Multimedia Systems. Part 1. Mahdi Vasighi

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1 Multimedia Systems Part 1 Mahdi Vasighi Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

2 Teaching Plan The course includes fundamental concepts of multimedia, Speech, Image and Video processing including international standards. Multimedia Concept and Topics Audio Fundamentals Audio Coding and Standard Image/Video Fundamentals Image/Video Coding MPEG Coding Standards

3 Textbook Fundamentals of Multimedia Second Edition Ze-Nian Li Mark S. Drew Jiangchuan Liu Springer, 2014 ISSN

4 Grading Policy Midterm Exam 20% Final Exam 50% Homework 20% Attendance 10%

5 What is Multimedia? Multi: more than one Medium (singular): middle, intermediary, mean Media (plural): means for conveying information mass media transmission media storage media interaction media the term multimedia may have quite different, even opposing, viewpoints.

6 What is Multimedia? Multimedia is the field concerned with the computer controlled integration of text, graphics, images and videos, animation, audio, and any other media. Every type of media information can be represented, stored, transmitted and processed digitally. A Multimedia Application is an application which uses a collection of multiple media sources e.g. text, graphics, images, sound/audio, animation and/or video.

7 What is Multimedia? multimedia content is recorded and played, displayed, or accessed by digital information content processing devices This leads to a wide variety of research topics: Multimedia processing and coding Multimedia system support and networking Multimedia tools and applications

8 What is Multimedia? Multimedia research is also highly interdisciplinary Image, Audio, speech Processing Multimedia Computing Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition Human Computer Interaction Computer Network & OS Computer Graphics

9 Multimedia History Analogue Digital 1826 : sliding wooden box camera, first natural image (Joseph Nicéphore) 1839 : Commercial camera with wet silver-surfaced copper plates 1870s: Commercial camera with dry plates 1877: phonograph, record and reproduce sound (Thomas Alva Edison) 1887: motion picture camera (Thomas Alva Edison) 1895: conducted the first wireless radio transmission (Guglielmo Marconi ) 1884: first electromechanical television system (Paul Gottlieb Nipkow) 1907: cathode ray tube (CRT) 1967: Architecture Machine Group at MIT 1969: an early hypertext editor called FRESS 1982: The Compact Disc (CD) by Philips and Sony 1991: MPEG : personal digital assistant (PDA) 1992: JPEG 1995: JAVA language 1996: digital versatile disc (DVD) 1998: Handheld Mp3 audio players

10 HyperText Memex (1945): personalized memory included associative links Xanadu project (1960): Hypertext Hypertext is a text which contains links to other texts and Traversal through pages of hypertext is therefore usually nonlinear. NormalText HyperText

11 HyperMedia HyperMedia is not constrained to be text-based and can include other media, e.g., graphics, images, and especially continuous media (sound and video) Example: The World Wide Web (WWW) Multimedia Authoring (PDF) Computer Games Virtual reality Digital video editing Multimedia Database systems 1990: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for this purpose

12 Multimedia Systems Where multimedia used to be digitally. Represented Stored Processed Transmitted A Multimedia System is a system capable of processing multimedia data and applications and characterized by the processing, storage, generation, manipulation and transmission of Multimedia information. It has four basic characteristics: Computer controlled. Integrated Data are represented digitally. The Interactive interface

13 Multimedia Systems Challenges Digital representation Analog to digital conversion, sampling Large data requirements storage, compression Distributed networks bandwidth, QoS Maintaining temporal relationship between data Sequencing (playing frames in correct order/time frame in video) Synchronization (inter-media scheduling, e.g. Lip synchronization)

14 Multimedia Systems Major uses: Education and training Leisure and entertainment Information provision Virtual reality and simulations

15 Benefits of Multimedia Your Senses Are Your Raw Information Learning Portals 83.0% Sight (of which 20 % is remembered) 11.0% Hearing (of which 30 % is remembered) 03.5% Smell 01.5% Touch 01.0% Taste where 50 % of what is both seen and heard is remembered further 80 % of what is seen, heard and done, is remembered That is, multiple, media, and interactive should be a good thing

16 A Classification of Multimedia Multimedia Data: Text - ASCII/Unicode, HTML, Postscript, PDF Audio Sound, music, speech, structured audio (e.g. MIDI) Still Image - Facsimile, photo, scanned image Video (Moving Images) Movie, a sequence of pictures Graphics Computer produced image Animation A sequence of graphics images Discrete Media (DM, Static): text, image, graphics Continuous Media (CM, Dynamic): audio, video, animation Captured vs Synthesized media Standalone vs Networked media

17 User Resource Journals IEEE Multimedia IEEE Transaction on Multimedia IEEE Transaction on Image Processing IEEE Transaction on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence Conferences ACM Multimedia International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

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