Tutorial 9. SOLUTION Since the number of supported interfaces is different for each subnet, this is a Variable- Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) problem.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Tutorial 9. SOLUTION Since the number of supported interfaces is different for each subnet, this is a Variable- Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) problem."

Transcription

1 Tutorial 9 1 Router Architecture Consider a router with a switch fabric, 2 input ports (A and B) and 2 output ports (C and D). Suppose the switch fabric operates at 1.5 times the line speed. a. If, for some reason, all packets from A are destined to D, and all packets from B are destined to C, can a switch fabric be designed so that there is no input port queuing? Explain why or why not in one sentence. b. Suppose now packets from A and B are randomly destined to both C and D. Can a switch fabric be designed so that there is no input port queuing? Explain why or why not in one sentence. a. Yes. Use crossbar fabric let A >D, B >C operate at line speed simultaneously (at the same time ). b. No. If A and B both send to C, we ll have input port queuing no matter which switch fabric is used. 2 IPV4 SUBNETTING TASK A Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3. Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix /24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints. Since the number of supported interfaces is different for each subnet, this is a Variable- Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) problem. As such, subnets should be sorted in descending order of number of supported interfaces before subnetting is performed. Subnet 2 (90 interfaces) 2^n 2 90

2 2^n 92 n = 7 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 7 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 -n = 32-7 = 25 The network address of the first subnet is always the address of the given address space. Network address of first subnet = /25 To obtain the broadcast address of a subnet, we keep the network part of the subnet's network address as it is, and convert all bits in its host part to 1s. Broadcast address of first subnet = /25 = /25 Subnet 1 (60 interfaces) 2^n ^n 62 n = 6 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 6 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 - n = 32-6 = 26 The network address of any subnet (that is NOT the first subnet) is obtained by adding one to the broadcast address of its preceding subnet. Network address of second subnet = /26 Broadcast address of second subnet = /26 = /26 Subnet 3 (12 interfaces) 2^n ^n 14 n = 4 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 4 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 -n = 32-4 = 28 Network address of third subnet = /28

3 TASK B: Assign network addresses to six subnets, with the following constraints: All addresses must be allocated from /14. Subnet A should have enough addresses to support 250 interfaces. Subnet B should have enough addresses to support 120 interfaces. Subnet C should have enough addresses to support 120 interfaces. Subnets D, E, and F should each be able to support two interfaces. For each subnet, provide the network and broadcast addresses (in the form a.b.c.d/x). Since this is a Variable-Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) problem, recall that subnets should be sorted in descending order of number of supported interfaces before subnetting is performed. This is already done in the problem for you. Subnet A (250 interfaces) 2^n ^n 252 n = 8 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 8 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 n = 32 8 = 24 Network address of subnet A = /24 = /24 Broadcast address of subnet A = /24 = /24 Subnet B (120 interfaces) 2^n ^n 122 n = 7 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 7 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 n = 32 7 = 25 Network address of subnet B = /25 = /25 Broadcast address of subnet B = /25 = /25 Subnet C (120 interfaces) 2^n ^n 122

4 n = 7 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 7 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 n = 32 7 = 25 Network address of subnet C = /25 Broadcast address of subnet C = /25 = /25 Subnet D (2 interfaces) 2^n 2 2 2^n 4 n = 2 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 2 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 n = 32 2 = 30 Network address of subnet D = /30 Broadcast address of subnet D = /30 = /30 Subnet E (2 interfaces) 2^n 2 2 2^n 4 n = 2 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 2 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 n = 32 2 = 30 Network address of subnet E = /30 Broadcast address of subnet E = /30 = /30 Subnet F(2 interfaces) 2^n 2 2 2^n 4 n = 2 Number of bits allocated to host part = n = 2 Number of bits allocated to network part = Prefix length = 32 n = 32 2 = 30 Network address of subnet F = /30 Broadcast address of subnet F = /30 = /30

5 TASK C Consider a subnet with prefix /26. a. Give an example of one IP address (of form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) that can be assigned to this network. Suppose an ISP owns the block of addresses of the form /26. Suppose it wants to create four subnets from this block, with each block having the same number of IP addresses. a. What are the prefixes (of form a.b.c.d/x) for the four subnets? a /26 is the network address of the given subnet. Broadcast address of given subnet = /26 = 128/119/40.191/26 Any IP address in the range of to (between and excluding network and broadcast addresses) can be assigned. b. It is required to create four subnets from the block of addresses /26. To do so, we need to borrow 2 bits for the network part from the host part because borrowing 2 bits gives a combination of 2^2= 4 subnets. After doing so, we now have 28 bits for the network part and 4 bits for the host part. a. This means that each of the four subnets will have a prefix of a.b.c.d/28, and will be capable of supporting up to 2^4-2= 14 host addresses. 3 IPV4 DATAGRAM FRAGMENTATION Consider sending a 2,400-byte datagram into a link that has an MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) of 700 bytes. Suppose the original datagram is stamped with the identification number 422. a. How many fragments are generated? b. What are the values in the various fields in the IP datagram(s) generated related to fragmentation? a. Since there is a 20-byte IP header, each fragment can carry up to = 680 bytes of data. Notice that the transport-layer header is not considered as in problem 2 because we are partitioning an IP datagram into several smaller IP datagrams. However, in problem 2, we were partitioning an entire file into several datagrams, which is why we consider both transport-layer (TCP) and IP headers.

