VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
|
|
- Barbra Thompson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK VIII SEMESTER EC MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION Regulation 2013 Academic Year Prepared by Mr.A.Pandian, Assistant Professor (O.G) Dr. N. UshaBhanu, Associate Professor Dr.S. Ramesh, Associate Professor
2 UNIT I - MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS Introduction - Multimedia skills - Multimedia components and their characteristics - Text, sound, images, graphics, animation, video, hardware. PART - A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. What are the multimedia components? 2. Define multimedia and luminance. 3. Write the skill set requirements of multimedia designer and multimedia programmer. 4. Identify communication networks available for multimedia. 5. Describe the applications of multimedia and sampling rate. 6. List the types of text that are used to produce pages of documents. 7. Distinguish between unformatted text and formatted text 8. Summarize about three types of text that are used to produce pages of documents. 9. Interpret the pixel depth and aspect ratio. 10. Discuss raster scan principle. 11. Illustrate digitized documents. 12. Show how the quantization interval influences the accuracy of the sampling process of an analog signal. 13. Demonstrate the meaning of composite video signal. 14. Infer the three main properties of a color source that the eye makes use of and if you develop a multimedia team who are all must be therein that team? 15. Classify the digitization formats. 16. Differentiate between a bitonal image and a continuous-tone image. 17. Discriminate the additive color mixing and subtractive color mixing. 18. Assess the main features of the MIDI standard and its associated messages. BTL 5 BTL 5
3 19. Invent the color difference signal associated with the NTPC and PAL systems. 20. Formulate the resolution of luminance and chrominance signals for 525 and 625 line systems. PART - B 1. (i) What are the media types? (4) (ii) Describe the form of representation of media types that is used when all are integrated together and give your reason. What are basic skill set that a multimedia team should have? (12) 2. (i) List the basic types of communication network that are used to provide multimedia communication services. (4) (ii) Explain why most data networks operate in a packet mode. Hence explain why services involving audio and video are supported. (12) 3. (i) Identify the aim of all broadcast television networks. (3) (ii) Write some of the multimedia components. Explain some of the real time applications where these components can be used. (13) 4. (i) Examine the interpersonal communications may involve speech, image, text, or video for multimedia applications. (13) (ii) Name the three main categories of multimedia applications. (3) 5. (i) Discuss the interactive applications over the internet and entertainment applications of multimedia. (10) (ii) Distinguish the continuous media and block-mode media. (6) 6. (i) Describe the digitization principles. (10) (ii) Summarize the meaning of codeword, analog signal, signal encoder and signal decoder. (6) 7. (i) Express the meaning of unformatted text, and formatted text. (8) (ii) Interpret about the pages/documents, hypertext, and hyperlinks. (8) 8. (i) Illustrate the meaning of visual object, freeform object, clipart, and 3-D objects relating to graphical images and describe the procedural steps for creating 3D animation with neat sketches. (8) (ii) Show the digitization format for digitized documents through an example. (8) 9. (i) Demonstrate with the aid of diagrams where appropriate; explain the color gamut, additive color mixing, and subtractive color mixing. Give an application of both color mixing methods. (8)
4 (ii) Discover the raster scan operation associated with TV/computer monitors. (8) 10. (i) Compare the display resolutions and memory requirements for VGA, XGA & SVGA standard. (6) (ii) Analyze with the aid of a diagram, how a color image is captured within a camera or scanner and explain the working principle of digital camera & scanner. (10) 11. (i) Differentiate between 4:2:2 and 4:2:0 formats. (6) (ii) Classify the CD-quality audio and synthesized audio. (10) 12. (i) Explain the principle of operation of a PCM speech codec. Include in your diagram the operation of the compressor in the encoder and the expander in the decoder. (13) (ii) Pointout the PC video digitization formats. (3) 13. (i) Evaluate with the aid of diagram, the principles of interlaced of scanning as used in most TV broadcast applications. Include in your explanation the meaning of the terms filed, odd and even scan lines. Show the number of scan lines per field with for a 525 and 625 line system. (12) (ii) Assess the luminance, chrominance, and color difference and how the magnitude of each primary color present in the source is derived from these. (4) 14. (i) Generalise the following digitization formats: 4:2:2, 4:2:0, SIF, CIF, QCIF, and S-QCIF. (12) (ii) Develop the video content for particular application. (4) BTL 5
5 UNIT II - AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION Audio compression DPCM-Adaptive PCM adaptive predictive coding-linear Predictive coding-code excited LPC-perpetual coding Video compression principles-h.261-h.263-mpeg 1, 2, and 4. PART - A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. What is the need for compression and principle of adaptive predictive coding? 2. Define pitch, period, loudness, and frequency masking. 3. List the audio compression techniques. 4. How the performance of a basic DPCM scheme can be improved by utilizing a more accurate version of the previous signal? 5. Identify the frame types in video compression. 6. Describe adaptive differential pulse code modulation encoder and decoder with a neat diagram. 7. Distinguish between LPC and CELPC. 8. Summarize the CELP based standards. 9. Interpret the frequency and temporal masking. 10. Discuss the Dolby AC-1, AC-2 and AC-3 standards. 11. Illustrate the I, P and B-frames and define & working of GOP with an example. 12. Discover the role of formatter. 13. Demonstrate the H.261 encoding formats. 14. Infer the ways of errors detected in H.263 video compression standard. 15. Classify the MPEG standards. 16. Differentiate MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 standards. 17. Discriminate MPEG audio and Dolby audio coders. BTL Assess MPEG-4 decoder schematic. BTL Develop B-frame encoding procedure in video compression. 20. Invent how reversible variable length codewords reduce the effects of transmission errors.
