Computer Principles and Components 1

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Computer Principles and Components 1"

Transcription

1 Computer Principles and Components 1 Course Map This module provides an overview of the hardware and software environment being used throughout the course. Introduction Computer Principles and Components Software Development Language Rules and Constructs The Java Language Rules and Tools Simple Java Programming Constructs Advanced Java Programming Constructs Objects, Arrays, and Methods Object Orientation Methods Arrays Advanced Object Orientation 1-1

2 Relevance Discussion This module provides a very simple perspective of computer hardware and software. The Java programming language requires you to run your programs inside another program called the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM was designed to be a software version of a computer, so understanding the basic components of any computer and how they interact will help you to understand more of the Java programming language. What systems have you worked on? What types of applications or programs have you used? This chapter is our chance to introduce the environment of the classroom. Remember that many students may not have used a computer for more than the occasional game or company package. The chapter does not contain any OS-specific commands or details. It is the instructor s job to provide the local environment-specific information. There may be a little confusion - why are we learning something as basic as computer hardware, and in very general terms as well. First, all computer scientists benefit from some hardware knowledge. Second (and this is the best selling point) the Java programming language requires a JVM to run, which is a software implementation of a machine. Emphasize this and the students will realize it is directly pertinent to the course. 1-2 Java Programming for Non-Programmers

3 Objectives Upon completion of this module, you should be able to: List the main logical and physical components of a computer system Describe how computers store data Explain the different ways of writing and executing programs Navigate the computer system being used during the course Identify, load, and use the software packages available in this class for software development Computer Principles and Components 1-3

4 The Logical Components of a Computer A computer can be considered to consist of two parts hardware and software. Hardware As the name suggests, describes the physical parts of the computer, including the keyboard, screen, mouse, and so on. Software A general term referring to the programs running on the computer. 1-4 Java Programming for Non-Programmers

5 Hardware Simple Hardware Components Hardware components fall into four categories: Components for data input (mouse, keyboard, trackerball, digitizing tablet, scanner, touch-screen, punched-card reader, and so on) Components for data output (screen, printer, plotter, light-array, robot mechanisms, and so on) Components for permanent data storage (magnetic tape, harddisk, diskette, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical disk, and so on) Components for data processing and manipulation: the inner workings of the computer that perform the actual tasks The first three of these groups should be familiar to most people. The next section discusses the fourth group in more detail. Computer Principles and Components 1-5

6 Hardware The Inner Workings The most important box of your computer is the processor, the one all the others plug into. The other devices are called peripherals. It is the unit which coordinates the flow and processing of information between the other devices. Inside this unit there are many very important computer chips. This section attempts to describe some of them and how they interact. While there are variations between computer manufacturers and the types of machine being used, the following is correct in basic principle. CPU The central processing unit (CPU) is the primary chip in the computer. In simple computer designs the CPU is responsible for all processing tasks, while modern computers also incorporate support chips. The CPU coordinates information between these. 1-6 Java Programming for Non-Programmers

7 Hardware The Inner Workings (Continued) ALU Most of the tasks required of a computer involve arithmetic or logic processing. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is a dedicated chip that improves the overall performance of the computer. Graphics Accelerators Windows operating systems put an enormous strain on the CPU because so much processing is required just to drive the user interface. Graphics support chips improve this situation. RAM Programs need to store data where it can be retrieved quickly. Random access memory (RAM) is used for this. Data does not persist after the computer is powered down. Computer Principles and Components 1-7

8 Software Any sequence of commands that a computer executes from memory or other storage device falls under the title of software. This section lists some of the better-known types of software. Operating System (OS) The operating system is the program which runs on a computer all the time and acts as a user interface. When you type an operating system command such as dir on DOS (or ls in the UNIX environment, and so on) the operating system runs the corresponding program for that command. Windows operating systems work in the same way but use the mouse for user input. Application An application is a stand-alone program that can be run by the operating system. Most operating systems allow you to run applications in different ways, in real time at the command line, or as a batch process (not interacting with the user at all, and usually only when the operating system is not busy doing something else), or as a background task (similar to batch but active rather than inactive). 1-8 Java Programming for Non-Programmers

9 Software Client/Server This refers to two of the previous applications interacting in a specific way. A server is a program that runs in the background and is always active, waiting for clients to connect to it. Clients are real-time programs that users interact with. Web browsers, for example, are clients while the sites you visit with them are accessed via a server. If a server fails then those Web sites are unavailable. Applet A Java technology term for a program that runs inside a Web browser. Applets are embedded in Web pages and run on the same machine as the browser that is viewing the page. Servlet A program (written in any programming language) that is used by a server to provide extra processing outside the scope of the server. CGI (common gateway interface) scripts on Web server programs are servlets. Computer Principles and Components 1-9

10 Binary All software and data are stored and manipulated within the computer in bits. In early computers a bit was represented by a valve that was either on or off. Modern computers use chip-based bits but the effect is the same a bit is either on or off. Because a bit can store one of two values the computer counts in base 2 or binary. Humans use base 10 (decimal). This section briefly explains the primary principles of binary. Humans think in terms of 10s and powers of 10 (100 centimeters to a meter, 1000 grams to a kilogram, and so on). Computers think in terms of 2s and powers of Java Programming for Non-Programmers

