Programs as Values Pure Functional Database Access in Scala
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- Jasper Stafford
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1 Programs as Values Pure Functional Database Access in Scala Rob Norris Gemini Observatory
2 Programs as Values Pure Functional Database Access in Scala Rob Norris Gemini Observatory
3 What's this about? This is a talk about the implementation of doobie, a principled library for database access in Scala.
4 What's this about? This is a talk about the implementation of doobie, a principled library for database access in Scala. JDBC programming is terrible.
5 What's this about? This is a talk about the implementation of doobie, a principled library for database access in Scala. JDBC programming is terrible. Free monads [over free functors] are awesome.
6 What's this about? This is a talk about the implementation of doobie, a principled library for database access in Scala. JDBC programming is terrible. Free monads [over free functors] are awesome. Think of programs as composable values, rather than imperative processes.
7 What's this about? This is a talk about the implementation of doobie, a principled library for database access in Scala. JDBC programming is terrible. Free monads [over free functors] are awesome. Think of programs as composable values, rather than imperative processes. Lather, rinse, repeat. This is a great strategy for making terrible APIs tolerable.
8 The Problem So what's wrong with this JDBC program? case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! def getperson(rs: ResultSet): Person = { val name = rs.getstring(1) val age = rs.getint(2) Person(name, age) }
9 The Problem Managed! Resource So what's wrong with this JDBC program? case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! def getperson(rs: ResultSet): Person = { val name = rs.getstring(1) val age = rs.getint(2) Person(name, age) }
10 The Problem Managed! Resource So what's wrong with this JDBC program? case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! def getperson(rs: ResultSet): Person = { val name = rs.getstring(1) val age = rs.getint(2) Person(name, age) } Side-Effect
11 The Problem Managed! Resource So what's wrong with this JDBC program? case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! def getperson(rs: ResultSet): Person = { val name = rs.getstring(1) val age = rs.getint(2) Person(name, age) } Composition? Side-Effect
12 Here is our game plan: The Strategy
13 The Strategy Here is our game plan: Let's talk about primitive operations as values... these are the smallest meaningful programs.
14 The Strategy Here is our game plan: Let's talk about primitive operations as values... these are the smallest meaningful programs. Let's define rules for combining little programs to make bigger programs.
15 The Strategy Here is our game plan: Let's talk about primitive operations as values... these are the smallest meaningful programs. Let's define rules for combining little programs to make bigger programs. Let's define an interpreter that consumes these programs and performs actual work.
16 Primitives An algebra is just a set of objects, along with rules for manipulating them. Here our objects are the set of primitive computations you can perform with a JDBC ResultSet. sealed trait ResultSetOp[A]! case object Next extends ResultSetOp[Boolean] case class GetInt(i: Int) extends ResultSetOp[Int] case class GetString(i: Int) extends ResultSetOp[String] case object Close extends ResultSetOp[Unit] // 188 more...
17 Primitives An algebra is just a set of objects, along with rules for manipulating them. Here our objects are the set of primitive computations you can perform with a JDBC ResultSet. sealed trait ResultSetOp[A]! case object Next extends ResultSetOp[Boolean] case class GetInt(i: Int) extends ResultSetOp[Int] case class GetString(i: Int) extends ResultSetOp[String] case object Close extends ResultSetOp[Unit] // 188 more... Constructor per Method
18 Primitives An algebra is just a set of objects, along with rules for manipulating them. Here our objects are the set of primitive computations you can perform with a JDBC ResultSet. sealed trait ResultSetOp[A]! case object Next extends ResultSetOp[Boolean] case class GetInt(i: Int) extends ResultSetOp[Int] case class GetString(i: Int) extends ResultSetOp[String] case object Close extends ResultSetOp[Unit] // 188 more... Constructor per Method Parameterized on Return Type
19 Operations
20 Operations A B
21 Operations A B f C
22 Operations A B f C f D
23 Operations A B f C f D f E E
24 Operations A B f C f D f E E F
25 Operations A B f C f D f E E F unit
26 Operations A B f C f D f flatmap E E F unit
27 Operations A B f C f map D f flatmap E E F unit
28 Operations A B f lifta2 C f map D f flatmap E E F unit
29 Operations A B f lifta2 C f map D f flatmap E E Monad! unit F
30 If only If we had Monad[ResultSetOp] we could do this: case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetOp[Person] = for { name <- GetString(1) age <- GetInt(2) } yield Person(name, age)
31 If only If we had Monad[ResultSetOp] we could do this: case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetOp[Person] = for { name <- GetString(1) age <- GetInt(2) } yield Person(name, age) But we don't.
