Example: Configuring a Hub-and-Spoke VPN between 3 SRXs using J-Web
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- Barnard Stephens
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1 Example: Configuring a Hub-and-Spoke VPN between 3 SRXs using J-Web Last updated: 7/2013 This configuration example shows how to configure a route-based multi-point VPN, with a next-hop tunnel binding, between a Hub (Corporate office) and Spoke (Westford) using J-Web. This example includes: Topology Configuring the Hub (Corporate office) Configuring the spoke SRX (Westford Office) Verifying the IKE Phase 1 Status Verifying the IPsec Phase 2 Status Verifying Static Routes for Remote Peer Local LANs Reviewing Statistics and Errors for an IPsec Security Association Troubleshooting For this same example using the CLI, refer to For VPN configuration help, refer to Juniper Networks, Inc. 1
2 Topology The hierarchical steps and screen outputs in this document are based on the Junos 12.1X44 release. Juniper Networks, Inc. 2
3 Required Settings This example assumes the following settings: The internal LAN interface of the hub device (Corporate office) is ge-0/0/0.0 in zone trust and has a private IP subnet. The Internet interface of the hub device (Corporate office) is ge-0/0/3.0 in zone untrust and has a public IP subnet. The internal LAN interface of the spoke device (Westford office) is ge-0/0/3.0 in zone trust and has a private IP subnet. The Internet interface of the spoke device (Westford office) is ge-0/0/0.0 in zone untrust and has a public IP subnet. Note: This example shows the configuration and verification of a multipoint interface in a hub-and spoke topology with two spokes. This example uses the following spokes as shown in Figure 1: o o Spoke 1 - Device in Westford office, which is a SRX device running Junos OS Release 10.0 or later. Spoke 2 - Device in Sunnywale office, which is a SRX device running Junos OS Release 10.0 or later. You can easily include additional spokes by duplicating the configuration from any existing spokes, changing IP addresses as needed, and adding any additional static routes for the new local LANs. The secure tunnel interface is st0.0 for the devices in the Corporate office and in the Westford office. The tunnels are configured in the vpn zone. This setting allows you to configure unique policies specifically for tunnel (encrypted) traffic, while maintaining unique policies for clear (non-encrypted) traffic. All st0 interfaces of all peer devices have IP addresses configured within the same logical subnet. Configuring all peer tunnel interface IP addresses within the same logical subnet is recommended, but not mandatory. However, if you have configured OSPF with a point-to-multipoint link, then you must configure all peer tunnel interface IP addresses within the same logical subnet. Traffic is allowed in both directions from all remote offices (spokes) to the corporate LAN (hub). Traffic is also allowed from spoke to spoke. However, you can pass the traffic from one spoke to the other spoke only by first routing the traffic through the hub. A static NHTB entry is not required between the devices. Juniper Networks, Inc. 3
4 Configuration steps for Hub (Corporate Office) A. Configure LAN/WAN interface, static route, security zone, and address book information for the Hub: NOTE: This section is not the VPN configuration steps; however it is required to configure a VPN. If your LAN/WAN interfaces, static route, security zone, and local address book are already configured, then Section B for the VPN related configuration. 1. Configure LAN interface on Trust side. 1. Select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. Select ge-0/0/0 in the left pane 3. Click Add>logical interface. 4. In the Add Interface box, a. Add the following attributes: Unit: 0 b. Check IPv4 Address box>enable address configuration Click Add. Provide the address attributes: IPv4 Address: Subnet: Click OK 2. Configure WAN interface on Untrust side (Internet side). 1. Select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. Select ge-0/0/3 in the left pane 3. Click Add>logical interface. 4. In the Add Interface box, a. Add the following attributes: Unit: 0 b. Check IPv4 Address box>enable address configuration Click Add. Provide the address attributes: IPv4 Address: Subnet: Click OK 3. Configure static route (default route). 1. Select Routing>Static Routing 3. In the Add Static Route box, a. Select IPv4 b. Add the following attributes: IP address: Subnet mask: 0 c. under next-hop Click Add IP Address: d. Click OK 4. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 4
