AT&T Developer Program

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1 AT&T Developer Program Application Resource Optimizer (ARO) User Guide Publication Date: April 27, 2015

2 Legal Disclaimer This document and the information contained herein (collectively, the "Information") is provided to you (both the individual receiving this document and any legal entity on behalf of which such individual is acting) ("You" and "Your") by AT&T, on behalf of itself and its affiliates ("AT&T") for informational purposes only. AT&T is providing the Information to You because AT&T believes the Information may be useful to You. The Information is provided to You solely on the basis that You will be responsible for making Your own assessments of the Information and are advised to verify all representations, statements and information before using or relying upon any of the Information. Although AT&T has exercised reasonable care in providing the Information to You, AT&T does not warrant the accuracy of the Information and is not responsible for any damages arising from Your use of or reliance upon the Information. You further understand and agree that AT&T in no way represents, and You in no way rely on a belief, that AT&T is providing the Information in accordance with any standard or service (routine, customary or otherwise) related to the consulting, services, hardware or software industries. AT&T DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE INFORMATION IS ERROR-FREE. AT&T IS PROVIDING THE INFORMATION TO YOU "AS IS" AND "WITH ALL FAULTS." AT&T DOES NOT WARRANT, BY VIRTUE OF THIS DOCUMENT, OR BY ANY COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OF TRADE OR ANY COLLATERAL DOCUMENT HEREUNDER OR OTHERWISE, AND HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS, ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF DESIGN, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, OR ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY THAT THE INFORMATION IS APPLICABLE TO OR INTEROPERABLE WITH ANY SYSTEM, DATA, HARDWARE OR SOFTWARE OF ANY KIND. AT&T DISCLAIMS AND IN NO EVENT SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSSES OR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR EXEMPLARY, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, LOSS OF GOODWILL, COVER, TORTIOUS CONDUCT OR OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS, ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THE PROVISION, NON-PROVISION, USE OR NON-USE OF THE INFORMATION, EVEN IF AT&T HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES OR DAMAGES. i

3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction Overview Using the AT&T ARO Data Collector Collecting Data Using Android Emulator Prerequisites Launching the Android Emulator Launching AT&T ARO Data Collector Running a Trace on Android Emulator Pulling the Trace Collecting Data Using the ARO Data Collector APK Prerequisites for using the ARO Data Collector APK Installing the ARO Data Collector APK using ADB Collecting a Trace Using the ARO Data Collector Pulling a Trace to a Computer Collecting Data Using ARO Windows 8 Collector Prerequisites Collect a Trace Using ARO Windows 8 Collector Opening the Trace Collecting Data on an ios Device Prerequisites Collecting a Trace Opening the Trace Collecting Data on a non-rooted Android Device VPN Implementation Virtual WiFi Implementation Other Data Collection Methods ii

4 Table of Contents Using the ARO Data Collector as a Standalone Application with non-android devices Collecting a PCAP Packet Trace AT&T ARO Data Collector Integration with IBM Rational Quality Manager Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer System Requirements Installing AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Opening a Trace File AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference Command Menus File Menu Profile Menu Tools Menu View Menu Data Collector Menu Defect Tracking Menu Help Menu Content Tabs Best Practices/Results Tab Overview Tab Diagnostics Tab Statistics Tab Waterfall Tab APPENDIX AT&T ARO Known Issues AT&T ARO Data Collector Error Messages AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Error Messages iii

5 Table of Contents 6.4 Glossary iv

6 Table of Tables Table 5-1: AT&T ARO menu bar menus Table 5-2: File menu selections Table 5-3: Profile menu selections Table 5-4: Network attributes for the AT&T 3G profile Table 5-5: Device attributes for the AT&T 3G profile Table 5-6: Network attributes for the AT&T LTE profile Table 5-7: Device attributes for the AT&T LTE profile Table 5-8: Network attributes for the AT&T WiFi profile Table 5-9: Device attributes for the AT&T WiFi profile Table 5-10: Tools menu selections Table 5-11: Time Range analysis results for a 3G profile Table 5-12: Time Range analysis results for an LTE profile Table 5-13: Time Range analysis results for a WiFi profile Table 5-14: View menu selections Table 5-15: Data Collector menu selections Table 5-15: Defect Tracking menu selections Table 5-15: IBM Rational Team Concert menu selections Table 5-15: HP ALM menu selections Table 5-15: HP ALM Export Defects screen Table 5-15: HP ALM Export Defects confirmation dialog Table 5-16: Help menu selections Table 5-17: AT&T ARO user interface tabs Table 5-18: Best Practices/Results tab common information Table 5-19: Test statistics information Table 5-20: Trace score information Table 5-21: Test result icons Table 5-22: Best Practices tests Table 5-23: Connection Statistics chart fields Table 5-24: Duplicate Content table columns Table 5-25: Accessed Domains table Table 5-26: The Domain TCP Sessions table Table 5-27: GPS states Table 5-28: Bluetooth states Table 5-29: Camera states Table 5-30: Screen states v

7 Table of Tables Table 5-31: WiFi states Table 5-32: Burst categories Table 5-33: Radio Resource Control (RRC) states Table 5-34: CP Flows table columns Table 5-35: Request/Response View for a request Table 5-36: Request/Response View for a response Table 5-37: Request/Response View buttons Table 5-38: Packet view columns Table 5-39: Header section for Statistics tab Table 5-40: Statistics tab fields Table 5-41: Endpoint Summary Per Application table columns Table 5-42: Endpoint Summary Per IP Address table columns Table 5-43: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation fields Table 5-44: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation fields Table 5-45: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for WiFi device profile fields Table 5-46: Statistics contained in the Burst Analysis table Table 5-47: Individual Burst Analysis table statistics Table 5-48: HTTP Cache Statistics section columns: Table 5-49: Cacheable vs. Non-Cacheable section rows Table 5-50: Acceptable behavior Table 5-51: Duplicate file download Table 5-52: Duplicate file download streaming Table 5-53: Duplicate File Analysis section Table 5-54: Energy Efficiency Simulation section fields Table 6-1: AT&T ARO Data Collector error messages Table 6-2: AT&T ARO Data Analyzer error messages vi