6 You should always consider IP headers in these types of questions. However, if the question is not clear regarding whether or not you should consider transport-layer (TCP) headers as well, make an assumption and build your solution on it. In addition, the original IP datagram is carrying = 2380 bytes of data. Number of generated fragments = ceil (amount of data in original IP datagram / amount of data in fragment) = ceil (2380 / 680) = 4 fragments. b. All fragments will have the same identification number, since all fragments belong to the same original IP datagram. Each of the first three fragments will contain 680 bytes of data and 20 bytes of IP header, thus amounting to a total of 700 bytes. The fourth fragment will contain 2380 (680) (3) = 340 bytes of data and 20 bytes of IP header, giving a total length of 360 bytes. The offset value is expressed in units of 8-byte chunks. As such, the offsets increment by amount of data in fragment / 8 = 680 / 8 = 85. The offsets of the 4 fragments will be 0, 85, 170, and 255. Each of the first three fragments will have flag = 1 (meaning that more fragments belonging to the same IP datagram are still expected), and the fourth fragment will have flag = 0. 4 IPV4 DATAGRAM TRANSMISSION Suppose datagrams are limited to 1,500 bytes (including header) between source Host A and destination Host B. Assuming a 20-byte IP header, how many datagrams would be required to send an MP3 consisting of 5 million bytes? Explain how you computed your answer. Assume that the data is carried in TCP segments, with each TCP segment having 20 bytes of header. The question also assumes a 20-byte IP header. As such, each datagram can carry up to = 1460 bytes of data. Number of required datagrams = ceil (amount of data in MP3 / amount of data in datagram) = ceil ((5 x 10^6) / 1460) = 3425 datagrams. All except the last datagram will contain 1460 bytes of data, 20 bytes of TCP header, and 20 bytes of IP header, thus amounting to a total of 1500 bytes. The last datagram will contain (5 x 10^6 ) - (1460) (3424) = 960 bytes of data, 20 bytes of TCP header, and 20 bytes of IP header, giving a total length of 1000 bytes.

7 4 NAT (NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION) Consider the following figure Suppose that the ISP instead assigns : The router the address The network address of the home network is /24. a. Assign addresses to all interfaces in the home network. b. Suppose each host has two ongoing TCP connections, all to port 80 at host Provide the six corresponding entries in the NAT translation table. a. Network address of home network = /24 There are three hosts, and thus three interfaces, in the home network. One solution is to assign the first three usable host addresses of the home network for the hosts. These addresses are /24, /24 and /24. Assigning any three addresses between and excluding the home network s network and broadcast addresses is also acceptable.

8 b. NAT Translation Table WAN Side LAN Side , , , , , , , , , , , , 3546

b. Suppose the two packets are to be forwarded to two different output ports. Is it

b. Suppose the two packets are to be forwarded to two different output ports. Is it Problem-1:[15] Suppose two packets arrive to two different input ports of a router at exactly the same time. Also suppose there are no other packets anywhere in the router. a. Suppose the two packets are

More information

Network Layer PREPARED BY AHMED ABDEL-RAOUF

Network Layer PREPARED BY AHMED ABDEL-RAOUF Network Layer PREPARED BY AHMED ABDEL-RAOUF Network layer transport segment from sending to receiving host on sending side encapsulates segments into datagrams on receiving side, delivers segments to transport

More information

Network Layer/IP Protocols

Network Layer/IP Protocols Network Layer/IP Protocols 1 Outline IP Datagram (IPv4) NAT Connection less and connection oriented service 2 IPv4 packet header 3 IPv4 Datagram Header Format version of the IP protocol (4 BIts) IP header

More information

Review for Chapter 4 R1,R2,R3,R7,R10,R11,R16,R17,R19,R22,R24, R26,R30 P1,P2,P4,P7,P10,P11,P12,P14,P15,P16,P17,P22,P24,P29,P30

Review for Chapter 4 R1,R2,R3,R7,R10,R11,R16,R17,R19,R22,R24, R26,R30 P1,P2,P4,P7,P10,P11,P12,P14,P15,P16,P17,P22,P24,P29,P30 Review for Chapter 4 R1,R2,R3,R7,R10,R11,R16,R17,R19,R22,R24, R26,R30 P1,P2,P4,P7,P10,P11,P12,P14,P15,P16,P17,P22,P24,P29,P30 R1. Let s review some of the terminology used in this textbook. Recall that