32 Spare a Monad? Fancy words. Please be seated.
33 Spare a Monad? Fancy words. Please be seated. Free[F[_],?] is a monad for any functor F.
34 Spare a Monad? Fancy words. Please be seated. Free[F[_],?] is a monad for any functor F. Coyoneda[S[_],?] is a functor for any S at all.
35 Spare a Monad? Fancy words. Please be seated. Free[F[_],?] is a monad for any functor F. Coyoneda[S[_],?] is a functor for any S at all. By substitution, Free[Coyoneda[S[_],?],?] is a monad for any S at all.
36 Spare a Monad? Fancy words. Please be seated. Free[F[_],?] is a monad for any functor F. Coyoneda[S[_],?] is a functor for any S at all. By substitution, Free[Coyoneda[S[_],?],?] is a monad for any S at all. scalaz abbreviates this type as FreeC[S,?]
37 Spare a Monad? Fancy words. Please be seated. Free[F[_],?] is a monad for any functor F. Coyoneda[S[_],?] is a functor for any S at all. By substitution, Free[Coyoneda[S[_],?],?] is a monad for any S at all. scalaz abbreviates this type as FreeC[S,?] Set S = ResultSetOp and watch what happens.
38 Wait, what? import scalaz.{ Free, Coyoneda } import scalaz.free.{ FreeC, liftfc }! type ResultSetIO[A] = FreeC[ResultSetOp, A]
39 Wait, what? import scalaz.{ Free, Coyoneda } import scalaz.free.{ FreeC, liftfc }! type ResultSetIO[A] = FreeC[ResultSetOp, A] val next: ResultSetIO[Boolean] = liftfc(next) def getint(i: Int): ResultSetIO[Int] = liftfc(getint(a)) def getstring(i: Int): ResultSetIO[String] = liftfc(getstring(a)) val close: ResultSetIO[Unit] = liftfc(close)
40 Wait, what? import scalaz.{ Free, Coyoneda } import scalaz.free.{ FreeC, liftfc }! type ResultSetIO[A] = FreeC[ResultSetOp, A] val next: ResultSetIO[Boolean] = liftfc(next) def getint(i: Int): ResultSetIO[Int] = liftfc(getint(a)) def getstring(i: Int): ResultSetIO[String] = liftfc(getstring(a)) val close: ResultSetIO[Unit] = liftfc(close) Smart Ctors
41 Wait, what? import scalaz.{ Free, Coyoneda } import scalaz.free.{ FreeC, liftfc }! type ResultSetIO[A] = FreeC[ResultSetOp, A] val next: ResultSetIO[Boolean] = liftfc(next) def getint(i: Int): ResultSetIO[Int] = liftfc(getint(a)) def getstring(i: Int): ResultSetIO[String] = liftfc(getstring(a)) val close: ResultSetIO[Unit] = liftfc(close) Smart Ctors ResultSetOp
42 Wait, what? Free Monad import scalaz.{ Free, Coyoneda } import scalaz.free.{ FreeC, liftfc }! type ResultSetIO[A] = FreeC[ResultSetOp, A] val next: ResultSetIO[Boolean] = liftfc(next) def getint(i: Int): ResultSetIO[Int] = liftfc(getint(a)) def getstring(i: Int): ResultSetIO[String] = liftfc(getstring(a)) val close: ResultSetIO[Unit] = liftfc(close) Smart Ctors ResultSetOp
43 Programming Now we can write programs in ResultSetIO using familiar monadic style. case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { name <- getstring(1) age <- getint(2) } yield Person(name, age)
44 Programming Now we can write programs in ResultSetIO using familiar monadic style. No ResultSet! case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { name <- getstring(1) age <- getint(2) } yield Person(name, age)
45 Programming Now we can write programs in ResultSetIO using familiar monadic style. No ResultSet! case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { name <- getstring(1) age <- getint(2) } yield Person(name, age) Values!
46 Programming Now we can write programs in ResultSetIO using familiar monadic style. No ResultSet! case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { name <- getstring(1) age <- getint(2) } yield Person(name, age) Values! Composition!
