WHITE PAPER. Director Prof. Dr.-Ing. Albert Heuberger Am Wolfsmantel Erlangen

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1 WHITE PAPER MPEG-4 AVC video encoder and decoder Fraunhofer IIS offers quality- and speed-optimized software implementations of MPEG-4 AVC (also known as H.264) encoding and decoding algorithms on various platforms. This document gives an overview about the types of software, platforms and supported features. Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS Director Prof. Dr.-Ing. Albert Heuberger Am Wolfsmantel Erlangen Contact Matthias Rose Phone Contact USA Fraunhofer USA, Inc. Digital Media Technologies* Phone Contact China Toni Fiedler Phone * Fraunhofer USA Digital Media Technologies, a division of Fraunhofer USA, Inc., promotes and supports the products of Fraunhofer IIS in the U. S.

2 Supported platforms The software is designed platform-independent. Default platforms are PCs running several operating systems (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X). MMX, SSE, SSE2 and AVX optimizations are available for x86 platforms. Availability The Fraunhofer IIS MPEG-4 AVC encoders and decoders are available as source code or object code (linkable libraries) for Windows, x86-linux (32 or 64). Detailed C/C++ API documentation and test applications demonstrating the integration of the libraries are included. Free evaluation software can be obtained upon signing an evaluation agreement. MPEG-4 Video Coding The MPEG-4 standard is organized in multiple parts. Two of these parts define video coding schemes. Part-2 (ISO/IEC ) defines MPEG-4 Visual and Part-10 (ISO/IEC ) defines MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC). MPEG-4 AVC was developed jointly with ITU and is also known as ITU-T H.264. Other parts of MPEG-4 define e. g. systems, audio coding or conformance testing. MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) MPEG-4 AVC, also known as MPEG-4 Part-10 (ISO/IEC ) or ITU-T H.264, is the latest MPEG video coding standard finalised in It offers an increased coding efficiency compared to MPEG-4 Part-2 or MPEG-2, but is also more complex in terms of computing power or memory requirements. MPEG-4 AVC PROFILES AND LEVELS MPEG-4 AVC offers a variety of tools for video coding. These tools are combined in sub-sets called profiles. The MPEG-4 AVC standard defines several profiles, the most popular being: Baseline Profile, Main Profile and High Profile. Other profiles support more than 8 bits per sample and additional chroma formats, these profiles are called High10 Profile, High422 Profile and High444 Profile. Furthermore Scalable Video Coding (SVC) and Multiview Video Coding extensions with the profiles Scalable Baseline Profile, Scalable High Profile, Multiview High Profile and Stereo High Profile. The following table gives an overview of the tools included in the Baseline, Main, High, High422 and Stereo High Profiles. 2 / 7

3 Tool Profile Baseline Main High High422 Stereo High I Frame x x x x x P Frame x x x x x B Frame x x x x Multiple Reference Frames x x x x x Deblocking Filter x x x x x CAVLC x x x x x CABAC x x x x 4x4 Transform x x x x x 8x8 Transform x x x Interlace x x x x FMO, ASO x Bit depth up to 10 8 Color sampling 4:2:0 4:2:0 4:2:0 Mono, 4:2:0, 4:2:2 4:2:0 Number of views Levels are defined in addition to profiles. The levels subdivide the profiles in terms of complexity like image resolution, bitrate or buffer requirements. In MPEG-4 AVC levels are defined orthogonal to profiles. The following table shows some of the levels. Additional intermediate levels are defined. For a complete list see ISO/IEC Annex A. 3 / 7

4 Level number max. bit rate max. decoded picture buffer max. decoder rate max. framesize and framerate (typical) 1 64 kbit/s kbyte fps kbit/s kbyte fps kbit/s kbyte fps kbit/s kbyte fps kbit/s kbyte fps The maximum decoder rate limits the number of macroblocks (one macroblock is 16x16 pixel) per second. This number limits the combination of framesize and framerate (in frames per second, fps): The framerate can be increased at the cost of a smaller framesize and vice versa. The column maximum framesize and framerate gives a typical image resolution and the maximum allowed framerate for it (QCIF=176x144 pixel, CIF=352x288 pixel). FRAUNHOFER IIS MPEG-4 AVC ENCODER AND DECODER SOLUTIONS Fraunhofer IIS offers speed optimized AVC encoders and decoders. The full set of coding tools for Baseline, Main and High Profile is supported. Encoder and decoder versions supporting only Baseline Profile are available. These versions provide slightly higher performance and reduced memory requirements. Furthermore encoder and decoder versions that support High10, High422 and a subset of High444 (12 bit but no 4:4:4 sampling) Profiles and versions that support Multiview High and Stereo High Profiles are available. The Fraunhofer IIS MPEG-4 AVC encoder is highly configurable to suit the requirements of different applications. This includes amongst other things: Multiple rate control strategies for e.g. low latency operation, different trade offs between speed and quality and fine control over all aspects of AVC high level syntax. The Fraunhofer IIS MPEG-4 AVC encoder is highly robust against transmission errors and features error concealment and bit stream analysis functions. The AVC encoders and decoders are available for 32 bit and 64 bit x86 processors running Windows, MacOS X or Linux operating systems. The AVC encoder and decoder can operate in a multithreaded mode to utilize multiple CPU cores. 4 / 7