More information

Problem Set 8 Due: Start of Class, November 16

Problem Set 8 Due: Start of Class, November 16 CS242 Computer Networks Handout # 16 Randy Shull November 9, 2017 Wellesley College Problem Set 8 Due: Start of Class, November 16 Reading: Kurose & Ross, Sections 4.1-4.4 Problem 1 [10]: Short answer

More information

Lecture 8. Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1

Lecture 8. Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Lecture 8 Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Agenda The Network Layer (cont d) What is inside a router Internet Protocol (IP) IPv4 fragmentation and addressing IP Address Classes and Subnets Network

More information

CIS-331 Final Exam Fall 2015 Total of 120 Points. Version 1

CIS-331 Final Exam Fall 2015 Total of 120 Points. Version 1 Version 1 1. (25 Points) Given that a frame is formatted as follows: And given that a datagram is formatted as follows: And given that a TCP segment is formatted as follows: Assuming no options are present

More information

Network Layer: Control/data plane, addressing, routers

Network Layer: Control/data plane, addressing, routers Network Layer: Control/data plane, addressing, routers CS 352, Lecture 10 http://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~sn624/352-s19 Srinivas Narayana (heavily adapted from slides by Prof. Badri Nath and the textbook authors)

More information

Chapter 8: Subnetting IP networks. Introduction to Networks v5.1

Chapter 8: Subnetting IP networks. Introduction to Networks v5.1 Chapter 8: Subnetting IP networks Introduction to Networks v5.1 8.0 Introduction 8.1 Subnetting an IPv4 Network 8.2 Addressing Schemes 8.3 Design Considerations for IPv6 8.4 Summary 2013 Cisco and/or its

More information

Chapter 9: Subnetting IP Networks

Chapter 9: Subnetting IP Networks Chapter 9: Subnetting IP Networks Network Segmentation Reasons for Subnetting Subnetting is the process of segmenting a network into multiple smaller network spaces called subnetworks or subnets. The purpose

More information

Position of IP and other network-layer protocols in TCP/IP protocol suite

Position of IP and other network-layer protocols in TCP/IP protocol suite Position of IP and other network-layer protocols in TCP/IP protocol suite IPv4 is an unreliable datagram protocol a best-effort delivery service. The term best-effort means that IPv4 packets can be corrupted,

More information

Lecture 3. The Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1

Lecture 3. The Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Lecture 3 The Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Agenda The Network Layer (cont d) What is inside a router? Internet Protocol (IP) IPv4 fragmentation and addressing IP Address Classes and Subnets

More information

Network layer: Overview. Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing

Network layer: Overview. Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing Network layer: Overview Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing 1 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every

More information

Network layer: Overview. Network Layer Functions

Network layer: Overview. Network Layer Functions Network layer: Overview Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing 1 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every

More information

CIS-331 Final Exam Spring 2016 Total of 120 Points. Version 1

CIS-331 Final Exam Spring 2016 Total of 120 Points. Version 1 Version 1 1. (25 Points) Given that a frame is formatted as follows: And given that a datagram is formatted as follows: And given that a TCP segment is formatted as follows: Assuming no options are present

More information

Homework 4. Problems: 3, 10.a, 13, 16, 18, 19, 27a, 28, 35. Question: 3

Homework 4. Problems: 3, 10.a, 13, 16, 18, 19, 27a, 28, 35. Question: 3 Problems: 3, 10.a, 13, 16, 18, 19, 27a, 28, 35. Homework 4 Question: 3 A bare bones forwarding table in a VC network has four columns. What is the meaning of the values in each of these columns? A bare

More information

CPSC 826 Internetworking. The Network Layer: Routing & Addressing Outline. The Network Layer

CPSC 826 Internetworking. The Network Layer: Routing & Addressing Outline. The Network Layer 1 CPSC 826 Intering The Network Layer: Routing & Addressing Outline The Network Layer Michele Weigle Department of Computer Science Clemson University mweigle@cs.clemson.edu November 10, 2004 Network layer

More information

1-1. Switching Networks (Fall 2010) EE 586 Communication and. October 25, Lecture 24

1-1. Switching Networks (Fall 2010) EE 586 Communication and. October 25, Lecture 24 EE 586 Communication and Switching Networks (Fall 2010) Lecture 24 October 25, 2010 1-1 Announcements Midterm 1: Mean = 92.2 Stdev = 8 Still grading your programs (sorry about the delay) Network Layer

More information

Network Basic v0.1. Network Basic v0.1. Chapter 3 Internet Protocol. Chapter 3. Internet Protocol

Network Basic v0.1. Network Basic v0.1. Chapter 3 Internet Protocol. Chapter 3. Internet Protocol Network Basic v0.1 Chapter 3. Internet Protocol 1 Network Basic v0.1 Chapter 3 Internet Protocol 1. The Role of Network Layer 2. IP Protocol Feature 3. IP Packet Routing 5. DHCP 6. NAT 2 1 네트워크 ICONs 3

More information

Computer Network Fundamentals Spring Week 4 Network Layer Andreas Terzis

Computer Network Fundamentals Spring Week 4 Network Layer Andreas Terzis Computer Network Fundamentals Spring 2008 Week 4 Network Layer Andreas Terzis Outline Internet Protocol Service Model Addressing Original addressing scheme Subnetting CIDR Fragmentation ICMP Address Shortage

More information

The Internet. 9.1 Introduction. The Internet is a global network that supports a variety of interpersonal and interactive multimedia applications.

