Distributed Middleware

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Meagan Ryan
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1 Distributed Middleware Communication + Synchronisation Deadlock, starvation Marshalling 4 classes of solutions Common Interface Webservices Common Interface Description Language Corba (IDL) Common Intermediate Layer Publish/subscribe systems Common Run-Time Systeem Java (J2EE, RMI),.Net (CLR) 1

2 This lecture 1. Web Services 2. The.Net Framework 2

3 Web Services 3

F(x,y,z) returns (u, v, w) Distributed objects for the web. + naming, discovery, security,.

4 Web Services Web SERVER: Given a url + parameters Returns a web page (often dynamic) Web SERVICE: Given a XML document (soap msg) Returns an XML document Tools make this look like an RPC. F(x,y,z) returns (u, v, w) Distributed objects for the web. + naming, discovery, security,.. Internet-scale distributed computing Your program Your program Data In your address space http soap Web page object in xml Web Server Web Service 4

5 What is a Web Service? You can ask a site or device for a description of its Web Services, or use a directory service such as UDDI With WSDL one defines the formats and ordering of messages of a WebService Web Service consumers can send and receive messages using SOAP All these capabilities are built using open Internet protocols A programmable application component accessible via standard Internet protocols UDDI Web Services Description Language SOAP XML, HTTP 5

6 TerraService Give programming interface to the images and data contained on TerraServer Launched June 2000 Web Service created in 3 days MapPoint Web Service Terra-Tile-Service Retrieve meta-data on TerraServer imagery Query TerraServer Gazetteer Retrieve TerraServer Tiles (imagery) Simple Projection conversions Enables users/service providers to control user interface to TerraServer imagery Landmark-Service Geo-coded data of well-known objects (points), e.g. Schools, Golf Courses, Hospitals, etc. Polygons of well-known objects (shapes), e.g. Zip Codes, Citys, etc. Intended to be overlay information for Terra-Tile-Service applications 6

7 SkyServer Give educational access to Sloan Digital Sky Survey Based on the TerraServer design Live example of Web Services in e-science Access to Federated Astronomy Databases (Fermilab/SDSS, JHU/FIRST, Caltech/2MASS ) Great test bed for.net ideas SDSS Cutout Web Service SkyQuery Jim Gray (MSR) & Alex Szalay (JHU) 7

8 .NET Overview 8

9 Agenda What is.net? Inside the.net Framework CLR One Runtime for many languages.net Framework Classes.NET SDK Tools Compact Framework Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure Opportunities Summary How to get started 9

10 What is.net? Multi-language, reliable and secure approach to building distributed systems for the Internet Provides the capability to integrate multiple devices Cross-language environment that is still simple to program and deploy Built around the tools and protocols (XML, WSDL, SOAP, HTTP) that are becoming standard on the Internet 10

11 Inside the.net Framework VB C++ C# Web Services ASP.NET Data and XML Base Framework Common Language Runtime (CLR) Operating System Common Language Runtime J# Python Executes Executes code, code, maintains maintains security, security, handles handles component component plumbing plumbing and and dependencies dependencies User Interface ASP.NET High-productivity High-productivity environment environment for for building building and and running running Web Web services services Secure, integrated class libraries Unifies Unifies programming programming models models across across languages languages Enables Enables cross-language cross-language integration integration Factored Factored for for extensibility extensibility Designed Designed for for tools tools 11

12 The.NET Framework Consists of: Common Language Runtime Runtime engine for managed code Threading, Memory management Fine-grained, evidence-based security Cross-language exception handling, diagnostics, debugging.net Framework Class Libraries set of hierarchically organized class libraries spans all.net programming languages common type system built-in object oriented, extensible 12

13 The.NET Framework Assemblies are the unit of deployment One or more files, independent of packaging Self-describing via manifest Managed code Code that targets the CLR Source written in any.net Language, e.g. C#, Visual Basic.Net, J#, Perl, etc Consists of IL instructions, and metadata IL CPU independent machine language Just in time compiled at runtime Metadata Structured information Describes programming constructs including Classes definitions, field and method definitions, parameter lists, return types, etc. 13

