Challenges of Digital Media Preservation. Karen Cariani, Director Media Library and Archives

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1 Challenges of Digital Media Preservation Karen Cariani, Director Media Library and Archives

2 Who we are: WGBH Media Library and Archives 2

3 Challenges 3 Challenges for Born Digital Media Access vs Preservation re: file size New and Many Capture Formats New Workflows for Metadata Capture Given these challenges: how best to store

4 Digital Content formats 4 HD Acquisition Codecs 720p 1080i 1080p Video Sample Audio Container Mbps Sample 10 Bit # Bits DCT HDCam [1] 140 3:1: Tape DVCProHD@24p 40 4:2: DV-AVI, DV-DIF, MXF, QuickTime & Tape DVCProHD-720p 100 4:2: DV-AVI, DV-DIF, MXF, QuickTime & Tape DVCProHD-1080i 100 4:2: DV-AVI, DV-DIF, MXF, QuickTime & Tape Avid DNxHD 145 4:2: MXF & QuickTime Avid DNxHD 220 4:2: MXF & QuickTime Apple ProRes 145 4:2: QuickTime Apple ProRes HQ 220 4:2: QuickTime Wavelet Red RGB or 4:2: REDCODE & QuickTime MPEG2 Long GOP HDV 25 4:2:0 2 MP1 M2T, MXF, QuickTime & Tape XDCamHD :2: DV-AVI, MP4, MXF & QuickTime XDCam :2: DV-AVI, MP4, MXF & QuickTime XDCamEX 25 4:2: DV-AVI, MP4, MXF & QuickTime XDCamEX 35 4:2: DV-AVI, MP4, MXF & QuickTime GFCam 50 4:2: MXF Canon C :2: MXF MPEG2 I-frame GFCam 100 4:2: MXF H.264 AVCHD PS 28 4:2:2* 2 AC3 MTS, MP4 AVCHD 24 4:2:0 2 AC3 MTS, MP4 & QuickTime AVCHD@ :2:0 2 AC3 MTS, MP4 & QuickTime Canon 5DMKII 38 4:2: QuickTime Nikon D :2:0** 2 16 QuickTime H.264 I-frame AVCIntra 50 4:2: MXF AVCIntra 100 4:2: MXF MPEG4 Studio Profile HDCamSR [2] 440 4:2:2/4:4: DPX, Tape HDCamSR-HQ [2] 880 4:2:2/4:4: DPX, Tape *Sony FS100 HDMI output ** 4:2:2 HDMI output [1] Tape format for comparison [2] Tape with DPX file out D. MacCarn, WGBH

5 For Access: Data organizational Issues 5 Technical Metadata Characterize files Descriptive metadata Need description for video to be useful, findable How to capture that How to make sure it is linked to video files

6 Original Footage 6

7 Metadata Entry in the Field: 7 In-camera - encourage tagging files with data. User-generated clip naming --- (Health001, Health002) Card Labeling Content Labeling through folder structures

8 Folder Structure 8 Create folders by card Assign unique number Continue numbers Add description Place ENTIRE card contents into this folder!!

9 Video, Video, Where for art thou video? 9

10 Storage and retrieval 10 How do we: Capture the audio and video generated by myriad cameras Store the project information to allow potential re-edit Store files with rich, meaningful metadata Store born-digital materials Display and retrieve born-digital materials

11 Proposed tapeless workflow 11 Create a mapping document between filemaker and DAM Used to generate an xml stylesheet Video is ingested simultaneously with the metadata from filemaker using the xml stylesheet Technical metadata is ingested simultaneously with the video and production data using the xml generated by the source digital files

12 Challenges of preservation and access 12 For preservation Want to capture as close to original as possible Originals may be many different formats Will need to make sure you can export File format issues playback in future Fixity check big files For access Want one consistent proxy format for playback/access Needs to be easy to migrate, use

13 Challenges - again 13 Access issues File size Formats to playback Useable - Search/findable > Metadata > Organize files Preservation issues Copies Formats for migration Being able to play again later Speed of access (big file size) to use/process Migration ease

14 Insert graphic 14 Blacklight Hydra heads Hydra mgmt layer Fedora repository HSM storage system

15 Preservation Needs 15 Multiple Copies Validity check sum Regular storage migration Persistence File format issues Migration ease Future playback Fixity check big files Big files Speed of access of preservation files for reuse/ Processing speed

16 Access 16 File size need proxies Speed of access Formats Want consistency for playback Reuse Retrieval of original files/ preservation files Search/findable Metadata Organize files

17 What makes video different? 17 Preservation files are large Uncompressed Slow to move around Need proxy files for viewing Smaller size for quick transport over network Complicated formats Not just one file type Codecs, wrappers, frame speed, etc

18 Q & A 18 Karen: karen_carinani@wgbh.org

Media Director. Version Volumes and Formats. Terminology. Supported Volume Types. Supported Transcode Target Formats

Media Director. Version Volumes and Formats. Terminology. Supported Volume Types. Supported Transcode Target Formats ggg Media Director Version 2.2 - Volumes and Formats Terminology Volume A volume is considered a folder structure as it is produced by a camera (e.g. Sony Professional Disc, P2 Card, ) that can be handled