The Internet. 9.1 Introduction. The Internet is a global network that supports a variety of interpersonal and interactive multimedia applications. The Internet 9.1 Introduction The Internet is a global network that supports a variety of interpersonal and interactive multimedia applications. Associated with each access network - ISP network, intranet,

More information

COMPUTER NETWORK. Homework #3. Due Date: May 22, 2017 in class

COMPUTER NETWORK. Homework #3. Due Date: May 22, 2017 in class Computer Network Homework#3 COMPUTER NETWORK Homework #3 Due Date: May 22, 2017 in class Question 1 Host A and B are communicating over a TCP connection, and Host B has already received from A all bytes

More information

McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 !! McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 "#$% & '$# )1 ) ) )6 ) )* )- ). )0 )1! )11 )1 )1 )16 )1 3'' 4", ( ( $ ( $ $$+, $$, /+ & 23,4 )/+ &4 $ 53" Network Layer Position of network layer Figure

More information

Lesson 3. IPv4 and IPv6 Protocols. Chapter-4 L03: "Internet of Things ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

Lesson 3. IPv4 and IPv6 Protocols. Chapter-4 L03: Internet of Things , Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education Lesson 3 IPv4 and IPv6 Protocols Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education 1 Internet layer Receives and forwards data to next stage Uses IP version 4 (IPv4), Uses IP version 6 (IPv6) protocol or [IPv6 Routing Protocol

More information

Ref: A. Leon Garcia and I. Widjaja, Communication Networks, 2 nd Ed. McGraw Hill, 2006 Latest update of this lecture was on

Ref: A. Leon Garcia and I. Widjaja, Communication Networks, 2 nd Ed. McGraw Hill, 2006 Latest update of this lecture was on IP Version 4 (IPv4) Header (Continued) Identification (16 bits): One of the parameters of any network is the maximum transmission unit (MTU) parameter. This parameter specifies the maximum size of the

More information

CS/ECE 4457 FALL Name: Computing ID: WARM UP. Question 1: What type of transmission mode is depicted in the photo below:

CS/ECE 4457 FALL Name: Computing ID: WARM UP. Question 1: What type of transmission mode is depicted in the photo below: CS/ECE 4457 FALL 2018 Name: Computing ID: WARM UP Question 1: What type of transmission mode is depicted in the photo below: 1) Simplex 2) Full Duplex 3) Half Duplex 4) None of the above LINK LAYER Error

More information

Homework 3 assignment for ECE374 Posted: 03/15/13 Due: 03/29/13

Homework 3 assignment for ECE374 Posted: 03/15/13 Due: 03/29/13 ECE74: Homework 1 Homework assignment for ECE74 Posted: 0/1/1 Due: 0/9/1 Note: In all written assignments, please show as much of our work as ou can. Even if ou get a wrong answer, ou can get partial credit

More information

COMP211 Chapter 4 Network Layer: The Data Plane

COMP211 Chapter 4 Network Layer: The Data Plane COMP211 Chapter 4 Network Layer: The Data Plane All material copyright 1996-2016 J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 7 th edition Jim Kurose, Keith Ross

More information

Data Communication & Networks G Session 7 - Main Theme Networks: Part I Circuit Switching, Packet Switching, The Network Layer

Data Communication & Networks G Session 7 - Main Theme Networks: Part I Circuit Switching, Packet Switching, The Network Layer Data Communication & Networks G22.2262-001 Session 7 - Main Theme Networks: Part I Circuit Switching, Packet Switching, The Network Layer Dr. Jean-Claude Franchitti New York University Computer Science

More information

Network Layer: outline

Network Layer: outline Network Layer: outline 1 introduction 2 virtual circuit and datagram networks 3 what s inside a router 4 IP: Internet Protocol datagram format IPv4 addressing ICMP IPv6 5 routing algorithms link state

More information

Lecture 16: Network Layer Overview, Internet Protocol

Lecture 16: Network Layer Overview, Internet Protocol Lecture 16: Network Layer Overview, Internet Protocol COMP 332, Spring 2018 Victoria Manfredi Acknowledgements: materials adapted from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 7 th edition: 1996-2016,

More information

EP2120 Internetworking/Internetteknik IK2218 Internets Protokoll och Principer

EP2120 Internetworking/Internetteknik IK2218 Internets Protokoll och Principer EP2120 Internetworking/Internetteknik IK2218 Internets Protokoll och Principer Homework Assignment 1 (Solutions due 20:00, Mon., 10 Sept. 2018) (Review due 20:00, Wed., 12 Sept. 2018) 1. IPv4 Addressing

