Spring Persistence. with Hibernate PAUL TEPPER FISHER BRIAN D. MURPHY

Transcription

1 Spring Persistence with Hibernate PAUL TEPPER FISHER BRIAN D. MURPHY

2 About the Authors About the Technical Reviewer Acknowledgments xii xiis xiv Preface xv Chapter 1: Architecting Your Application with Spring, Hibernate, and Patterns 1 The Benefit of a Consistent Approach 1 The Significance of Dependency Injection 2 A Synergistic Partnership 2 The Story of Spring's and Hibernate's Success 3 A Better Approach for Integration 3 Best Practices for Architecting an Application 4 Other Persistence Design Patterns 12 The Template Pattern 12 The Active-Record Pattern 14 Summary 15 ichapter 2: Spring Basics 17 Exploring Spring's Architecture 18 The Application Context 18 Beans, Beans, the Magical Fruit 20 The Spring Life Cycle 20 Understanding Bean Scopes 22 Dependency Injection and Inversion of Control 24 Setter-Based Dependency Injection 24 v

3 CONTENTS Constructor-Based Dependency Injection 25 Instance Collaboration 26 Coding to Interfaces 27 Dependency Injection via Autowiring 28 Annotation-Based Dependency Injection 29 Set It and Forget It! 30 Injecting Code Using AOP and Interceptors 31 Summary 32 Chapter 3: Basic Application Setup 33 Application Management with Maven 33 Managed Dependencies 33 Standard Directory Structure 35 POM Deconstruction 35 Spring Configuration 37 Namespace Support 38 Externalizing Property Configurations 38 Component Scanning 38 Import Statements 39 Database Integration 40 JDBC Support 40 Integration with JNDI 41 Web Application Configuration 43 Servlet Definition 44 Spring MVC 45 Summary 47 Chapter 4: Persistence with Hibernate 49 The Evolution of Database Persistence in Java 49 EJB, JDO, and JPA 50 vi

4 CONTENTS How Hibernate Fits In 52 JPA Interface Hierarchy 52 The Art Gallery Domain Model and DAO Structure 54 An Entity-Annotated POJO 55 Simplified DAO Pattern with Generics 56 The Life Cycle of a JPA Entity 62 JPA Configuration 64 Bare-Bones JPA Setup 64 Spring Integration 66 Summary 68 Chapter 5: Domain Model Fundamentals 69 Understanding Associations 69 Building the Domain Model 71 Convention over Configuration 74 Managing Entity Identifiers 75 Using Cascading Options to Establish Data Relationships 76 Adding Second-Level Caching 77 Using Polymorphism with Hibernate 78 Summary 84 Chapter 6: DAOs and Querying 85 A Basic Hibernate DAO Implementation 85 Building a DAO 86 Using Spring's Hibernate Support Classes 87 Enabling Query Caching with the HibernateTemplate 88 Going Template-less 89 Querying in Hibernate 92 Loading an Entity 93 Querying for a Particular Type 93 vii

5 B CONTENTS Using Named Parameters 94 Querying Using Core Hibernate 95 Using Named Queries 96 Working with Polymorphic Queries 96 Persisting Data with Hibernate 97 Saving and Updating Data 97 Handling Binary Data 97 Understanding the Benefits of the Criteria API 98 Using the JPA 2.0 Criteria API 99 Summary 107 Chapter 7: Transaction Management 109 The Joy of ACID 110 Understanding isolation Levels 111 Serializable 112 Repeatable Read 112 Read Committed 113 Read Uncommitted 113 Controlling ACID Reflux 113 Platform Transaction Management 114 Declarative Transaction Management 115 Programmatic Transaction Management 120 Transactional Examples 121 Creating a Batch Application 121 Using Two Datasources 122 Summary 123 Chapter 8: Effective Testing 125 Unit, Integration, and Functional Testing 126 Using JUnit for Effective Testing 127 viii

6 CONTENTS Unit Testing with Mocks 128 Spring Dependency Injection and Testing 132 Testing with a Database 134 Summary 136 Chapter 9: Best Practices and Advanced Techniques 137 Lazy Loading Issues 137 The N+1 Selects Problem 137 Lazy Initialization Exceptions 141 Caching 143 Integrating a Caching Implementation 144 Caching Your Queries 149 Caching in a Clustered Configuration 150 Summary 153 Chapter 10: Integration Frameworks 155 RESTful Web Services with Spring 155 Nouns, Verbs, and Content-Types 156 Serializing the Object Graph 157 Using the Dreaded DTO Pattern 158 Leveraging Spring 3's REST Support 168 Marshaling Data with Spring OXM 170 Handling Concurrency 172 Free-Text Search 173 Introducing Lucene Introducing Hibernate Search 176 Putting Lucene and Hibernate in Sync 184 Building a Domain-Specific Search 185 Summary 186 ix

7 CONTENTS Chapter 11: GORM and Grails 189 A Crash Course in Groovy 189 Letting Your Types Loose 191 GStrings Strings on Steroids 191 Default Constructors in Groovy 191 Closures in Groovy 191 Getting Grails Running 193 Installing Grails 193 Creating a Grails Application 193 Configuring Your Application 196 Configuring Your Datasource 197 Mapping URLs 198 Defining the Grails Domain Model 199 Adding Constraints and Validation 200 Defining Associations and Properties 201 Customizing Domain Class Hibernate Mappings 203 Using Active Record As an Alternative to DAOs 204 Looking Under the Hood of GORM 205 Working with Dynamic Finder Methods 205 Creating Advanced Query Methods 210 Using the Criteria API 210 Handling Associations in Grails 211 Scaffolding and Building Your Grails Application 212 Defining a Transactional Service Layer in Grails 213 Summary 214 X

8 m CONTENTS Chapter 12: Spring Roo 215 What Roo Is (and What It Is Not) 215 Creating a Domain Model with Roo 217 Getting Started with Roo 218 Creating a New Project 220 Adding Entities 221 Adding Fields 225 Exploring the Automatically Generated Testing Infrastructure 226 Mapping Associations 228 Modeling Inheritance 228 Adding Spring MVC 230 Adding Service Layers and DAOs. 231 Now You See Me, Now You Don't Removing Roo 233 Summary 234 Index 235 xi