6 PART - B 1. (i) What is differential pulse code modulation? (3) (ii) Describe with the aid of a schematic diagram, the operation of a basic DPCM signal encoder and decoder. Include in your explanation the source of errors that can arise. (13) 2. (i) How better sound quality for the same bit rate can be obtained using a subband coding ADPCM. Give examples of the bit rates used for the lower and higher subbands and state an application of this type of codec. (6) (ii) Define adaptive PCM and explain ADPCM subband encoder & decoder with neat schematic. (10) 3. (i) Examine the third order predictive DPCM signal encoder and decoder schematic. (10) (ii) Write short notes on adaptive predictive coding. (6) 4. (i) Identify the perception parameters and associated vocal tract excitation parameters that are used. (8) (ii) List the terms relating to speech coders and explain the meaning. (8) 5. (i) Discuss the code excited linear predictive coding. (8) (ii) Distinguish between LPC and CELP codec. Include in your explanation the meaning of waveform template and template codebook. (8) 6. (i) Describe the LPC encoder and decoder with schematic diagram. (10) (ii) Summarize the principles on which perceptual coders are based and how they differ from an LPC and CELP coder. (6) 7. (i) Express the sensitivity of ear and frequency masking. (10) (ii) Interpret about the temporal masking with the support of a graph. (6) 8. (i) Illustrate a brief outline about the MPEG perceptual encoder and decoder. (12) (ii) Show the three levels of processing used and an applications and typical bit rate of each in MPEG perceptual coder. (4) 9. (i) Demonstrate the Dolby AC-1, Dolby AC-2, and Dolby AC-3. (12) (ii) Discover the difference between the forward adaptive bit allocation mode as used with an MPEG perceptual coder and the fixed bit allocation mode as used with a Dolby AC-1 coder. (4) 10. (i) Compare the H.261 & H.263 video compression standards. (4) (ii) Analyze the H.261 video encoder and infer the relation to the macroblock and frame formats. (12)
7 11. (i) Differentiate video encoding procedure used with motion vector and prediction vector. (4) (ii) Explain the compressed frames of I-frames, P- frames, B-frames and the reasons for their use. (12) 12. (i) Classify motion picture expert group standards. (3) (ii) Pointout H.263 error tracking scheme, independent segment decoding and reference picture selection with independent of segment decoding. (13) 13. (i) Evaluate the MPEG-1 frame sequence and video bit stream structure. (8) (ii) Assess about the compression technique which is used for regenerative sound and digital TV broadcast. (8) 14. (i) Develop how the content based video coding principle is done in video s and MPEG-4 coding. (12) (ii) Invent the compression algorithm used with MPEG-1 differs from that used in the H.261 standard. (4) BTL 5 UNIT III - TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION Compression principles-source encoders and destination encoders-lossless and lossy compression-entropy encoding source encoding -text compression static Huffman coding dynamic coding arithmetic coding Lempel ziv-welsh Compression-image compression PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. Define the term Entropy encoding. 2. What is meant by temporal redundancy? 3. List out the methods in source encoding. 4. Define entropy. How entropy is related for the performance measure of statistical encoding? 5. What are the main objectives of lossless and lossy compression techniques? 6. Give the principle of differential encoding. 7. Summarize the significance and applications of GIF and TIFF image file formats. 8. Outline the basic principle of Statistical encoding. 9. State the principle of Progressive transmission. 10. When prefix code is called as optimum prefix codes? 11. Identify the applications of LZW. BT3 12. Develop the expression for coding efficiency to entropy. BT3 13. If there is a ZIP code file format means which kind of compression technique is used to unzip the data. BT3 14. In what way the adaptive Huffman code differs from Huffman BT4 code? 15. Distinguish between static and dynamic Huffman coding. BT4
8 16. What is the need of EOL in Facsimile machine? BT4 17. Justify the need of dictionary based algorithm. BT5 18. Assess the need of run length encoding? For which type of BT5 applications it is more useful? Justify. 19. Create the expression for DCT of each 8X8 block values. BT6 20. Propose the frame format for JPEG. BT6 PART B 1. Define the following: i. Source encoders & destination decoders (4) ii. Lossless and Lossy compression techniques (4) iii. Entropy Encoding (4) iv. Source Encoding (4) 2. (i) Explain JPEG encoding process in detail. (8) (ii) Explain why differential encoding is used for the compression of the DC coefficient in successive blocks. (8) 3. With the aid of diagram explain in a qualities way the meaning of the following terms relating to transform encoding. (i) Spatial frequency (4) (ii) Horizontal & vertical components (4) (iii) DCT (8) 4. Give a detailed note on the following image file formats: (i) GIF (8) (ii). TIFF (8). 5. Explain in detail about various image compression techniques.(16) 6. Summarize the principle of : i. Arithmetic coding. (6) ii. LZW algorithm. (10) 7. Explain the following terms relating to facsimile machines: (i)termination codes (4) (ii) make-up codes (4) (iii) Over scanning (4) (iv) EOL code and its uses (4) 8. A series of messages is to be transferred between computers. The message comprises of the characters a through f. The probability of occurrence of the characters a through f are 0.4, 0.2, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1 respectively. Use Huffman coding procedure to derive a codeword and also obtain the average codeword length. (16) BT3
9 9. (i) The following character string is to be transmitted using Huffman coding A B A C A D A B A C A D A B A C A B A B. Compute and draw the Huffman code tree. (10) (ii) With an example, explain Shannon- Fano Coding (6) 10. Consider the string : ARBER, analyse Huffman coding and decode it. (16) BT3 BT4 11. Find Huffman code word of the given text AAAAAAAAAABBBBBCCCSS by using static Huffman tree. Calculate Entropy and derive the average number of bits per character for code word? (16) 12. Examine the basic mode of operation of GIF. Include in your explanation the size of the color table used, how each pixel value is sent, and how the receiver knows the image parameters used by this source. (16) 13. Explain the importance of arithmetic encoding algorithm and encode the string with the probabilities of the character went$. The probabilities are : e=0.3, n=0.3, t=0.2, w=0.1, $=0.1 (16) BT4 BT4 BT5 14. Messages comprising Seven different characters, A through G are to be transmitted over a data link, analysis has shown that the relative frequency of occurrence of each character is A 0.10, B 0.25, C 0.05, D 0.32, E 0.01, F 0.07, G 0.2 a. Derive the entropy the messages (4) b. Use static Huffman coding to derive a suitable set of code words (4) c. Derive the average number of bits per code word for four code word set to transmit a message (4) d. compare this with the fixed length binary code words. (4) BT6 UNIT IV - VOIP TECHNOLOGY Basics of IP transport, VoIP challenges, H.323/ SIP Network Architecture, Protocols, Call establishment and release, VoIP and SS7, Quality of Service- CODEC Methods- VOIP applicability PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. What are the major challenges involved in the implementation of VOIP?. 2. Write the applications of VOIP in multimedia systems. 3. Draw the network architecture for SIP. 4. Describe Real Time Transport Protocol. 5. Point out the commands used in MEGACO.