11 Notes It would be impossible to adequately cover and explain binary within these notes. Consider running a session here which covers the concepts of binary to a level acceptable to your group. I have yet to meet a class where no one was interested or already knew all of the following: 1 & 2 s complement Taking 3- and 4-byte groups to count in octal and hexadecimal (use UNIX file permissions to explain octal), how a byte can be expressed as two hex digits, and so on. Why graphics packages use the range for RGB values, and how one pixel is expressed as a 32-bit ARGB combination Why 1k is not 1000, but 2 to the power of 10 = 1024 How to switch between upper and lower case English letters by adding 32 (switching one bit) There are many others. This session CAN go on for a couple of hours. Computer Principles and Components 1-11

12 Creating Programs Machine Code Humans communicate with each other in many different languages English people understanding English, French people understanding French, and so on. It would not matter if they were talking or writing to each other, but two people wishing to talk who do not have a common language will require a translator (usually for written text) or interpreter (for verbal communication). Computers have their own languages, as well. While the medium is always binary, each will understand a binary sequence differently. The binary language that a computer understands is called machine code Java Programming for Non-Programmers

13 Creating Programs Other Languages Machine code is completely different from all human languages. For people to use machine code they must learn to think in exactly the same way as the computer and spend hours manually converting their thoughts into the correct binary sequences before typing them into the computer. Over the years of software development people have invented different sorts of languages to help humans program computers. Machine code was called the 1st generation language. The next language to be invented was assembly-code, where small mnemonics could be typed in that performed the same tasks as several combined machine code statements. This was called the 2nd generation language. 3rd generation languages came next. This set includes famous names such as Pascal, FORTRAN, COBOL, FORTH, Basic, and so on. 4th generation languages, which includes Java, are usually interpreted. A run time environment is responsible for running your program in a portable way across different computers. The portable database Structured Query Language (SQL) is a good example of this; the database environment is the interpreter. 5th generation systems do not exist yet. These could involve computers that understand human speech and can interact directly with us. Plans for 6th and 7th generation systems involve gesture- and thought-driven computers. Computer Principles and Components 1-13

14 Creating Programs Other Languages (Continued) Each generation of language is farther removed from the original machine code. Talking machine code means you are directly interacting with the machine, so it is fast but only that sort of machine can understand you. Talking in a 4th generation language, for instance, means you are using an interpreter that is itself a program which was compiled for that machine. Each generation away from machine code increases the portability of your program but also slows it down. C crosses one of the generation boundaries. C has the structures you would expect of a 3rd generation language but the programs run almost as fast as those written in 2nd generation languages Java Programming for Non-Programmers

15 Creating Programs The Java Programming Language If you want to write a program, you must either understand the machine code of your computer or use a higher generation language with a translator (called a compiler in this case). You type your program into a file using a text editor and then convert it into machine code using a compiler. This approach produces fast programs but they can only run on that sort of machine. An alternative approach is to use an interpreter. Some languages read and understand your text file at runtime. This approach is slower than using a compiler but one source code file can be run on any computer which has an interpreter. The Java programming language combines both approaches, using a compiler to convert your source code text files into a special format called bytecode. To run a bytecode file you need a Java programming language interpreter, called the JVM (Java Virtual Machine). Computer Principles and Components 1-15

16 Exercise: Working in Your Environment Exercise objective The objective of this exercise is to become familiar with the environment you are using in this course. Preparation Your instructor will explain the basic OS commands you will need to list the contents of a directory, change directory, make a new directory, and so on. Please assess the level of your group before starting this exercise. It is possible that it will not be required at all. Tasks Experiment with the environment on which you are training this week. Use a command line window to at least: List the contents of the current directory. Create a new directory called MyApps. Change directory to the new directory. Note It is recommended that you create a new directory for each exercise this week. Each exercise concentrates on a particular aspect of the course, which will be reflected in the structure of your file system Java Programming for Non-Programmers

17 Exercise: Working in Your Environment Exercise Summary Discussion Take a few minutes to discuss what experiences, issues, or discoveries you had during the lab exercises. Manage the discussion here based on the time allowed for this module, which was given in the About This Course module. If you find you do not have time to spend on discussion, then just highlight the key concepts students should have learned from the lab exercise. Experiences Ask students what their overall experiences with this exercise have been. You may want to go over any trouble spots or especially confusing areas at this time. Interpretations Ask students to interpret what they observed during any aspects of this exercise. Conclusions Have students articulate any conclusions they reached as a result of this exercise experience. Applications Explore with students how they might apply what they learned in this exercise to situations at their work place. Computer Principles and Components 1-17

18 Check Your Progress Before continuing on to the next module, check that you are able to accomplish or answer the following: List the main logical and physical components of a computer system Describe how computers store data Explain the different ways of writing and executing programs Navigate the computer system being used during the course Identify, load, and use the software packages available in this class for software development 1-18 Java Programming for Non-Programmers

19 Think Beyond How do you begin writing a program from a problem that is presented to you? Are there major steps in a development cycle? Are there different approaches for designing a program? Computer Principles and Components 1-19

20 1-20 Java Programming for Non-Programmers

An Introduc+on to Computers and Java CSC 121 Spring 2017 Howard Rosenthal

An Introduc+on to Computers and Java CSC 121 Spring 2017 Howard Rosenthal An Introduc+on to Computers and Java CSC 121 Spring 2017 Howard Rosenthal Lesson Goals Learn the basic terminology of a computer system Understand the basics of high level languages, including Java Understand

More information

Topics. Hardware and Software. Introduction. Main Memory. The CPU 9/21/2014. Introduction to Computers and Programming

Topics. Hardware and Software. Introduction. Main Memory. The CPU 9/21/2014. Introduction to Computers and Programming Topics C H A P T E R 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming Introduction Hardware and Software How Computers Store Data Using Python Introduction Computers can be programmed Designed to do any job

More information

Computer Basics 1/24/13. Computer Organization. Computer systems consist of hardware and software.