More information

End-to-End Communication

End-to-End Communication End-to-End Communication Goal: Interconnect multiple LANs. Why? Diverse LANs speak different languages need to make them talk to each other Management flexibility global vs. local Internet Problems: How

More information

CSCE 463/612 Networks and Distributed Processing Spring 2018

CSCE 463/612 Networks and Distributed Processing Spring 2018 CSCE 463/612 Networks and Distributed Processing Spring 2018 Network Layer II Dmitri Loguinov Texas A&M University April 3, 2018 Original slides copyright 1996-2004 J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross 1 Chapter 4:

More information

INTERNET SYSTEM. Internet Protocol. Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science. CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering. Large Scale Networking

INTERNET SYSTEM. Internet Protocol. Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science. CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering. Large Scale Networking CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science LECT-6 SYSTEM 1 2 Large Scale Networking No Single Technology can Adequately Serve Every One s Need. Each LAN/ WAN has specific

More information

Where we are in the Course

Where we are in the Course Network Layer Where we are in the Course Moving on up to the Network Layer! Application Transport Network Link Physical CSE 461 University of Washington 2 Network Layer How to connect different link layer

More information

ECE 158A: Lecture 7. Fall 2015

ECE 158A: Lecture 7. Fall 2015 ECE 158A: Lecture 7 Fall 2015 Outline We have discussed IP shortest path routing Now we have a closer look at the IP addressing mechanism We are still at the networking layer, we will examine: IP Headers

More information

CS118 Discussion, Week 6. Taqi

CS118 Discussion, Week 6. Taqi CS118 Discussion, Week 6 Taqi 1 Outline Network Layer IP NAT DHCP Project 2 spec 2 Network layer: overview Basic functions for network layer Routing Forwarding Connection v.s. connection-less delivery

More information

Al-Mustansiriyah University Fourth Year ( )

Al-Mustansiriyah University Fourth Year ( ) What subnet and broadcast address is IP address 172.16.10.33, 255.255.255.224 (/27) a member of? Answer: The interesting octet is the fourth octet. 256-224=32 block size. Because 32+32=64 and 33 is between

More information

Internetwork Protocols

Internetwork Protocols Internetwork Protocols Background to IP IP, and related protocols Internetworking Terms (1) Communications Network Facility that provides data transfer service An internet Collection of communications

More information

CC231 Introduction to Networks Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid. Internet Protocol Suite

CC231 Introduction to Networks Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid. Internet Protocol Suite CC231 Introduction to Networks Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid College of Computing and Information Technology Arab bacademy for Science &T Technology and Maritime Transport Internet Protocol Suite IP Suite Dr.

More information

The Network Layer Forwarding Tables and Switching Fabric

The Network Layer Forwarding Tables and Switching Fabric The Network Layer Forwarding Tables and Switching Fabric Smith College, CSC 249 February 27, 2018 1 Network Layer Overview q Network layer services v v Desired services and tasks Actual services and tasks

More information

Chapter 2 Review Questions

Chapter 2 Review Questions Chapter 2 Review Questions The following questions are designed to test your understanding of this chapter s material. For more information on how to get additional questions, please see www.lammle.com/ccn

More information

CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks. Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 12

CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks. Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 12 CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 12 1 Chapter 4: outline 4.1 introduction 4.2 virtual circuit and datagram networks 4.3 what

More information

Networking: Network Layer

Networking: Network Layer CS 4410 Operating Systems Networking: Network Layer Summer 2013 Cornell University 1 Today How packages are exchanged in a WAN? Network Layer IP Naming Subnetwork Forwarding Routing Algorithms 2 Protocol

More information

COMPUTER NETWORK. Homework #3. Due Date: May 22, 2017 in class

COMPUTER NETWORK. Homework #3. Due Date: May 22, 2017 in class Computer Network Homework#2 COMPUTER NETWORK Homework #3 Due Date: May 22, 2017 in class Question 1 Host A and B are communicating over a TCP connection, and Host B has already received from A all bytes

More information

internet technologies and standards

internet technologies and standards Institute of Telecommunications Warsaw University of Technology 2017 internet technologies and standards Piotr Gajowniczek Andrzej Bąk Michał Jarociński Network Layer The majority of slides presented in

More information

B.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems

B.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems B.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems Bridge BTEL/PT BCNS/14/FT BIS/14/FT BTEL/14/FT Examinations for 2014-2015

More information

CIS-331 Final Exam Spring 2015 Total of 115 Points. Version 1

CIS-331 Final Exam Spring 2015 Total of 115 Points. Version 1 Version 1 1. (25 Points) Given that a frame is formatted as follows: And given that a datagram is formatted as follows: And given that a TCP segment is formatted as follows: Assuming no options are present

More information

CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks

CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks Network Layer IPv4, Format and Addressing,, IPv6 Prof. Lina Battestilli Fall 2017 Chapter 4 Outline Network Layer: Data Plane 4.1 Overview of Network layer

