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1 Table of Contents 1 Intrusion Detection Statistics 1-1 Overview 1-1 Displaying Intrusion Detection Statistics 1-1 i

2 1 Intrusion Detection Statistics Overview Intrusion detection is an important network security feature. By analyzing the contents and behaviors of packets passing by, it can determine whether the packets are attack packets and take actions accordingly as configured. Supported actions include outputting alarm logs, discarding packets, and adding the attacker to the blacklist. The intrusion detection statistics reflect the counts of attacks as per attack type, and the counts of attack packets dropped, helping you analyze the intrusion types and quantities present to generate better network security policies. For information about packet inspection, see Packet Inspection Configuration in the Firewall Web Configuration Manual. For information about traffic abnormality detection, see Traffic Abnormality Detection Configuration in the Firewall Web Configuration Manual. Displaying Intrusion Detection Statistics To view intrusion detection statistics, select Intrusion Detection > Statistics in the navigation tree to enter the intrusion detection statistics page, as shown in Figure 1-1. You can select a zone, and then view the counts of attacks and the counts of dropped packets in the security zone. 1-1

3 Figure 1-1 Intrusion detection statistics Table 1-1 describes the attack types. Table 1-1 of attack types Fraggle ICMP Redirect ICMP Unreachable Land Large ICMP A Fraggle attack occurs when an attacker sends large amounts of UDP echo requests with the UDP port number being 7 or Chargen packets with the UDP port number being 19, resulting in a large quantity of junk replies and finally exhausting the bandwidth of the target network. An ICMP redirect attacker sends ICMP redirect messages to a target to modify its routing table, interfering with the normal forwarding of IP packets. Upon receiving an ICMP unreachable response, some systems conclude that the destination is unreachable and drop all subsequent packets destined for the destination. By sending ICMP unreachable packets, an ICMP unreachable attacker can cut off the connection between the target host and the network. A Land attack occurs when an attacker sends a great number of TCP SYN packets with both the source and destination IP addresses being the IP address of the target, exhausting the half-open resources of the victim and thereby making the target unable to provide services normally. For some hosts and devices, large ICMP packets will cause memory allocation error and thus crash down the protocol stack. A large ICMP attacker sends large ICMP packets to a target to make it crash down. 1-2

4 Route Record Scan Source Route Smurf TCP Flag Tracert WinNuke SYN Flood ICMP Flood UDP Flood A route record attack exploits the route record option in the IP header to probe the topology of a network. A scanning attack probes the addresses and ports on a network to identify the hosts attached to the network and application ports available on the hosts and to figure out the topology of the network, so as to get ready further attacks. A source route attack exploits the source route option in the IP header to probe the topology of a network. A Smurf attacker sends large quantities of ICMP echo requests to the broadcast address of the target network. As a result, all hosts on the target network will reply to the requests, causing the network congested and hosts on the target network unable to provide services. Some TCP flags are processed differently on different operating systems. A TCP flag attacker sends TCP packets with such TCP flags to a target to probe its operating system. If the operating system cannot process such packets properly, the attacker will successfully make the host crash down. The Tracert program usually sends UDP packets with a large destination port number and an increasing TTL (starting from 1). The TTL of a packet is decreased by 1 when the packet passes each router. Upon receiving a packet with a TTL of 0, a router must send an ICMP time exceeded message back to the source IP address of the packet. A Tracert attacker exploits the Tracert program to figure out the network topology. A WinNuke attacker sends out-of-band (OOB) data with the pointer field values overlapped to the NetBIOS port (139) of a Windows system with an established connection to introduce a NetBIOS fragment overlap, causing the system to crash. A SYN flood attack exploits TCP SYN packets. Due to resource limitation, the number of TCP connections that can be created on a device is limited. A SYN flood attacker sends a barrage of spurious SYN packets to a victim to initiate TCP connections. As the SYN_ACK packets that the victim sends in response can never get acknowledgments, large amounts of half-open connections are created and retained on the victim, making the victim inaccessible before the number of half-open connections drops to a reasonable level due to timeout of half-open connections. In this way, a SYN flood attack exhausts system resources such as memory on a system whose implementation does not limit creation of connections. An ICMP flood attack overwhelms the victim with an enormous number of ICMP echo requests (such as ping packets) in a short period, preventing the victim from providing services normally. A UDP flood attack overwhelms the victim with an enormous number of UDP packets in a short period, disabling the victim from providing services normally. 1-3

5 DNS Flood Number of connections per source IP exceeds the threshold Number of connections per dest IP exceeds the threshold A DNS flood attack overwhelms the victim with an enormous number of DNS query requests in a short period, disabling the victim from providing services normally. When an internal user initiates a large number of connections to a host on the external network in a short period of time, system resources on the device will be used up soon. This will make the device unable to service other users. If an internal server receives large quantities of connection requests in a short period of time, the server will not be able to process normal connection requests from other hosts. 1-4

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