSCOTT starting Log file: /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/ggserr.log Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

HEALTH CHECK FOR INTEGRATED EXTRACT AND REPLICAT 1448324.

60 LOGICAL REPLICATION Logical not Physical Replication (cf. Physical Data Guard or storage replication), where do not need to worry about contents SQL not blocks That's how it can: cross database type cross platform cross endian character set conversion subset of database/tables subset of rows: filtering on source (capture) or target (apply) transform 59

62 LOGICAL REPLICATION Some data types are not supported Must be able to uniquely identify a row Set based operations become row-by-row operations blog.dbvisit.com/3-fundamentals-of-oracle-replication-part-1-of-3 Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. 61 Uniquely identify: PK/UK, otherwise concatenates all columns - may or may not guarantee uniqueness, or KEYCOLS hence extra supplemental logging - PK/UK data into the redo logs Set based row-by-row: Redo: block changes, not SQL 61

63 SET BASED OPERATIONS BECOME ROW-BY-ROW OPERATIONS Execute a multiple row update statement on source database: SQL> update scott.emp set hiredate = sysdate; 14 rows updated. Statement uses table access full: Id Operation Name Rows Bytes Cost (%CPU) Time UPDATE STATEMENT 3 (100) 1 UPDATE EMP 2 TABLE ACCESS FULL EMP (0) 00:00: Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

64 SET BASED OPERATIONS BECOME ROW-BY-ROW OPERATIONS On target database GoldenGate Replicat executes statement below, many times: UPDATE /*+ restrict_all_ref_cons */ "SCOTT"."EMP" SET "HIREDATE"=:1 WHERE "EMPNO"=:2 Statement uses index access: Id Operation Name Rows Bytes Cost (%CPU) UPDATE STATEMENT 1 (100) 1 UPDATE EMP * 2 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN PK_EMP (0) Predicate Information (identified by operation id): access("empno"=:2) Copyright 2017 Accenture All rights reserved

65 GOLDENGATE A LIVE INTRODUCTION PATRICK HURLEY Covered install set up replication had to discard more content than I have included: filtering (table or row) handling replication errors parallelism (performance) key points about logical replication Whet appetite, get started 64

ORACLE GOLDENGATE 12C IMPLEMENTER S GUIDE

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GoldenGate: An Introduction

GoldenGate: An Introduction Patrick Hurley Accenture Enkitec Group Keywords: GoldenGate, logical replication, migration Introduction GoldenGate is a product that can move data from a source data store