10 6. Draw OSI- IP protocol stack for voice transport. 7. What do you mean by Real Time Transport Protocol? 8. Which is the first successful set of protocols for VOIP? How it is called in another way? 9. Define media descriptor in MEGACO. 10. Summarize all CODEC methods. 11. Illustrate the role of ARQ in H323. BT3 12. Classify and describe the SIP basic classes. BT3 13. Sketch the H.323 network architecture with neat diagram. BT3 14. Analyse the need and draw the SIGTRAN protocol suite. BT4 15. Categorize the commonly used CODEC s and its features. BT4 16. How does a call establishment take place in VOIP? BT4 17. Justify how QOS is measured in VOIP. BT5 18. Explain soft switch architecture. BT5 19. Formulate MEGACO protocol context and termination. BT6 20. Discuss the features of SS7 and its applications. BT6 PART B 1. (i) Give a detailed note on challenges in VOIP and its applications. (10) (ii) Write a brief note on QoS issues in VOIP. (6) 2. (i) Define and explain the architecture of SIP. (10) (ii) List the Various CODEC methods. (6) 3. Write short notes on: i. SCTP (6) ii. MPLS (10) 4. Explain the following in MEGACO protocol. (i) MEGACO transaction (4) (ii) MEGACO commands (4) (iii) MEGACO descriptions (4) (iv) MEGACO call establishment.(4) 5. Explain the H.323/ SIP network architecture along with protocol stack with neat diagram. (16) 6. (i) Summarize the basics of SS7 signaling and describe its applications in VOIP. (8) (ii) Explain the call establishment and release phase of VOIP connection with neat diagram. (8) 7. Explain the SIP messages and address formats. Describe the session establishment, termination and call tracking using SIP.(16) 8. Identify the meaning of the source descriptor items used in RTCP source description packet. Specifically find the meaning of CNAME, NAME, , PHONE, LOC, TOOL, NOTE & PRIV.(16) 9. What are the features of MEGACO protocol? Explain the techniques involved in MEGACO protocol.(16) BT3 BT3
11 10. (i)discuss the terminology and concept behind VOIP network architecture. (8) (ii)explain basics IP transport in detail? (8) BT6 11. (i) How the call establishment will be carried out in H.323. Explain in detail. (8) (ii) Analyse the fast connect procedure of H.323 with necessary diagrams. (8) 12. Determine the format of RTCP sender and give description to the packet length and the fields repeated for each source. Describe each field. (16) 13. (i) Examine the types of CODEC s for handling VOIP traffic.(8) (ii) How SIGTRAN is related with IP & SS7? Explain. (8) 14. Compare the similarities and differences of UDP and RTP with TCP/IP. Justify your answers. (16) BT4 BT4 BT4 BT5 Analysing UNIT V - MULTIMEDIA NETWORKING Multimedia networking -Applications-streamed stored and audio-making the best Effort service-protocols for real time interactive Applications-distributing multimedia-beyond best effort service-secluding and policing Mechanisms-integrated services-differentiated Services-RSVP. PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. List out the schemes for streaming stored media & name the advantages of each scheme 2. Recall the link scheduling discipline methods. 3. Define packet jitter. 4. What is mean by RSVP? 5. Show the limitation of best effort service. 6. Outline the features of best effort service. 7. Summarize the important points about interactivity for streaming stored audio/video. 8. Discuss the meaning of interactivity for real time interactive audio/video. 9. Explain the role of the DNS in CDN. 10. Classify the different RTP stream in different session identified by a receiver. 11. Illustrate the role of SIP register.
