jasonjuwono twentyfifteen TYPEDIA _ Typography Encyclopedia

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1 TYPEDIA _ Typography Encyclopedia

2 ANATOMY_ Anatomy of a typeface

3 Anatomy of a typeface What is a Font & Typeface? A design for a set of characters. A font is the combination of typeface and other qualities, such as size, pitch, and spacing. For example, Times Roman is a typeface that defines the shape of each character. Within Times Roman, however, there are many fonts to choose from -- different sizes, italic, bold, and so on. What is Special Characters? A character that is not a letter, number, symbol, or punctuation mark. Control characters, for example, are special characters, as are special formatting characters such as paragraph marks. {úæêöèµ²ºæª-$ Italic? In typography, italic refers to fonts with characters slanted to the right. An italic font, however, often includes one or more character shapes, such as the a and the f, that differ from those in the roman font of the same family. Caps? Short for capital letters. For example, "all caps" means all letters capitalized. CAPS no caps one

4 Anatomy of a typeface Lower and Upper case? Small letters, as opposed to capital letters. The word yes, for example, is in lowercase, while the word YES is in uppercase. UPPER lower What is Colour? Type color is an element of typography that describes how dense or heavy the text appears on the page. Finding the correct balance of type color and white space can make text more easily readable. Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. What is Contrast? The arrangement of opposite elements in a piece so as to create visual interest excitement and drama. ConTRAST What is a Baseline? In typography, the imaginary line on which characters sit. The x-height of a font is measured from the baseline to the top of a lowercase x. The descender, for those characters that have one, is defined as the portion of the character that falls below the baseline. BASELINE two

5 Anatomy of a typeface What is a Body Height? In typography, the body height refers to the distance between the top of the tallest letter form to the bottom of the lowest one. What is a x-height? In typography, the height of a lowercase x in a specific font. This is also called the body height, as it represents the height of the lowercase character's body, excluding ascenders and descenders. What is Leading? A typographical term that refers to the vertical space between lines of text. The word derives from the fact that typographers once used thin strips of lead to separate lines. Body Height X THIS IS LEADING What is Kerning? In typography, kerning refers to adjusting the space between characters, especially by placing two characters closer together than normal. KERNING three

6 Anatomy of a typeface What is Point? In typography, a point is about 1/72 of an inch and is used to measure the height of characters. POINT What is Alignment? When used to describe text, the arrangement of text or graphics relative to a margin. Flush left alignment means that text is lined up along the left margin. Flush right alignment lines up text along the right margin. Centered alignment means that text is aligned around a midpoint. Justified alignment means that text lines up along both margins. What is Serif & Sans Serif? A small decorative line added as embellishment to the basic form of a character. Typefaces are often described as being serif or sans serif (without serifs). Serif San Serif four

7 Anatomy of a typeface What is Variables? These are the individual controls that you have to change words, sentences & paragraphs and give them more emphasis or to enhance their specific meaning. The amount of attention (or lack of) that is paid to their use will have a direct effect on the efficiency and creativity of your design. Regular, BOLD, italics, condensed, expanded What is Superfamilies? When it comes to type, super families are both super-sized and super-talented: they offer a wide and varied selection of weights and styles that shine as individuals but combine harmoniously when used together. Moon light BOLD five

8 Anatomy of a typeface APERTURE? Opening at the end of an open counter. Arm? A horizontal stroke not connected on one or both ends. Ascender? An upward vertical stroke found on lowercase letters that extends above the typeface s x-height. bowl? A curved stroke that encloses a letter s counter. counter? Fully or partially enclosed space within a letter. And Eve Fish Eat Oar crossbar? A horizontal stroke. descender? A downward vertical stroke found on lowercase letters that extends below the baseline. Hip day six