5 4. Configure the untrust security zone. 1. Select Security>Zones/Screens 3. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Main TAB, provide the following details. Zone name: untrust Zone type : security 5. Assign an interface to the security zone. 1. In the Add Zone box, Under Interfaces in this zone section: Select the interface ge-0/0/3.0 from the Available list. 2. After selecting interface, you click the right arrow key to move the interface to the selected column. 6. Configure the trust security zone. 1. Select Security>Zones/Screens 3. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Main TAB, provide the following details. Zone name: trust Zone type : security 7. Assign an interface to the security zone. 1. In the Add Zone box, Under Interfaces in this zone section: Select the interface ge-0/0/0.0 from the Available list. 2. After selecting interface, you click the right arrow key to move the interface to the selected column. 8. Specify allowed system services for the trust security zone a. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Host Inbound traffic Zone tab, Select the services all from the list of Available services. Select the protocol all from the list of Available protocols. b. Click OK 9. Configure an address book and attach a zone to it. 1. select Configure>Security>Address Book 3. In the Add Address Book box, a. Add the following attributes: Address Book Name: book1 b. Click Address TAB and provide the following attributes : Address Name : local-net Address type : IP address Value : /24 c. Under Attach zone section, Select trust from the list of Available zones. d. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 5
6 B. Configure VPN related interface, static route, security zone, and address book information for the Hub: 1. Specify ike to be allowed under interface ge-0/0/3.0 under security zone untrust. 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Select Security>Zones/Screens b. Select security zone untrust and click Edit c. Under Host Inbound traffic Zone tab, Select the services ike from the list of Available services. d. Click OK NOTE: This step is mandatory because if IKE is not enabled on the external interface, then the SRX will not accept inbound ike packets. Therefore they will be dropped, and IKE negotiations will not proceed further. 2. Configure the tunnel (st0) interface. 1. select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. select st0 in the left pane 3. Click Add>logical interface. 4. In the Add Interface box, a. Add the following attributes: Unit: 0 b. Check IPv4 Address box>enable address configuration Click Add. Provide the address attributes: IPv4 Address: Subnet: Click OK 3. Configure a route for tunnel traffic by specifying the remote destination network ( /24 for Sunnyvale and /24 for Westford) and the next-hop as the st0 interface. For Sunnyvale: 1. Select Routing>Static Routing 3. In the Add Static Route box, a. Select IPv4 b. Add the following attributes: IP address: Subnet mask: 24 c. under next-hop Click Add Interface: st0.0 d. Click OK 4. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 6
7 For Westford: 1. Select Routing>Static Routing 3. In the Add Static Route box, a. Select IPv4 b. Add the following attributes: IP address: Subnet mask: 24 c. under next-hop Click Add Interface: st0.0 d. Click OK 4. Click OK 4. Configure a security zone named vpn. 1. Select Security>Zones/Screens 3. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Main TAB, provide the following details. Zone name: vpn Zone type: security 5. Assign the tunnel interface to the security zone (vpn in this example). 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Interfaces in this zone section: Select the interface st0.0 from the Available list. b. After selecting interface must click the right arrow key to move interface to selected column 6. Configure address book entry for the remote network and attach a zone to it. 1. select Configure>Security>Address Book 3. In the Add Address Book box, a. Add the following attributes: Address Book Name: book2 b. Click Address TAB and provide the following attributes : Address Name : sunnyvale-net Address type : IP address Value : /24 Address Name : westford-net Address type : IP address Value : /24 c. Under Attach zone section, Select vpn from the list of Available zones. d. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 7
