Security Using Digital Signatures & Encryption

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1 Security Using Digital Signatures & Encryption

2 CONTENTS. Introduction The Need for Security Digital Signatures & Encryption 101 Digital Signatures & Encryption in Action Selecting the Right Security Solution Conclusion

3 Introduction. Can you imagine doing business without ? The convenience and instant communication it offers have made it an essential component of every business. Over 100 billion business s are sent and received every day! 1 For all the benefits offers, it also poses some risks. Hackers have become increasingly savvy at targeting organizations via , including intercepting messages to get at sensitive information or spoofing with the intent of pushing to phishing sites or triggering malicious downloads. Fortunately, there are security solutions that can help protect you and your organization from these threats. Digitally signing and encrypting your s ensures message privacy and keeps sensitive data from falling into the wrong hands, while also assuring the recipient that the actually came from you and has not been altered since it was sent. This introductory guide explains the need for security in the modern organizations. We ll take a closer look at the growing risks of using , explore how digitally signing and encrypting s can help mitigate them, explain why you should digitally sign and encrypt your s, and offer considerations to help you choose the right security solution for your company. Let s get started.

4 Chapter 1. The Need for Security

5 5 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION The Risks of Using As convenient as is, it s not without risks. Let s take a look at two of the biggest threats facing organizations and end users. Data Leaks Perhaps is a little too convenient. It s all too easy to send sensitive information to someone, leaving it susceptible to falling into the wrong hands. 53% of employees have received unencrypted, risky corporate data via s or attachments 2 21% of employees report sending sensitive information without encryption 2 The costs of data loss are staggering, not to mention the damage it does to a company s reputation and any legal repercussions for violating regulations regarding the transmission and storage of sensitive information (e.g., HIPAA, FIPPA, PCI). 22% of companies experience data loss through each year 3 $ 3.5 million The average cost of a data breach for a company 4 Share This Ebook!

6 6 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION Spoofing / Phishing Sending s from a forged sender address, called spoofing, is one of the most popular methods for carrying out a phishing attack. A hacker will forge an so it looks like it comes from a legitimate company (e.g., a bank) usually with the intention of tricking the unsuspecting recipient into downloading malware or entering confidential information into a fake website, where it will be accessible to the hacker. Phishing is a growing threat to the modern enterprise. 1/392 Prevalence of phishing attacks in s 5 300% Growth rate of phishing s in the past year 6 Hackers have become increasingly skilled at impersonating target organizations. Even the most security-savvy users can fall for a well-crafted phishing . of Fortune 500 corporate executives fall for 33% phishing bait 7 How Digital Signatures & Encryption Can Help Fortunately, there s a solution to help mitigate the threats discussed above. Digitally signing and encrypting s is an easy way to ensure the privacy of sensitive information, prove the origin of the , and prevent tampering of the contents. Share This Ebook!

7 Chapter 2. Digital Signatures & Encryption 101

8 8 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION What is a digital certificate? You need a digital certificate to digitally sign and encrypt s, so it s helpful to start here first. Digital certificates can be used for a variety of use cases, including SSL and document signing, but for simplicity s sake, we ll just look at how they apply to security. You can think of a digital certificate as kind of a virtual passport - a way of proving your identity in online transactions. Just as your local government needs to verify your identity before issuing you a passport, a third party verification entity known as a Certificate Authority (CA) needs to vet you before issuing a digital certificate. Since your certificate is unique to you, using it to sign an is a way for you to prove, yes, it s really me sending this . What is S/MIME? You may hear the term S/MIME used when researching signatures and encryption. S/MIME, or Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, is the industry standard for public key encryption for MIME-based (message-based) data. S/MIME offers two key security functions: Digital signatures Encryption Let s take a closer look at what each of these components offers you. What is a digital signature? Applying a digital signature to an is akin to the old tradition of using a unique wax seal when mailing letters. The recipient of the letter would know who sent the letter due to the use of the unique seal. When you use your unique, thirdparty verified digital certificate to digitally sign an , the recipient knows it actually came from you. Share This Ebook!

9 9 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION Why should I digitally sign my s? When you digitally sign an , a cryptographic operation binds your digital certificate and the contents of the into one unique fingerprint. The uniqueness of the two components of the signature your certificate and the contents offer the following security benefits. Unique to the signer Authentication since your third-party validated certificate was used to apply the signature, recipients know it was actually you who signed it Non-repudiation since your certificate was used to sign the document, you cannot later claim that it wasn t you who signed it Unique to the document Message integrity when the signature is verified, it checks that the contents of the match what was in there when the signature was applied. Even the slightest change to the original document would cause this check to fail. Why should I encrypt my s? Encrypting an is like sealing your message in a lockbox and only the intended recipient has the key. Anyone who intercepts the message, either in transit or where it s stored on the server, will not be able to view the contents. Encrypting an offers the following security benefits. Confidentiality Because the encryption process requires information from the intended recipient, only that intended recipient can view the unencrypted contents. Message integrity part of the decryption process involves verifying that the contents of the original encrypted and the new decrypted match. Even the slightest change to the original message would cause the decryption process to fail. Note: Encryption alone does not provide any information about the sender of the message. We recommend always including a digital signature when encrypting s to prove the identity of the sender. Share This Ebook!