8 Table of Figures Figure 3-1: Optimizing the speed of the Android Emulator Figure 3-2: Select Start Collector to collect data Figure 3-3: Entering trace folder name Figure 3-4: Recording in Process indicator Figure 3-5: Data Collector engaged Figure 3-6: Saving the trace confirmation Figure 3-7: Command window for issue commands to the connected device Figure 3-8: Successful adb install command Figure 3-9: Program list for launching the AT&T ARO Data Collector Figure 3-10: Legal Terms screen for AT&T ARO Figure 3-11: AT&T ARO main screen Figure 3-12: Create Folder dialog box Figure 3-13: The ARO Data Collector Home screen Figure 3-14: The Android slider message bar Figure 3-15: The Android slider message bar Figure 3-16: Enter the name of the trace directory Figure 3-17: Collecting data Figure 3-18: Data collecting is stopped Figure 3-19: The Connect your device dialog Figure 3-20: Setting Internet Connection Sharing Figure 3-21: Screen of a connected device displayed in the Live Video Screen Capture window Figure 3-22: Wireshark Capture Filter Figure 3-23 AT&T ARO Diagnostics Chart and ARO Video Viewer Figure 4-1: Opening a trace for analysis Figure 5-1 Set ADB Path Dialog box Figure 5-2: Select Profile dialog box Figure 5-3: Lookout Security dialog box Figure 5-4: Select Applications/IPs dialog box Figure 5-5: Color column Figure 5-6: Select Time Range dialog box Figure 5-7: Select Processes to View dialog box Figure 5-8: View Options dialog box Figure 5-9: Progress dialog showing test results being exported to IBM Rational Team Concert Figure 5-10: Confirmation dialog showing the number of defects created in IBM Rational Team Concert vii

9 Table of Figures Figure 5-11: Configuration section of the IBM Rational Team Concert Settings dialog Figure 5-12: HP ALM Server Configuration dialog Figure 5-13: HP ALM Server Configuration dialog with domain and project fields Figure 5-14: Confirmation Dialog for HP ALM Server Configuration Figure 5-15: Best Practices/Results tab Figure 5-16: File Types chart Figure 5-17: Trace Benchmarking chart Figure 5-18: Connection Statistics chart Figure 5-19: Diagnostics chart Figure 5-20: View Options dialog box Figure 5-21: CPU Usage chart Figure 5-22: TCP/UDP Flows table Figure 5-23: Request/Response View tab Figure 5-24: Request/Response View for a response Figure 5-25: Example of displaying an image Figure 5-26: Example of displaying text, HTML, or JSON Figure 5-27: Saving an object to a file Figure 5-28: Packet view Figure 5-29: Content view Figure 5-30: Export button on Statistics tab Figure 5-31: TCP(Session) Statistics section Figure 5-32: Trace Score section Figure 5-33: Endpoint Summary Per Application table Figure 5-34: Endpoint Summary Per IP Address table Figure 5-35: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for 3G device profile Figure 5-36: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for LTE device profile Figure 5-37: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for WiFi device profile Figure 5-38: Burst Analysis table for 3G device profile Figure 5-39: Burst Analysis table for LTE device profile Figure 5-40: Burst Analysis table for WiFi device profile Figure 5-41: Individual Burst Analysis table Figure 5-42: HTTP Cache Statistics section Figure 5-43: Energy Efficiency Simulation section for 3G device profile Figure 5-44: Energy Efficiency Simulation section for LTE device profile Figure 5-45: Energy Efficiency Simulation section for WiFi device profile viii

10 Table of Figures Figure 5-46: Waterfall view chart Figure 5-47: Request/Response Detail dialog box ix

11 1 Introduction 2 Overview The AT&T ARO User Guide describes in detail the methods for collecting an application trace using the AT&T ARO Data Collector. It describes how to install, launch, and open a trace in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and it contains a full reference of the tabs, menus, options, charts, graphs, and statistics in AT&T ARO. This guide is intended for app developers who are interested in testing the performance of their apps. The AT&T Application Resource Optimizer (ARO) is a diagnostic tool for analyzing mobile web application performance. AT&T ARO automatically profiles your application, and provides recommendations that allow you to optimize performance, make battery usage more efficient, and reduce network impact. ARO was initially developed by the AT&T Labs. They were studying the network efficiency of mobile applications, and they discovered that simple application design approaches could greatly influence the efficiency of the applications. They built ARO as a tool by which they could diagnose inefficiencies and provide advice on how to optimize mobile applications. AT&T ARO is comprised of two parts, the AT&T ARO Data Collector and the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. When using AT&T ARO, the traces run against your application by the AT&T ARO Data Collector are benchmarked against recommended best practices in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. The Data Analyzer looks at how your application (and your server) is handling caching, and how you are managing the network connections for your application. By optimizing against these best practices, your application will run faster, use the network less (saving valuable battery life for your users), and improve the experience of customers using your application. Page 1 of 168

12 3 Using the AT&T ARO Data Collector The AT&T ARO Data Collector captures the data traffic of mobile devices. As data streams across the network during a given period, the Data Collector captures each TCP packet and matches the packet information with recorded video of what the user is seeing on the device. The Data Collector also captures the activity of the RRC state machine and all peripheral applications. All of this information is stored in trace files that are used by the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer to create a comprehensive analysis of a mobile application. The following methods can be used to capture trace files for analysis using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer: Android Emulator: AT&T ARO interfaces directly with the Android Emulator. By opening the Data Collector menu in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, you can connect to the Android Emulator and test an Android application in an emulated environment on your computer. ARO Data Collector APK: The AT&T ARO Data Collector APK or the ARO Open Source APK can be installed directly on a test device for which you have root access. ARO Windows 8 Data Collector: The ARO Windows 8 Data Collector can be downloaded from the Microsoft Visual Studio Gallery to collect traces from your application on a 32-bit Windows 8 notebook, desktop or x86 based tablet, or on a 64-bit desktop or notebook. ARO Non-Rooted Data Collector - VPN Implementation: By connecting a Samsung Galaxy S5, Google Nexus 5, or Google Nexus 6 to a computer running AT&T ARO, and selecting the Start Collector option, an ARO VPN is installed on the device which allows for the capture of HTTP and UDP packet data requests before they are sent, and responses when they are received. In addition to TCP and UDP packet data, the ARO VPN captures a video of the trace, and device state information, such as battery, WiFi, and GPS usage. ARO Non-Rooted Data Collector - Virtual WiFi Implementation: By connecting an Android device via USB to a computer with ARO installed, and by ensuring that both are connected to the same virtual WiFi network, you can capture packet data and a video of the trace from the device to the computer and analyze the trace using the ARO Data Analyzer. PCAP Packet traces: PCAP packet trace files contain basic - network only data that can be captured using several different tools. Once captured, PCAP files can be opened directly in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. These methods of data collection can be used to test applications on the various device platforms as follows: Page 2 of 168

