Transcription

1 Towards xmof: Executable DSMLs based on fuml Tanja Mayerhofer, Philip Langer, Manuel Wimmer Business Informatics Group Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology Favoritenstraße 9 11/188 3, 1040 Vienna, Austria phone: +43 (1) (secretary), fax: +43 (1) office@big.tuwien.ac.at,

2 Domain Specific Modeling Languages g Success of MDE depends on availability of means for defining DSMLs DSML Eclipse Modeling Tools Syntax Semantics Abstract Syntax MOF Ecore Static Semantics OCL Concrete Syntax Xtext GMF Behavioral Semantics? No standard means for specifying behavioral semantics of DSML exist Efficient development of model execution facilities impossible 2

3 Semantics of Domain Specific Modeling Languages g Denotational / translational semantics Examples: Abstract State Machines K. Chen, J. Sztipanovits, S. Abdelwalhed, E. Jackson. Semantic anchoring with model transformations. In Proc. of ECMDA FA'05, pages , Maude J. E. Rivera, F. Duran, and A. Vallecillo. On the behavioral semantics of real time domain specific visual languages. In Workshop Proc. of ETAPS'10, pages , Pros: Execution and analysis tools can be reused Cons: Mapping model into target language is complex Results have aeto be mapped back 3

4 Semantics of Domain Specific Modeling Languages g Operational semantics Approaches: Graph transformations G. Engels, J. H. Hausmann, R. Heckel, and S. Sauer. Dynamic meta modeling: A graphical approach to the operational semantics of behavioral diagrams in UML. In Proc. of UML'00, pages , Action language Kermeta, MXF, Smalltalk, Eiffel, xcore, Epsilon Object Language Use fuml as action language 4

5 Foundational UML (fuml) OMG standard V1.0 released 02/2011 Specification of behavioral semantics of foundational UML subset Structural kernel: class, association, data type, etc. Behavioral kernel: behavior, event, signal, etc. Atiiti Activities: activities, iti parameters, nodes, flows Actions: communication, object, structural feature, link actions Operational semantics approach specifying a fuml virtual machine UML activity diagrams can be executed 5

6 Specifying Semantics with fuml Level mismatch for specifying semantics of DSML using fuml activities Current Situation M3 MOF M2 fuml adsml MM «operateson» adsml OS M1 afuml Model MM Meta Model OS Operational Semantics 6

7 Specifying Semantics with fuml Current Situation (1) Push down DSML to M1 / Pull up DSML to M2 M3 MOF MOF M2 fuml adsml MM fuml adsml MM «transformedto» afuml adsml OS adsml MM M1 Model (in fuml AD) (in fuml CD) «operateson» «executes» «ontological instanceof» adsml Model (in fuml OD) «transformedto» adsml Model Pros Approach can be implemented using existing tools MM Meta Model OS Operational Semantics AD Activity Diagram CD Class Diagram Cons OD Object Diagram High effort for transformation needed UML environment has to be used instead of metamodeling environments 7

8 Specifying Semantics with fuml Current Situation (2) Pull up fuml to M3 M3 MOF xmof MOF fuml «pulledup» M2 fuml adsml MM adsml MM fuml adsml OS «operateson» afuml adsml M1 Model Model «executes» Integrated metamodeling language executable MOF (xmof) Abstract syntax: MOF Behavioral semantics: fuml MM Meta Model OS Operational Semantics 8

9 Example: Petri Net syntax metamodel Place places - initialtokens:int conf 1 Net 1 1 input output conf 1 transitions Transition conf 1 PlaceConf - tokens :int + addtoken() :void + removetoken() :void place configs runtime configuration metamodel input output 1 1 NetConf + run() :void TransitionConf + fire() :void + isenabled() :boolean transition configs Provides runtime representation Separation of syntax and semantics 9