10 Chapter 3. Digital Signatures & Encryption in Action

11 11 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION What do I need to digitally sign & encrypt s? 1. A S/MIME compatible digital certificate from a Certificate Authority. 2. A S/MIME-compatible client. Most of the leading clients support S/MIME, including: Microsoft Outlook Thunderbird Apple Mail Lotus Notes Mulberry Mail For a detailed list on S/MIME compatibility, please check out our white paper: Assessing the Compatibility and Best Practices of Using S/MIME Encryption. How do I digitally sign an ? For most clients, digitally signing an is as simple as clicking a button. Many also offer the option to automatically digitally sign all outgoing messages. Adding a digital signature to an in Microsoft Outlook Share This Ebook!

12 12 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION What does a digitally signed look like? Example of a digitally signed viewed in Microsoft Outlook The red ribbon indicates that the was digitally signed. You can also see the identity of the signer listed under the subject line. The recipient of the can instantly see that the was digitally signed and who signed it. He or she can be confident that the actually came from the correct person and has not been forged, and that the contents of the have not been changed since it was sent. Clicking the red ribbon verifies the validity of the signature and offers the option to get more details about the certificate that was used to sign. Digital signature details viewed in Microsoft Outlook. Share This Ebook!

13 13 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION How do I encrypt an ? Similar to digitally signing an , encrypting an is usually as simple as clicking the encryption option in your client. Encrypting an using Microsoft Outlook However, there is one key difference to encrypting versus digitally signing. To send an encrypted , the recipient must also have a digital certificate and the two of you need to exchange public keys (part of your digital certificates). This is due to the cryptographic process that takes place during encryption. The recipient s public key is used to encrypt the contents of the , so you need it in order to start the encryption process. If you have already received a digitally signed from your recipient, you already have his public key (because it s included in the signature). If not, simply ask your recipient to send you a digitally signed . For details on public key cryptography, the role of public and private keys and how they re used in digital signatures and encryption, please see our related article Share This Ebook!

14 14 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION What does an encrypted look like? Example of a digitally signed and encrypted viewed in Microsoft Outlook Again, the red ribbon indicates that the was digitally signed and the identity of the signer is listed under the subject line. You can also see a padlock indicating that the was encrypted. The recipient of the can instantly see that the was digitally signed, who signed it, and that it was encrypted. He or she can be confident that the actually came from the correct person and was not forged, that the contents have not been changed since it was sent, and that the contents were not visible to anyone else. Clicking the padlock verifies that the was encrypted and provides the option to view more details about the digital certificate used to sign and encrypt. Digital signature details viewed in Microsoft Outlook. Share This Ebook!

15 Chapter 5. Selecting the Right Security Solution

16 16 SECURITY USING DIGITAL SIGNATURES & ENCRYPTION Which security solution should I use? It s clear that digitally signing and encrypting s can help mitigate security threats like spoofing and data loss, but you may still be wondering if it s the right security solution for you. There are a lot of security solutions and solution providers out there, so we ve compiled some questions to keep in mind as you re researching your options. Do you need to send sensitive information via ? What types of regulations do you need to meet? (e.g., HIPAA, FIPPA, PCI regulations regarding the transmission of sensitive information) Has your organization been victim to spoofing or other phishing threats? How does the solution authenticate the sender? Does the solution ensure the contents of s are not altered after they re sent? What is the implementation process like? Will there be a burden on IT? Will this solution be easy for you and other end users to adopt? What clients do you need to support? There are a lot of things to keep in mind when researching solutions, but no one knows your company better than you. Your biggest concerns (phishing, data loss, etc.), your existing infrastructure, regulations you need to comply with those are all unique to your comp[any and will dictate which solution is the best fit. Every organization is going to have its own requirements and priorities, but we hope the questions above help frame your evaluation. Share This Ebook!

17 Conclusion. As communication continues to grow, so do the risks of using it. With threats like phishing and data leaks growing by the day, security should be at the top of everyone s security to-do list. You know the risks of using . You ve learned how digital signatures and encryption can help mitigate them. You ve been armed with tips for comparing security solutions. So what are you waiting for? It s time to implement an security plan. Got questions? We ve got answers. sales@globalsign.com

18 References. 1 Statistics Report , The Radicati Group, Inc. 2 SilverSky Security Habits Survey Report, SilverSky, Best Practices in , Web, and Social Media Security, Osterman Research, Inc., January Global Cost of Data Breach Study, Ponemon Institute, Internet Security Threat Report, Volume 19, Symantec, Spam Statistics Report, Kaspersky Lab, Quarter A Security Officer Debate: Are simulated phishing attacks an effective approach to security awareness and training?, Wombat Security Technologies, 2013

19 GlobalSign makes it easy to digitally sign and encrypt your s Digitally signing and encrypting your s proves the origin of the , prevents tampering of the message, and protects sensitive information from prying eyes. Sign up for a free demo of GlobalSign s signing and encryption solution to see how easy security can be. GET A FREE DEMO OF GLOBALSIGN TODAY. globalsign.com/smime-demo/

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