12 12. Interpret the header fields in RTP through proper diagram. 13. How will you distinguish RTP & RTC packets? 14. Analyse the causes of packet jitter. Analysing 15. Categorize the difference between end to end delay & packet jitter. Analysing 16. Choose some of the difficulties associated with the inserv model and Analysing per-flow reservation of resources. 17. Briefly explain the removal of jitter at the receiver for audio. BTL What are the 3 approaches that can be used to support Multimedia BTL 5 applications? 19. Discuss how the role of an SIP register is different from that of a home agent in mobile IP. 20. Elaborate about streaming of Audio/Video. PART B 1. i) Explain the interactivity for streaming stored audio/video for real time interactive applications. (8) (ii)write short notes on (a) Real time streaming protocol (2) (b) Decompression (2) (c) Jitter removal (2) (d) Quantization (2) 2. (i) List out RTCP packet types. (4) (ii) Explain the information contained in RTCP packet types.(12) 3. Explain intserv model and per-flow reservation of resources. (16) 4. (i) How the performance of audio quality can be recovered from packet loss? (8) (ii) Mention the procedures to be followed for quality maintenance of Audio. (8) 5. Give a detail notes on Multimedia protocols for real time interactive application with an example. 6. Summarize the important points on : (i) Leaky bucket (4) (ii) WFQ (4) (iii) SIP (4) (iv) H323 (4) 7. Give a brief note on integrated and differential service. (8) Explain the principle and applications od RSVP. (8) 8. (i) Explain the various scheduling mechanisms. (8) (ii) What are the policing mechanisms used in multimedia networking? Summarize. (8) 9. Apply the knowledge on RTCP concepts to solve the problem. Consider an RTP session consist of 4 users, all of which are sending and receiving RTP packets in to the same Multicast address, each user sends video at 100 kbps. (i) What is the rate of RTCP to limit the traffic? (4) (ii) How much RTCP bandwidth will be allocated for particular
13 receiver? (6) (ii) How much RTCP bandwidth will be allocated for a particular sender? (6) 10. (i) What would be pre-emptive priority queuing? (6) (ii) Inspect the pre-emptive priority queuing for computer networks. (10) 11. (i) Compare RTSP and HTTP. (4) (ii) Examine the process of RTSP to maintain the state information about the client (12) 12. (i) Analyse any one of the protocols for real time interactive applications with suitable diagrams. (8) (ii) Examine the motivation of packet jitters. (8) 13. (i) Criticize on how the jitter can be removed from audio at the receiver end. (8) (ii) Construct the planning of the inter arrival time jitter in RICP reception report. (8) 14. Explain the possibility for CDN to provide worse performance to a host requesting a Multimedia object than if the host has requested the objects from the distant origin server? (16) BTL 5
KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACADEMIC YEAR / ODD SEMESTER QUESTION BANK
KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACADEMIC YEAR 2011-2012 / ODD SEMESTER QUESTION BANK SUB.CODE / NAME YEAR / SEM : IT1301 INFORMATION CODING TECHNIQUES : III / V UNIT -
More informationAudio and video compression
Audio and video compression 4.1 introduction Unlike text and images, both audio and most video signals are continuously varying analog signals. Compression algorithms associated with digitized audio and
More informationDigiPoints Volume 1. Student Workbook. Module 8 Digital Compression
Digital Compression Page 8.1 DigiPoints Volume 1 Module 8 Digital Compression Summary This module describes the techniques by which digital signals are compressed in order to make it possible to carry
More informationNetworking Applications
Networking Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid College of Computing and Information Technology Arab Academy for Science & Technology and Maritime Transport Multimedia Multimedia 1 Outline Audio and Video Services
More informationBoth LPC and CELP are used primarily for telephony applications and hence the compression of a speech signal.
Perceptual coding Both LPC and CELP are used primarily for telephony applications and hence the compression of a speech signal. Perceptual encoders, however, have been designed for the compression of general
More informationPerceptual coding. A psychoacoustic model is used to identify those signals that are influenced by both these effects.
Perceptual coding Both LPC and CELP are used primarily for telephony applications and hence the compression of a speech signal. Perceptual encoders, however, have been designed for the compression of general
More informationOutline. Instructor Course Description Lecture Schedule Exams, Homework and Project Grading General Policies. Dr. Mohab A. Mangoud
EEG453 Multimedia Systems Dr. Mohab A. Mangoud د. مهاب عبد الحميد منجود www.aast.edu/~mangoud Outline Instructor Course Description Lecture Schedule Exams, Homework and Project Grading General Policies
More informationCS 335 Graphics and Multimedia. Image Compression
CS 335 Graphics and Multimedia Image Compression CCITT Image Storage and Compression Group 3: Huffman-type encoding for binary (bilevel) data: FAX Group 4: Entropy encoding without error checks of group
More informationWireless Communication
Wireless Communication Systems @CS.NCTU Lecture 6: Image Instructor: Kate Ching-Ju Lin ( 林靖茹 ) Chap. 9 of Fundamentals of Multimedia Some reference from http://media.ee.ntu.edu.tw/courses/dvt/15f/ 1 Outline
More informationLecture 6: Compression II. This Week s Schedule
Lecture 6: Compression II Reading: book chapter 8, Section 1, 2, 3, 4 Monday This Week s Schedule The concept behind compression Rate distortion theory Image compression via DCT Today Speech compression
More informationCourse Syllabus. Website Multimedia Systems, Overview