More information

Router Architecture Overview

Router Architecture Overview Chapter 4: r Introduction (forwarding and routing) r Review of queueing theory r Router design and operation r IP: Internet Protocol m IPv4 (datagram format, addressing, ICMP, NAT) m Ipv6 r Generalized

More information

Hierarchical Routing. Our routing study thus far - idealization all routers identical network flat no true in practice. administrative autonomy

Hierarchical Routing. Our routing study thus far - idealization all routers identical network flat no true in practice. administrative autonomy Hierarchical Routing Our routing study thus far - idealization all routers identical network flat no true in practice scale: with 50 million destinations: can t store all dest s in routing tables! routing

More information

EE-311 Data Communication & Networks

EE-311 Data Communication & Networks National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan Name: Roll No: EE-311 Data Communication & Networks Summer 2007 Final Thursday, 2 nd August 2007 Total Time: 3 Hours Total Marks:

More information

This tutorial will help you in understanding IPv4 and its associated terminologies along with appropriate references and examples.

This tutorial will help you in understanding IPv4 and its associated terminologies along with appropriate references and examples. About the Tutorial Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth version in the development of the Internet Protocol (IP) and the first version of the protocol to be widely deployed. IPv4 is described

More information

CIS-331 Final Exam Spring 2018 Total of 120 Points. Version 1

CIS-331 Final Exam Spring 2018 Total of 120 Points. Version 1 Version 1 Instructions 1. Write your name and version number on the top of the yellow paper and the routing tables sheet. 2. Answer Question 2 on the routing tables sheet. 3. Answer Questions 1, 3, 4,

More information

Networks Homework # 2

Networks Homework # 2 ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF GAZA COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Networks Homework # 2 INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Show your work (i.e., how you derived your answer or the reason behind your thinking) in addition to your

More information

Lecture 17 Overview. Last Lecture. Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture. Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.

Lecture 17 Overview. Last Lecture. Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture. Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9. Lecture 17 Overview Last Lecture Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.2 Next Lecture Internet Protocol (2) Source: chapters 19.1, 19.2, 22,1

More information

The Interconnection Structure of. The Internet. EECC694 - Shaaban

The Interconnection Structure of. The Internet. EECC694 - Shaaban The Internet Evolved from the ARPANET (the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), a project funded by The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) in 1969. ARPANET's purpose was to provide the U.S. Defense

More information

Network Layer: Router Architecture, IP Addressing

Network Layer: Router Architecture, IP Addressing Network Layer: Router Architecture, IP Addressing UG3 Computer Communications & Networks (COMN) Mahesh Marina mahesh@ed.ac.uk Slides thanks to Myungjin Lee and copyright of Kurose and Ross Router Architecture

More information

CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals. Chapter 06 Addressing the Network IPv4

CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals. Chapter 06 Addressing the Network IPv4 CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals Chapter 06 Addressing the Network IPv4 Updated: 20/05/2008 1 6.0.1 Introduction Addressing is a key function of Network layer protocols that enables data communication

More information

TSIN02 - Internetworking

TSIN02 - Internetworking Lecture 2: Internet Protocol Literature: Forouzan: ch (4-6), 7-9 and ch 31 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet Lecture 2: IP Goals: Understand the benefits Understand the architecture IPv4

More information

TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu

TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu OSI Model and TCP/IP Model Comparison TCP / IP Protocols (Application Layer) The TCP/IP subprotocols listed in this layer are services that support a number of network functions:

More information

Vorlesung Kommunikationsnetze

Vorlesung Kommunikationsnetze Picture 15 13 Vorlesung Kommunikationsnetze Prof. Dr. H. P. Großmann mit B. Wiegel sowie A. Schmeiser und M. Rabel Sommersemester 2009 Institut für Organisation und Management von Informationssystemen

More information

CMPE 80N: Introduction to Networking and the Internet

CMPE 80N: Introduction to Networking and the Internet CMPE 80N: Introduction to Networking and the Internet Katia Obraczka Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 17 CMPE 80N Spring'10 1 Announcements Next class: Presentation of fun projects

More information

ECE 461 Internetworking Fall Quiz 1

ECE 461 Internetworking Fall Quiz 1 ECE 461 Internetworking Fall 2010 Quiz 1 Instructions (read carefully): The time for this quiz is 50 minutes. This is a closed book and closed notes in-class exam. Non-programmable calculators are permitted

More information

CSCI Computer Networks Fall 2016

CSCI Computer Networks Fall 2016 source: computer-s-webdesign.com CSCI 4760 - Computer Networks Fall 2016 Instructor: Prof. Roberto Perdisci perdisci@cs.uga.edu These slides are adapted from the textbook slides by J.F. Kurose and K.W.