14 Compilation And Execution Compilation Source Code Language Compiler Assembly Native Code Execution JIT Compiler Before installation or the first time each method is called 14

15 One Runtime For Many Languages CLR is an open standard ECMA, ISO, W3 Consortium Any language can make use of CLR services Any language can use classes written in any other language (consumer) Any language can inherit classes written in any other language 15

16 Sample Applications //C# Hello World Program HelloWorld.cs using System; public class HelloWorld { static public void Main() { System.Console.WriteLine( Hello World! ); } } //VB.NET Hello World Program HelloWorld.vb Module HelloWorld Sub Main System.Console.WriteLine( Hello World! ) End Sub End Module 16

17 Sample Applications //Managed C++ Hello World Program HelloWorld.cpp //Reference the.net Runtime Library, for Console Input/Output functionality #using <mscorlib.dll> void main() { System::Console::WriteLine( Hello World! ); } 17

18 Compiling Sample Applications Visual Basic vbc.exe /t:exe HelloWorld.exe Visual C# csc.exe /t:exe HelloWorld.exe Visual C++ cl.exe /CLR HelloWorld.cpp 18

19 CLI Assembly //hello world in C# using System; public class Hello { public static void Main() { Console.WriteLine( Hello from C# ); } } hello world in VB Imports System; Public Module Hello Sub Main() Console.WriteLine( Hello from VB ); End Sub End Module.class public auto ansi beforefieldinit Hello extends [mscorlib]system.object {.method public hidebysig static void Main() cil managed {.entrypoint // Code size 11 (0xb).maxstack 1 IL_0000: ldstr "Hello from C#VB " IL_0005: call void [mscorlib]system.console::writeline(string) IL_000a: ret } // end of method Hello::Main.method public hidebysig specialname rtspecialname instance void.ctor() cil managed { } // end of method Hello::.ctor } // end of class MyApp 19

20 Current List of Languages Ada APL Basic (Visual Basic) C# C C++ COBOL Component Pascal (Queensland Univ of Tech) ECMAScript (JScript) Eiffel (Monash University) Eiffel ( FORTRAN Haskell (Utrecht University) Haskell Java Language lcc (MS Research Redmond) Mondrian (Utrecht) Mondrian ML (MS Research Cambridge) Mercury Oberon (Melbourne U.) (Zurich University) Oz (Univ( of Saarlandes) Perl Python Scheme (Northwestern U.) SmallTalk 20

21 Broad Language Support % % &' (!"#$ "#$!"#$ "#$ )) ))!"#$ "#$ 21 VB.NET C# C++

22 Broad Language Support J#!"#$ "#$ 22

23 Broad Language Support * *!"#$ "#$ JScript Perl )) ))!"#$ "#$!"#$ "#$ 23 Python

24 Broad Language Support Cobol "'+$,' "'-%+,'!,'./0$&-,'"-,'! $"1,-,$2! & &3!%!! & &3!%!!! %&-&%+,'! 4,$5'/6-,$&/""-,'! 78 19:7! :7! 78,;<"-$"."$"'"! 78,;<"-$"."$"'"! 1$,"%0$"%+,'! =">?!,+"-,! -$'/%" %" -"%;2'-, 6! '+,5" '"40'/;2+&0" 6 $"-0$''/! '+,5" "#$ "#$! 24

25 Broad Language Support RPG %. 3,>D -3E3!%!! %. -3E 3,>D '3!%!! 3,>D!"#$ >3A#3!%!! 87# #BB CC#!"#$ 25 Fortran

26 Broad Language Support APL!'G H!'!'G G!-!"#$ Smalltalk FF)BB! FF) F) BB!!"#$ "#$! 26

27 Broad Language Support 6 6EE #6 )-$'/ )?, &'% )!"#$ 27 Scheme Eiffel "#$ *I3!%!!"#$ 3!%!! J 3!%!! 3 6=KLK M6 N"#$ L Mondrian