Course Syllabus Website http://ce.sharif.edu/courses/93-94/2/ce342-1/ Page 1 Course Syllabus Textbook Z-N. Li, M.S. Drew, Fundamentals of Multimedia, Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2004.*
More informationIMAGE COMPRESSION. Image Compression. Why? Reducing transportation times Reducing file size. A two way event - compression and decompression
IMAGE COMPRESSION Image Compression Why? Reducing transportation times Reducing file size A two way event - compression and decompression 1 Compression categories Compression = Image coding Still-image
More informationMahdi Amiri. February Sharif University of Technology
Course Presentation Multimedia Systems Overview of the Course Mahdi Amiri February 2014 Sharif University of Technology Course Syllabus Website http://ce.sharif.edu/courses/92-93/2/ce342-1/ Page 1 Course
More informationMultimedia networks. Additional references. Jargon. Analog to Digital (S5 4.3) KR: Kurose and Ross chapter 7 (KR3: 3 rd ed)
Additional references Multimedia networks KR: Kurose and Ross chapter 7 (KR3: 3 rd ed) C4: Douglas Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP Vol 1: Principles, Protocols and Architecture 4 th ed, Prentice-Hall
More informationSource Coding Basics and Speech Coding. Yao Wang Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY11201
Source Coding Basics and Speech Coding Yao Wang Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY1121 http://eeweb.poly.edu/~yao Outline Why do we need to compress speech signals Basic components in a source coding
More information15 Data Compression 2014/9/21. Objectives After studying this chapter, the student should be able to: 15-1 LOSSLESS COMPRESSION
15 Data Compression Data compression implies sending or storing a smaller number of bits. Although many methods are used for this purpose, in general these methods can be divided into two broad categories:
More informationIntroduction to LAN/WAN. Application Layer 4
Introduction to LAN/WAN Application Layer 4 Multimedia Multimedia: Audio + video Human ear: 20Hz 20kHz, Dogs hear higher freqs DAC converts audio waves to digital E.g PCM uses 8-bit samples 8000 times
More informationTransporting audio-video. over the Internet
Transporting audio-video over the Internet Key requirements Bit rate requirements Audio requirements Video requirements Delay requirements Jitter Inter-media synchronization On compression... TCP, UDP
More informationVideo Compression An Introduction
Video Compression An Introduction The increasing demand to incorporate video data into telecommunications services, the corporate environment, the entertainment industry, and even at home has made digital
More informationCompression; Error detection & correction
Compression; Error detection & correction compression: squeeze out redundancy to use less memory or use less network bandwidth encode the same information in fewer bits some bits carry no information some
More informationVALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK II SEMESTER CP7204 Advanced Operating Systems Regulation 2013 Academic Year
More informationITEC310 Computer Networks II
ITEC310 Computer Networks II Chapter 29 Multimedia Department of Information Technology Eastern Mediterranean University 2/75 Objectives After completing this chapter you should be able to do the following:
More informationCompression; Error detection & correction
Compression; Error detection & correction compression: squeeze out redundancy to use less memory or use less network bandwidth encode the same information in fewer bits some bits carry no information some
More informationCompression II: Images (JPEG)
Compression II: Images (JPEG) What is JPEG? JPEG: Joint Photographic Expert Group an international standard in 1992. Works with colour and greyscale images Up 24 bit colour images (Unlike GIF) Target Photographic
More informationFeatures. Sequential encoding. Progressive encoding. Hierarchical encoding. Lossless encoding using a different strategy
JPEG JPEG Joint Photographic Expert Group Voted as international standard in 1992 Works with color and grayscale images, e.g., satellite, medical,... Motivation: The compression ratio of lossless methods
More informationReal-Time Protocol (RTP)
Real-Time Protocol (RTP) Provides standard packet format for real-time application Typically runs over UDP Specifies header fields below Payload Type: 7 bits, providing 128 possible different types of
More informationDIGITAL TELEVISION 1. DIGITAL VIDEO FUNDAMENTALS
DIGITAL TELEVISION 1. DIGITAL VIDEO FUNDAMENTALS Television services in Europe currently broadcast video at a frame rate of 25 Hz. Each frame consists of two interlaced fields, giving a field rate of 50
More informationEEC-484/584 Computer Networks
EEC-484/584 Computer Networks Lecture 21 wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Outline 2 Review of last lecture WWW Today s topics
More informationInterframe coding A video scene captured as a sequence of frames can be efficiently coded by estimating and compensating for motion between frames pri
MPEG MPEG video is broken up into a hierarchy of layer From the top level, the first layer is known as the video sequence layer, and is any self contained bitstream, for example a coded movie. The second
More informationOutline Introduction MPEG-2 MPEG-4. Video Compression. Introduction to MPEG. Prof. Pratikgiri Goswami
to MPEG Prof. Pratikgiri Goswami Electronics & Communication Department, Shree Swami Atmanand Saraswati Institute of Technology, Surat. Outline of Topics 1 2 Coding 3 Video Object Representation Outline
More informationMultimedia Systems Image III (Image Compression, JPEG) Mahdi Amiri April 2011 Sharif University of Technology
Course Presentation Multimedia Systems Image III (Image Compression, JPEG) Mahdi Amiri April 2011 Sharif University of Technology Image Compression Basics Large amount of data in digital images File size
More informationWhat is multimedia? Multimedia. Continuous media. Most common media types. Continuous media processing. Interactivity. What is multimedia?