Computer Basics 1/24/13. Computer Organization. Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware and Software Computer Basics TOPICS Computer Organization Data Representation Program Execution Computer Languages Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware includes the tangible

More information

Computer Fundamentals

Computer Fundamentals Computer Fundamentals Computers have made great inroads in our everyday life and thinking. They are put to use for all sorts of application ranging from complex calculations in the field or frontline research,

More information

Simple Java Programming Constructs 4

Simple Java Programming Constructs 4 Simple Java Programming Constructs 4 Course Map In this module you will learn the basic Java programming constructs, the if and while statements. Introduction Computer Principles and Components Software

More information

An Introduction to Computers and Java CSC 121 Spring 2015 Howard Rosenthal

An Introduction to Computers and Java CSC 121 Spring 2015 Howard Rosenthal An Introduction to Computers and Java CSC 121 Spring 2015 Howard Rosenthal Lesson Goals Learn the basic terminology of a computer system Understand the basics of high level languages, including java Understand

More information

0 Introduction: Computer systems and program development

0 Introduction: Computer systems and program development 0 Introduction: Computer systems and program development Outline 1 Introduction 2 What Is a Computer? 3 Computer Organization 4 Evolution of Operating Systems 5 Personal Computing, Distributed Computing

More information

Computer Basics 1/6/16. Computer Organization. Computer systems consist of hardware and software.

Computer Basics 1/6/16. Computer Organization. Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware and Software Computer Basics TOPICS Computer Organization Data Representation Program Execution Computer Languages Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware includes the tangible

More information

BITG 1113: Introduction To Computers And Programming Language LECTURE 1 LECTURE 1 1

BITG 1113: Introduction To Computers And Programming Language LECTURE 1 LECTURE 1 1 BITG 1113: Introduction To Computers And Programming Language LECTURE 1 LECTURE 1 1 Learning Outcomes At the end of this lecture, you should be able to: tell the purpose of computer programs. describe

More information

The Programming Process Summer 2010 Margaret Reid-Miller

The Programming Process Summer 2010 Margaret Reid-Miller The Programming Process 15-110 Margaret Reid-Miller Hardware Components Central Processing Unit (CPU) Program control Arithmetic/logical operations Coordinates data movement between memory and registers

More information

C H A P T E R 1. Introduction to Computers and Programming

C H A P T E R 1. Introduction to Computers and Programming C H A P T E R 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming Topics Introduction Hardware and Software How Computers Store Data How a Program Works Using Python Computer Uses What do students use computers

More information

Machine Architecture and Number Systems CMSC104. Von Neumann Machine. Major Computer Components. Schematic Diagram of a Computer. First Computer?

Machine Architecture and Number Systems CMSC104. Von Neumann Machine. Major Computer Components. Schematic Diagram of a Computer. First Computer? CMSC104 Lecture 2 Remember to report to the lab on Wednesday Topics Machine Architecture and Number Systems Major Computer Components Bits, Bytes, and Words The Decimal Number System The Binary Number

More information

Java and Software Design

Java and Software Design Introduction to Java and Software Design Jindal Consulting Chapter 1 Overview of Programming and Problem Solving Slides by Varun Jindal 1 Chapter 1 Topics Computer Programming Programming Life-Cycle Phases

More information

Week 0: Intro to Computers and Programming. 1.1 Why Program? 1.2 Computer Systems: Hardware and Software. Hardware Components

Week 0: Intro to Computers and Programming. 1.1 Why Program? 1.2 Computer Systems: Hardware and Software. Hardware Components Week 0: Intro to Computers and Programming Gaddis: Sections 1.1-3 and 2.1 CS 1428 Fall 2014 Jill Seaman 1.1 Why Program? Computer programmable machine designed to follow instructions Program instructions

More information

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Programming

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Programming Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Programming 1 Outline 1.1 Introduction 1.2 What Is a Computer? 1.3 Computer Organization 1.4 Evolution of Operating Systems 1.5 Personal Computing, Distributed

More information

! Learn how to think like a computer scientist. ! Learn problem solving. ! Read and write code. ! Understand object oriented programming

! Learn how to think like a computer scientist. ! Learn problem solving. ! Read and write code. ! Understand object oriented programming 1 TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE AND PROGRAMMING Topic 1 Introduction to Computer Science and Programming Notes adapted from Introduction to Computing and Programming with Java: A Multimedia

More information

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Programming

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Programming Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Programming 1.1 Why Program? Why Program? Computer programmable machine designed to follow instructions Program instructions in computer memory to make it do something

More information

HARDWARE. There are a number of factors that effect the speed of the processor. Explain how these factors affect the speed of the computer s CPU.