28 Framework Classes Spans all programming languages Object-oriented and consistent Common type system built-in Extensible Secure 28

29 29 The.NET Framework Namespaces System System.Data System.Xml System.Web Globalization Diagnostics Configuration Collections Resources Reflection Net IO Threading Text ServiceProcess Security Design ADO SQLTypes SQL XPath XSLT Runtime InteropServices Remoting Serialization Serialization Configuration SessionState Caching Security Services Description Discovery Protocols UI HtmlControls WebControls System.Drawing Imaging Drawing2D Text Printing System.WinForms Design ComponentModel

30 .Net Remoting vs Webservices Webservices communication via soap over HTTP only full interoperability performance good.net Remoting binary communication over TCP or HTTP communicaties with.net only performance two times better 30

31 .NET SDK Tools to create, manage and deploy applications included in the SDK Includes all command line compilers C#, VB, C++, IL Run all tools from the command line 31

32 .NET SDK Tools Configuration and Deployment Tools Debugging Tools Security Tools General Tools 32

33 Configuration and Deployment Tools Assembly Cache Viewer (Shfusion.dll) Global Assembly Cache tool (gacutil.exe) Installer tool (installutil.exe).net Framework Configuration Tool (mscorcfg.msc) Type Library Exporter (Tlbexp.exe) Type Library Importer (Tlbimp.exe) Web Services Description Language Tool (Wsdl.exe) Web Services Discovery Tool (Disco.exe) XML Schema Definition Tool (Xsd.exe) 33

34 System Requirements.NET Framework Microsoft Windows 2000 and higher (with with the latest Windows service pack) Processor Intel P3 or higher RAM Min 128 MB Hard Disk 600 MB to install, 370 MB consumed Internet Explorer 5.01 or later for Web applications (ASP.NET) 34

35 SSCLI CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) ECMA/ISO specification of loose coupling and interaction for component based computing SS (Shared Source) Licensing of source code available to academics for teaching, research, experimentation SS + CLI = SSCLI Source code of a CLI implementation from Microsoft available under shared source licensing 35

36 Visual Studio.NET Drag and Drop Web application and services development Fully supports.net Framework Multi-language support Open, extensible development environment Languages focus on compiler not UI Consistent set of tools across languages 36

37 .NET Compact Framework Designed specifically for smart devices Lightweight architecture Compatible subset of desktop platform Visual Studio.NET used for app development Adaptable to different application needs Smart Device Extensions for Visual Studio.NET Broad availability Across multiple CPUs Across Windows CE and third-party RTOSes Across a variety of physical form factors 37

38 An Opportunity? Terrarium ( Freely downloadable Peer to Peer sample application built on.net 2D Game that simulates the ecosystem of a Terrarium Each creature is a compiled class library OO Model where creatures react to events Exposes OOP, Web Server Hosting, Web Services, Security, Networking concepts to students Server Code also available for self hosting or exploring 38

39 Summary.NET Framework enables a new generation of distributed web applications and services Use a unified truly object oriented programming model for desktop as well as mobile devices Standardized data exchange format (XML) Extensible model.net is open Open protocols are the core building block Standardization is important (W3C, ECMA, ISO).NET is about all kinds of computing devices Common framework, consistent paradigm Apps and platform are portable, adaptable Devices grow richer by adding secure code Devices plug natively into Web Services 39

40 How to get started Get the.net Framework SDK Includes command line compilers, doc s, samples, etc FREE download from FREE download for the SSCLI from Choose a Programming Language Pick your favorite programming tool Visual Studio.NET (mail to ronny@cs.kun.nl) Notepad Emacs Check out following sites

Microsoft..NET Framework. Overview

Microsoft..NET Framework. Overview Microsoft.NET Framework Overview .NET Enterprise Vision Users Any device, Any place, Any time XML Web Services Scheduling Authentication Integrate business applications and processes Notification Back