13 To use the AT&T ARO Data Collector to test applications on the Android platform: Install the AT&T ARO Data Collector APK or the ARO Open Source APK on a test device and capture data directly. Use the AT&T ARO Data Collector to access the Android Emulator and test in an emulated environment. Use the AT&T ARO Data Collector VPN Implementation to capture packet data and video without requiring root access to the test device. Use the Virtual WiFi Implementation to capture packet data and a video of the trace. To use the AT&T ARO Data Collector to test applications on the Windows 8 platform: Download and use the ARO Windows 8 Collector. To use the AT&T ARO Data Collector to test applications on other platforms: Use an Android test device with the AT&T ARO Data Collector APK installed, as a wireless access point to collect a trace from a non-android device. Collect a PCAP Packet trace. To use the AT&T ARO integration with the IBM Rational Quality Manager allows you to test an application on an Android Device or on the Android Emulator by automatically activating the ARO Analyzer from Rational Quality Manager and instructing the ARO Data Collector to start and stop on the device or emulator. To take advantage of AT&T ARO integration with IBM Rational Quality Manager, do the following: o o o o Install AT&T ARO from and ensure that you meet the system requirements and prerequisites. Install the AT&T ARO IBM Rational Quality Manager Adapter which is provided as an option during the AT&T ARO installation process. Please note that the AT&T ARO IBM Rational Quality Manager Adapter for Windows is only available for 32-bit systems. Install the IBM Rational Quality Manager Server 4.x from See the AT&T ARO User Guide for instructions. The following sections describe how to use each of these methods to collect traces and to pull those traces to your computer for analysis using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. Page 3 of 168

14 3.1 Collecting Data Using Android Emulator Prerequisites The Android Emulator allows you to test your Android application in an emulated environment on your computer. The AT&T ARO Data Analyzer can interface directly with the Emulator and collect traces from it, just like it does on a device. The advantage is that you can test anytime (no waiting for a device), but the disadvantage is that you are not really running on a wireless network. You also lose some functions like the camera, Bluetooth, and changeable GPS. To install and configure the Android Emulator for use with the AT&T ARO Data Collector, do the following: Download the latest version of the Android SDK package based on your operating system type from Add the latest Android Platform to your Android SDK. AT&T recommends version 2.2 or above. Install the Android Platform by following the steps on the Android website at Note: The steps used on the Android website describe how to set up an Emulator using Eclipse ( and the ADT plug-in for Eclipse. Make the following settings to optimize the speed of the Emulator: o o Enable a 1 GB (1024 MB) Secure Digital (SD) card. Please note that this will take away a section of your PC hard drive for use as the Emulator s SD card. Maximize the amount of RAM that the Emulator is allowed to use. You will notice an improvement in the speed of the Emulator when you allocate 500 MB of RAM or greater. The following example shows how to optimize the speed of the Android Emulator by setting an SD card size and a RAM allocation size of 1 GB (1024 MB). Page 4 of 168

15 Figure 3-1: Optimizing the speed of the Android Emulator Launching the Android Emulator Once you have installed and configured the Android Emulator for use with the AT&T ARO Data Collector, you can launch it in one of the following ways: From the command line, use the following syntax to launch the Emulator: emulator avd <YourEmulatorName> In the following example, an Emulator named NexusOne is launched from the command line: emulator avd NexusOne From the Eclipse Integrated Developer Environment (IDE), open the Android SDK Manager window, select your Emulator, and click Start. Note: Once the Android Emulator is launched, and before launching the AT&T ARO Data Collector, you should confirm that the application you are testing is installed on the Emulator and running properly. This will ensure that when you run the application during the AT&T Data Collector session, you will be collecting useful trace data. Page 5 of 168

16 3.1.3 Launching AT&T ARO Data Collector To collect data on the Android Emulator, launch the AT&T ARO Data Collector through the commands on the Data Collector menu in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. For system requirements and instructions for installing the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, please refer to the Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer section. Use the following procedure to launch the AT&T ARO Data Collector: 1. Launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer application. 2. To start collecting data, select Start Collector on the Data Collector menu as shown in the following image. Figure 3-2: Select Start Collector to collect data. Note: If the Android Emulator is not started when the Start Collector option is clicked, an error message is displayed indicating that the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer could not find an active Android Emulator connecton. Page 6 of 168

17 3. Enter the trace folder name in the following dialog box and then click Start. Figure 3-3: Entering trace folder name. Please note the following about entering a trace folder name: The trace folder name must only contain alphanumeric characters; it cannot contain special characters or spaces. For instance, the folder name MyTest001 is valid, but the folder name My Test 001 or My!Test is not valid. If the trace folder name already exists on the Emulator, you will be asked if you want to overwrite the existing trace folder. If you enter a name that is not valid, you will be prompted to enter a different name. Note: The Record Video check box in this dialog indicates whether a video will be recorded of the activities carried out on the device while the trace data is being collected. This option is checked by default. Once you have entered a valid trace folder name and clicked the Start button, the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer is ready to start running a trace on the Android Emulator Running a Trace on Android Emulator Use the following procedure to run a trace on the Android Emulator using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. 1. When the Data Collector is ready to start collecting data, you will see a message box that reads "Starting Data Collector on Android Emulator. Please navigate to the application you would like to test." Click OK to start running the trace. 2. When the data collection begins, you will see the Recording in Progress message on the right hand side of the menu bar, Figure 3-5, indicating that a recording of the Emulator is ongoing. Page 7 of 168

18 Figure 3-4: Recording in Process indicator. 3. When the Data Collector is fully engaged on the emulator, you will see the following message indicating that the Data Collector has started. After you receive this message, you can move to the Emulator and start testing your application. For information on how to develop a testing strategy for your application, refer to the Testing Guide. Figure 3-5: Data Collector engaged. Note: The red Recording in Progress notification (Figure 3-5) continues to display as long as the Data Collector is running on the Emulator. If you hold the mouse cursor over the Recording in Progress icon, the following tooltip appears: Page 8 of 168

19 3.1.5 Pulling the Trace 4. When you have completed testing your application on the Android Emulator, open the Data Collector menu on the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer and select the Stop Collector menu item. When you do this, you will see the message: Stopping Data Collector. Please wait 5. When data collection has completely stopped, you will see the following message: AT&T ARO Data Collector stopped. Click OK to stop the Data Collector from collecting data. When the AT&T ARO Data Collector has stopped collecting data, use the following procedure to pull the trace data to your computer so that it can be analyzed. 1. Open the Data Collector menu on the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer and select the Pull Traces menu item. Notice that this menu item is enabled only after the Data Collector has been stopped. 2. When you select Pull Traces, the following confirmation dialog box appears asking whether you want to pull the trace files from the Emulator to the hard drive. Click the Yes button to save the trace to the hard drive of the computer where AT&T ARO is installed. If you click No, the trace folder is not copied to the computer s hard drive. Figure 3-6: Saving the trace confirmation. When the trace files are saved to your computer, you are ready to use the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer to perform analysis on the trace. For information on how to use the results of the ARO Data Analyzer to analyze your trace files, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide. In this document, see Section 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer for instructions on how to install and launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and see the Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the Data Analyzer. Page 9 of 168