HARDWARE. There are a number of factors that effect the speed of the processor. Explain how these factors affect the speed of the computer s CPU. HARDWARE hardware ˈhɑːdwɛː noun [ mass noun ] the machines, wiring, and other physical components of a computer or other electronic system. select a software package that suits your requirements and buy

More information

SSRVM Content Creation Template

SSRVM Content Creation Template SSRVM Content Creation Template Title: Evolution of Computers Contributors: Sreeja. T Std: IV Submission Date: Reviewers: Approval Date: REF No: Brief Description: Goal: Brief History which reveals a clear

More information

Machine Architecture and Number Systems

Machine Architecture and Number Systems Machine Architecture and Number Systems Topics Major Computer Components Bits, Bytes, and Words The Decimal Number System The Binary Number System Converting from Binary to Decimal Converting from Decimal

More information

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Java

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Java Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Java Starting Out with Java: From Control Structures through Objects Fifth Edition by Tony Gaddis Chapter Topics Chapter 1 discusses the following main topics:

More information

8/23/2014. Chapter Topics. Introduction. Java History. Why Program? Java Applications and Applets. Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Java

8/23/2014. Chapter Topics. Introduction. Java History. Why Program? Java Applications and Applets. Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Java Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Java Starting Out with Java: From Control Structures through Objects Fifth Edition by Tony Gaddis Chapter Topics Chapter 1 discusses the following main topics:

More information

Chapter 1: Why Program? Main Hardware Component Categories 8/23/2014. Main Hardware Component Categories: Why Program?

Chapter 1: Why Program? Main Hardware Component Categories 8/23/2014. Main Hardware Component Categories: Why Program? Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Programming 1.1 Why Program? Why Program? Computer programmable machine designed to follow instructions Program instructions in computer memory to make it do something

More information

An Overview of the Computer System. Kafui A. Prebbie 24

An Overview of the Computer System. Kafui A. Prebbie 24 An Overview of the Computer System Kafui A. Prebbie -kafui@kafui.com 24 The Parts of a Computer System What is a Computer? Hardware Software Data Users Kafui A. Prebbie -kafui@kafui.com 25 The Parts of

More information

I1100 E Introduction to computer.

I1100 E Introduction to computer. Université Libanaise Faculty of Sciences I 1 st Session I1100 E Introduction to computer. Final 2017/2018 Duration : 2 h Problem 1 Multiple Choices Questions 25 points Question 1. The Operating System

More information

Bits and Bytes. Here is a sort of glossary of computer buzzwords you will encounter in computer use:

Bits and Bytes. Here is a sort of glossary of computer buzzwords you will encounter in computer use: Bits and Bytes Here is a sort of glossary of computer buzzwords you will encounter in computer use: Bit Computer processors can only tell if a wire is on or off. Luckily, they can look at lots of wires

More information

Computer Fundamentals

Computer Fundamentals Computer Fundamentals 1 Draw the block diagram of computer architecture and explain each block. Computer is made up of mainly four components, 1) Central processing unit (CPU) 2) Input section 3) Output

More information

Elements of Computers and Programming Dr. William C. Bulko. What is a Computer?

Elements of Computers and Programming Dr. William C. Bulko. What is a Computer? Elements of Computers and Programming Dr. William C. Bulko What is a Computer? 2017 What is a Computer? A typical computer consists of: a CPU memory a hard disk a monitor and one or more communication

More information

Some popular Operating Systems include Linux Operating System, Windows Operating System, VMS, OS/400, AIX, z/os, etc.

Some popular Operating Systems include Linux Operating System, Windows Operating System, VMS, OS/400, AIX, z/os, etc. An Operating System (OS) is an interface between computer user and computer hardware. An operating system is software which performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process

More information

Fundamentals of Programming Session 1

Fundamentals of Programming Session 1 Fundamentals of Programming Session 1 Instructor: Reza Entezari-Maleki Email: entezari@ce.sharif.edu 1 Fall 2014 Sharif University of Technology Outlines Review of Course Content Grading Policy What Is

More information

Introduction to Computers and Programming Languages. CS 180 Sunil Prabhakar Department of Computer Science Purdue University

Introduction to Computers and Programming Languages. CS 180 Sunil Prabhakar Department of Computer Science Purdue University Introduction to Computers and Programming Languages CS 180 Sunil Prabhakar Department of Computer Science Purdue University 1 Objectives This week we will study: The notion of hardware and software Programming

More information

CMSC 104 -Lecture 2 John Y. Park, adapted by C Grasso

CMSC 104 -Lecture 2 John Y. Park, adapted by C Grasso CMSC 104 -Lecture 2 John Y. Park, adapted by C Grasso 1 Topics Major Computer Components Bits, Bytes, and Words The Decimal Number System The Binary Number System Converting from Binary to Decimal Converting

More information

User. Application program. Interfaces. Operating system. Hardware

User. Application program. Interfaces. Operating system. Hardware Operating Systems Introduction to Operating Systems and Computer Hardware Introduction and Overview The operating system is a set of system software routines that interface between an application program

More information

Introduction to Java Programming

Introduction to Java Programming Introduction to Java Programming Lecture 1 CGS 3416 Spring 2017 1/9/2017 Main Components of a computer CPU - Central Processing Unit: The brain of the computer ISA - Instruction Set Architecture: the specific