Multimedia What is multimedia? Media types +Text + Graphics + Audio +Image +Video Interchange formats What is multimedia? Multimedia = many media User interaction = interactivity Script = time 1 2 Most
More informationMultimedia Standards
Multimedia Standards SS 2017 Lecture 5 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karlheinz Brandenburg Karlheinz.Brandenburg@tu-ilmenau.de Contact: Dipl.-Inf. Thomas Köllmer thomas.koellmer@tu-ilmenau.de 1 Organisational issues
More informationChapter 28. Multimedia
Chapter 28. Multimedia 28-1 Internet Audio/Video Streaming stored audio/video refers to on-demand requests for compressed audio/video files Streaming live audio/video refers to the broadcasting of radio
More informationFundamentals of Multimedia. Lecture 5 Lossless Data Compression Variable Length Coding
Fundamentals of Multimedia Lecture 5 Lossless Data Compression Variable Length Coding Mahmoud El-Gayyar elgayyar@ci.suez.edu.eg Mahmoud El-Gayyar / Fundamentals of Multimedia 1 Data Compression Compression
More informationVALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY QUESTION BANK VIII SEMESTER IT6012- TCP/IP DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION Regulation 2013 Academic Year
More informationOptical Storage Technology. MPEG Data Compression
Optical Storage Technology MPEG Data Compression MPEG-1 1 Audio Standard Moving Pictures Expert Group (MPEG) was formed in 1988 to devise compression techniques for audio and video. It first devised the
More informationPreface. I Introduction and Multimedia Data Representations 1
Contents Preface x I Introduction and Multimedia Data Representations 1 1 Introduction to Multimedia 2 1.1 What is Multimedia?.... 2 1.1.1 Components of Multimedia.... 2 1.2 Multimedia: Past and Present....
More informationCh 4: Multimedia. Fig.4.1 Internet Audio/Video
Ch 4: Multimedia Recent advances in technology have changed our use of audio and video. In the past, we listened to an audio broadcast through a radio and watched a video program broadcast through a TV.
More informationMultimedia. What is multimedia? Media types. Interchange formats. + Text +Graphics +Audio +Image +Video. Petri Vuorimaa 1
Multimedia What is multimedia? Media types + Text +Graphics +Audio +Image +Video Interchange formats Petri Vuorimaa 1 What is multimedia? Multimedia = many media User interaction = interactivity Script
More informationPrinciples of Audio Coding
Principles of Audio Coding Topics today Introduction VOCODERS Psychoacoustics Equal-Loudness Curve Frequency Masking Temporal Masking (CSIT 410) 2 Introduction Speech compression algorithm focuses on exploiting
More informationVC 12/13 T16 Video Compression
VC 12/13 T16 Video Compression Mestrado em Ciência de Computadores Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia de Redes e Sistemas Informáticos Miguel Tavares Coimbra Outline The need for compression Types of redundancy
More informationETSF10 Internet Protocols Transport Layer Protocols
ETSF10 Internet Protocols Transport Layer Protocols 2012, Part 2, Lecture 2.2 Kaan Bür, Jens Andersson Transport Layer Protocols Special Topic: Quality of Service (QoS) [ed.4 ch.24.1+5-6] [ed.5 ch.30.1-2]
More informationTroubleshooting Voice Over IP with WireShark
Hands-On Troubleshooting Voice Over IP with WireShark Course Description Voice over IP is being widely implemented both within companies and across the Internet. The key problems with IP voice services
More informationImage, video and audio coding concepts. Roadmap. Rationale. Stefan Alfredsson. (based on material by Johan Garcia)
Image, video and audio coding concepts Stefan Alfredsson (based on material by Johan Garcia) Roadmap XML Data structuring Loss-less compression (huffman, LZ77,...) Lossy compression Rationale Compression
More informationVideo coding. Concepts and notations.
TSBK06 video coding p.1/47 Video coding Concepts and notations. A video signal consists of a time sequence of images. Typical frame rates are 24, 25, 30, 50 and 60 images per seconds. Each image is either
More informationECE 417 Guest Lecture Video Compression in MPEG-1/2/4. Min-Hsuan Tsai Apr 02, 2013
ECE 417 Guest Lecture Video Compression in MPEG-1/2/4 Min-Hsuan Tsai Apr 2, 213 What is MPEG and its standards MPEG stands for Moving Picture Expert Group Develop standards for video/audio compression
More information2.4 Audio Compression
2.4 Audio Compression 2.4.1 Pulse Code Modulation Audio signals are analog waves. The acoustic perception is determined by the frequency (pitch) and the amplitude (loudness). For storage, processing and
More informationApplication Layer Chapter 7
Application Layer Chapter 7 DNS Domain Name System Electronic Mail The Web Streaming Audio and Video Content Delivery Revised: August 2011 and February 2018 The Application Layer Uses transport services
More informationCOMP 249 Advanced Distributed Systems Multimedia Networking. The Video Data Type Coding & Compression Basics
COMP 9 Advanced Distributed Systems Multimedia Networking The Video Data Type Coding & Compression Basics Kevin Jeffay Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill jeffay@cs.unc.edu
More informationBluray (
Bluray (http://www.blu-ray.com/faq) MPEG-2 - enhanced for HD, also used for playback of DVDs and HDTV recordings MPEG-4 AVC - part of the MPEG-4 standard also known as H.264 (High Profile and Main Profile)
More informationMultimedia Networking. Network Support for Multimedia Applications
Multimedia Networking Network Support for Multimedia Applications Protocols for Real Time Interactive Applications Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Per Connection Quality of Services Guarantees (IntServ)
More informationCISC 7610 Lecture 3 Multimedia data and data formats
CISC 7610 Lecture 3 Multimedia data and data formats Topics: Perceptual limits of multimedia data JPEG encoding of images MPEG encoding of audio MPEG and H.264 encoding of video Multimedia data: Perceptual
More informationSynopsis of Basic VoIP Concepts
APPENDIX B The Catalyst 4224 Access Gateway Switch (Catalyst 4224) provides Voice over IP (VoIP) gateway applications for a micro branch office. This chapter introduces some basic VoIP concepts. This chapter
More informationWeek 14. Video Compression. Ref: Fundamentals of Multimedia
Week 14 Video Compression Ref: Fundamentals of Multimedia Last lecture review Prediction from the previous frame is called forward prediction Prediction from the next frame is called forward prediction
More informationLecture 3 Image and Video (MPEG) Coding
CS 598KN Advanced Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 3 Image and Video (MPEG) Coding Klara Nahrstedt Fall 2017 Overview JPEG Compression MPEG Basics MPEG-4 MPEG-7 JPEG COMPRESSION JPEG Compression 8x8 blocks
More informationLecture 5: Compression I. This Week s Schedule
Lecture 5: Compression I Reading: book chapter 6, section 3 &5 chapter 7, section 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 Today: This Week s Schedule The concept behind compression Rate distortion theory Image compression via DCT
More informationAudio Fundamentals, Compression Techniques & Standards. Hamid R. Rabiee Mostafa Salehi, Fatemeh Dabiran, Hoda Ayatollahi Spring 2011
Audio Fundamentals, Compression Techniques & Standards Hamid R. Rabiee Mostafa Salehi, Fatemeh Dabiran, Hoda Ayatollahi Spring 2011 Outlines Audio Fundamentals Sampling, digitization, quantization μ-law
More informationProfessor Laurence S. Dooley. School of Computing and Communications Milton Keynes, UK
Professor Laurence S. Dooley School of Computing and Communications Milton Keynes, UK How many bits required? 2.4Mbytes 84Kbytes 9.8Kbytes 50Kbytes Data Information Data and information are NOT the same!