47 Functor Operations A B f C f D f E E
48 Functor Operations A B f C f D f E E // Construct a program to read a Date at column n! def getdate(n: Int): ResultSetIO[java.util.Date] =! getlong(n).map(new java.util.date(_))!
49 Functor Operations A B f C f D f E E // Construct a program to read a Date at column n! def getdate(n: Int): ResultSetIO[java.util.Date] =! getlong(n).map(new java.util.date(_))! fpair strengthl strengthr fproduct as void
50 Applicative Operations A B f C f D f E E
51 Applicative Operations A B f C f D f E E F
52 Applicative Operations A B f C f D f E E // Program to read a person! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] =! getint(2)) { (s, n) =>! Person(s, n)! } F
53 Applicative Operations A B f C f D f E E // Program to move to the next row! // and then read a person! val getnextperson: ResultSetIO[Person] =! next *> getperson F
54 Applicative Operations A B f C f D f E E // Construct a program to read! // a list of people! def getpeople(n: Int): ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! getnextperson.replicatem(n) F
55 Applicative Operations // Implementation of replicatem! def getpeople(n: Int): ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! getnextperson.replicatem(n)
56 Applicative Operations // Implementation of replicatem! def getpeople(n: Int): ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! getnextperson.replicatem(n) // List[ResultSetIO[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson)
57 Applicative Operations // Implementation of replicatem! def getpeople(n: Int): ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! getnextperson.replicatem(n) // List[ResultSetIO[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson) // ResultSetIO[List[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson).sequence
58 Applicative Operations // Implementation of replicatem! def getpeople(n: Int): ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! getnextperson.replicatem(n) // List[ResultSetIO[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson) // ResultSetIO[List[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson).sequence Awesome
59 Applicative Operations // Implementation of replicatem! def getpeople(n: Int): ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! getnextperson.replicatem(n) // List[ResultSetIO[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson) // ResultSetIO[List[Person]]! List.fill(n)(getNextPerson).sequence Traverse[List] Awesome
60 Monad Operations A B f C f D f E E F
61 Monad Operations A B f C f D f E E // Now we can branch! val getpersonopt: ResultSetIO[Option[Person]] =! next.flatmap {! case true => getperson.map(_.some)! case false => none.point[resultsetio]! }! F
62 Monad Operations A B f C f D f E E // And iterate!! val getallpeople: ResultSetIO[Vector[Person]] =! next.whilem[vector](getperson)! F
63 Monad Operations A B f C f D f E E // And iterate!! val getallpeople: ResultSetIO[Vector[Person]] =! next.whilem[vector](getperson)! F Seriously
64 Okaaay...
65 Okaaay... We can write little programs with this made-up data type and they are pure values and have nice compositional properties.
66 Okaaay... We can write little programs with this made-up data type and they are pure values and have nice compositional properties. But how do we, um... run them?
67 Interpreting
68 Interpreting To "run" our program we interpret it into some target monad of our choice. We're returning our loaner in exchange for a "real" monad.
69 Interpreting To "run" our program we interpret it into some target monad of our choice. We're returning our loaner in exchange for a "real" monad. To do this, we need to provide a mapping from ResultSetOp[A] (our original data type) to M[A] for any A.
70 Interpreting To "run" our program we interpret it into some target monad of our choice. We're returning our loaner in exchange for a "real" monad. To do this, we need to provide a mapping from ResultSetOp[A] (our original data type) to M[A] for any A. This is called a natural transformation and is written ResultSetOp ~> M.