More information

Q1. Describe the characteristic features of input and output devices of a computer system. [10]

Q1. Describe the characteristic features of input and output devices of a computer system. [10] Course: 1 st Sem. Of 3-year B.Sc. in H&HA Academic Year: 2017-2018 Q1. Describe the characteristic features of input and output devices of a computer system. [10] What is Topology? Discuss the various

More information

Question Bank. Fundamentals Of Computer FYBCA (SEM - I)

Question Bank. Fundamentals Of Computer FYBCA (SEM - I) Question Bank Fundamentals Of Computer FYBCA (SEM - I) 1) Choose the appropriate option (1 Marks Questions) 1) COBOL is an example of level language. a) low level b) middle level c) high level d) both

More information

SUBJECT COMPUTER APPLICATION PAGE 1

SUBJECT COMPUTER APPLICATION PAGE 1 BACHELOR OF ARTS (B.A.) (THREE YEAR DEGREE COURSE) SUBJECT COMPUTER APPLICATION PAGE 1 B.A.(COMPUTER APPLICATION) COURSE STRUCTURE FIRST YEAR PAPER 101: Computer Fundamentals PAPER 102: Operating System

More information

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java. What is a Computer? A Bit of History

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java. What is a Computer? A Bit of History Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java CS170 Introduction to Computer Science 1 What is a Computer? A machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions Consists of hardware

More information

C++ Programming Language Lecture 1 Introduction

C++ Programming Language Lecture 1 Introduction C++ Programming Language Lecture 1 Introduction By Ghada Al-Mashaqbeh The Hashemite University Computer Engineering Department Introduction In this course you will learn C++ and the legacy C code. It is

More information

9/11/08 (c) 2008 Matthew J. Rutherford Class (c) 2008 Matthew J. Rutherford Class

9/11/08 (c) 2008 Matthew J. Rutherford Class (c) 2008 Matthew J. Rutherford Class 1 2 3 4 5 6 Walter Savitch Frank M. Carrano Introduction to Computers and Java Chapter 1 ISBN 0136130887 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved 7 Hardware and Software

More information

1.The First Instrument known in the history of computers was. a) Pascal s adding machine b) Napier s bones c) Abacus d) Analytical Engine

1.The First Instrument known in the history of computers was. a) Pascal s adding machine b) Napier s bones c) Abacus d) Analytical Engine Quiz Questions 1.The First Instrument known in the history of computers was. a) Pascal s adding machine b) Napier s bones c) Abacus d) Analytical Engine 5/1/2006 Computer Programming TA 103 BE I year 2

More information

Gagan. Site : Youtube : https://youtu.be/4jnnkritpuw

Gagan. Site :    Youtube : https://youtu.be/4jnnkritpuw Gagan Site : www.rozyph.com Email : rozyph2017@gmail.com Youtube : https://youtu.be/4jnnkritpuw Computer Store Data or Information Process Data or Information Retrieve Data or Information Units of Computer

More information

Week 1 Introduction to Computer and Algorithm (Part1) UniMAP Sem II 11/12 DKT121: Basic Computer Programming 1

Week 1 Introduction to Computer and Algorithm (Part1) UniMAP Sem II 11/12 DKT121: Basic Computer Programming 1 Week 1 Introduction to Computer and Algorithm (Part1) UniMAP Sem II 11/12 DKT121: Basic Computer Programming 1 General Information Contributes 3 units: 2 hours lectures 2 hours labs and tutorials Main

More information

Introduction to Computers and Java

Introduction to Computers and Java Introduction to Computers and Java Chapter 1 Chapter 1 1 Objectives overview computer hardware and software introduce program design and object-oriented programming overview the Java programming language

More information

SKILL AREA 304: Review Programming Language Concept. Computer Programming (YPG)

SKILL AREA 304: Review Programming Language Concept. Computer Programming (YPG) SKILL AREA 304: Review Programming Language Concept Computer Programming (YPG) 304.1 Demonstrate an Understanding of Basic of Programming Language 304.1.1 Explain the purpose of computer program 304.1.2

More information

Computer is an electronic machine that can receive, store, transform and output data of all kinds (image, text, numeric, graphics and sound).

Computer is an electronic machine that can receive, store, transform and output data of all kinds (image, text, numeric, graphics and sound). ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS THEN AND NOW Computer is an electronic machine that can receive, store, transform and output data of all kinds (image, text, numeric, graphics and sound). In the Past (i.e., during

More information

Introduction to Computers and Java. Objectives. Outline. Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich.

Introduction to Computers and Java. Objectives. Outline. Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich. Introduction to Computers and Java Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich http://seal.ifi.uzh.ch 2008 W. Savitch, F.M. Carrano, Pearson Prentice Hall Objectives! Overview computer

More information

Introduction to Computers and Java

Introduction to Computers and Java Introduction to Computers and Java Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich http://seal.ifi.uzh.ch 2008 W. Savitch, F.M. Carrano, Pearson Prentice Hall Objectives! Overview computer

More information

Pharmacy college.. Assist.Prof. Dr. Abdullah A. Abdullah

Pharmacy college.. Assist.Prof. Dr. Abdullah A. Abdullah The kinds of memory:- 1. RAM(Random Access Memory):- The main memory in the computer, it s the location where data and programs are stored (temporally). RAM is volatile means that the data is only there