More informationCMPT 365 Multimedia Systems. Media Compression - Image
CMPT 365 Multimedia Systems Media Compression - Image Spring 2017 Edited from slides by Dr. Jiangchuan Liu CMPT365 Multimedia Systems 1 Facts about JPEG JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group International
More informationVALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK VI SEMESTER EE6602 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Regulation 2013 Academic Year
More informationStreaming Technologies Glossary
Streaming Technologies Glossary A ACELP.net ADSL AIFF Artifact Asf Asx Avi B Bitrate C C Capture card Codec CIF (QCIF) Client Industry standard audio compression technology developed by VoiceAge Corporation.
More informationThe Effect of Bit-Errors on Compressed Speech, Music and Images
The University of Manchester School of Computer Science The Effect of Bit-Errors on Compressed Speech, Music and Images Initial Project Background Report 2010 By Manjari Kuppayil Saji Student Id: 7536043
More informationVoIP. ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts
VoIP ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts VoIP System Gatekeeper: A gatekeeper is useful for handling VoIP call connections includes managing terminals, gateways and MCU's (multipoint
More informationRTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications
RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications Provides end-to-end delivery services for data with real-time characteristics, such as interactive audio and video. Those services include payload type
More informationModule objectives. Integrated services. Support for real-time applications. Real-time flows and the current Internet protocols
Integrated services Reading: S. Keshav, An Engineering Approach to Computer Networking, chapters 6, 9 and 4 Module objectives Learn and understand about: Support for real-time applications: network-layer
More informationyintroduction to compression ytext compression yimage compression ysource encoders and destination decoders
In this lecture... Compression and Standards Gail Reynard yintroduction to compression ytext compression Huffman LZW yimage compression GIF TIFF JPEG The Need for Compression ymultimedia data volume >
More informationIntroduction to Video Compression
Insight, Analysis, and Advice on Signal Processing Technology Introduction to Video Compression Jeff Bier Berkeley Design Technology, Inc. info@bdti.com http://www.bdti.com Outline Motivation and scope
More informationVALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY QUESTION BANK III SEMESTER CS8391-Data Structures Regulation 2017 Academic Year 2018 19(odd Semester)
More informationImage and video processing
Image and video processing Digital video Dr. Pengwei Hao Agenda Digital video Video compression Video formats and codecs MPEG Other codecs Web video - 2 - Digital Video Until the arrival of the Pentium
More informationMultimedia Applications over Packet Networks
Multimedia Networking and Quality of Service Mario Baldi Technical Univeristy of Torino Computer Engineering Department mario.baldi@polito.it +39 011 564 7067 staff.polito.it/mario.baldi Nota di Copyright
More informationEngineering Mathematics II Lecture 16 Compression
010.141 Engineering Mathematics II Lecture 16 Compression Bob McKay School of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Seoul National University 1 Lossless Compression Outline Huffman &
More informationLecture 8 JPEG Compression (Part 3)
CS 414 Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 8 JPEG Compression (Part 3) Klara Nahrstedt Spring 2012 Administrative MP1 is posted Today Covered Topics Hybrid Coding: JPEG Coding Reading: Section 7.5 out of
More informationNAME OF THE SUBJECT SUBJECT CODE SEMESTER YEAR DEPARTMENT HANDLED & PREPARED BY VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur-60303 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Academic Year:
More information5: Music Compression. Music Coding. Mark Handley
5: Music Compression Mark Handley Music Coding LPC-based codecs model the sound source to achieve good compression. Works well for voice. Terrible for music. What if you can t model the source? Model the
More informationTransport protocols Introduction
Transport protocols 12.1 Introduction All protocol suites have one or more transport protocols to mask the corresponding application protocols from the service provided by the different types of network
More informationLecture Information Multimedia Video Coding & Architectures
Multimedia Video Coding & Architectures (5LSE0), Module 01 Introduction to coding aspects 1 Lecture Information Lecturer Prof.dr.ir. Peter H.N. de With Faculty Electrical Engineering, University Technology
More informationEnd-to-End Data. Presentation Formatting. Difficulties. Outline Formatting Compression
End-to-End Data Outline Formatting Compression Spring 2009 CSE30264 1 Presentation Formatting Marshalling (encoding) application data into messages Unmarshalling (decoding) messages into application data
More informationData Compression. Media Signal Processing, Presentation 2. Presented By: Jahanzeb Farooq Michael Osadebey
Data Compression Media Signal Processing, Presentation 2 Presented By: Jahanzeb Farooq Michael Osadebey What is Data Compression? Definition -Reducing the amount of data required to represent a source
More informationChapter 1. Digital Data Representation and Communication. Part 2
Chapter 1. Digital Data Representation and Communication Part 2 Compression Digital media files are usually very large, and they need to be made smaller compressed Without compression Won t have storage
More informationVALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK VII SEMESTER EC6013 Advanced Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
More informationTema 0: Transmisión de Datos Multimedia
Tema 0: Transmisión de Datos Multimedia Clases de aplicaciones multimedia Redes basadas en IP y QoS Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 3 rd edition. Jim Kurose, Keith Ross
More informationAudio-coding standards
Audio-coding standards The goal is to provide CD-quality audio over telecommunications networks. Almost all CD audio coders are based on the so-called psychoacoustic model of the human auditory system.