71 Interpreting Here we interpret into scalaz.effect.io def trans(rs: ResultSet) = new (ResultSetOp ~> IO) { def apply[a](fa: ResultSetOp[A]): IO[A] = fa match { case Next => IO(rs.next) case GetInt(i) => IO(rs.getInt(i)) case GetString(i) => IO(rs.getString(i)) case Close => IO(rs.close) // lots more } }
72 Interpreting Here we interpret into scalaz.effect.io def trans(rs: ResultSet) = new (ResultSetOp ~> IO) { def apply[a](fa: ResultSetOp[A]): IO[A] = fa match { case Next => IO(rs.next) case GetInt(i) => IO(rs.getInt(i)) case GetString(i) => IO(rs.getString(i)) case Close => IO(rs.close) // lots more } } ResultSetOp
73 Interpreting Here we interpret into scalaz.effect.io def trans(rs: ResultSet) = new (ResultSetOp ~> IO) { def apply[a](fa: ResultSetOp[A]): IO[A] = fa match { case Next => IO(rs.next) case GetInt(i) => IO(rs.getInt(i)) case GetString(i) => IO(rs.getString(i)) case Close => IO(rs.close) // lots more } } ResultSetOp Target Monad
74 Running def toio[a](a: ResultSetIO[A], rs: ResultSet): IO[A] = Free.runFC(a)(trans(rs))
75 Running def toio[a](a: ResultSetIO[A], rs: ResultSet): IO[A] = Free.runFC(a)(trans(rs)) Program written in FreeC
76 Running def toio[a](a: ResultSetIO[A], rs: ResultSet): IO[A] = Free.runFC(a)(trans(rs)) Program written in FreeC Natural Transformation
77 Running def toio[a](a: ResultSetIO[A], rs: ResultSet): IO[A] = Free.runFC(a)(trans(rs)) Program written in FreeC Target Natural Transformation
78 Running def toio[a](a: ResultSetIO[A], rs: ResultSet): IO[A] = Free.runFC(a)(trans(rs)) Program written in FreeC Target Natural Transformation val prog = next.whilem[list](getperson) toio(prog, rs).unsafeperformio // List[Person]
79 Fine. What's doobie?
80 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC.
81 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A]
82 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] ClobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ConnectionIO[A]
83 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A]
84 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A]
85 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A]
86 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A] ResultSetIO[A] SQLDataIO[A]
87 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A] ResultSetIO[A] SQLDataIO[A] SQLInputIO[A] SQLOutputIO[A]
88 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A] ResultSetIO[A] SQLDataIO[A] SQLInputIO[A] SQLOutputIO[A] StatementIO[A]
89 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A] ResultSetIO[A] SQLDataIO[A] SQLInputIO[A] SQLOutputIO[A] StatementIO[A]
90 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A] ResultSetIO[A] SQLDataIO[A] SQLInputIO[A] SQLOutputIO[A] StatementIO[A] Pure functional support for all primitive operations.
91 Fine. What's doobie? Low-level API is basically exactly this, for all of JDBC. BlobIO[A] CallableStatementIO[A] ClobIO[A] ConnectionIO[A] DatabaseMetaDataIO[A] DriverIO[A] DriverManagerIO[A] NClobIO[A] PreparedStatementIO[A] RefIO[A] ResultSetIO[A] SQLDataIO[A] SQLInputIO[A] SQLOutputIO[A] StatementIO[A] Pure functional support for all primitive operations. Machine-generated (!)
92 Exception Handling val ma = ConnectionIO[A]!! ma.attempt // ConnectionIO[Throwable \/ A]!! // General // SQLException! ma.attemptsome(handler) ma.attemptsql! ma.except(handler) ma.attemptsqlstate! ma.exceptsome(handler) ma.attemptsomesqlstate(handler)! ma.onexception(action) ma.exceptsql(handler)! ma.ensuring(sequel) ma.exceptsqlstate(handler)! ma.exceptsomesqlstate(handler)!! // PostgreSQL (hundreds more)! ma.onwarning(handler)! ma.ondynamicresultsetsreturned(handler)! ma.onimplicitzerobitpadding(handler)! ma.onnullvalueeliminatedinsetfunction(handler)! ma.onprivilegenotgranted(handler)!...
93 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { name <- getstring(1) age <- getint(2) } yield Person(name, age)
94 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { name <- get[string](1) age <- get[int](2) } yield Person(name, age) Abstract over return type
95 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { p <- get[(string, Int)](1) } yield Person(p._1, p._2) Generalize to tuples
96 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = for { p <- get[person](1) } yield p Generalize to Products
97 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = get[person](1)
98 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! val getperson: ResultSetIO[Person] = get[person]
99 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! get[person]
100 Mapping via Typeclass case class Person(name: String, age: Int)! get[person] This is how you would really write it in doobie.
101 Streaming
102 Streaming // One way to read into a List! val readall: ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! next.whilem[list](get[person])
103 Streaming // One way to read into a List! val readall: ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! next.whilem[list](get[person]) // Another way! val people: Process[ResultSetIO, Person] =! process[person]
104 Streaming // One way to read into a List! val readall: ResultSetIO[List[Person]] =! next.whilem[list](get[person]) // Another way! val people: Process[ResultSetIO, Person] =! process[person] people!.filter(_.name.length > 5)!.take(20)!.moreStuff!.list // ResultSetIO[List[Person]]
105 High-Level API
106 High-Level API doobie programs can be nested, matching the natural structure of database interactions.
107 High-Level API doobie programs can be nested, matching the natural structure of database interactions. Some of the common patterns are provided in a high-level API that abstracts the lifting.