More information

Introduction to Computers, the Internet and the Web Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Introduction to Computers, the Internet and the Web Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 1 Introduction to Computers, the Internet and the Web 2 The chief merit of language is clearness. Galen Our life is frittered away by detail. Simplify, simplify. Henry David Thoreau He had a wonderful

More information

Software Development 2

Software Development 2 Software Development 2 Course Map This module introduces some of the techniques programmers use to create applications and programs. Introduction Computer Principles and Components Software Development

More information

ST. MARY S COLLEGE FORM 4

ST. MARY S COLLEGE FORM 4 Term 1 Week 1 Week 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE 1. The generalpurpose computer system 2. Functions of the major hardware components of a computer system 3. Functions and uses of primary storage

More information

Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures

Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures System Components Operating System Services System Calls System Programs System Structure Virtual Machines System Design and Implementation System Generation 3.1

More information

v.m.g.rajasekaran ramani sri sarada sakthi mat. Hr. sec. school

v.m.g.rajasekaran ramani sri sarada sakthi mat. Hr. sec. school v.m.g.rajasekaran ramani sri sarada sakthi mat. Hr. sec. school STD: XI COMPUTER SCIENCE L.1. Introduction to computers 2 marks 1. What is a computer? Computer: A computer is an electronic machine, capable

More information

Fundamentals of Programming Session 1

Fundamentals of Programming Session 1 Fundamentals of Programming Session 1 Instructor: Reza Entezari-Maleki Email: entezari@ce.sharif.edu 1 Fall 2013 Sharif University of Technology Outlines Review of Course Content Grading Policy What Is

More information

Introduction to Computers and Java

Introduction to Computers and Java Introduction to Computers and Java Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich http://seal.ifi.uzh.ch 2008 W. Savitch, F.M. Carrano, Pearson Prentice Hall Objectives Overview computer

More information

Exercise 2 : Complete each sentence or statement. 1. data consists of numbers that might be used in arithmetic operations.

Exercise 2 : Complete each sentence or statement. 1. data consists of numbers that might be used in arithmetic operations. Exercise 2 : Complete each sentence or statement. 1. data consists of numbers that might be used in arithmetic operations. 2. data is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that will not be used in

More information

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND PROGRAMMING. 1 Muhalim Mohamed Amin Faculty of

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND PROGRAMMING. 1 Muhalim Mohamed Amin Faculty of CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND PROGRAMMING 1 Muhalim Mohamed Amin Faculty of Computing @2015/2016-1 Objectives In this chapter, you will learn: Basic computer concepts. The different types of

More information

Memory Addressing, Binary, and Hexadecimal Review

Memory Addressing, Binary, and Hexadecimal Review C++ By A EXAMPLE Memory Addressing, Binary, and Hexadecimal Review You do not have to understand the concepts in this appendix to become well-versed in C++. You can master C++, however, only if you spend

More information

Chapter 1: An Overview of Computers and Programming Languages. Objectives. Objectives (cont d.) Introduction

Chapter 1: An Overview of Computers and Programming Languages. Objectives. Objectives (cont d.) Introduction Chapter 1: An Overview of Computers and Programming Languages Objectives Objectives (cont d.) In this chapter, you will: Learn about different types of computers Explore hardware and software Learn about

More information

Ch. 1: Computer System part I

Ch. 1: Computer System part I Chapter 1 Computer System Ch. 1: Computer System part I Benjamas Panyangam 2013 Revision by Suphakit Awiphan Ph.D. Adapted for English Section by Kittipitch Kuptavanich And Prakarn Unachak Computer Classification

More information

Lecture 2 Winter 2006 Essentials of Computing

Lecture 2 Winter 2006 Essentials of Computing Information Technology Lecture 2 Winter 2006 Essentials of Computing 1 Objectives Identify the five components of a computer system. Explain the four categories of hardware and their functions. Discuss

More information

Introduction to Computers and Java. Objectives. Outline. Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich.

Introduction to Computers and Java. Objectives. Outline. Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich. Introduction to Computers and Java Harald Gall, Prof. Dr. Institut für Informatik Universität Zürich http://seal.ifi.uzh.ch 2008 W. Savitch, F.M. Carrano, Pearson Prentice Hall Objectives Overview computer

More information

(0) introduction to the course. how to learn a programming language. (0) course structure

(0) introduction to the course. how to learn a programming language. (0) course structure topics: (0) introduction to the course (1) what is a computer? instructor: cis1.5 introduction to computing using c++ (robotics applications) spring 2008 lecture # I.1 introduction Prof Azhar, mqazhar@sci.brooklyn.cuny.edu

More information

Problem Solving through Programming In C Prof. Anupam Basu Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

Problem Solving through Programming In C Prof. Anupam Basu Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Problem Solving through Programming In C Prof. Anupam Basu Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture - 04 Introduction to Programming Language Concepts

More information

Module 1: Introduction

Module 1: Introduction Module 1: Introduction What is an operating system? Simple Batch Systems Multiprogramming Batched Systems Time-Sharing Systems Personal-Computer Systems Parallel Systems Distributed Systems Real-Time Systems

More information

Computer Systems. Communication (networks, radio links) Meatware (people, users don t forget them)

Computer Systems. Communication (networks, radio links) Meatware (people, users don t forget them) Computers are useful machines, but they are generally useless by themselves. Computers are usually part of a system a computer system includes: Hardware (machines) Software (programs, applications) Communication