20 3.2 Collecting Data Using the ARO Data Collector APK The ARO Data Collector APK can be installed as a standalone application directly on an Android test device for which you have root access. This allows you to collect traces from an application on your test device and transfer the trace data via USB connection to a computer where it can be analyzed by the ARO Data Analyzer. You can get the most recent version of the ARO Data Collector APK by going to the Download AT&T ARO page and clicking the ARO Collector App for Android button Prerequisites for using the ARO Data Collector APK To collect an application trace using the ARO Data Collector APK, you need the following: An ARO Data Collector APK. A computer with the Android SDK and Android Platform installed. An Android test device running Android version 4.x and above. A USB driver installed that matches the Android test device. For example, Samsung devices may require the installation of Samsung Kies, and HTC devices may require the installation of HTC Sync Manager. Consult your device manufacturer s support website for the latest USB driver, and for driver installation instructions that apply to your device. The Android SDK and Android platform are needed so that the Android test device can be connected to a computer via ADB. This connection allows you to install the APK from the computer to the device and also allows you to pull the collected trace files from the device back to the computer for use with the ARO Data Analyzer. To download and install the Android SDK and Android platform: Download the latest version of the Android SDK package based on your operating system type from Add the latest Android Platform to your Android SDK. AT&T recommends version 2.2 or above. Install the Android Platform by following the steps on the Android website at Installing the ARO Data Collector APK using ADB Use the following procedure to install the ARO Data Collector APK directly on an Android test device for which you have root access. Page 10 of 168

21 Note: The following example uses a computer with the Microsoft Windows operating system. 1. Connect the test device to the computer using a USB cable. 2. Open a command window with a DOS prompt and navigate to the platform-tools folder inside the AndroidSDK folder. This will allow you to issue commands to the connected device. 3. Verify the connection between the device and the computer by issuing the adb devices command from the dos prompt, as shown in the following image. Figure 3-7: Command window for issue commands to the connected device. 4. Once the device connection to the computer is verified, issue the following command to install the ARO Data Collector APK on the device: adb install <DataCollectorAPKFileName> In this command, the variable <DataCollectorAPKFileName> is the full file name of the ARO Data Collector APK. The following image shows the adb install command executed successfully. Page 11 of 168

22 Figure 3-8: Successful adb install command Collecting a Trace Using the ARO Data Collector Once you have installed the ARO Data Collector on your test device, you can either operate it directly on the device to collect a trace; or for devices that do not allow you to capture trace video, you can operate the ARO Data Collector via a USB connection using the commands on the Start Collector menu in the ARO Data Analyzer on your computer. To operate the ARO Data Collector from the ARO Data Analyzer, do the following: 1. In the ARO Data Analyzer, open the File menu, select the Set ADB Path option, browse to the directory where the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) executable is located, and select it. 2. Ensure a USB connection between the test device and the computer where the ARO Data Analyzer is installed. 3. In the ARO Data Analyzer, open the Data Collector menu and select the Start Collector option. On the test device, select OK when the Allow USB Debugging prompt asks you to confirm the RSA key on the test device. 4. Run testing scenarios on your app while ARO is collecting data. For example, launch the app, exercise the main functions of the app, and close the app. 5. In the ARO Data Analyzer, open the Data Collector menu and select the Stop Collector option. The trace data, including video, will be transferred to the computer via USB as part of the trace collection process. Page 12 of 168

23 Note: This method allows you to capture a video of the trace via USB for Android devices that do not support the ARO Data Collector capturing trace video directly. Also note that this method has the following known issues: In some cases, the following notification may appear incorrectly when the trace is completed: "Unexpected error accessing device SD card. ADB Connection Error" When this occurs, the trace is intact and the error message can be disregarded. Currently, the ARO Analyzer is unable to pull traces from a Samsung S4 Active i537 device when traces are taken via the USB Video method. Following the USB session, when the Open button on the Trace Summary page is selected, no data is pulled into the Analyzer and the trace folder is empty. Page 13 of 168

24 To operate the ARO Data Collector directly on an Android test device, do the following. 6. Open the program list on your device (like the one in the following image), find the AT&T ARO icon, and launch the AT&T ARO Data Collector. Figure 3-9: Program list for launching the AT&T ARO Data Collector. 7. When AT&T ARO is launched, you will first see a Splash screen and then a Legal Terms Screen (as shown in the following figure). Click the Accept button on the Legal Terms screen to proceed to the main screen of AT&T ARO. Page 14 of 168

25 Figure 3-10: Legal Terms screen for AT&T ARO. 8. Use the controls on the AT&T ARO main screen (Figure 3-11) to cancel any running applications that you do not want to test, select whether to record video with your trace, and start the Data Collector. To stop running tasks, click the Open Task Killer button and select the tasks that you want to stop before you start collecting data. This ensures that you are collecting trace data only from the application that you want to test. To record video while you are capturing the trace, click the Record Video button. To start the ARO Data Collector, click the Start Collector button. Page 15 of 168

26 Figure 3-11: AT&T ARO main screen. 9. When you click the Start Collector button on the AT&T ARO main screen, you will see the Create Folder dialog box (Figure 3-12). Enter a name for the trace folder or accept the default name. The Create Folder dialog displays the default name for the trace folder that is generated from the latest date and time stamp. You can use the default name, or change it to any alphanumeric value up to 50 characters in length. Page 16 of 168

27 Figure 3-12: Create Folder dialog box. 10. When you press the OK button to accept the trace folder name; trace collection is started, an alert notification is displayed on the Android top status bar, and the ARO Data Collector Home screen (Figure 3-13) is displayed. Click the Hide Collector button, and navigate to the application that you are testing. Page 17 of 168

28 Figure 3-13: The ARO Data Collector Home screen. 11. When you have finished testing your application, open the ARO Data Collector home screen using one of the following methods, and click the Stop Collector button. By tapping on the AT&T ARO icon from the program list of the device. By pressing the On-Going notification on the Android slider message bar (Figure 3-14). By accessing AT&T ARO from the recent program list of the device. Page 18 of 168

29 Figure 3-14: The Android slider message bar. 12. When you have clicked the Stop Collector button on the ARO Data Collector Home screen, you will see the Trace Completion screen. Click OK to complete collecting the trace Pulling a Trace to a Computer When the ARO Data Collector has successfully completed collecting the trace on your test device, pull the trace from the device to your computer, so that it can be analyzed using the ARO Data Analyzer. Note: If you operated the ARO Data Collector via USB from the Start Collector menu in the ARO Data Analyzer, then the trace data and video is already pulled to your computer and this step is not necessary. 1. Ensure that your test device is connected to your computer via USB. Page 19 of 168

30 2. Mount the device SD card as Mass Storage. This will bring up a new drive on your computer, under My Computer. 3. Select the On-Going notification on the Android slider message bar (Figure 3-15) to select the files to copy to your computer. Figure 3-15: The Android slider message bar. Note: When using the AT&T ARO Data Collector apk on rooted Motorola Nexus devices that use an emulated SD card, the trace file stored on the device must be retrieved manually using the following ADB shell command: adb pull /sdcard/aro/tracename When the trace files are saved to your computer, you are ready to use the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer to perform analysis on the trace. For information on how to use the results of the ARO Data Analyzer to analyze your trace files, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide. Page 20 of 168