8 C: Configure IKE for the Hub: The IKE Phase 1 proposal, IKE policy, and IKE gateway are created in this section. Select IPSec VPN>Auto Tunnel> Phase 1 1. Create the IKE Phase 1 proposal. b. Under Proposal TAB, click Add. name: ike-phase1-proposal authentication-method: pre-shared-keys dh-group: group2 authentication-algorithm: sha1 encryption-algorithm: aes-128-cbc c. Click OK 2. Create an IKE policy for main mode. Also specify the ike-phase1-proposal (created above) and preshared key auth method. a. Under Policy TAB, click Add. b. Under IKE Policy TAB name : ike-phase1-policy mode: main Specify a reference to the IKE proposal. Under proposal section, select User Defined. Select ike-phase1-proposal from the list of Available proposals. After selecting ike-phase1-proposal, you must click the right arrow key to move interface to selected column. c. Click OK d. Define the IKE Phase 1 policy authentication method. Under IKE Policy options TAB Select pre-shared-key. Select Ascii text and enter in password that will be used by both VPN endpoints for the preshared key. e. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 8
9 3. Create an IKE Phase 1 gateway. Specify the IKE policy, and external (outgoing interface) (phase 1) and the peer IP address/fqdn: For the VPN to the Sunnyvale site: a. Under Gateway TAB, click Add. name : gw-sunnyvale policy: ike-phase1-policy external-interface: ge-0/0/3.0 Address/FQDN : For the VPN to the Westford site: a. Under Gateway TAB, click Add. name : gw-westford policy: ike-phase1-policy external-interface: ge-0/0/3.0 Address/FQDN : NOTE: The address/fqdn should be the remote peer s public IP address. It is important also to specify the correct external interface. If either the peer address or external interface is incorrect, then the IKE gateway is not identified during phase 1 negotiation. Juniper Networks, Inc. 9
10 D. Configure IPsec for the Hub: The IPsec Phase 2 proposal, IPsec policy, and IPsec VPN are created in this section. Select IPSec VPN>Auto Tunnel> Phase 2 1. Create the IPsec Phase 2 proposal. a. Under Proposal TAB, click Add. name: ipsec-phase2-proposal protocol: esp authentication-algorithm: hmac-sha1-96 encryption-algorithm: aes-128-cbc 2. Create an IPSec policy and specify the IPSec Phase 2 proposal created above and along with perfect-forwardsecrecy (pfs). a. Under IPSec Policy TAB, click Add. name: ipsec-phase2-policy perfect-forward-secrecy: group2 Specify a reference to the IPSec proposal. Under proposal section, select User Defined. Select ike-phase2-proposal from the list of Available proposals. After selecting ike-phase2-proposal, you must click the right arrow key to move interface to selected column. 3. Create the IPSec VPN specifying the Remote gateway, IPsec policy, and tunnel interface. For the VPN to the Sunnyvale site: a. Under Auto Key VPN TAB, click Add. Name: sunnyvale-vpn Remote Gateway: gw-sunnyvale Ipsec Policy: from the drop-down list select ipsec-phase2-policy Bind to tunnel interface: from the drop-down list select st0.0 b. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 10
11 For the VPN to the Westford site: a. Under Auto Key VPN TAB, click Add. Name: westford-vpn Remote Gateway: gw-westford Ipsec Policy: from the drop-down list select ipsec-phase2-policy Bind to tunnel interface: from the drop-down list select st0.0 b. Click OK 4. Configure the st0 interface as multipoint interface, and optionally add NHTB entries. 1. Select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. Expand st0 and select st0.0 in the left pane 3. Click Edit. 4. In the Edit Interface st0.0 box, a. Since this is a hub and spoke topology, the st0 interface will be multipoint. Check the multipoint checkbox. b. Under st Interface Configuration options Select Automatic or Manual depending on the need. To ascertain if manual NHTB configuration is required, refer the note below. If using manual NHTB, select Manual radio button. Click on Add, and provide the NHTB attributes: Next hop tunnel address: VPN Name: vpn-westford 5. Click OK NOTE: NHTB or Next Hop Tunnel Binding is mandatory if the VPN is to a non-junos device. This is because non-junos devices are not capable of creating the next-hop-tunnel table dynamically, hence static entries are required. It not required when the vpn is between all Junos devices. This is because Junos is capable of building the NHTB table dynamically. However, optionally, you can add static entries even for Junos devices, if need be. For understanding NHTB refer to : Juniper Networks, Inc. 11