More information

CS164 Final Exam Winter 2013

CS164 Final Exam Winter 2013 CS164 Final Exam Winter 2013 Name: Last 4 digits of Student ID: Problem 1. State whether each of the following statements is true or false. (Two points for each correct answer, 1 point for each incorrect

More information

Lab 8 (IP Addressing)

Lab 8 (IP Addressing) Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of engineering Computer Department. Computer Network Lab ECOM 4121 Prepared by : Eng. Eman Al- Kurdi Lab 8 (IP Addressing) Introduction: Each device on a network must

More information

IP Addresses McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

IP Addresses McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 IP Addresses The IP addresses are unique. An IPv4 address is a 32-bit address. An IPv6 address is a 128-bit address. The address space of IPv4 is 2 32 or 4,294,967,296. The address space of IPv6 is 2 128

More information

Chapter 4: network layer. Network service model. Two key network-layer functions. Network layer. Input port functions. Router architecture overview

Chapter 4: network layer. Network service model. Two key network-layer functions. Network layer. Input port functions. Router architecture overview Chapter 4: chapter goals: understand principles behind services service models forwarding versus routing how a router works generalized forwarding instantiation, implementation in the Internet 4- Network

More information

Department of Computer Science and Engineering. CSE 3214: Computer Network Protocols and Applications Instructor: N. Vlajic Date: Feb 23, 2016

Department of Computer Science and Engineering. CSE 3214: Computer Network Protocols and Applications Instructor: N. Vlajic Date: Feb 23, 2016 Department of Computer Science and Engineering CSE 3214: Computer Network Protocols and Applications Instructor: N. Vlajic Date: Feb 23, 2016 Midterm Examination Instructions: Examination time: 75 min.

More information

The Internet Protocol (IP)

The Internet Protocol (IP) The Internet Protocol (IP) The Blood of the Internet (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 "Information Superhighway is really an acronym for 'Interactive Network For Organizing, Retrieving, Manipulating, Accessing

More information

EEC-684/584 Computer Networks

EEC-684/584 Computer Networks EEC-684/584 Computer Networks Lecture 14 wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Outline 2 Review of last lecture Internetworking

More information

Chapter 4: network layer

Chapter 4: network layer Chapter 4: network layer chapter goals: understand principles behind network layer services: network layer service models forwarding versus routing how a router works routing (path selection) broadcast,

More information

MID II Tuesday, 1 st April 2008

MID II Tuesday, 1 st April 2008 Data Communication & Networks MID II Exam (Spring 2008) Page 1 / 8 Data Communication & Networks Spring 2008 Semester MID II Tuesday, 1 st April 2008 Total Time: 60 Minutes Total Marks: 40 Roll Number

More information

NETWORK LAYER: IP Addressing

NETWORK LAYER: IP Addressing NETWORK LAYER: IP Addressing McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004 2000 Position of network layer McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004 Network layer duties McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill

More information

Chapter 4: Network Layer

Chapter 4: Network Layer Chapter 4: Introduction (forwarding and routing) Review of queueing theory Routing algorithms Link state, Distance Vector Router design and operation IP: Internet Protocol IPv4 (datagram format, addressing,

More information

Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 13

Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 13 Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 13 M.Nadeem Akhtar CS & IT Department The University of Lahore Email: nadeem.akhtar@cs.uol.edu.pk URL-https://sites.google.com/site/nadeemuolcsccn/home Powerpoint

More information

CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks

CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks Network Layer Overview, Router Design, IP Sec 4.1. 4.2 and 4.3 Prof. Lina Battestilli Fall 2017 Chapter 4: Network Layer, Data Plane chapter goals: understand

More information

Network Layer, Link Layer, and Network Security Summary

Network Layer, Link Layer, and Network Security Summary CPSC 826 Internetworking, Link Layer, and Network Security Summary http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mweigle/courses/cpsc826 1 Chapter 4, 5, 8 Topics» Forwarding and Routing» Router Architecture» Internet Protocol

More information

Chapter 4 Network Layer: The Data Plane

Chapter 4 Network Layer: The Data Plane Chapter 4 Network Layer: The Data Plane Chapter 4: outline 4.1 Overview of Network layer data plane control plane 4.2 What s inside a router 4.3 IP: Internet Protocol datagram format fragmentation IPv4

More information

IP Addressing Week 6. Module : Computer Networks Lecturer: Lucy White Office : 324

IP Addressing Week 6. Module : Computer Networks Lecturer: Lucy White Office : 324 IP Addressing Week 6 Module : Computer Networks Lecturer: Lucy White lbwhite@wit.ie Office : 324 1 Addressing: Network & Host Network address help to identify route through the network cloud Network address

More information

Internet Protocol (IP)

Internet Protocol (IP) CPSC 360 - Network Programming Internet Protocol (IP) Michele Weigle Department of Computer Science Clemson University mweigle@cs.clemson.edu March 14, 2005 http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mweigle/courses/cpsc360

More information

Department of Computer and IT Engineering University of Kurdistan. Network Layer. By: Dr. Alireza Abdollahpouri

Department of Computer and IT Engineering University of Kurdistan. Network Layer. By: Dr. Alireza Abdollahpouri Department of Computer and IT Engineering University of Kurdistan Network Layer By: Dr. Alireza Abdollahpouri What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view PC server wireless laptop cellular handheld millions