More information

Programming 1. Lecture 1 COP 3014 Fall August 28, 2017

Programming 1. Lecture 1 COP 3014 Fall August 28, 2017 Programming 1 Lecture 1 COP 3014 Fall 2017 August 28, 2017 Main Components of a computer CPU - Central Processing Unit: The brain of the computer. ISA - Instruction Set Architecture: the specific set of

More information

Computer ANAMIKA ACADEMY. Mo Which function has the ability to move from one web page to another Hyper link

Computer ANAMIKA ACADEMY. Mo Which function has the ability to move from one web page to another Hyper link 1. Which function has the ability to move from one web page to another Hyper link web page? 2. What is the full name of GUI? GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE 3. Which function keys are used to make spell and mild

More information

Terminology & Basic Concepts

Terminology & Basic Concepts Terminology & Basic Concepts Language Processors The basic model of a language processor is the black box translator (or transducer) Has one input stream, one output stream, and a black box (program) that

More information

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming Standard Version of Starting Out with C++, 4th Edition Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming Copyright 2003 Scott/Jones Publishing Contents 1.1 Why Program? 1.2 Computer Systems: Hardware

More information

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - Hardware and software in GIS

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - Hardware and software in GIS PDHonline Course L153 (5 PDH) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - Hardware and software in GIS Instructor: Steve Ramroop, Ph.D. 2012 PDH Online PDH Center 5272 Meadow Estates Drive Fairfax, VA 22030-6658

More information

Chapter 1. Hardware. Introduction to Computers and Programming. Chapter 1.2

Chapter 1. Hardware. Introduction to Computers and Programming. Chapter 1.2 Chapter Introduction to Computers and Programming Hardware Chapter.2 Hardware Categories Input Devices Process Devices Output Devices Store Devices /2/27 Sacramento State - CSc A 3 Storage Devices Primary

More information

8/16/12. Computer Organization. Architecture. Computer Organization. Computer Basics

8/16/12. Computer Organization. Architecture. Computer Organization. Computer Basics Computer Organization Computer Basics TOPICS Computer Organization Data Representation Program Execution Computer Languages 1 2 Architecture Computer Organization n central-processing unit n performs the

More information

UNIQUE IAS ACADEMY- COMPUTER QUIZ 2

UNIQUE IAS ACADEMY- COMPUTER QUIZ 2 1. Your business has contracted with another company to have them host and run an application for your company over the Internet. The company providing this service to your business is called an a) Internet

More information

CS/IT 114 Introduction to Java, Part 1 FALL 2016 CLASS 2: SEP. 8TH INSTRUCTOR: JIAYIN WANG

CS/IT 114 Introduction to Java, Part 1 FALL 2016 CLASS 2: SEP. 8TH INSTRUCTOR: JIAYIN WANG CS/IT 114 Introduction to Java, Part 1 FALL 2016 CLASS 2: SEP. 8TH INSTRUCTOR: JIAYIN WANG 1 Notice Class Website http://www.cs.umb.edu/~jane/cs114/ Reading Assignment Chapter 1: Introduction to Java Programming

More information

Module 1: Introduction. What is an Operating System?

Module 1: Introduction. What is an Operating System? Module 1: Introduction What is an operating system? Simple Batch Systems Multiprogramming Batched Systems Time-Sharing Systems Personal-Computer Systems Parallel Systems Distributed Systems Real-Time Systems

More information

Padasalai s - VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICT COMMON FIRST MID TERM TEST, JULY 2018 STANDARD 11 COMPUTER APPLICATION

Padasalai s - VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICT COMMON FIRST MID TERM TEST, JULY 2018 STANDARD 11 COMPUTER APPLICATION Padasalai s - VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICT COMMON FIRST MID TERM TEST, JULY 2018 I. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER: 1. C. Power on Self Test 2. d. Optical character reader 3. b. 2 4. c. Peta 5. d. a and b 6. b. 111,

More information

Programming Languages and Program Development

Programming Languages and Program Development Programming Languages and Program Development 1 Programming Languages and How They Work Programming o Process used to create software programs Programmers o People who use programming languages to create

More information

EXPERIMENT 1. FAMILIARITY WITH DEBUG, x86 REGISTERS and MACHINE INSTRUCTIONS

EXPERIMENT 1. FAMILIARITY WITH DEBUG, x86 REGISTERS and MACHINE INSTRUCTIONS EXPERIMENT 1 FAMILIARITY WITH DEBUG, x86 REGISTERS and MACHINE INSTRUCTIONS Pre-lab: This lab introduces you to a software tool known as DEBUG. Before the lab session, read the first two sections of chapter

More information

Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures

Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures 1 Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures System Components Operating System Services System Calls System Programs System Structure Virtual Machines System Design and Implementation System Generation 3.1

More information

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES INTBUS9 NOVEMBER 2013 EXAMINATION DATE: 6 NOVEMBER 2013 TIME: 14H00 16H00 TOTAL: 100 MARKS DURATION: 2 HOURS PASS MARK: 40% (DBM-07) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES THIS EXAMINATION PAPER CONSISTS OF

More information

1 Digital tools. 1.1 Introduction

1 Digital tools. 1.1 Introduction 1 Digital tools 1.1 Introduction In the past few years, enormous advances have been made in the cost, power, and ease of use of microcomputers and associated analog and digital circuits. It is now possible,

More information

Chapter 2: Computers: The Machines Behind Computing.