12 E. Configure Security Policies for the Hub: The security policies are configured for tunnel traffic in both directions in this section. In this example, a security policy permits traffic in one direction, but it also allows all reply traffic without the need for a reverse direction policy. However, since traffic can be initiated from either direction, bidirectional policies are required. NOTES: Policies include zone information from initial steps setup. If required, more granular policies can be created to permit/deny certain traffic. Because the policies are regular non-tunnel policies, they do not specify the IPsec profile. Source NAT rules can be enabled if desired, but that is beyond the scope of this example. If more spoke sites are added, you can add the additional source/destination match entries for the new spoke local LANs to permit the traffic. Select Security>Policy>Apply Policy 1. Create the security policy to permit traffic from the trust zone to the vpn zone. a. Click Add b. Under Add Policy Window, provide the following details : policy name: local-to-spokes c. Under policy context, From zone: from the drop-down list select trust To zone: from the drop-down list select vpn d. Under Source Address, Select local-net from the list of available Address-book entries. Under Destination Address, Select sunnyvale-net and westford-net from the list of available Address-book entries. e. Under Applications, Select any from the list of available Applications/Sets entries. f. Under Policy Action, select permit from the drop down list. g. Click OK 2. Create the security policy to permit traffic from the vpn zone to the trust zone. a. Click Add b. Under Add Policy Window, provide the following details : policy name: spokes-to-local c. Under policy context, From zone: from the drop-down list select vpn To zone: from the drop-down list select trust d. Under Source Address, Select sunnyvale-net and westford-net from the list of available Address-book entries. Under Destination Address, Select local-net from the list of available Address-book entries. Juniper Networks, Inc. 12
13 e. Under Applications, Select any from the list of available Applications/Sets entries. f. Under Policy Action, select permit from the drop down list. g. Click OK Configuration steps for Westford spoke SRX A. Configure LAN/WAN interface, static route, security zone, and address book information for Westford spoke: NOTE: This section is not the VPN configuration steps; however it is required to configure a VPN. If your LAN/WAN interfaces, static route, security zone, and local address book are already configured, then Section B for the VPN related configuration. 1. Configure LAN interface on Untrust side. 1. Select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. Select ge-0/0/0 in the left pane 3. Click Add>logical interface. 4. In the Add Interface box, a. Add the following attributes: Unit: 0 b. Check IPv4 Address box>enable address configuration Click Add. Provide the address attributes: IPv4 Address: Subnet: Click OK 2. Configure LAN interface on Trust side. 1. Select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. Select ge-0/0/3 in the left pane 3. Click Add>logical interface. 4. In the Add Interface box, a. Add the following attributes: Unit: 0 b. Check IPv4 Address box>enable address configuration Click Add. Provide the address attributes: IPv4 Address: Subnet: Click OK 3. Configure static route (default route). 1. Select Routing>Static Routing 3. In the Add Static Route box, a. Select IPv4 b. Add the following attributes: IP address: Juniper Networks, Inc. 13
14 Subnet mask: 0 c. under next-hop Click Add IP Address: d. Click OK 4. Click OK 4. Configure the untrust security zone. 1. Select Security>Zones/Screens 3. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Main TAB, provide the following details. Zone name: untrust Zone type : security 5. Assign an interface to the security zone. 1. In the Add Zone box, Under Interfaces in this zone section: Select the interface ge-0/0/3.0 from the Available list. 2. After selecting interface, you must click the right arrow key to move the interface to the selected column. i. 6. Specify allowed system services for the security zone. 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Host Inbound traffic Zone tab, Select the services ike from the list of Available services. b. Click OK 7. Configure the trust security zone. 1. Select Security>Zones/Screens 3. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Main TAB, provide the following details. Zone name: trust Zone type : security 8. Assign an interface to the trust security zone. 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Interfaces in this zone section: Select the interface ge-0/0/0.0 from the Available list. 9. Specify allowed system services for the trust security zone 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Host Inbound traffic Zone tab, Select the services all from the list of Available services. Select the protocol all from the list of Available protocols. b. Click OK 10. Configure an address book and attach a zone to it. 1. select Configure>Security>Address Book Juniper Networks, Inc. 14