9 Anatomy of a typeface Diagonal stroke? An angled stroke. ear? A small stroke projecting from the upper right bowl of some lowercase g s. finial? A tapered or curved end. hairline? The thin strokes of a serif typeface. ligature? Two or more letters are joined together to form one glyph. link? A stroke that connects the top and bottom bowls of lowercase double-story g s. loop? The enclosed or partially enclosed counter below the baseline of a double-story g. Air gift live doll flag gift gate seven

10 Anatomy of a typeface shoulder? A curved stroke originating from a stem. small caps? Uppercase characters that appear as a smaller size than the capital height of a typeface. Short for small capitals. spine? The main curved stroke for a capital and lowercase s. spur? A small projection from a curved stroke. stem? Primary vertical stroke. tail? A descending stroke, often decorative. hop HH Sale Get Ll Rat terminal? The end of a stroke that lacks a serif. fox eight

11 CLASSIFICATION_ Description of a typeface

12 Description of a typeface Humanist or Old Style The roman typefaces of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries emulated classical calligraphy. Sabon was designed by Jan Tschichold in 1966, based on the sixteenth-century typefaces of Claude Garamond Transitional These typefaces have sharper serifs and a more vertical axis than humanist letters. When the typefaces of John Baskerville were introduced in the mid-eighteenth century, their sharp forms and high contrast were considered shocking Modern The typefaces designed by Giambattista Bodoni in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries are radically abstract. Note the thin, straight serifs; vertical axis; and sharp contrast from thick to thin strokes. 19th century Egyptian or Slab Serif Numerous bold and decorative typefaces were introduced in the nineteenth century for use in advertising. Egyptian typefaces have heavy, slablike serifs. 1800s nine

13 Description of a typeface Humanist Sans Serif Sans-serif typefaces became common in the twentieth century. Gill Sans, designed by Eric Gill in 1928, has humanist characteristics. Note the small, lilting counter in the letter a, and the calligraphic variations in line weight Transitional San Serif Helvetica, designed by Max Miedinger in 1957, is one of the world s most widely used typefaces. Its uniform, upright character makes it similar to transitional serif letters. These fonts are also referred to as anonymous sans serif Geometric Sans Serif Some sans-serif types are built around geometric forms. In Futura, designed by Paul Renner in 1927, the Os are perfect circles, and the peaks of the A and M are sharp triangles ten Examples of Typography

14 GALLERY_ fourteen

15 jasonjuwono twentyfifteen Examples of Typography 1 I have chosen this example as it the typeface was really interesting to me. The typeface is made out of the letter outline to create that wood texture like. 2 This was another interesting typography example i have chosen. The font is not like anything else I have seen before, it works very well and I personally like it. The way the font is bold and fat gives it a nice character to the font. 3 This one is made up of little tiny dots that makes up the outline of the letters. Instead of having each individual text having a base, the dots are what creates the base. eleven fifteen

16 jasonjuwono twentyfifteen Examples of Typography 4 This typography works very well together and is very clear. Nothing fancy and detail just straight to the point clear letters with a good spacing between each letters. 5 Once again nice clear font with nice spacing between each other. This creates it really easy to read and identify. twelve

17 jasonjuwono twentyfifteen Examples of Typography 6 A nice thin/light font is a very interesting and cool font to use in my opinion. This typography has shown that to emphasis something you are not required to use bold font. This font is not bold, but yet is the focus of the poster. 7 Lowercase and serif, one of the most sophisticated, but yet interesting font to use. thirteen

18 jasonjuwono twentyfifteen Examples of Typography 8 Once again simple, clear and thin, but yet so visible and alerting. 9 The famous coca cola font interest everybody as it is one of the most iconic typography and most famous font in the world. fourteen

19 jasonjuwono twentyfifteen Examples of Typography 10 This was interesting to me as the letters are not the normal alphabet style letters you see everyday. Each characters have their own unique style and form which made it very interesting. fifteen

20 REFERENCES_

21 Websites Book Thinking with Type : A Critical Guide for Designers, Writers, Editors, and Students (2nd Edition) by Ellen Lupton