Chapter 2: Computers: The Machines Behind Computing. Chapter 2: Computers: The Machines Behind Computing. TRUEFALSE 1. Computers perform all tasks using a combination of arithmetic and logical operations. 2. Fourth-generation languages (4GLs) are also called

More information

OS and Computer Architecture. Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures. Common System Components. Process Management

OS and Computer Architecture. Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures. Common System Components. Process Management Last class: OS and Architecture OS and Computer Architecture OS Service Protection Interrupts System Calls IO Scheduling Synchronization Virtual Memory Hardware Support Kernel/User Mode Protected Instructions

More information

Unit 2 : Computer and Operating System Structure

Unit 2 : Computer and Operating System Structure Unit 2 : Computer and Operating System Structure Lesson 1 : Interrupts and I/O Structure 1.1. Learning Objectives On completion of this lesson you will know : what interrupt is the causes of occurring

More information

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computers and Java

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computers and Java CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computers and Java Copyright 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken NJ Chapter Topics Chapter 1 discusses the following main topics: Why Program? Computer Systems: Hardware and

More information

SCSP Programming Technique C

SCSP Programming Technique C SCSP1103 - Programming Technique C 9/27/15 Objectives In this chapter, you will learn: CHAPTER 1: Basic computer concepts. The different types of programming languages in general. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

More information

Fundamentals of Programming (Python) Basic Concepts. Ali Taheri Sharif University of Technology Spring 2018

Fundamentals of Programming (Python) Basic Concepts. Ali Taheri Sharif University of Technology Spring 2018 Fundamentals of Programming (Python) Basic Concepts Ali Taheri Sharif University of Technology Outline 1. What is a Computer? 2. Computer System Organization 3. What is a Computer Program? 4. Programming

More information

COMPUTER SYSTEMS. Section 1

COMPUTER SYSTEMS. Section 1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Section 1 BITS AND BYTES In order for information to flow through a computer system and be in a form suitable for processing, all symbols, pictures, or words must be reduced to a string

More information

Chapter Three. Hardware Basics: Peripherals

Chapter Three. Hardware Basics: Peripherals Chapter Three Hardware Basics: Peripherals After reading this chapter, you should be able to: List examples of input devices and explain how they can make it easier to get different types of information

More information

last time in cs recitations. computer commands. today s topics.

last time in cs recitations. computer commands. today s topics. last time in cs1007... recitations. course objectives policies academic integrity resources WEB PAGE: http://www.columbia.edu/ cs1007 NOTE CHANGES IN ASSESSMENT 5 EXTRA CREDIT POINTS ADDED sign up for

More information

Administration Computers Software Algorithms Programming Languages

Administration Computers Software Algorithms Programming Languages Administration Computers Software Algorithms Programming Languages http://www.cs.sfu.ca/cc/130/johnwill/ This course does not use Canvas John Edgar 3 Come to class Read ahead Attend the labs You get practice

More information

History. 3rd Generation- Integrated Circuits, Transistors (Integrated Circuit form) for Memory ( memory is now volatile), Terminal/Keyboard for I/O

History. 3rd Generation- Integrated Circuits, Transistors (Integrated Circuit form) for Memory ( memory is now volatile), Terminal/Keyboard for I/O Early History History Know what the contributions of Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, and Alan Turing were Know Babbages Analytical Machine, which was limited by current technology Know that Ada Lovelace

More information

Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures

Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures System Components Operating System Services System Calls POSIX System Programs System Structure Virtual Machines System Design and Implementation System Generation

More information

Chapter 1: Why Program? Computers and Programming. Why Program?

Chapter 1: Why Program? Computers and Programming. Why Program? Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and Programming 1.1 Why Program? Why Program? Computer programmable machine designed to follow instructions Program instructions in computer memory to make it do something

More information

Angel International School - Manipay 1 st Term Examination November, 2015 ICT

Angel International School - Manipay 1 st Term Examination November, 2015 ICT Grade 07 Angel International School - Manipay 1 st Term Examination November, 2015 ICT I. Underline the correct answer. Duration: 2 Hours Index No:- 1) Components of a computer CPU are (a) ALU, CU (b)

More information

Basic Computer Hardware Notes in PDF

Basic Computer Hardware Notes in PDF Basic Computer Hardware Notes in PDF Computer Awareness is tested in almost every exam. Some exams like SBI PO, SBI Clerk, IBPS PO, IBPS Clerk, SSC CGL, Railways RRB etc. require you to have Basic Computer

More information

1. A folder inside a folder is called. a) Mini Directory b) Sub Directory c) Root Folder d) Child Folder e) None of these

1. A folder inside a folder is called. a) Mini Directory b) Sub Directory c) Root Folder d) Child Folder e) None of these 1. A folder inside a folder is called. a) Mini Directory b) Sub Directory c) Root Folder d) Child Folder 2. A mouse is this kind of device a) Input b) Output c) Network d) Storage 3. All deleted files

More information

Chapter 2. Operating-System Structures

Chapter 2. Operating-System Structures Chapter 2 Operating-System Structures 2.1 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System

More information