Services: Apache Distributed configuration & Access control

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1 Services: Apache Distributed configuration & Access control David Morgan Options controls which of certain features are available the features ExecCGI FollowSymLinks Includes IncludesNoExec Indexes MultiViews SymLinksIfOwnerMatch XBitHack 1

2 Config affects site s root Document Root /subdir3 /subdir4 /subdir1 /subdir5 /subdir2 Special treatment: <Directory> containers /subdir3 /subdir1 /subdir2 /subdir4 /subdir5 Document Root <Directory /subdir3 > <Directory /subdir5 > 2

3 Special treatment: htaccess files /subdir3 Document Root /subdir3/htaccess /subdir4 /subdir1 /subdir2 /subdir5 /subdir5/htaccess Special treatment: htaccess files /home Document Root UserDir public_html carlos darrell kate public_html public_html public_html /home/carlos/public_html/htaccess /home/darrell /public_html /htaccess /home/kate /public_html /htaccess 3

AllowOverride Permits directives in htaccess by category Categories have names AuthConfig FileInfo Indexes Limit Options one extreme: AllowOverride All (htaccess can

4 AllowOverride Permits directives in htaccess by category Categories have names AuthConfig FileInfo Indexes Limit Options one extreme: AllowOverride All (htaccess can do anything) other extreme: AllowOverride None (can do nothing) in the middle: AllowOverride <chosen combination of categories> Individual per-user site directories 4

5 Allow from, Deny from specify which computers can access an area of the server by address or domain name of host or net Allow/Deny from Allow/Deny from Allow/Deny from wwwapacheorg Allow/Deny from net apacheorg uclaedu Order Functions establish precedence of Allow and Deny determine default access state Forms Order Deny,Allow conflict? Allows, evaluated after Denys, have last word no mention? access allowed by default Order Allow,Deny conflict? Denys, evaluated after Allows, have last word no mention? access denied by default 5

6 Examples Order Deny,Allow Allow from Deny from What? which one wins? 2 Allow evaluated after (trumps) Deny Allow wins Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from apacheorg Allow by default But explicitly, deny from all and allow from apacheorg In case of apacheorg matches both Deny and Allow which wins? Allow wins Order Allow,Deny Allow from apacheorg Deny from fooapacheorg Deny by default But explicitly, allow from apacheorg and allow from fooapacheorg In case of fooapacheorg matches both Allow and Deny which wins? Deny wins Exercise: what if Allow,Deny were switched to Deny,Allow? What about labtest directory? <Directory /usr/local/apache_1314/htdocs/labtest> AllowOverride None Options None Order Deny, Allow Deny from All Allow from ctasl001 can t use htaccess there to call shots locally can t use CGI or SSI there, nor other Options features no computers can access files it contains, except ctasl001 6

7 Now what about it? <Directory /usr/local/apache_1314/htdocs/labtest> AllowOverride All Options None Order Deny, Allow Deny from All Allow from ctasl001 changes /usr/local/apache_1314/htdocs/labtest/htdocs Order Allow,Deny Allow from All can use htaccess there to call shots locally can t use CGI or SSI there, nor other Options features all computers can access files it contains 7

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