31 In this document, see Section 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer for instructions on how to install and launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and see the Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the Data Analyzer. 3.3 Collecting Data Using ARO Windows 8 Collector Prerequisites The ARO Windows 8 Collector is available for download from the following pages in the Microsoft Visual Studio Gallery as a tool for testing your application on a 32-bit Windows 8 notebook, desktop or x86 based tablet, on a 64-bit desktop or notebook, or on a Windows 7 computer. Download the ARO Windows 8 Collector (32-bit) Download the ARO Windows 8 Collector (64-bit) Note: The ARO Windows 8 Collector does not currently support collecting traces on the Windows 8.1 platform, the Windows Phone 8 platform, or on Windows 8 RT-based tablets (such as the Surface). The ARO Windows 8 Collector allows you to collect trace data from your application that can be analyzed using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. To use the ARO Windows 8 Collector, you need the following: A Windows 8 notebook, desktop, or x86 based tablet. Windows Network Monitor (Netmon) installed (version 3.4 is available here). ARO Windows 8 Collector 32-bit or 64-bit installed Collect a Trace Using ARO Windows 8 Collector Use the following procedure to collect a trace using the ARO Windows 8 Collector. 1. Launch the ARO Windows 8 Collector by running the.exe file that was installed on your machine by the.msi installer that you downloaded from the Visual Studio Gallery. 2. Click Accept to accept the terms and conditions for using the AT&T ARO Data Collector. The first time you launch the AT&T ARO Data Collector, you will see a terms and conditions screen. Once you click the Accept button, you will not be presented with this screen again. 3. When the ARO Windows 8 Collector is launched, you will see the following screen. To start the collector, enter the name of the trace Page 21 of 168

32 directory, select whether to record video, and then click the Start Collector button. Figure 3-16: Enter the name of the trace directory. When the ARO Windows 8 Collector has been started successfully, you should see a message similar to the one in the preceding image. The message informs you that the AT&T ARO Collector has started and that the video capture of the trace has started. It also tells you the basic procedure for using the ARO Collector to test an application. 4. When you click the Start Collector button to begin your trace, you will see a screen like the following. From this screen, click the Hide Collector button and test your application. The Hide Collector button minimizes the ARO Windows 8 Collector so that you can more easily run the application that you are testing. Page 22 of 168

33 Figure 3-17: Collecting data. 5. After you have tested your application, click the Stop Collector button to stop the collector. You will see a screen similar to the following screen. Page 23 of 168

34 Figure 3-18: Data collecting is stopped. When the Stop Collector button is clicked, the messages in the Status box will indicate that the Data Collector is stopping, and that the Video capture is stopping, and will finally indicate that the Data Collector has been stopped successfully. Any errors that occur while the Data Collector is running will also be listed in the Status box. In the preceding image, the error message Video failed to stop normally and has been killed, indicates that there was an error while stopping the video capture. The messages in the Status box will also indicate that the trace is completed, list the path where the trace files are located, and list the total duration of the trace Opening the Trace The application trace data that you collect using the ARO Windows 8 Collector includes packet information, user input, video, and some peripheral information. When the trace files are saved to your computer, you are ready to use the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer to perform analysis on the trace. For information on how to use the results of the ARO Data Analyzer to analyze your trace files, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide. In this document, see Section 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer for instructions on how to install and launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and see Page 24 of 168

35 the Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the Data Analyzer. 3.4 Collecting Data on an ios Device Prerequisites AT&T ARO allows you to collect trace data from an application that is running on an ios device. By connecting an iphone to a Mac computer running OS X Mountain Lion 10.8, OS X Mavericks or OS X Yosemite with the AT&T ARO Analyzer and the latest version of XCode installed, you can capture packet data, device information, and a video of the trace from the device to a Mac computer and analyze the trace using the ARO Data Analyzer. Note: This data collection method has been tested on the following devices: iphone 4s running ios 6 through 7, iphone 5, 5c, or 5s (running ios 7), and iphone 6 (running ios 8). The following issues can occur on these devices if they are disconnected from a Mac running OS X Mountain Lion 10.8 and OS X Mavericks 10.9 while a trace is being collected: On the iphone 5c, the ARO Data Analyzer may hang and display an empty pop-up, requiring the Analyzer to be closed. On the iphone 5 and iphone 4s, the error message No data Packet captured may be displayed. The correct error message is Device got disconnected. The following prerequisites are required to use the AT&T ARO Data Collector with an ios device: An iphone 4s running ios 6 through 7 (only ios 7 when connected to a Mac running OS X Mavericks 10.9), or an iphone 5, 5c, or 5s running ios 7, or iphone 6 running ios 8. A Mac computer running OS X Mountain Lion 10.8, OS X Mavericks 10.9, or OS X Yosemite for which you have administrator rights, a SUDO password, and are able to run SUDO from Terminal. The latest version of XCode must be installed on the computer. Note: XCode version 6.1 or later must be installed when using a device running ios 8. The device must be enabled for development. For more information on how to do this, see Enabling a Device for Development. The AT&T ARO Data Analyzer must be installed on the computer and be running before data collection begins. Page 25 of 168

36 Enabling a Device for Development When the ios device is connected to the Mac computer, open XCode and select Organizer from the Window menu. From Organizer, select the connected device from the list of devices in the left nav, and click the Use for Development button. Note: XCode should always be started first, before starting AT&T ARO. This allows you to see that the device is detected and ready to use. When this button is clicked, you will see a prompt to join the Apple developer program and login with a paid developer account. No paid account is needed to continue in this case, so you can click the Cancel button to continue. The Use for Development button is only available for a device if it has not been enabled before. If the device was enabled previously, XCode will automatically enable it once it is connected to the computer. When the device is enabled for development, you will see a Developer option on the Settings menu of the device Collecting a Trace Use the following procedure to collect a trace from an ios device using the ARO Data Collector. 1. Open the ARO Data Analyzer on the computer and from the Data Collection menu, select the Start Collector option. Note: The ARO Data Analyzer will prompt for a Sudo password once during each session. If the ARO Data Analyzer is closed, you will be prompted for the password the next time that the ARO Data Analyzer is started. 2. When data collection begins on the device, test the application and then select the Stop Collector option on the Data Collection menu. Ensure that the device remains connected to the computer while the app is being tested and the Data Collector is running. 3. Select the Pull Traces option on the Data Collection menu and the trace folder will be saved to the default location on the computer. Note: The default location for ARO trace folders on a Mac computer are as follows (where user-name- is the login name for each computer user): /Users/-user-name-/AROTraceIOS (for IOS data) /Users/-user-name-/AROTraceAndroid (for Android data) Page 26 of 168

