IQTIDAR ALI Lecturer IBMS Agriculture University Peshawar

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1 IQTIDAR ALI Lecturer IBMS Agriculture University Peshawar

2 Upon completing the course, you will understand Create, compile, and run Java programs Primitive data types Java control flow Operator Methods Arrays Constructor Method Overloading and overriding Object-oriented programming Core Java classes (Swing, exception, AWT,etc) 2

3 You will be able to Develop programs using eclipse. Write simple programs using primitive data types, control statements, methods, and arrays. Create and use methods Develop a GUI interface Write interesting projects Establish a firm foundation on Java concepts 3

4 Part I: Mid Term Fundamentals of Programming Introduction to Java Primitive Data Types Operator & Assignments Control Statements Methods Arrays Class Fundamentals 4

5 Part II: Constructors Method Overloading Method Overriding Exception Handling Final Term Introduction to Java.AWT Packages Creating Frames & Panels Layout Managers Creating and adding GUI objects 5

6 Java is a relatively new programming language as compared to others. Java is a high-level programming language. The idea was to develop a language which was platform independent and which could create software for consumer electronic devices. The Language took 18 months to develop and had a initial names as Oak, which was renamed to java in 1995 due to copyright issues. 6

7 Java originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995 (which has since merge into oracle Corporation). JDk 1.0 released in january 23, HotJava The first Java-enabled Web browser JDK Evolutions J2SE, J2ME, and J2EE (not mentioned in the book, but could discuss here optionally) 7

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9 JDK 1.02 (1995) JDK 1.1 (1996) J2SE1.2 (1998) J2SE1.3 (2000) J2SE1.4 (2002) J2SE 5.0( 2004) Java SE 6 (2006) Java SE 7 (2011) 9

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11 Java Standard Edition (J2SE) J2SE can be used to develop client-side standalone applications or applets. Java Enterprise Edition (J2EE) J2EE can be used to develop server-side applications such as Java servlets and Java ServerPages. Java Micro Edition (J2ME). J2ME can be used to develop applications for mobile devices such as cell phones. 11

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14 Java Application Programming:- Java application program is the one which run on your computer under the O.S of your computer. A Java program that runs stand alone in a client or server. Java programs have full access to all the resources in the computer. Java Applet Programming:- Java applet is an application designed to be transmitted over the Internet and executed java compatible web browser. Java Applets are small programs written in the Java that can be embedded into web pages. programminglanguage Applet programs run on the Internet user's computer rather server s computer. than the web

15 it can be defined as a collection of objects that communicate via invoking each other's methods. Let us now briefly look into what do class, object, methods and instance variables mean. Object - Objects have states and behaviours. Example: A dog has states - colour, name, breed as well as behaviours -wagging, barking, eating. An object is an instance of a class. Class - A class can be defined as a template/ blue print that describes the behaviours/states that object of its type support. Methods - A method is basically a behaviour. A class can contain many methods. It is in methods where the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed. Instance Variables - Each object has its unique set of instance variables. An object's state is created by the values assigned to these instance variables.

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18 Class:- is a keyword to define a new class followed by name. { } :- the class definition begin with curly braces & end with the closing curly braces. public :- is key word and access specifier. static:- is a key word and kind of modifier. void :- is a key word mean return nothing. main():- is a main method & there is only one parameter. 18

19 String args[]:- args[] is a name of the parameter that is an array of the object of data type String. System:- is a built-in class present in java.lang packages. It contain predefined methods and fields, which provides facilities like standard input, output etc. out:- is an object in system class which is of the type printstream. println():- is a public method in Printstream class to print the data values. Hence to access a method in printstream class we use out.println(). 19

20 Open notepad and add the code as above. Save the file as: MyFirstJavaProgram.java. Open a command prompt window and go to the directory where you saved the class. Assume it's C:\. Type ' javac MyFirstJavaProgram.java' and press enter to compile your code. If there are no errors in your code, the command prompt will take you to the next line (Assumption : The path variable is set). Now, type ' java MyFirstJavaProgram ' to run your program. You will be able to see ' Hello World ' printed on the window. C:\> javac MyFirstJavaProgram.java C:\> java MyFirstJavaProgram Hello World

21 Write program Save with class name Execute/Run Output will be displayed

22 The application program interface (API) contains predefined classes and interfaces for developing Java programs. It allows the programmers to use predefined functions to interact with systems, instead of writing them from scratch. Java API is huge collection of library routines that performs basic programming tasks such as looping, displaying GUI form etc. The Java language specification is stable, but the API is still expanding. At the Sun Java website (java.sun.com), you can view and download the latest version of the Java API. 22

23 The java comprises three components Java Language JVM or Java Virtual Machine The Java API Java Language:- It defines easy way to learn syntax and semantics for java programming language. JVM :- The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) runs the core language. The core language is simple enough to run on small devices, phones, smart cards, PDAs. Java API :- There are three types of API available in java technology. 23

24 Official Java Core API Its part of JDK. The three editions of java programming languages are Java SE, Java ME and Java EE. Optional Java API The optional java API can be downloaded separately. Unofficial API These API s are developed by third parties and can downloaded from the owner website. 24

25 Sun Java programming student guide By Sun Microsystems. Beginning Java 2 by Ivoe Horton Java How to program by Paul Deitel, Harvey Deitel. 25

26 Mid-Term Exams. 15% Assignments 9% Final Exams. 70% Quizes 6% 26

27 import java.util.scanner; import javax.swing.joptionpane; public class takingvaluefrmkeyboard { public static void main(string[] args) { int num, num1, ans=0; System.out.println("Enter two numbers to add\n"); Scanner s=new Scanner (System.in); num=s.nextint(); num1=s.nextint(); ans=num+num1; System.out.println("Answer is =" +ans); } } 27

28 import java.util.scanner; import javax.swing.joptionpane; public class takingvaluefrmkeyboard { public static void main(string[] args) { int a,b,ans; a=integer.parseint(joptionpane.showinputdialog("enter first value")); b=integer.parseint(joptionpane.showinputdialog("enter second value")); ans=a+b; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"result is.."+ans); System.exit(0); } } 28

29 import java.util.scanner; import javax.swing.joptionpane; public class takingvaluefrmkeyboard { public static void main(string[] args) { int a,b,ans; a=integer.parseint(joptionpane.showinputdialog("enter first value")); b=integer.parseint(joptionpane.showinputdialog("enter second value")); ans=a+b; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"result is.."+ans); System.exit(0); } } 29

30 What are the input and output of a Java compiler? Explain the Java keywords. List some Java keywords you learned? Is Java case-sensitive? What is the case for Java keywords? What is the Java source filename extension, and what is the Java bytecode filename extension? What is a comment? What is the syntax for a comment in Java? Is the comment ignored by the compiler? What is the statement to display a string on the console? Identify and fix the errors in the following code: public class Welcome { public void Main(String[] args) { System.out.println('Welcome to Java!); } } What is the command to compile a Java program? What is the command to run a Java application? 30

31 Thanks for listening 31

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