15 3. In the Add Address Book box, a. Add the following attributes: Address Book Name: book1 b. Click Address TAB and provide the following attributes : Address Name : local-net Address type : IP address Value : /24 c. Under Attach zone section, Select trust from the list of Available zones. d. Click OK B. Configure VPN related interface, static route, security zone, and address book information for Westford spoke: 1. Specify ike to be allowed under interface ge-0/0/3.0 under security zone untrust. 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Select Security>Zones/Screens b. Select security zone untrust and click Edit c. Under Host Inbound traffic Zone tab, Select the services ike from the list of Available services. d. Click OK NOTE: This step is mandatory because if IKE is not enabled on the external interface, then the SRX will not accept inbound ike packets. Therefore they will be dropped, and IKE negotiations will not proceed further. 2. Configure the tunnel (st0) interface. 1. Select Configure>Interfaces>Ports 2. Select st0 in the left pane 3. Click Add>logical interface. 4. In the Add Interface box, a. Add the following attributes: Unit: 0 b. Check IPv4 Address box>enable address configuration Click Add. Provide the address attributes: IPv4 Address: Subnet: Click OK 3. Configure a route for tunnel traffic by specifying the remote destination network ( /24 for Corporate and /24 for Sunnyvale) and the next-hop as the st0 interface. For Corporate: 1. Select Routing>Static Routing 3. In the Add Static Route box, a. Select IPv4 Juniper Networks, Inc. 15
16 b. Add the following attributes: IP address: Subnet mask: 24 c. Under next-hop Click Add Interface: st0.0 d. Click OK 4. Click OK For Sunnyvale: 1. Select Routing>Static Routing 3. In the Add Static Route box, a. Select IPv4 b. Add the following attributes: IP address: Subnet mask: 24 c. under next-hop Click Add Interface: st0.0 d. Click OK 4. Click OK 4. Configure a security zone named vpn. 1. Select Security>Zones/Screens 3. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Main TAB, provide the following details. Zone name: vpn Zone type: security 5. Assign the tunnel interface to the security zone (vpn in this example). 1. In the Add Zone box, a. Under Interfaces in this zone section: Select the interface st0.0 from the Available list. b. After selecting interface must click the right arrow key to move interface to selected column 6. Configure another address book entry for the remote network and attach a zone to it. 1. select Configure>Security>Address Book 3. In the Add Address Book box, a. Add the following attributes: Address Book Name: book2 b. Click Address TAB and provide the following attributes : Address Name : corp-net Address type : IP address Value : /24 Address Name : sunnyvale-net Juniper Networks, Inc. 16
17 Address type : IP address Value : /24 c. Under Attach zone section, Select vpn from the list of Available zones. d. Click OK C. Configure IKE for Westford spoke: The IKE Phase 1 proposal, IKE policy, and IKE gateway are created in this section. Select IPSec VPN>Auto Tunnel> Phase 1 1. Create the IKE Phase 1 proposal. a. Under Proposal TAB, click Add. name: ike-phase1-proposal authentication-method: pre-shared-keys dh-group: group2 authentication-algorithm: sha1 encryption-algorithm: aes-128-cbc b. Click OK 2. Create an IKE policy for main mode. Also specify the ike-phase1-proposal (created above) and preshared key auth method. a. Under Policy TAB, click Add. b. Under IKE Policy TAB name : ike-phase1-policy mode: main 3. Specify a reference to the IKE proposal. a. Under proposal section, select User Defined. b. Select ike-phase1-proposal from the list of Available proposals. After selecting ike-phase1-proposal must click the right arrow key to move interface to selected column. c. Click OK d. Define the IKE Phase 1 policy authentication method. Under IKE Policy options TAB Select pre-shared-key. Select Ascii text and enter in password that will be used by both VPN endpoints for the preshared key. e. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 17
18 4. Create an IKE Phase 1 gateway. Specify the IKE policy, and external (outgoing interface) (phase 1) and the peer IP address/fqdn: For VPN to Corporate site: a. Under Gateway TAB, click Add. name : gw-corporate policy: ike-phase1-policy external-interface: ge-0/0/0.0 Address/FQDN : NOTE: The address/fqdn should be the remote peer s public IP address. It is important also to specify the correct external interface. If either the peer address or external interface is incorrect, then the IKE gateway is not identified during phase 1 negotiation. D. Configure IPsec for Westford spoke: The IPsec Phase 2 proposal, IPsec policy, and IPsec VPN are created in this section. Select IPSec VPN>Auto Tunnel> Phase 2 1. Create the IPsec Phase 2 proposal. a. Under Proposal TAB, click Add. name: ipsec-phase2-proposal protocol: esp authentication-algorithm: hmac-sha1-96 encryption-algorithm: aes-128-cbc 2. Create an IPSec policy and specify the IPSec Phase 2 proposal created above and along with perfect-forwardsecrecy (pfs). a. Under IPSec Policy TAB, click Add. name: ipsec-phase2-policy perfect-forward-secrecy: group2 b. Specify a reference to the IPSec proposal. Under proposal section, select User Defined. Select ike-phase2-proposal from the list of Available proposals. c. After selecting ike-phase2-proposal must click the right arrow key to move interface to selected column. Juniper Networks, Inc. 18
