(Structured Query Language)

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1 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA HALDWANI 2 ND SHIFT CLASS XII SESSION DATABASE CONCEPTS, SQL ISSUED DATE: SUBMITTED DATE: ============================================================================== 1. What is a database system? What is its need? 2. What are the various data models available for database systems? 3. What are views? Define with an example? Give two advantages of views? 4. What is data redundancy? What are the problems associated with it? 5. Differentiate between Candidate Key, Primary Key and Alternate Key in context of RDBMS. 7. What is the function of select and project operation? Give one example of each. 8. What is the output of following relational algebra queries? TABLE: ITEMS P_ID ItemName Manufacturer Price PC01 Personal Computer ABC LC05 Laptop ABC PC03 Personal Computer XYZ PC06 Personal Computer COMP LC03 Laptop PQR i) σ price>37000 (Items) ii) σ price>37000 ^ price<55500 (Items) iii) π ItemName, Price (Items) iv) π ItemName (σ price>=37000 (Items)) (Structured Query Language) 1. What are DDL and DML? Give two examples of each. 2. What do you mean by SQL? Give its two features? 3. Differentiate between SQL commands DROP TABLE and DROP VIEW. 4. Give the difference between DROP and DELETE Command of SQL with an example. 5. What do you mean by data type? Give examples of SQL data types? 6. What is the difference between char and varchar2 data types? 7. What do you mean by constraint? Give its examples. Write similarity and dissimilarity between primary key and unique constraints? 8. What are the use of check and default constraints? 9. By which keyword you can eliminate redundant data for a particular column? 10. What are the two difference between where and having clause of a select query? 11. What do you mean by dual table? What is its use? 12. What are aggregate functions? Give its example & explain anyone with an example. 13. Study the following tables FLIGHTS and FARES and write SQL commands for the questions (i) to (iv) and give outputs for SQL queries (v) to (vi). TABLE: FLIGHTS FL_NO STARTING ENDING NO_FLIGHTS NO STOPS IC301 MUMBAI DELHI 8 0 IC799 BANGALORE DELHI 2 1 MC101 INDORE MUMBAI 3 0 IC302 DELHI MUMBAI 8 0 AM812 KANPUR BANGALORE 3 1 IC899 MUMBAI KOCHI 1 4

2 AM501 DELHI TRIVANDRUM 1 5 MU499 MUMBAI MADRAS 3 3 IC701 DELHI AHMEDABAD 4 0 TABLE: FARES FL_NO AIRLINES FARE TAX% 1C701 Indian Airlines MU499 Sahara AM501 Jet Airways IC899 Indian Airlines C302 Indian Airlines C799 Indian Airlines MC101 Deccan Airlines i. Display FL_NO and NO_FLIGHTS from KANPUR to BANGALORE from the table FLIGHTS. ii. Display the contents of the table FLIGHTS in the ascending order of FL_NO. iii. Display the FL_NO and fare to be paid for the flights from DELHI to MUMBAI using the tables FLIGHTS and FARES, where the fare to be paid = FARE + FARE * TAX%/100. iv. Display the minimum fare Indian Airlines is offering from the table FARES. v. SELECT FL_NO, NO_FLIGHTS, AIRLINES from FLIGHTS, FARES where STARTING= DELHI and FLIGHTS.FL_NO=FARES.FL_NO; vi. SELECT count (distinct ENDING) from FLIGHTS; 14. Consider the following tables Item and Customer. Write SQL commands for the statements (i) to (iv) and give output for SQL queries (v) to (viii). TABLE: ITEM I_ID ItemName Manufacturer Price PC01 Personal Computer ABC LC05 Laptop ABC PC03 Personal Computer XYZ PC06 Personal Computer COMP LC03 Laptop PQR TABLE : CUSTOMER C_ID CustomerName City I_ID 01 N Roy Delhi LC03 06 H Singh Mumbai PC03 12 R Pandey Delhi PC06 15 C Sharma Delhi LC03 16 K Agarwal Bangalore PC01

(i) To display the details of those Customers whose City is Delhi. (ii) To display the details of Items whose Price is in the range of 35000 to 55000 (Both values included).

Item. (v) SELECT DISTINCT City FROM Customer; (vi) SELECT ItemName, MAX(Price), Count(*) FROM Item GROUP BY ItemName; (vii) SELECT CustomerName, Manufacturer FROM Item, Customer WHERE Item.