10 Example: Petri Net syntax metamodel Place places - initialtokens:int conf 1 Net 1 1 input output conf 1 transitions Transition conf 1 PlaceConf - tokens :int + addtoken() :void + removetoken() :void place configs runtime configuration metamodel input output 1 1 NetConf + run() :void TransitionConf + fire() :void + isenabled() :boolean transition configs p1: PlaceConf tokens = 1 place configs t1: TransitionConf input output transition configs n: NetConf p2: PlaceConf tokens = 0 place configs 10

11 Example: Petri Net ReadSelf Read {t1} {n} NetConf NetConf::run() ReadStructuralFeature Read transition configs object : NetConf TransitionConf[] p1: PlaceConf tokens = 1 place configs t1: TransitionConf input output transition configs n: NetConf p2: PlaceConf tokens = 0 place configs «parallel» transition configs : TransitionConf[] [] Select enabled transition configs [true] true boolean decisioninputflow transition configs : TransitionConf[] {t1} {t1} target : TransitionConf Call isenabled() (TransitionConf::isEnabled) list :TransitionConf[] ValueSpecification Specify 1 1 int index :int Get :ListGet target :TransitionConf {t1} Call fire() (TransitionConf::fire) TransitionConf 11

12 Example: Petri Net t1: TransitionConf input output p1: PlaceConf tokens = 1 place configs transition configs p2: PlaceConf tokens = 0 place configs 0 1 n: NetConf ReadSelf Read object : TransitionConf TransitionConf {t1} TransitionConf::fire() ReadStructuralFeature Read ouput {p2} PlaceConf[] {p1} ReadStructuralFeature object : Read input TransitionConf PlaceConf[] «iterative» {p2} target :PlaceConf output place configs : PlaceConf[] «iterative» {p1} Call addtoken() (PlaceConf::addToken) Call removetoken() target :PlaceConf (PlaceConf::removeToken) input place configs : PlaceConf[] 12

13 Extensibility of Semantics Model everything down to the very last detail may not be feasible May require utilization of libraries which are not available for the fuml virtual machine Examples: Complex mathematical calculations Control of external resources Integration of external libraries with fuml virtual machine No extension of fuml metamodel and virtual machine Transparent usage of external libraries 13

14 Example: Petri Net NetConf::run() t1 t2 t3 ReadSelf Read NetConf ReadStructuralFeature Read transition configs object : NetConf TransitionConf[] «parallel» transition configs : TransitionConf[] [] Select enabled transition configs java.util [true] boolean decisioninputflow transition configs : TransitionConf[] {t1, t2, t3} target : TransitionConf Call isenabled() (TransitionConf::isEnabled) list :TransitionConf[] Random + next(int) + nextint() + nextint(int) ValueSpecification Specify 1 1 int index :int Get :ListGet {t1} target :TransitionConf TransitionConf Call fire() (TransitionConf::fire) 14

15 Extensibility of Semantics 1. Import of external libraries 1. Reverse engineering i of library for extracting ti API classes 2. Import of classes into fuml model specifying the semantics of a DSML 3. Create empty activities foreach operation actingasplace as holder 2. Integration of external libraries at runtime Call of library operation 1. Suspend execution at entry of place holder activity 2. Forward invocation to actual operation of external library 3. Integrate result into runtime model of execution Instantiation / Modification of library instances 1. Maintain mapping between fuml instances and library instances 15

16 Conclusion Integrated metamodeling language executable MOF (xmof) Specification of behavioral semantics using fuml Usage of external libraries executable MOF (xmof) M3 xmof MOF fuml «pulledup» M2 adsml MM fuml adsml OS «operateson» M1 adsml Model «executes» 16

17 Future Work Implementation of xmof Provide means for using fuml as semantics specification language Conduct case study to show feasibility of our approach (Semi )Automatic generation of model execution facilities Analysis of execution: trace model Runtime observation and control: event model, command API Reusability bl of semantics specifications Definition of kernel semantics, e.g. data flow, control flow, signal sending Composition of kernel semantics for semantics specification of DSML Specialization of existing semantics specification for variation point / profile 17

18 Thank you! Debugging and Testing Models Based on fuml dl