19 3. Create the IPSec VPN specifying the Remote gateway, IPsec policy, and tunnel interface. a. For vpn to Corporate: b. Under Auto Key VPN TAB, click Add. Name: vpn-corporate Remote Gateway: gw-corporate Ipsec Policy: from the drop-down list select ipsec-phase2-policy Bind to tunnel interface: from the drop-down list select st0.0 c. Click OK E. Configure Security Policies for Westford spoke: The security policies are configured for tunnel traffic in both directions in this section. In this example, a security policy permits traffic in one direction, but it also allows all reply traffic without the need for a reverse direction policy. However, since traffic can be initiated from either direction, bidirectional policies are required. NOTES: Policies includes zone information from initial steps setup. If required, more granular policies can be created to permit/deny certain traffic. Because the policies are regular non-tunnel policies, they do not specify the IPsec profile. Source NAT rules can be enabled if desired, but that is beyond the scope of this example. If more spoke sites are added, you can add the additional source/destination match entries for the new spoke local LANs to permit the traffic. Select Security>Policy>Apply Policy 1. Create the security policy to permit traffic from the trust zone to the vpn zone. a. Click Add b. Under Add Policy Window, provide the following details : policy name: to-corporate c. Under policy context, From zone: from the drop-down list select trust To zone: from the drop-down list select vpn d. Under Source Address, Select local-net from the list of available Address-book entries. Under Destination Address, Select corp-net and sunnywale-net from the list of available Address-book entries. e. Under Applications, Select any from the list of available Applications/Sets entries. f. Under Policy Action, select permit from the drop down list. g. Click OK Juniper Networks, Inc. 19
20 2. Create the security policy to permit traffic from the vpn zone to the trust zone. a. Click Add b. Under Add Policy Window, provide the following details : policy name: from-corporate c. Under policy context, From zone: from the drop-down list select vpn To zone: from the drop-down list select trust d. Under Source Address, Select corp-net and sunnyvale-net from the list of available Address-book entries. Under Destination Address, Select local-net from the list of available Address-book entries. e. Under Applications, Select any from the list of available Applications/Sets entries Under Policy Action, select permit from the drop down list. f. Click OK. Configuration steps for Sunnyvale spoke SRX To configure the Sunnyvale SRX, follow the configuration steps for the Westford SRX, replacing the parameters from the topology. Juniper Networks, Inc. 20
21 Verifying the IKE Phase 1 Status For CLI : From operational mode, enter the show security IPSec security-associations command. user@host> show security ike security-associations Index Remote Address State Initiator cookie Responder cookie Mode UP d77t81e85fe7e7e3 8bbae363d59cc85f Main UP 7fb608d592b38f1c 34eabfba5a363a6d Main For J-Web : The steps and tips to check the IKE Phase 1 status are below. (The steps to check the IPsec Phase 2 status are in the section that follows this.) 1. Click Monitor TAB 2. Select IPSec VPN>Phase 1 On the right hand side pane you will see the active IKE associations. This screen lists all the active IKE Phase 1 SAs. Each SA contains the following information: Index This value is unique for each IKE SA, which you can use the CLI command, show security ike securityassociations <index> detail, to get more information about the SA. Remote Address Verify that the remote IP address is correct. State Juniper Networks, Inc. 21