37 3.4.3 Opening the Trace When the trace files are saved to your computer, you are ready to use the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer to perform analysis on the trace. For information on how to use the results of the ARO Data Analyzer to analyze your trace files, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide. In this document, see Section 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer for instructions on how to install and launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and see the Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the Data Analyzer. 3.5 Collecting Data on a non-rooted Android Device AT&T ARO provides the following methods for collecting data from an application that is running on an Android device, without requiring access to the root of the device. VPN implementation Virtual Wi-Fi implementation VPN Implementation The AT&T ARO VPN provides an easier way to collect and analyze data from an application that is running on an Android device, without requiring access to the root of the device. This feature has been tested on the following devices: Samsung Galaxy S5 and LG Nexus 5 running Android 4.4 (Kitkat). Motorola Nexus 6 and LG Nexus 5 running Android 5 (Lollipop). By connecting your device to a computer running AT&T ARO, and selecting the Start Collector option, an ARO VPN is installed on the device which allows for the capture of HTTP and UDP packet data requests before they are sent, and responses when they are received. In addition to packet data, the ARO VPN captures a video of the trace, and device state information, such as battery, WiFi, and GPS usage. The following information is captured by the ARO VPN: TCP packet information. UDP packet information. Video of the trace. GPS state information. Page 27 of 168

38 Signal strength. Screen state. Battery state. WiFi state. Network type. Trace name, date and duration. Device make, model and OS platform version. The following information is not captured by the ARO VPN: User generated events. Application name and version. Alarm information (whether or not an alarm was triggered). Bluetooth state. Camera state. RRC state information. CPU usage Prerequisites The following prerequisites are required to use the AT&T ARO Data Collector with a non-rooted Android device: A clean, non-rooted Android device running Android 4.4 or above. Note: This feature has been tested on the Samsung Galaxy S5 and LG Nexus 5 running Android 4.4 (Kitkat), and the Motorola Nexus 6 and LG Nexus 5 running Android 5 (Lollipop). AT&T ARO version 4.0 or above must be installed on the Windows 32 bit, Windows 64-bit, or Mac computer. The Android SDK must be installed on the computer (this allows use of the ADB bridge). The device must be connected to the computer via USB. We recommended that you test with a clean device that has only the test app running. Page 28 of 168

39 Collecting a Trace Use the following procedure to collect a trace from a non-rooted Android device using the VPN Implementation. Note: This method of data collection does not capture the names of individual apps and processes. This means that you will not be able to easily distinguish between data from the app you are testing and data from other apps or background processes that are running at the same time. For this reason, we highly recommend that you always test on a clean device with only the test app running when using this method. 1. Open the ARO Data Analyzer on the computer and from the Data Collection menu, select the Start Collector option. Note: If the connected device is a Samsung Galaxy S5, click OK on the warning message to continue. 2. Enter a name for the trace in the dialog box and click OK. 3. A VPN Connection request screen will appear on the device. Click OK on the request screen to acknowledge that you trust the ARO VPN. 4. Click Start to begin collecting a trace. 5. Test the app on the device, and when testing is completed, click the Stop button. 6. The trace file is pulled to the computer and opened automatically in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. Note: Traces are saved in the default folder "AROTraceAndroid" that is located in the User directory of your computer. Note: When using the AT&T ARO Non-Rooted Android Collector VPN implementation to collect data from a Motorola Nexus 6 running Android 5.0 (Lollipop), you must manually stop each trace on the device, before stopping the trace using the Stop button in the ARO Data Collector Opening a Trace When data collection is stopped, the trace is opened automatically in the ARO Data Analyzer and an analysis is performed on the trace. For information on how to use the results of analysis, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide and see Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the ARO Data Analyzer Virtual WiFi Implementation AT&T ARO provides another implementation that allows you to collect packet data and a video of the trace, from an application that is running on an Android device, without requiring access to the root of the device. Page 29 of 168

40 Prerequisites By connecting the Android device via USB to a computer with ARO installed and by ensuring that both are connected to the same virtual WiFi network, you can capture packet data and a video of the trace from the device to the computer and analyze the trace using the ARO Data Analyzer. Note: This feature only works using the prerequisites and configuration described in this section. The following prerequisites are required to use the AT&T ARO Data Collector with a non-rooted Android device: A non-rooted Android device that is enabled for development mode. A computer running Microsoft Windows 7 64-bit. The Android SDK must be installed on the computer. AT&T ARO Data version 3.1 or above must be installed on the computer. The device must be connected to the computer via USB. The device and the computer must both be connected to the Virtual WiFi network AROROCKS. Install winpcap.lib version (Used for collecting packet data) Ensure that the location of windump is included in your system variables path Collecting a Trace Use the following procedure to collect a trace from a non-rooted Android device using the ARO Data Collector. 1. Open the ARO Data Analyzer on the computer and from the Data Collection menu, select the Start Collector option. Enter a name for the trace in the dialog box and click OK. The message Recording in progress will appear in the menu bar of the ARO Data Analyzer. 2. A dialog box will appear with the following message: Please connect your mobile device to Virtual WiFi network AROROCKS with password arorocks. Once connected, click OK to start packet capture. Ensure that your device has WiFi enabled and is connected to AROROCKS, then click OK. The following figure shows the Connect your device dialog. Page 30 of 168

41 Figure 3-19: The Connect your device dialog. 3. Ensure that the Wireless Network Connection on your computer has Internet Connection Sharing turned on. To do this, open Control Panel- >Network and Internet->Network Connections, right-click on the Wireless Network Connection and open Properties. Open the Sharing tab in Properties and mark the check box for Allow other network users to connect through this computer s internet connection. The following image shows this selection: Page 31 of 168

42 Figure 3-20: Setting Internet Connection Sharing. Note: The security policies of a corporate network or of your home network may prevent you from establishing a WiFi connection between the device and a computer connected to the network. To work around this issue, you can use an AIRCARD that connects to the cellular WiFi network. 4. When the WiFi connection is established, the Live Video Screen Capture window will display the screen of the connected device (as in the following figure). Test the apps on the device, and when testing is completed, click the Stop button on the bottom right of the Live Video Screen Capture window. Page 32 of 168

43 Opening the Trace Figure 3-21: Screen of a connected device displayed in the Live Video Screen Capture window. When data collection is stopped, the trace is opened automatically in the ARO Data Analyzer and an analysis is performed on the trace. Note: Traces are saved in the default folder "AROTraceAndroid" that is located in the User directory of your computer. For information on how to use the results of analysis, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide and see Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the ARO Data Analyzer. 3.6 Other Data Collection Methods To collect trace data that can be analyzed by the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer from an application that is running on a platform other than Android or Windows 8, you can use one of the following methods: Install the ARO Data Collector APK on an Android device and use that device as a wireless access point to collect a trace from a non-android device. Collect a PCAP packet trace using tools such as Wireshark, ngrep, or tcpdump. Page 33 of 168

