IST 210: Organization of Data

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1 IST 210: Organization of Data Todd S. Bacastow Melissa Reid 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 1

2 Class Administration Instructor and Assistant Todd S. Bacastow Melissa Reid Course logistics On-line material/text Syllabus Office Hours Bacastow Monday - Friday, 224 EES Building, By Appointment 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 2

3 Texts Required Texts: Online IST Student Roadmap Raghu Ramakrishnan and Johannes Gehrke, Database Management Systems, Third Edition. Mass: McGraw-Hill, 2003 Optional Resources: David Buser, Jon Duckett, Brian Francis, John Kauffman, Juan T Llibre, David Sussman, Chris Ullman, Beginning Active Server Pages 3.0. WROX Press. ISBN: James R. Groff, and Paul N. Weinberg, 1999, SQL: The Complete Reference. Osborne/MacGraw-Hill, Berkeley, CA. ISBN: /9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 3

4 Grading Module 0 Assignment Number of Course Assignments 20 Points Problem Documents 100 points each 200 Points Problem Presentations 50 points each 100 Points Self and Team Evaluations 25 points each 50 Points Module 1 and 2 Quizzes 100 points each 200 Points Discussion Activities 5 points each 60 Points Spot Quizzes 5 points each 50 Points Lab Activities 25 points each 150 Points Total Point Value 830 Points 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 4

5 Course Goals Provide an introduction to databases and database technologies Demonstrate an understanding of database modeling techniques and the design process Demonstrate the fundamentals of SQL Present issues relating to database management and administration Understand the implications and future directions of databases and database technologies 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 5

6 What is a Database General collection of information that exists over a long period of time IST 210 a collection of data that is managed by a database management system (DBMS) 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 6

7 Definition (cont d) A very large, integrated collection of data A shared collection of logically related data designed to meet the information needs of an organization Models real-world enterprise Entities (e.g., students, courses) Relationships (e.g., Madonna is taking IST 210) 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 7

8 Important Elements Three key elements of database definition: Shared Interrelated Predefined applications Side notes: Database is an abstraction of the real world Data becomes information only when they are used to provide answers to questions 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 8

9 ? Why Study Databases?? Shift from computation to information Focus on the way to structure information Datasets increasing in diversity and volume. Digital libraries, interactive video, e-commerce... need for DBMS exploding DBMS encompasses most of the information technology OS, languages, theory, multimedia, logic, web 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 9

10 3 Aspects to Studying DBMS s Database modeling and design Programming queries and DB operations DBMS implementation 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 10

11 Why Database Design? 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 11

12 Database Management System (DBMS) DBMS: A software system that enables users to define, create, and maintain the database and which provides controlled access to this database. Provide a layer between user application programs and the data Data Definition Language Data Manipulation Language 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 12

13 What does a DBMS do? Database management systems: Provide efficient and secure access to large amounts of data. Address problems such as: How to store the data How to query data efficiently How to update the data securely (by multiple users) Contrast with using file systems for the same task 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 13

14 Typical DBMS Functions Storage management High level query and data manipulation language Efficient query processing Transaction processing Resiliency: recovery from crashes Interface with programming languages 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 14

15 File-based Processing 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 15

16 Problems with File-based Systems Same data is stored in multiple places. Inconsistencies! We need to write special programs for each user question Data can be corrupted due to system crash while change is made. User programs are not easy to share data or evolve 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 16

17 Database Management System (DBMS) 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 17

18 DBMS Advantages Control of data redundancy Have a central depository of all data and their descriptions Same information stored only once Data Integrity Controlled access to database Data independence Concurrent Access Crash recovery 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 18

19 DBMS Disadvantages Complexity Cost of DBMS software, hardware and data conversion Performance Higher impact of a failure 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 19

20 DBMS Applications Bank systems Airline reservation systems Corporate (or student) records Store sales records Patient electronic medical records Internet search engines Multimedia search engines DNA sequence search engines 1/9/2005 Todd S. Bacastow 20

EECS3421 Introduction to Database Management Systems. Thanks to John Mylopoulos and Ryan Johnson for material in these slides

EECS3421 Introduction to Database Management Systems Thanks to John Mylopoulos and Ryan Johnson for material in these slides Overview What is a database? Course administrivia The relational model 2 What