22 o UP The Phase 1 SA has been established. o DOWN There was a problem establishing the Phase 1 SA. Mode Verify that the correct mode is being used. Things to check: 1. In the show security ike security-associations command output, notice that the remote address is and the state is UP. If the State shows DOWN or if there are no IKE security associations present, then there is a problem with phase 1 establishment. Confirm that the remote IP address, IKE policy, and external interfaces are all correct. Common errors include incorrect IKE policy parameters such as wrong mode type (Aggressive or Main) or mismatched preshared keys or phase 1 proposals (all must match on both peers). An incorrect external interface is another common mis-configuration. This interface must be the correct interface that receives the IKE packets. 2. If the configurations have been checked, then check the kmd log for any errors or use the traceoptions option. Note: KMD Logs can be downloaded via J-Web for viewing by going to Maintain Tab->Files->Click on Log Files. Locate KMD line and click on Download. For information about traceoptions, see Troubleshooting. Verifying the IPsec Phase 2 Status For CLI: From operational mode, enter the show security ipsec security-associations command. user@host> show security ipsec security-associations total configured sa: 2 ID Gateway Port Algorithm SPI Life:sec/kb Mon vsys < ESP:aes-128/sha1 f / unlim - 0 > ESP:aes-128/sha1 33d66aa 1154/ unlim - 0 < ESP:aes-128/sha1 e76e48f5 1153/ unlim - 0 > ESP:aes-128/sha bf 1153/ unlim - 0 For J-Web: The steps and tips to check the IPsec Phase 2 status are below. 1. Click Monitor TAB 2. Select IPSec VPN>Phase 2 On the right hand side pane, click IPSec SA TAB. Juniper Networks, Inc. 22
23 This screen contains the following information: The ID number is Use this value with the CLI command show security ipsec securityassociations <index> to get more information about this particular SA. There is one IPsec SA pair using port 500, which indicates that no NAT-traversal is implemented. (NATtraversal uses port 4500 or another random high-number port.) The SPIs, lifetime (in seconds), and usage limits (or lifesize in KB) are shown for both directions. The 1155/ unlim value indicates that the Phase 2 lifetime expires in 1155 seconds, and that no lifesize has been specified, which indicates that it is unlimited. Phase 2 lifetime can differ from Phase 1 lifetime, as Phase 2 is not dependent on Phase 1 after the VPN is up. Things to check: 1. If no IPsec SA is listed, confirm that the phase 2 proposals, including the proxy ID settings, are correct for both peers. Note that for route-based VPNs, the default local proxy ID is /0, the remote proxy ID is /0, and the service is any. This can cause issues if you have multiple route-based VPNs from the same peer IP. In this case, you need to specify unique proxy IDs for each IPsec SA. Also, for some third-party vendors, you may need to configure the proxy ID to match. 2. Another common reason for phase 2 failing to complete is the failure to specify ST interface binding. Juniper Networks, Inc. 23
24 3. If IPsec cannot complete, check the messages log, and look for any logs with the keyword KMD. This should typically show whether or not the SA came up or not. Example: Apr 19 11:47:54 rng kmd[1319]: IKE Phase-2: Completed negotiations, connection established with tunnel-id: and lifetime 2992 seconds/0 KB - Local gateway: , Remote gateway: , Local Proxy ID: ipv4_subnet(any:0,[0..7]= /0), Remote Proxy ID: ipv4_subnet(any:0,[0..7]= /0), Protocol: ESP, Auth algo: sha1, Encryption algo: 3des-cbc, Direction: inbound, SPI: 93eb6df3, AUX-SPI: 0, Type: dynamic Note: Message Logs can be downloaded via J-Web for viewing by going to maintain Tab->Files->Click on Log Files. Locate MESSAGES line and click on Download. If the tunnel still fails to come UP, jump to the Troubleshooting section. Juniper Networks, Inc. 24
25 Verifying Static Routes for Remote Peer Local LANs 1. Click Monitor TAB 2. Select Routing>Routing Information 3. To check the route to destination , a. Under Route Filter', set the destination address as b. Click Search. c. Route for the destination is seen as below : Juniper Networks, Inc. 25
26 Reviewing Statistics and Errors for an IPsec Security Association 1. Click Monitor TAB 2. Select IPSec VPN>Phase 2 On the right hand side pane, click Statistics TAB. If you see packet loss issues across a VPN, you can adjust the refresh interval and then monitor the statistics to confirm that the encrypted and decrypted packet counters are incrementing. You should also check whether the other error counters are incrementing. Troubleshooting For step-by-step troubleshooting, refer to: KB Resolution Guide - How to Troubleshoot a VPN Tunnel that won't come up on a SRX Series device For help with configuring traceoptions for debugging and trimming output, refer to: Juniper Networks, Inc. 26
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