More informationImage and Video Compression Fundamentals
Video Codec Design Iain E. G. Richardson Copyright q 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd ISBNs: 0-471-48553-5 (Hardback); 0-470-84783-2 (Electronic) Image and Video Compression Fundamentals 3.1 INTRODUCTION Representing
More informationVIDEO SIGNALS. Lossless coding
VIDEO SIGNALS Lossless coding LOSSLESS CODING The goal of lossless image compression is to represent an image signal with the smallest possible number of bits without loss of any information, thereby speeding
More informationITNP80: Multimedia! Sound-II!
Sound compression (I) Compression of sound data requires different techniques from those for graphical data Requirements are less stringent than for video data rate for CD-quality audio is much less than
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1720 *
Rec. ITU-R BT.1720 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1720 * Quality of service ranking and measurement methods for digital video broadcasting services delivered over broadband Internet protocol networks (Question
More informationFundamentals of Video Compression. Video Compression
Fundamentals of Video Compression Introduction to Digital Video Basic Compression Techniques Still Image Compression Techniques - JPEG Video Compression Introduction to Digital Video Video is a stream
More informationMultimedia Networking
CMPT765/408 08-1 Multimedia Networking 1 Overview Multimedia Networking The note is mainly based on Chapter 7, Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet (4th edition), by J.F. Kurose
More informationPerceptual Coding. Lossless vs. lossy compression Perceptual models Selecting info to eliminate Quantization and entropy encoding
Perceptual Coding Lossless vs. lossy compression Perceptual models Selecting info to eliminate Quantization and entropy encoding Part II wrap up 6.082 Fall 2006 Perceptual Coding, Slide 1 Lossless vs.
More informationMultimedia Networking ECE 599
Multimedia Networking ECE 599 Prof. Thinh Nguyen School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Based on B. Lee s lecture notes. 1 Outline Compression basics Entropy and information theory basics
More informationMultimedia Networking and Quality of Service
Multimedia Networking and Quality of Service Mario Baldi Politecnico di Torino (Technical Univeristy of Torino) Department of Computer Engineering mario.baldi [at] polito.it +39 011 564 7067 staff.polito.it/mario.baldi
More informationMultimedia Networking
Multimedia Networking Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis, MO 63130 Jain@wustl.edu Audio/Video recordings of this lecture are available on-line at: http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse473-09/
More informationLecture 8 JPEG Compression (Part 3)
CS 414 Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 8 JPEG Compression (Part 3) Klara Nahrstedt Spring 2011 Administrative MP1 is posted Extended Deadline of MP1 is February 18 Friday midnight submit via compass
More informationDigital Image Representation Image Compression
Digital Image Representation Image Compression 1 Image Representation Standards Need for compression Compression types Lossless compression Lossy compression Image Compression Basics Redundancy/redundancy
More informationCSCD 433/533 Advanced Networks Fall Lecture 14 RTSP and Transport Protocols/ RTP
CSCD 433/533 Advanced Networks Fall 2012 Lecture 14 RTSP and Transport Protocols/ RTP 1 Topics Multimedia Player RTSP Review RTP Real Time Protocol Requirements for RTP RTP Details Applications that use
More informationDigital Speech Coding
Digital Speech Processing David Tipper Associate Professor Graduate Program of Telecommunications and Networking University of Pittsburgh Telcom 2700/INFSCI 1072 Slides 7 http://www.sis.pitt.edu/~dtipper/tipper.html
More informationContents. 3 Vector Quantization The VQ Advantage Formulation Optimality Conditions... 48
Contents Part I Prelude 1 Introduction... 3 1.1 Audio Coding... 4 1.2 Basic Idea... 6 1.3 Perceptual Irrelevance... 8 1.4 Statistical Redundancy... 9 1.5 Data Modeling... 9 1.6 Resolution Challenge...
More informationMEA: Telephony systems MEB: Voice over IP MED: VoIP systems MEC: C7 signalling systems MEE: Video principles MEF: Video over IP
learntelecoms interactive e-learning suite of courses from PTT: MediaNet v3 Voice and video service delivery MediaNet is a suite of interactive, online e-learning courses that provides training in the
More informationAudio Compression. Audio Compression. Absolute Threshold. CD quality audio:
Audio Compression Audio Compression CD quality audio: Sampling rate = 44 KHz, Quantization = 16 bits/sample Bit-rate = ~700 Kb/s (1.41 Mb/s if 2 channel stereo) Telephone-quality speech Sampling rate =
More information