CTIS 155 Information Technologies I. Chapter 5 Application Software: Tools for Productivity

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1 CTIS 155 Information Technologies I Chapter 5 Application Software: Tools for Productivity

2 Application Software Application software refers to programs that enable the user to be productive when using the computer. You use application software to work efficiently with the documents that are created in almost any line of work. The OS provides the environment in which the applications run. It supports the functions of input, processing, output and storage, whereas the application enable users to accomplish specific tasks. People use applications to create products, to communicate with each other, and to store and find information. CTIS 155 Fall

3 Application Software Application software generally differs from system software(ss). SS enable the computer to function properly. You use application software to work efficiently. Application software can be categorized as: General-Purpose Applications Tailor-Made (=Custom, =bespoke) Applications CTIS 155 Fall

4 General-Purpose Applications General Purpose applications are applications used by many people to accomplish frequently performed tasks. Personal Productivity Internet Word Processing Spreadsheets Address Books Multimedia/Graphics Desktop Publishing Photo Editing 3D Rendering CTIS 155 Fall Web Browsers Home/Education Personal Finance Tax Preparation Reference Games 4

5 General-Purpose Applications Personal Productivity Personal productivity programs Help individuals do their work more effectively and efficiently. Include word processors, spreadsheets, personal information management, presentation graphics, and databases. Their value is that they perform their functions regardless of the subject matter. For instance, a word processor is equally valuable for typing a term paper for your writing class as it is for typing one for your marketing class. CTIS 155 Fall

6 General-Purpose Applications Personal Productivity Word Processor Spreadsheet Database CTIS 155 Fall

7 General-Purpose Applications Personal Productivity You should use the appropriate application for the appropriate purpose. You can increase your productivity by choosing an application such as Excel to manage numbers and an application such as Word to manage texts. CTIS 155 Fall

8 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics Multimedia : is any application that involves two or more media, such as audio, graphics, or video. Some multimedia applications offer interactivity. In an interactive multimedia presentation, users can choose their own path through the presentation. CTIS 155 Fall

9 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics Computer applications use multimedia features where text alone would not be effective. One of the reasons the Web so popular and successful is its interactivity and multimedia content CTIS 155 Fall

10 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics Desktop Publishing Photo Editing 3D Rendering CTIS 155 Fall

11 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics A multimedia presentation typically involves some or all of: Bit-map graphics Vector graphics Edited photographs Rendered 3D images Edited Videos Synthesized Sounds CTIS 155 Fall

12 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics A multimedia resources are stored in in files which require huge amount of storage space. To reduce the size of multimedia files, most software uses compression/decompression algorithms called codecs. CTIS 155 Fall

13 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics Compression reducing the file size of multimedia software Lossless the original file is compressed, file will be restored with no flaws Lossy the original file is processed so that some information is permanently removed from the file. Decompression restoring the file to full size CTIS 155 Fall

14 General-Purpose Applications Paint programs Paint programs are used to create bitmapped graphics (raster graphics) which are composed of tiny dots, each corresponding to one pixel on the computer s display. Although paint programs enable users to create pictures easily, the resulting bitmapped image is difficult to edit. To do so, user must zoom the picture to edit the individual pixels, enlargement may produce jaggies an unattractive distortion. CTIS 155 Fall

15 General-Purpose Applications Paint programs Paint programs can save your works as: Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) 256 color file format, lossless compression, simple images, solid color, web standard, best for simple images with large areas of solid color. Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) 16.7 million colors, lossy, best for complex images photographs, web standard. Portable Network Graphics (PNG) alternative to GIF, lossless Windows Bitmap (BMP) optional compression, files tend to be large in size, is developed by Microsoft. CTIS 155 Fall

16 General-Purpose Applications Drawing programs Drawing programs used to create vector graphics (mathematically generated) Every object in a vector graphic can be independently edited and resized with edge-distortion. The resulting image will not have inherent resolution. It can be any size. Freeland Illustrator output in Postscript (automated page description language) Drawback lack of web support for vector graphics. CTIS 155 Fall

17 General-Purpose Applications 3D Rendering Programs Add 3D effects to graphic objects. Objects can be rotated in any direction. 3D rendering programs use Ray tracing techniques rendering technique adds amazing realism to a simulated 3D object, produced by light falling on the object from multiple directions. CTIS 155 Fall

