LARGE SCALE IP ROUTING

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1 LARGE SCALE IP ROUTING PRAKTIKUM 02 IS-IS CONFIGURATION 1 by Xantaro

2 Minimal IS-IS Configuration 1. Enable IS-IS protocol on the router 2. Configure a NET address on one of the router s interfaces (preferably the loopback interface lo0) 3. Configure the ISO family on all interfaces on which you want IS-IS to run [edit interfaces] lo0 { unit 0 { family iso { address ; ge-0/0/0 { unit 0 { family iso; xuser@berlin> show configuration protocols isis { interface ge-1/3/0.0; interface lo0.0; 2 by Xantaro

3 IS-IS Metric Cost of an interface indicates the overhead required to send packets out a particular interface Default IS-IS cost for all links is 10 Can set cost on a per-interface basis Each level on an interface can have different costs It is recommended to configure links as point-to-point if only one router will be reachable on this link [edit protocols isis] xuser@munich# show interface ge-0/0/0.0 { level 2 metric 10; level 1 metric 20; interface ge-0/0/1.0 { level 2 metric 5; point-to-point; 3 by Xantaro

4 Reference Bandwidth On the other hand, you can change the interface cost to use the formula reference bandwidth/physical link speed Automatically alters the cost of all interfaces Allows for consistent change across all interfaces User the reference-bandwidth command: [edit protocols isis] show reference-bandwidth 1g; interface ge-0/0/0.0; interface ge-0/0/1.0; 4 by Xantaro

5 Wide Metrics Maximum metric supported on an individual interface is 63 All values advertised in an LSP that have a higher value are interpreted as a metric of 63 The use of wide metrics allows for a maximum value of [edit protocols isis] xuser@munich# show level 2 { wide-metrics-only; interface ge-0/0/0.0; interface ge-0/0/1.0; 5 by Xantaro

6 IS-IS Authentication Authentication can occur within multiple places All IS-IS PDUs within the entire domain, single level-1 area, or single level-2 area IS-IS Hello packets on a specific interface Three authentication types are supported None Simple MD5 MD5 includes an encrypted checksum with all packets Provides better security than type simple 6 by Xantaro

7 IS-IS Hello Authentication Authentication of IS-IS hello packets only, is configured under the IS-IS interface level configuration per level. [edit protocols isis] show interface ge-0/0/0.0 { level 1 { hello-authentication-key "$9$Zlj.5n6A01hjH6A"; ## SECRET-DATA hello-authentication-type simple; level 2 { hello-authentication-key "$9$V.YaUq.5F6AYg.5"; ## SECRET-DATA hello-authentication-type md5; 7 by Xantaro

8 Configuring IS-IS Authentication More specific level authentication references take precedence over global settings Enables authentication for Hellos, LSPs and SNPs per IS-IS level. [edit protocols isis] show level 1 { authentication-key "$9$Zlj.5n6A01hjH6A"; ## SECRET-DATA authentication-type simple; level 2 { authentication-key "$9$V.YaUq.5F6AYg.5"; ## SECRET-DATA authentication-type md5; 8 by Xantaro

9 Configuring IS-IS Authentication (contd.) Per IS-IS level authentication can be altered to be used only for certain IS-IS packet types: The following options exist: no-hello-authentication no-csnp-authentication no-psnp-authentication [edit protocols isis] show level 1 { authentication-key "$9$V.YaUq.5F6AYg.5"; ## SECRET-DATA authentication-type md5; no-hello-authentication no-csnp-authentication no-psnp-authentication 9 by Xantaro

10 Authentication Issues Hello authentication only secures IS-IS hello packets Determines whether an adjacency forms between two routers Global or level authentication secures LSP packets CSNP packets PSNP packets IS-IS hello packets Authentication for LSPs allows other routers to read the TLV values and use that information in the SPF calculation Disable the authentication check with the no-authentication-check command Useful for migration purposes 10 by Xantaro

11 Monitoring IS-IS Interface Operation show isis interface IS-IS interface database: Interface L CirID Level 1 DR Level 2 DR L1/L2 Metric ge-0/0/ x4 Frankfurt.04 Frankfurt.04 10/10 ge-0/0/ x3 Frankfurt.03 Frankfurt.03 10/10 lo x1 Passive Passive 0/0 xuser@frankfurt> show isis interface extensive IS-IS interface database: ge-0/0/0.0 Index: 67, State: 0x6, Circuit id: 0x4, Circuit type: 3 LSP interval: 100 ms, CSNP interval: 10 s, Loose Hello padding Level 1 Adjacencies: 1, Priority: 64, Metric: 10 Hello Interval: s, Hold Time: 9 s Designated Router: Frankfurt.04 (us) Level 2 Adjacencies: 1, Priority: 64, Metric: 10 Hello Interval: s, Hold Time: 9 s Designated Router: Frankfurt.04 (us) 11 by Xantaro

12 Monitoring Neighborship: show isis adjacency show isis adjacency Interface System L State Hold (secs) SNPA ge-0/0/0.0 Stuttgart 2 Up 20 0:1d:b5:b:b:0 ge-0/0/0.0 Stuttgart 1 Up 26 0:1d:b5:b:b:0 ge-0/0/1.0 Munich 2 Up 25 0:1d:b5:78:c1:81 ge-0/0/1.0 Munich 1 Up 25 0:1d:b5:78:c1:81 ge-0/0/3.0 Stampy-RE0 2 Up 6 0:1d:b5:cf:c:d5 ge-0/0/3.0 Stampy-RE0 1 Up 6 0:1d:b5:cf:c:d5 12 by Xantaro

13 Monitoring IS-IS Database Most important command to check your IS-IS topology use extensive keyword to see the actual content show isis database IS-IS level 1 link-state database: LSP ID Sequence Checksum Lifetime Attributes Frankfurt x1099 0xc L1 L2 Frankfurt x464 0x L1 L2 Frankfurt xacc 0x7bf2 996 L1 L2 Munich xe5e 0x311e 544 L1 L2 Ulm x13f4 0xef L1 L2 Ulm x781 0xd0f6 629 L1 L2 Ulm x8e7 0xcc8c 674 L1 L2 Stuttgart x6399 0xb8cb 580 L1 L2 Snowball x6752 0xf3b2 693 L1 L2 Snowball x441 0xfae0 853 L1 L2 Coltrane x66c8 0xde L1 L2 Coltrane xd2f 0x4a L1 L2 Coltrane xc4b 0x7c L1 L2 Stampy-RE x69a8 0xaa7e 746 L1 L2 Stampy-RE x4b6 0x1a L1 L2 Stampy-RE x459 0x L1 L2 16 LSPs 13 by Xantaro

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