3 (i) To display the details of those Customers whose City is Delhi. (ii) To display the details of Items whose Price is in the range of to (Both values included). (iii) To display the CustomerName, City from table Customer and ItemName and Price from table Item, with their corresponding matching I_ID (iv) To increase the Price of all Items by 1000 in the table Item. (v) SELECT DISTINCT City FROM Customer; (vi) SELECT ItemName, MAX(Price), Count(*) FROM Item GROUP BY ItemName; (vii) SELECT CustomerName, Manufacturer FROM Item, Customer WHERE Item.I_Id=Customer.I_Id; (viii) SELECT ItemName, Price * 100 FROM Item WHERE Manufacturer='ABC'; ================================================================= BOOLEAN ALGEBRA ================================================================== 1. State and verify Associative,Distributive, Absorption, Idempotence, Complementarity, Commutative law in Boolean Algebra algebraically. 2. State and verify De Morgan s theorem. 3. State and verify second Distributive law by algebraic method in Boolean Algebra. 4. State Involution Law and verify the same using truth table. 5. Verify the following algebraically: X.Y + X.Y = (X +Y )(X+Y) 6. Verify the following using Truth table: X+Y.Z=(X+Y).(X+Z) 7. Verify the following using Truth table: (i) X.X =0 (ii) X+1=1 8. Write the equivalent expression for the following logical circuit: 9. Express P+Q R in canonical POS form. 10. Express P + QR in canonical SOP form. 11. Draw a Logical Circuit Diagram for the following Boolean Expression: A. (B + C') 12. Draw logical circuit diagram for the following Boolean expression. F= AB + B C + C A 13. Reduce the following Boolean expression using K-Map: F(P,Q,R,S)= (l,3,5,8,11,12,15 ) 14. Reduce the following Boolean expression using K-Map: F(P, Q, R, S) = π (0,3,5,6,7, 11, 12, 15) 15. Reduce the following Boolean expression using K-Map. F(P, Q,R, S) = (0,3,5,6,7,11,12,15) 16. Convert the following Boolean expression, into its equivalent Canonical Product of Sum Form(POS) : A. B'.C + A'. B. C + A'. B. C' 17. Reduce the following Boolean expression using K - Map: F (A, B, C, D) = π (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 15) 18. Write the equivalent Canonical Product of Sum Expression for the following Sum of Product Expression F(X, Y, Z) = (0, 2, 4, 5)

4 19. Reduce the following Boolean expression using K-Map: F(A, B, C, D) = π (5,6,7,8,9,12,13,14,15) 20. Convert the following Boolean expression into its equivalent Canonical Sum of Product Form(SOP): (X +Y+Z ).(X +Y+Z).(X +Y +Z).(X +Y +Z ). 21. Write the equivalent canonical POS expression for the following SOP expression: F(x,y,z)=Σ(0,2,5,6). 22. Prove that XY+YZ+YZ =Y algebraically. 23. Design (A+B).(C+D) using NOR Gate. 24. State Duality principle. Give the dual of the expression: FT+T Y 25. Reduce the following Boolean expressions using K-Map: i) F(A,B,C,D)= (0,1,2,4,5,8,9,10,11) ii) F (A, B, C, D) = (0,2,3,4,6,7,8,10,12) iii) F(A,B,C,D)= π (0,1,2,4,5,6,8,10) viii) F(A,B,C,D) = π (5,6,7,8,9,12,13,14,15) 26. Write the POS form of a Boolean function F, which is represented in a truth table as follows: U V W F Write the SOP form of a Boolean function G, which is represented in a truth table as follows: P Q R G