18 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics Image Editors used to edit and transform BUT NOT create complex bit-mapped images (such as photographs). These programs make use of automated imageprocessing algorithms to add a variety of special effects to photographic effects. Adobe Photoshop CS Animation Programs simulate motion, images that appear to move Flash Player Shockwave Player CTIS 155 Fall

19 Audio Software A variety of programs capture and process sound Sound files contain digitized data in the form of digital audio waveforms (recorded live sounds or music), which are saved in one of several standardized sound formats. These formats specify how sounds should be digitally represented and generally include some type of data compression that reduces the size of the file. CTIS 155 Fall

20 Audio Software MP3: sound file format, compress CD-quality digital audio by a factor of 12:1 with no perceptible loss in sound quality Sun/NeXT (AU): low fidelity monaural (single channel) format developed for Sun & NeXT workstations, used to distribute short audio clips over the Internet WAV: default Microsoft Windows sound file format, can be saved with a variety of quality levels, usually not compressed take up a lot of disk space Ogg Vorbis: new digital format, faster than MP3, %20 smaller than MP3 files MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface): don t contain waveforms, are text files contain a text based description tells a synthesizer when & how to play individual musical notes CTIS 155 Fall

21 General-Purpose Applications Video editors Enable its users to modify digitized video. cut segments, resequence frames determine frame rates CTIS 155 Fall

22 General-Purpose Applications Video editors You can save the video files in various formats MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group): video file format and lossy compression standard for full-motion video, MPEG-2 video format used by DVD-ROM disks. QuickTime: developed by Apple, widely used in multimedia CD-ROM productions Video for Windows: the native video format for Windows, often called AVI Audio Video Interleave inadequate for full screen, broadcast quality video. To make video available on the Internet, streaming video formats have been developed. Rely on compression, low frame rates, small image size to deliver video over the Internet which does not have sufficient bandwidth CTIS 155 Fall

23 General-Purpose Applications Multimedia/Graphics Multimedia Authoring Systems used to create multimedia presentations Director by Macromedia leading Package Ilife by Apple You need scripting language to take full advantage of an authoring tool s capabilities. CTIS 155 Fall

24 General-Purpose Applications The Internet Programs Web Browser CTIS 155 Fall

25 General-Purpose Applications The Internet Programs clients Web browsers The killer application of the Internet Web Videoconferencing software etc CTIS 155 Fall

26 General-Purpose Applications Home/Education Personal Finance and tax preparation software Home design and landscaping software Computerized reference information Games etc CTIS 155 Fall

27 General-Purpose Applications Home/Education Computer games bring in sales $10 billion per year and the market shows no signs of shrinking. Starts in the 1970s Then with Atari, Nintendo and Sega console game players, which are special-purpose computers designed to display their output on a TV screen. Games soon migrated to personal computers and then to the Internet. Multiplayer online gaming, an Internet based gaming service, enables players to interact with characters who are controlled by other players rather than by the computer. CTIS 155 Fall

28 Tailor-made Applications Tailor-made applications are designed for specialized fields or the consumer market. For example, programs are available to handle the billing needs of medical offices, to manage restaurants and to track occupational injuries. Designed for professional and business use. Often $$$Tailor-made Applications > $general purpose applications. CTIS 155 Fall

29 Tailor-made Applications Custom software vs. packaged software Custom software is developed by programmers and software engineers to meet the specific needs of an organization. Can be quite expensive, but sometimes an organization s needs are so specialized that no alternative exists. For example: Grade tracking software for a university Packaged software is aimed at a mass market that includes both home and business users. Although it can be customized, it is designed to be immediately useful in a wide variety of contexts. For example: MS Office purchased from Teknosa Store CTIS 155 Fall

30 Integrated Programs and Suites: The All-in-One Approach Standalone programs are fully self-contained (kendi kendine yeterli), require a lot of storage space, the programs do not share any resources, inefficient. Examples: Microsoft Notepad Integrated programs contain modules that share the same interface, offer all of the functions of the leading productivity programs in a single easy to use versions of basic productivity software. The modules of an integrated program are not available as standalone programs. Example: Microsoft Works CTIS 155 Fall