44 It s important to note that while these methods of trace collection are good for diagnosing applications on non-android devices, they do not offer the ability to view video of the test, see energy consumption, or view information from some peripherals. The following sections describe these two methods Using the ARO Data Collector as a Standalone Application with non-android devices Prerequisites An Android device with the AT&T ARO Data Collector APK installed can be used as a wireless access point to collect a trace from a non-android device. The same wireless access point can then be used to pull the collected traces from the non-android device back to a computer for analysis using the ARO Data Analyzer. An Android test device for which you have root access that is running Android version 2.2 and above with the ARO Data Collector APK installed. A non-android device to run the app that is being tested. A computer running the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. See Section 3.2 Collecting Data Using the ARO Data Collector APK to install the ARO Data Collector APK on your Android test device Collecting a Trace Use the following procedure to collect a trace on a non-android device using the ARO Data Collector as a standalone application. 1. Set up your Android test device as a wireless hotspot. 2. Connect the non-android device to the wireless hotspot and ensure that the connection is working between the two devices. 3. Start the ARO Data Collector on your Android device. See Section 3.2 Collecting Data Using the ARO Data Collector APK to start the ARO Data Collector and begin the trace. 4. Test the application on the non-android device. The trace will be captured over the wireless hot-spot connection by the ARO Data Collector on the Android device. 5. Stop the ARO Data Collector on your Android device. Page 34 of 168

45 Pulling the Trace See Section 3.2 Collecting Data Using the ARO Data Collector APK for information on how to stop the ARO Data Collector and save the trace. To pull the trace files from the Android device to your computer where you can analyze them using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, see Section Pulling a Trace to a Computer. When the trace files are saved to your computer, you are ready to use the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer to perform analysis on the trace. For information on how to use the results of the ARO Data Analyzer to analyze your trace files, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide. In this document, see Section 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer for instructions on how to install and launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and see the Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the Data Analyzer Collecting a PCAP Packet Trace The ARO Data Analyzer will open and analyze PCAP packet trace files that were captured using other tools. While PCAP files provide TCP and network information when viewed in ARO, they do not offer the ability to view video of the test, see the amount of energy consumption, or provide information on peripheral applications like GPS, or Bluetooth. Note: ARO does support syncing a video that was recorded outside of the ARO Data Collector to a PCAP trace. For information, see Section Syncing an External Video to a PCAP Packet Trace If you already have a PCAP file on your computer, open the ARO Data Analyzer and select the Open Pcap File option on the File menu to begin your analysis. Otherwise, one of the following tools can be used to collect a PCAP packet trace: Wireshark (A.K.A. Ethereal) ngrep tcpdump To pull the PCAP trace files to your computer for analysis, you need one of the following: A network access point on your computer. An application that creates a virtual wireless access point, such as Connectify. An Android phone that has a wireless access point built in. Page 35 of 168

46 The following example shows the prerequisites and steps for collecting a PCAP trace using Wireshark and pulling the trace files to your computer for analysis using the ARO Data Analyzer Prerequisites for a Collecting PCAP Packet Trace To collect a PCAP trace using Wireshark, you need the following. A computer with a WiFi card. One of the following access points for transferring files: o o o A network access point on your computer. An application like Connectify that acts as a virtual wireless access point. Please note that Connectify is for the Microsoft Windows OS only. An Android phone that has a wireless access point built in. A mobile device Collecting a PCAP Packet Trace Use the following procedure to gather a PCAP trace using Wireshark. 1. Ensure that your computer is connected to the internet by WiFi, Ethernet connection or cabled connection. 2. Establish a network access point on your computer using one of the following methods. If you already have a network access point available, identify your computer as a proxy for that network on your mobile device. If you have an Android phone with a built in wireless access point, establish the connection with your non-android device. Install and configure a virtual wireless access point on your computer, like Connectify. Connectify is an application that turns a Windows PC with a WiFi card into a wireless access point. It enables users to share files, printers, and internet connections between multiple computing devices without the need for a separate physical access point or router. When you set up Connectify, the installation wizard prompts you for a network name, a password, and a connection to share. You can share a cabled connection or a WiFi connection. Once Connectify is configured and running, your mobile device should be able to share the computer s WiFi connection. 3. Install and configure Wireshark. Wireshark is an application that is typically used for network troubleshooting, analysis, software, communications, protocol development, and education. Page 36 of 168

47 4. Ensure that Wireshark can listen to remote devices, by selecting the Capture Filters option on the Capture menu. This will open the window shown in the following image. Click the New button and change both HTTP port settings to Figure 3-22: Wireshark Capture Filter. 5. On the mobile device, open the WiFi Settings and ensure that you are connected to the network access point using your password. Note: If you are testing with an iphone, select your network access point and set the HTTP Proxy to manual. Use your computer name as the proxy and port 8888 as the port. You should now be able to run a packet analysis of your app from the mobile device, and create a PCAP file on your computer. Page 37 of 168

48 Once you have the PCAP file, open it using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer and analyze the trace file. For information on how to use the results of the ARO Data Analyzer to analyze your trace files, see the AT&T ARO Analysis Guide. In this document, see Section 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer for instructions on how to install and launch the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, and see the Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference for a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the Data Analyzer. Page 38 of 168

49 Syncing an External Video to a PCAP Packet Trace AT&T ARO can sync a video of trace execution that was recorded outside of the ARO Data Collector. This allows you to view a video of a PCAP trace in the AT&T ARO Video Viewer that is synced to the trace timeline, so that you have a video reference of the actions that were taking place when you are examining data in the Diagnostics Chart in AT&T ARO, just like you can when you have collected a trace using the ARO Data Collector. There are several applications that allow you to capture a video of the device screen. For example, Android Screencast app (available at captures video from an Android device and stores it on Microsoft Windows, Linux, or the Mac OS. To sync a video of a trace to a PCAP trace file in AT&T ARO, do the following: 1. Ensure that the video you have recorded is longer than the PCAP trace. Trace duration can be found in the Test Statistics section of the Best Practices tab in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. 2. Open the trace folder, and delete the file video_time if it exists in the folder. 3. Add your video file to the trace folder. 4. Open AT&T ARO and load your trace by selecting Open Pcap File on the File menu. 5. Open the Diagnostics tab. (This is not required, but it is the easiest way to see that the video and the data are in sync.) 6. Click the Sync Video button on the ARO Video Viewer. 7. With the blue line on the Diagnostics Chart that indicates the current time in the trace set at 0, start the video in the ARO Video Viewer. Note: Due to a variety of factors, including trace size and platform dependence, a delay of plus/minus 5 seconds when syncing an external video to a trace file is expected. Also note the following known issues when using this feature: Please ensure that the video duration is at least as long as the trace duration. Avoid clicking in the Diagnostics Chart when the video is playing; the timing of response may be affected. Certain 64-bit Windows 7 computers may have unexpected/random video sync issues. If this occurs, Re-sync the trace to the video. Do not use a High Definition (HD) video file with the Video Sync feature. Page 39 of 168