More information

CSCD58 WINTER 2018 WEEK 6 - NETWORK LAYER PART 1. Brian Harrington. February 13, University of Toronto Scarborough

CSCD58 WINTER 2018 WEEK 6 - NETWORK LAYER PART 1. Brian Harrington. February 13, University of Toronto Scarborough CSCD58 WINTER 2018 WEEK 6 - NETWORK LAYER PART 1 Brian Harrington University of Toronto Scarborough February 13, 2018 ADMIN Assignments Midterm after reading week (Feb 27) In class Covering everything

More information

OSI Network Layer. Chapter 5

OSI Network Layer. Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most common Network

More information

EE 122 Fall 2010 Discussion Section III 5 October 2010

EE 122 Fall 2010 Discussion Section III 5 October 2010 EE 122 Fall 2010 Discussion Section III 5 October 2010 http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~alspaugh/ee122/fa10/ Question 1: IP Header This is the IPv4 header structure we will need for the problems Kisco Inc.

More information

IP Addressing and Subnetting

IP Addressing and Subnetting IP Addressing and Subnetting Internet Layer The purpose of the Internet layer is to send packets from a network node and have them arrive at the destination node independent of the path taken. Internet

More information

Quiz. Segment structure and fields Flow control (rwnd) Timeout interval. Phases transition ssthresh setting Cwnd setting

Quiz. Segment structure and fields Flow control (rwnd) Timeout interval. Phases transition ssthresh setting Cwnd setting Quiz v 10/30/2013 (Wednesday), 20 mins v Midterm question (available on website) v TCP basics Segment structure and fields Flow control (rwnd) Timeout interval v TCP Congestion control Phases transition

More information

Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D.

Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D. IP Version 6 Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D. chaiporn.j@ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~cpj Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Adapted from the notes by Lami

More information

CS 421: COMPUTER NETWORKS SPRING FINAL May 24, minutes. Name: Student No: TOT

CS 421: COMPUTER NETWORKS SPRING FINAL May 24, minutes. Name: Student No: TOT CS 421: COMPUTER NETWORKS SPRING 2012 FINAL May 24, 2012 150 minutes Name: Student No: Show all your work very clearly. Partial credits will only be given if you carefully state your answer with a reasonable

More information

ECE 4450:427/527 - Computer Networks Spring 2017

ECE 4450:427/527 - Computer Networks Spring 2017 ECE 4450:427/527 - Computer Networks Spring 2017 Dr. Nghi Tran Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Lecture 6.2: IP Dr. Nghi Tran (ECE-University of Akron) ECE 4450:427/527 Computer Networks

More information

EC441 Fall 2018 Introduction to Computer Networking Chapter4: Network Layer Data Plane

EC441 Fall 2018 Introduction to Computer Networking Chapter4: Network Layer Data Plane EC441 Fall 2018 Introduction to Computer Networking Chapter4: Network Layer Data Plane This presentation is adapted from slides produced by Jim Kurose and Keith Ross for their book, Computer Networking:

More information

IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6

IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6 IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6 History Internet growth was faster than anticipated In early 1990 s, it was realized that we may run out of IPv4 addresses somewhere between 2000 and 2010 Also, experiences

More information

History. IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6. IPv4 Year-Wise Allocation (/8s)

History. IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6. IPv4 Year-Wise Allocation (/8s) History IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6 Internet growth was faster than anticipated In early 1990 s, it was realized that we may run out of IPv4 addresses somewhere between 2000 and 2010 Also, experiences

More information

Subnetting Questions:

Subnetting Questions: Subnetting Questions: Question 1 You have been asked to come up with a subnet mask that will allow all three servers to be on the same network while providing the maximum number of subnets. Which network

More information

Lecture 4 - Network Layer. Transport Layer. Outline. Introduction. Notes. Notes. Notes. Notes. Networks and Security. Jacob Aae Mikkelsen

Lecture 4 - Network Layer. Transport Layer. Outline. Introduction. Notes. Notes. Notes. Notes. Networks and Security. Jacob Aae Mikkelsen Lecture 4 - Network Layer Networks and Security Jacob Aae Mikkelsen IMADA September 23, 2013 September 23, 2013 1 / 67 Transport Layer Goals understand principles behind network layer services: network

More information

This talk will cover the basics of IP addressing and subnetting. Topics covered will include:

This talk will cover the basics of IP addressing and subnetting. Topics covered will include: This talk will cover the basics of IP addressing and subnetting. Topics covered will include: What is an IP Address? What are Classes? What is a Network Address? What are Subnet Masks and Subnet Addresses?

More information

Network Layer: Data Plane 4-2

Network Layer: Data Plane 4-2 Network Layer: Data Plane EECS3214 18-02-25 4-1 Chapter 4: outline 4.1 Overview of Network layer data plane control plane 4.2 What s inside a router 4.3 IP: Internet Protocol datagram format fragmentation

More information

OSI Network Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 5. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1

OSI Network Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 5. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1 OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most

More information