VERISIGN DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE TRENDS REPORT

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1 VERISIGN DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE TRENDS REPORT VOLUME 5, ISSUE 1 1ST QUARTER 2018 Complimentary report supplied by

2 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 VERISIGN-OBSERVED DDoS ATTACK TRENDS: Q DDoS Attacks Increase in Size and Number 4 Multi-Vector DDoS Attacks Remain Constant 6 Types of DDoS Attacks 7 Largest Volumetric Attack and Highest Intensity Flood Attack 8 Mitigations on Behalf of Verisign Customers by Industry for Q FEATURE ARTICLE 9 Selecting the Right DDoS Mitigation Strategy for Your Organization VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report contains the observations and insights derived from distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack mitigations enacted on behalf of, and in cooperation with, customers of Verisign DDoS Protection Services during Q This report offers a unique view into the attack trends unfolding online, including attack statistics and behavioral trends for Q * Verisign observed the following key trends in Q1 2018: 58% of attacks employed multiple attack types Number of Attacks Largest Attack Peak Size Average of Attack Peak Sizes Most Common Attack Type Mitigated 53% increase compared to Q Volume 70 Gbps Speed 7.4 Mpps 11.2 Gbps 47% increase compared to Q % of attacks over 5 Gbps 50% of attacks were User Datagram Protocol (UDP) floods 32% of attacks employed four or more attack types VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

4 VERISIGN-OBSERVED DDoS ATTACK TRENDS: Q DDoS Attacks Increase in Size and Number Verisign observed that 74 percent of DDoS attacks were over 1 Gbps (Figure 1). When comparing Q to Q4 2017, Verisign saw a 53 percent increase in the number of attacks and a 47 percent increase in the average of attack peak sizes (Figure 2). Year-over-year the average of attack peak sizes decreased 21 percent. Verisign additionally observed that 67 percent of its customers who experienced DDoS attacks in Q were targeted multiple times during the quarter. Overall, DDoS attacks remain unpredictable and vary widely in terms of speed and complexity. Attack Size 74% peaked over 1 Gbps >10 Gbps >5<10 Gbps >1<5 Gbps <1 Gbps Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Percent of Attacks Figure 1: Mitigation Peaks by Quarter from Q to Q VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

5 Average of Attack Peak Sizes 11.2 Gbps 47% increase in average of attack peak sizes compared to Q Gbps Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Figure 2: Average of Attack Peak Sizes by Quarter from Q to Q VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

6 Multi-Vector DDoS Attacks Remain Constant Fifty-eight percent of DDoS attacks mitigated by Verisign in Q employed multiple attack types (Figure 3). Verisign observed attacks targeting networks at multiple layers and attack types that changed over the course of a DDoS event. Multi-vector DDoS attacks require continuous monitoring to detect shifts in vectors as well as expert mitigation management to adapt countermeasures in response to the shifts. 58% of DDoS attacks in Q utilized at least two different attack types. 32% 10% 16% 42% 1 Attack Type 2 Attack Types 3 Attack Types >4 Attack Types Figure 3: Number of Attack Types per DDoS Event in Q VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

7 Types of DDoS Attacks UDP flood attacks were the most common attack vector in Q1 2018, accounting for 50 percent of total attacks in the quarter (Figure 4). The most common UDP floods included Domain Name System (DNS), Network Time Protocol (NTP), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Memcached reflective amplification attacks. In Q1 2018, Verisign observed the emergence of the memcached reflection and amplification attacks. Unsecured memcached servers left exposed on the internet are exploited when an attacker sends UDP-based packets spoofed with the victim s IP address to the unsecured memcache server. The memcache server response can be 51,000 times the size of the request, allowing for massive amplification in this volumetric DDoS threat. 1 50% of DDoS attacks were UDP FLOODS 6% 12% 6% 26% IP Fragment Attacks TCP Based UDP Based Layer 7 Other 50% Figure 4: Types of DDoS Attacks in Q VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