5 ===================================================== Networking Concepts ===================================================== 1. Define the term Bandwidth. Give unit of Bandwidth. 2. Define the term firewall. 3. What is the importance of URL in networking? 4. Give one suitable example of each URL and Domain Name. 5. Name two transmission media for networking. 6. Differentiate between Hackers and Crackers. 7. Explain function of Modem and Switch. 8. Write one advantage & disadvantage of BUS topology as compared to STAR topology. 9. Differentiate between Internet and Intranet. 10. Write one difference between coaxial and optical cable. 11. Define Packet Switching and message switching. 12. Name two switching techniques used to transfer data between two terminals (computers). 13. Write two application of Cyber Law. 14. Which out of the following comes under Cyber Crime? (i) Operating someone s Internet banking account, without his knowledge. (ii) Stealing a keyboard from someone s computer. (iii) Working on someone s computer with his/her permission. 15. What do you understand by the terms Cookies? 16. Which of the following unit measures the speed with which data can be transmitted from one node to another node of a network? Also, give the expansion of the suggested unit. (i) Mbps (ii) KMph (iii) MGps 17What is bleeding of signal? 18. Which of the following is not a unit for data transfer rate? (i) mbps (ii) kbps (iii) sbps (iv) gbps 19. What out of the following, will you use to have an audio- visual chat with an expert sitting in a far-away place to fix up a technical issue? (i) VoIP (ii) (iii) FTP 21. Which communication medium is to be suggested for very effective and fast communication in guided medium? 22. Which media have the ability to communicate over oceans? 23. What is the difference between microwave and radio wave transmission? 24. What is baud? 25. What do you mean by transmission media? Give one example each of guided media and unguided media? 26. What are router, gateway, bridge, switch and repeater? 27. Explain function of hub and router. 28. What is the difference between XML and HTML? 29. What is WEB2.0? 30. Differentiate between Telnet & FTP.? 31. Expand the following terminologies: CDMA, GSM, HTML, XML, SMS, MAN, WAN, LAN, FTP, WWW, URL, HTTP, PPP, SLIP, TCP/IP, WLL, RJ-45, ARPANET, ISP, DHTML, SIM, GPRS, ISDN, W3C, TDMA, FSF, OSI, GNU, FLOSS, OSS. 32. What is the purpose of using a Web Browser? Name any two commonly used Web Browser. 33. Give difference between LAN, MAN and WAN. 34. In networking, what is WAN? How is it different from LAN?

6 35. What is protocol? Which protocol is used to copy a file from/to a remotely located server? 36. What is the difference between Virus and Worms in the computers? 37. What term do we use for a software/hardware device, which is used to block unauthorized access while permitting authorized communication? This term is also used for a device or set of devices configured to permit, deny, encrypt, decrypt, or proxy all (in and out) computer traffic between different security domains based upon a set of rules and other criteria. 38. Name one server side scripting language and one client side scripting language. 39. Out of the following, identify client side scripts and server side sripts. (i) VB script (ii) Java scripts (iii) ASP (iv) JSP 40. Which of the following is not a client side script. (ii) VB script (ii) Java scripts (iii) ASP (iv) PHP 41. Knowledge Supplement Organization has set up its new center at Mangalore for its office and web based activities. It has 4 blocks of buildings as shown in the diagram below: Block A Block C Block B Block D Center to center distances between various blocks Black A to Block B 50 m Block B to Block C 150 m Block C to Block D 25 m Block A to Block D 170 m Block B to Block D 125 m Block A to Block C 90 m Number of Computers Black A 25 Block B 50 Block C 125 Block D 10 e1) Suggest a cable layout of connections between the blocks. e2) Suggest the most suitable place (i.e. block) to house the server of this organization with a suitable reason. e3) Suggest the placement of the following devices with justification (i) Repeater (ii) Hub/Switch e4) The organization is planning to link its front office situated in the city in a hilly region where cable connection is not feasible, suggest an economic way to connect it with reasonably high speed? e5) The organization is planning to connect its International Office situated in Mumbai. Which out of the following wired communication links, will you suggest for a very high speed connectivity? Telephone Analog Lines Optical Fiber Ethernet Cable

7 42. Ravya Industries has set up its new center at Kaka Nagar for its office and web based activities. The company compound has 4 buildings as shown in the diagram below: Raj Fazz Harsh Jazz Center to center distances between various buildings is as follows: Harsh to Raj 50 m Raz to Fazz 60 m Fazz to Jazz 25 m Jazz to Harsh 170 m Harsh to Fazz 125 m Raj to Jazz 90 m Number of Computers in each of the buildings is follows: Harsh 15 Raj 150 Fazz 15 Jazz Bulding 25 e1) Suggest a cable layout of connections between the buildings. e2) Suggest the most suitable place (i.e. building) to house the server of this organisation with a suitable reason. e3) Suggest the placement of the following devices with justification: (i) Internet Connecting Device/Modem (ii) Switch e4) The organisation is planning to link its sale counter situated in various parts of the same city, which type of network out of LAN, MAN or WAN will be formed? Justify your answer.

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