5 FRAUNHOFER IIS MPEG-4 AVC ENCODER PERFORMANCE ON x86 The following table shows the encoding performance for different frame sizes, bit rates and profiles. The speed is given in frames per second (fps) for a file-to-file encoding. Encoding in realtime is equivalent to 25 (resp. 50) fps and e.g. 100 fps is 4 (resp. 2) times faster than realtime. The Fraunhofer IIS MPEG-4 AVC video encoder can operate at different speedquality tradeoffs. The performance numbers are given for a compromise speed-quality setting Core i GHz 1, four threads Core i7-2600k 3.4 GHz 2, eight threads Core i7 X980, 3.33 GHz 1, twelve threads CIF, baseline, 500 kbit/s 144 fps 145 fps 219 fps / 447 fps 3 PAL, high, 2 Mbit/s 30 fps 75 fps 66 fps / 107 fps 3 720p50, high, 8 Mbit/s 20 fps 38 fps 51 fps / 60 fps 3 FRAUNHOFER IIS MPEG-4 AVC DECODER PERFORMANCE ON x86 The following table shows the encoding performance for different frame sizes, bit rates and profiles. The speed is given in frames per second (fps) for a file-to-file encoding. Encoding in realtime is equivalent to 25 (resp. 50) fps and e.g. 100 fps is 4 (resp. 2) times faster than realtime. The computational complexity of MPEG-4 AVC decoding scales linearly with the frame size, i.e. 100 fps CIF roughly equal 25 fps PAL (720x576). Core i GHz 1, four threads Core i7-2600k 3.4 GHz 2, eight threads Core i7 X980, 3.33 GHz 1, twelve threads CIF, baseline, 500 kbit/s 750 fps 450 fps 880 fps PAL, high, 2 Mbit/s 166 fps 144 fps 200 fps 720p50, high, 8 Mbit/s 100 fps 200 fps 225 fps 1 64 bit software, includes SSE2 optimizations bit software, includes SSE2 and AVX optimizations. 3 Special frame parallel encoding mode, not suitable for low latency operation. 5 / 7

6 MPEG-4 FILEFORMAT AND STREAMING We also offer libraries for ISO Media/MPEG-4 Fileformat and solutions for ISMA v1.0 and 3GPP compliant streaming of MPEG-4 AV content. Please contact for more information. LICENSING Software licensing of Fraunhofer MPEG-4 Video software is handled by Fraunhofer IIS. Please contact for more information. MPEG-4 Video and Systems patent licensing is handled by MPEG LA. Please visit for more information. MPEG -4 AVC patent licensing is handled by MPEG LA. Please visit for more information. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ISO/IEC , MPEG-4 Visual ISO/IEC , MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding 6 / 7

7 INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS OWNED AND COPYRIGHTED BY THE FRAUNHOFER- GESELLSCHAFT AND MAY BE CHANGED AND/OR UPDATED AT ANY TIME WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE. PERMISSION IS HEREBY NOT GRANTED FOR RESALE OR COMMERCIAL USE OF THIS SERVICE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, NOR BY ITSELF OR INCORPORATED IN ANOTHER PRODUCT. Copyright June 2014 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft ABOUT FRAUNHOFER IIS When it comes to advanced audio technologies for the rapidly evolving media world, Fraunhofer IIS stands alone. For more than 25 years, digital audio technology has been the principle focus of the Audio and Multimedia division of Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits (IIS). From the creation of mp3 and the co-development of AAC to the future of audio entertainment for broadcast, Fraunhofer IIS brings innovations in sound to reality. Today, technologies such as Fraunhofer Cingo for virtual surround sound, Fraunhofer Symphoria for automotive 3D audio, AAC-ELD for telephone calls with CD-like audio quality, and Dialogue Enhancement that allows television viewers to adjust dialogue volume to suit their personal preferences are among the division s most compelling new developments. Fraunhofer IIS technologies enable more than 7 billion devices worldwide. The audio codec software and application-specific customizations are licensed to more than 1,000 companies. The division s mp3 and AAC audio codecs are now ubiquitous in mobile multimedia systems. Fraunhofer IIS is based in Erlangen, Germany and is an institute of Fraunhofer- Gesellschaft. With 23,000 employees worldwide, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is comprised of 67 institutes making it Europe s largest research organization. V2.4/ / tma For more information, contact Matthias Rose, matthias.rose@iis.fraunhofer.de, or visit. 7 / 7

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