31 Integrated Programs and Suites: The All-in-One Approach Software suites is an interconnected bundle of programs that share resources with each other, contain standalone programs Share common program code, interface tools, drivers, and graphics library, etc. Examples: Microsoft Office Corel WordPerfect Office Lotus Smart Suite CTIS 155 Fall

32 Integrated Programs and Suites: The All-in-One Approach Microsoft Office WordPerfect Office 12 Lotus SmartSuite Word processing enable to create, edit, print the written work. Spreadsheet present users with a grid of rows and columns Database the tools to store data in an organized form & retrieve the data. Presentation Graphics enable you to create transparencies, slides for presentation Personal information managers provide calendars, contact managers etc Microsoft Word WordPerfect Word Pro Microsoft Excel Quattro Pro Lotus Microsoft Access Paradox Lotus Approach Microsoft PowerPoint Corel Presentations Freelance Graphics Microsoft Outlook Corel Central Lotus Organizer CTIS 155 Fall

33 System Requirements System requirements refer to the minimum level of equipment needed to run a program. Platform PC or MAC Microprocessor Drive 3.5 Floppy or CD-ROM RAM Sample Minimum System Requirements IBM compatible PC with a 486 PC processor or better (Pentium recommended) Microsoft Windows MB RAM (16 MB recommended) Hard disk space (standard installation approx. 100 MB) CD-ROM drive (2x or better) Mouse or other pointing device Available hard disk space CTIS 155 Fall

34 Software Version Software producers include a version number with their products. Version numbers identify the release of the program being used. Recent releases have numbers greater than earlier releases (Recent Ver. 6.0; Earlier Ver. 1.0). Whole numbers are major revisions (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, etc.). Decimal numbers refer to maintenance releases or updates and fixes (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, etc.). Time-limited trial versions expire or stop working when a set of trial period ends Beta version preliminary version of a program in the final phases of testing, CTIS 155 Fall is known to contain bugs

35 Software Upgrades Software upgrading is the process of keeping your current application program with the marketplace. Types of upgrades: Patch Small/Minor changes in the program Service release or Service pack Major changes in the program Ultimate upgrade when you purchase & install the next version or release of a program When to upgrade? Do you have compatibility problems? Newer/attractive features CTIS 155 Fall

36 Distribution and Documentation Two methods of software distribution: Shrink-wrapped boxes: containing CDs or floppy disks Downloading program files using the Internet Documentation includes tutorials + reference manuals ReadMe files Helpful information about the program Help screens On-screen program documentation CTIS 155 Fall

37 Software Licenses and Registration A software license gives the user the right to install and use the program on one computer. Organizations purchase a site license to install a program on many computers. Multiple reduced cost CTIS 155 Fall

38 Commercial Software, Shareware, Freeware and Public Domain Software Most computer software is copyrighted. Software piracy Infringing on a program s copyright Copyrighted software CANNOT be: Copied Altered Used on more than one computer CTIS 155 Fall

39 Commercial Software, Shareware, Freeware and Public Domain Software Types of copyrighted software: 1. Commercial Buy before using it 2. Shareware Try it before you buy it 3. Freeware For free, but it can t be copied and/or sold (General Pubic Licence (GPL) like Linux) Public domain software is NOT copyrighted. There are no restrictions on using, copying, altering, or selling the software. CTIS 155 Fall

40 Commercial Software, Shareware, Freeware and Public Domain Software Time-limited trial versions: commercial programs mostly on the Internet, which expire or stop working when a set trial period ends. Beta versions: is a preliminary version of a program in the final phases of testing. Is known to contain bugs, it should be installed and used with caution. You can be beta tester CTIS 155 Fall

41 Installing and Managing Application Software Installing Applications: Install the software on the hard drive. Installation utilities guide you through the process. Installation changes the registry of the operating system. CTIS 155 Fall

42 Installing and Managing Application Software Use an uninstall utility to remove a program from the hard drive. Do not just delete a program from your files. CTIS 155 Fall

43 Installing and Managing Application Software Launching Applications: Launching a program transfers program code from the hard disk to the memory. The program s default window appears on the screen CTIS 155 Fall

44 Installing and Managing Application Software Applications can be launched by clicking on the Start menu, pointing to All Programs, and choosing the application. CTIS 155 Fall

45 Installing and Managing Application Software CTIS 155 Fall

46 Installing and Managing Application Software CTIS 155 Fall

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