108 High-Level API case class Country(name: String, code: String, pop: BigDecimal)! def biggerthan(pop: Int) =! sql"""! select code, name, gnp from country! where population > $pop! """.query[country]
109 High-Level API case class Country(name: String, code: String, pop: BigDecimal)! def biggerthan(pop: Int) =! sql"""! select code, name, gnp from country! where population > $pop! """.query[country] Typed
110 High-Level API case class Country(name: String, code: String, pop: BigDecimal)! def biggerthan(pop: Int) =! sql"""! select code, name, gnp from country! where population > $pop! """.query[country] Typed Yields Countries
111 High-Level API scala> biggerthan( )!.process // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.take(5) // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.list // ConnectionIO[List[Person]]!.transact(xa) // Task[List[Person]]!.run // List[Person]!.foreach(println)! Country(BGD,Bangladesh, )! Country(BRA,Brazil, )! Country(IDN,Indonesia, )! Country(IND,India, )! Country(JPN,Japan, )!!
112 High-Level API scala> biggerthan( )!.process // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.take(5) // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.list // ConnectionIO[List[Person]]!.transact(xa) // Task[List[Person]]!.run // List[Person]!.foreach(println)! Country(BGD,Bangladesh, )! Country(BRA,Brazil, )! Country(IDN,Indonesia, )! Country(IND,India, )! Transactor[Task] Country(JPN,Japan, )!!
113 YOLO Mode scala> biggerthan( )!.process // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.take(5) // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.quick // Task[Unit]!.run // Unit! Country(BGD,Bangladesh, )! Country(BRA,Brazil, )! Country(IDN,Indonesia, )! Country(IND,India, )! Country(JPN,Japan, )!!
114 YOLO Mode scala> biggerthan( )!.process // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.take(5) // Process[ConnectionIO, Person]!.quick // Task[Unit]!.run // Unit! Country(BGD,Bangladesh, )! Country(BRA,Brazil, )! Country(IDN,Indonesia, )! Country(IND,India, )! Country(JPN,Japan, )!! Ambient Transactor! Just for Experimenting! in the REPL
115 YOLO MODE scala> biggerthan(0).check.run!! select code, name, gnp from country where population >?!! SQL Compiles and Typechecks! P01 Int! INTEGER (int4)! C01 code CHAR (bpchar) NOT NULL! String! C02 name VARCHAR (varchar) NOT NULL! String! C03 gnp NUMERIC (numeric) NULL! BigDecimal! - Reading a NULL value into BigDecimal will result in a runtime! failure. Fix this by making the schema type NOT NULL or by! changing the Scala type to Option[BigDecimal]!
116 YOLO MODE scala> biggerthan(0).check.run!! select code, name, gnp from country where population >?!! Can also do this in SQL Compiles and Typechecks! your unit tests! P01 Int! INTEGER (int4)! C01 code CHAR (bpchar) NOT NULL! String! C02 name VARCHAR (varchar) NOT NULL! String! C03 gnp NUMERIC (numeric) NULL! BigDecimal! - Reading a NULL value into BigDecimal will result in a runtime! failure. Fix this by making the schema type NOT NULL or by! changing the Scala type to Option[BigDecimal]!
117 Much More
118 Much More Extremely simple custom type mappings for columns and composite types.
119 Much More Extremely simple custom type mappings for columns and composite types. Connection Pooling with HikariCP, easily extended for other pooling implementations.
120 Much More Extremely simple custom type mappings for columns and composite types. Connection Pooling with HikariCP, easily extended for other pooling implementations. Syntax aplenty, to make fancy types easier to work with.
121 Much More Extremely simple custom type mappings for columns and composite types. Connection Pooling with HikariCP, easily extended for other pooling implementations. Syntax aplenty, to make fancy types easier to work with. PostgreSQL Support: Geometric Types, Arrays, PostGIS types, LISTEN/NOTIFY, CopyIn/Out, Large Objects,
122 Moar Info gitter book of doobie
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