8 Largest Volumetric Attack and Highest Intensity Flood Attack The largest volumetric and highest intensity DDoS attack observed by Verisign in Q was a multi-vector attack that peaked at approximately 70 Gbps and 7.4 Mpps. This attack initially sent a flood of traffic for about thirty minutes that peaked at 10 Gbps. The attack returned thirty minutes later and sent another wave of traffic peaking at 70 Gbps and 7.4 Mpps. The attack consisted of a wide range of attack vectors including TCP SYN and TCP RST floods, DNS and SNMP Amplification attacks, ICMP floods and invalid packets. Mitigations on Behalf of Verisign Customers by Industry for Q Financial 57% of mitigations Average attack size: 8.2 Gbps IT Services/ Cloud/SaaS 26% of mitigations Average attack size: 17.4 Gbps Telecom 17% of mitigations Average attack size: 11.8 Gbps 2 The attacks reported by industry in this report are solely a reflection of the Verisign DDoS Protection Service customer base. VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

9 FEATURE ARTICLE SELECTING THE RIGHT DDOS MITIGATION STRATEGY FOR YOUR ORGANIZATION As DDoS attacks remain a viable and unpredictable threat, how does your company determine the best mitigation strategy (or strategies) for protecting your online assets? What are your downtime tolerances? For example, you may require an always-on mitigation service to secure critical assets so your organization experiences minimal (if any) interruption in even the first minutes of an attack. However, you may have less stringent requirements for interruptions related to systems that are less vital to your business operations. Whatever your organization s downtime tolerance, staff readiness, and technical expertise, selecting a DDoS solution that accommodates a variety of mitigation strategies is paramount to getting the protection and value you deserve. Your organization may need DDoS mitigation options that go beyond conventional offerings, such as always-on and on-demand. For example, you may proactively work with your vendor to predetermine response procedures based on alert thresholds (vendor-initiated mitigation), reducing time-to-mitigation during attack scenarios. Customer-activated mitigation enables customers to use automated processes to begin mitigation, bypassing vendor contact when timing is critical and monitoring tools are in place. When assessing different mitigation options, there are several criteria to consider: risk to assets, time to mitigate, staff involvement, internal staff expertise, vendor support, and more. Do you need control over when and how you start mitigation? Are your internal resources equipped to deal with DDoS attacks? What is your DDoS support team s level of experience, and what kind of Service Level Agreement (SLA) do they provide? These questions must be considered when selecting the optimal DDoS mitigation solution to protect your business-critical systems. TO LEARN MORE ABOUT VERISIGN DDoS PROTECTION SERVICES, VISIT Verisign.com/DDoS. VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

10 About Verisign Verisign, a global leader in domain names and internet security, enables internet navigation for many of the world s most recognized domain names and provides protection for websites and enterprises around the world. Verisign ensures the security, stability and resiliency of key internet infrastructure and services, including the.com and.net top-level domains and two of the internet s root servers, as well as performs the root zone maintainer function for the core of the internet s Domain Name System (DNS). Verisign s Security Services include Distributed Denial of Service Protection and Managed DNS. Definitions Q1 First quarter of the year - January 1 to March 31 Q2 Second quarter of the year - April 1 to June 30 Q3 Third quarter of the year - July 1 to September 30 Q4 Fourth quarter of the year - October 1 to December 31 Q First quarter of 2018 from January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2018 Q Fourth quarter of 2018 from October 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 Gbps Gigabits per second Mpps Million packets per second *The information in this Verisign Distributed Denial of Service Trends Report (this Report ) is believed by Verisign to be accurate at the time of publishing based on currently available information. All information in this Report is solely a reflection of the observations and insights derived from the DDoS attack mitigations enacted on behalf of, and in cooperation with, the customers of Verisign DDoS Protection Services. Verisign provides this Report for your use in AS IS condition and at your own risk. Verisign does not make any and disclaims all representations and warranties of any kind with regard to this Report, including, but not limited to, any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. VERISIGN DDoS TRENDS REPORT Q

11 Verisign.com 2018 VeriSign, Inc. All rights reserved. VERISIGN and other trademarks, service marks, and designs are registered or unregistered trademarks of VeriSign, Inc. and its subsidiaries in the United States and in foreign countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. Verisign Public VRSN_DDoS_TR_Q1-18_A10-Network_201806

VERISIGN DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE TRENDS REPORT

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