ISA100.11a. Pengfei Ren.

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1 ISA100.11a Pengfei Ren

2 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

3 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

4 Introduction Wireless Instrumentation The merger of WSN technologies and industrial field instruments WirelessHART, ISA100.11a and WIA-PA Advantages: cost-efficient, scalability, flexibility, and mobility ISA100.11a Time: Oct, 2009 Goal: offer secure and robust wireless connectivity for industrial automation applications Application: noncritical monitoring and control applications

5 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

6 System Overview

7 System Overview Concepts device: the physical embodiment of the behaviors, configuration settings, and capabilities that are necessary to implement and operate a network. role: a collection of functions and capabilities. All ISA100.11a devices shall implement at least one role. Network Size Constraints Network latency and power consumption Choke points at the devices close to the backbone router Communication bandwidth Upper limit:

8 System Overview: roles

9 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

10 Communication Protocol

11 Communication Protocol Physical Layer Function: transmission and reception of raw data packets, channel selection, CCA, energy detection. Channels: 2.4 GHz, (26) Modulation: DSSS and O-QPSK 250 kbps Transmission Power: 10mW 100m with direct line of light Data Link Layer

12 Communication Protocol Data Link Layer Peer-to-Peer communication behavior: channel access, radio synchronization, and security control Message forwarding and routing within a subnetwork Graph and source routing

13 Communication Protocol Data Link Layer TDMA

14 Communication Protocol Data Link Layer Channel Hopping: slotted and slow hopping CSMA-CA (?for event traffic;?only used slow-frequencyhopping mode)

15 Communication Protocol Data Link Layer The duration of a slow hopping period is configurable. A slow hopping period is generally used to provide immediate, contention-based channel bandwidth on demand to a group of devices (mostly uses?) CSMA-CA in slowhopping patterns Slow hopping event-based and time critical traffic Slow hopping can decrease communication latency, but increase power consumption compared to slotted hopping (due to overhearing channels all the time). Hopping patterns

16 Communication Protocol Network Layer Routing beyond the DL subnet Fragment and reassemble data packets that exceed the maximum length allowed by the DLL Transport Layer End-to-End communication Connectionless service extending UDP over IPv6 optional compression Better data integrity checks, and additional authentication and encryption mechanisms

17 Communication Protocol Application Layer Provides services to user-defined application processes Upper AL (UAL) contains the application processes for a device Application sublayer (ASL) provides services need for the UAL

18 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

19 Attacks

20 Security mechanisms Payload Encryption and Message Authentication Payload encryption, and single-hop and multi-hop message authentication Counter with cipher block chaining message authentication code (CCM) and Advanced encryption standard with 128-bit block size (AES-128) Security Keys Model Symmetric cryptography: join key (optional), master key, DL key (for data link layer), session key (for transport layer) Asymmetric cryptography: CA-root and Cert-A

21 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

22 Coexistence

23 Coexistence Spectrum Management CCA Blacklisting

24 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

25 Implementations and Equipment Field Devices

26 Implementations and Equipment Field Devices Value chain: IEEE radio providers, ISA100.11a radio module providers, and ISA100.11a field device providers.

27 Implementations and Equipment System Manager and Wireless Gateway

28 Outline Introduction System Overview Communication Protocol Security Coexistence Implementations and Equipment Conclusion

29 Conclusion ISA100.11a Providing adequate network performance of noncritical monitoring applications Starting to address critical safety applications

30 Q&A

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