50 Avoid disconnecting the USB cable during the collection of a trace, it may cause unexpected behavior. On a Mac computer, the Trace Summary notification window may appear distorted. This will be fixed in a future release. The following figure shows the ARO Diagnostics Chart with the ARO Video Viewer on the right. Figure 3-23 AT&T ARO Diagnostics Chart and ARO Video Viewer 3.7 AT&T ARO Data Collector Integration with IBM Rational Quality Manager IBM Rational is a fully featured set of lifecycle management tools that are used by developers and testers to develop and validate products. Beginning with AT&T ARO version 3.0, IBM Rational users can use AT&T ARO as part of their development lifecycle, and AT&T ARO users can take advantage of the full range of capabilities that IBM Rational offers to support mobile application development. AT&T ARO integration with the IBM Rational Quality Manager allows you to test an application on an Android Device or on the Android Emulator by automatically activating the ARO Analyzer from Rational Quality Manager. Once the ARO Page 40 of 168

51 Analyzer is activated, you can start the ARO Data Collector to test your app using the device or emulator. Please note that the following information assumes that you are familiar with IBM Rational Quality Manager. To take advantage of AT&T ARO integration with IBM Rational Quality Manager, install the following prerequisites: Install AT&T ARO version 3.0 or greater from and ensure that you meet the system requirements and prerequisites. Install the AT&T ARO Adapter for IBM Rational Quality Manager which is provided as an option during the AT&T ARO installation process. Please note that the AT&T ARO Adapter for IBM Rational Quality Manager for Windows is only available for 32-bit systems. Install the IBM Rational Quality Manager Server 4.x from Note: The AT&T Application Resource Optimizer Adapter for IBM Rational Quality Manager supports the "Server Rename" capability in Rational Quality Manager. Once the AT&T ARO Adapter for IBM Rational Quality Manager is installed and configured, you will be able to create a test script in Rational Quality Manager that can start the AT&T ARO Analyzer, allowing you to use the Data Collector features in your testing. When the test is complete, the trace files collected by ARO can become part of the test results in your Rational Quality Manager test case. Page 41 of 168

52 4 Using the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer The AT&T ARO Data Analyzer is a tool for measuring and analyzing the radio resource and energy usage of applications running on a device or on the Android Emulator. The Data Analyzer works from application traces gathered through the AT&T ARO Data Collector to do its analysis. The AT&T ARO Data Analyzer provides the following: Visibility into radio resource and energy utilization. Benchmarking of resource efficiencies. Automatic diagnosis of application inefficiencies. To use the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, you must meet the system requirements and follow the installation instructions in the following sections. 4.1 System Requirements Before you download the ARO Installer from and begin collecting and analyzing application trace files, make sure you meet the following system requirements and prerequisites for your operating system: Microsoft Windows XP, Windows Vista, or Windows 7: At least 1GB of RAM. Install Java 6 or above from Install WinPcap, the "industry-standard windows packet capture library", from Note: To load a trace that was collected on Windows 8 for analysis on the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, you must install Microsoft Network Monitor (Netmon) from Microsoft Windows 8 (x86): At least 1GB of RAM. Install Java 6 or above from Install WinPcap, the "industry-standard windows packet capture library", from Note: To install WinPcap on Windows 8, set the compatibility mode to Windows 7 in WinPcap properties. Page 42 of 168

53 Install Microsoft Network Monitor (Netmon) from Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard) and above: At least 1GB of RAM. Install Java 6 or above from Note: When you download the ARO Installer, you will have the opportunity to select and install the following prerequisites: WinPcap (Required for collecting and analyzing traces on Microsoft Windows) Microsoft Network Monitor (Optional only required for analyzing traces collected on Windows 8) Android SDK (Optional only required when using the Android Emulator) 4.2 Installing AT&T ARO Data Analyzer The AT&T ARO Data Analyzer can be accessed from the AT&T Developer Program web site at 1. On the download page, you will be prompted to join the AT&T Developer Program at or if you re already a member, sign in. 2. Once you ve signed in, click the Download AT&T ARO button and select the ARO Installer that matches the operating system on which you ll be running the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. Note: The ARO Installer will allow you to install multiple versions of the application in different folders. However, AT&T does not recommend this because of the confusion that can arise from using different versions of the ARO application on the same computer. 4.3 Opening a Trace File When you open a trace file in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, the data is evaluated against a set of recommended best practices. The Data Analyzer looks at how your application (and your server) is handling caching, and how you are managing the network connections for your application. Use the following procedure to open a trace file. Page 43 of 168

54 1. From the File menu in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, select the Open Trace menu item to display the Open dialog box. Figure 4-1: Opening a trace for analysis. 2. In the Open dialog box, select a trace folder and then click the Open button. When you click Open the trace files are loaded and the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer begins analyzing the data. Note: The time that it takes the Data Analyzer to complete the analysis depends on the size of the trace. As soon as the analysis is complete, all of the content tabs in the Data Analyzer are updated with the analysis results You can also open.pcap trace files, and trace files that have been collected using the Microsoft Network Monitor, by selecting the Open Pcap File command from the File menu. These files allow you to view statistical and analytical data for the trace based on the packet information in the file, but you will not be able to view any video information in the Viewer and you will not see any information for peripheral applications (i.e. GPS or Bluetooth). Note: When loading some large traces in the ARO Data Analyzer, an Out of Memory (OOM) notification error may occur, or a notification message that ARO has reached the maximum memory heap size, may appear. When either of Page 44 of 168

55 these errors occurs, try closing the ARO Analyzer and reloading the trace. Also consider collecting multiple, smaller, more targeted traces. Note: ARO does support syncing a video that was recorded outside of the ARO Data Collector to a PCAP trace. For information, see Section Syncing an External Video to a PCAP Packet Trace For a complete description of the menus, tabs, tools, charts, graphs, and analytical data in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer, see Section 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference. Page 45 of 168

56 5 AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference The following sections are a complete reference of the Command Menus and Content Tabs in the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. 5.1 Command Menus The AT&T ARO menu bar has the following menus. Menu File Profile Tools View Data Collector Defect Tracking Help Description Contains options for opening trace files, opening Pcap files, setting the ADB path, printing results, and exiting the application. Contains options for loading and customizing device profiles. Contains options for running a Pcap file analysis, running a Time Range Analysis, exporting analytical data in the JSON format, exporting data from a group of trace files (aka Data Dump) into a single.csv file, and scanning application code for security weaknesses using Lookout Security. Contains options for displaying the video viewer, filtering the set of data that appears in the analysis and diagnostics based on application, IP address, and time range, and configuring which data should appear in the Diagnostics Chart. Contains options for accessing the AT&T ARO Data Collector from the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. Contains an option for exporting defects to IBM Rational Team Concert, and to HP ALM. Contains options for displaying the AT&T ARO version, the FAQ page, the User Guide, the Analysis Guide, Dependencies, Forum, Support, Downloads, and other Help documentation. Table 5-1: AT&T ARO menu bar menus. Page 46 of 168

57 5.1.1 File Menu The File menu contains the following selections. Selection Open Trace Open Pcap File Set ADB Path Print Exit Description Opens a file for trace analysis. When this menu item is selected, a dialog box is displayed that prompts you to select the location of the trace folder containing the trace files. You must select a trace file using this command before you can view the trace analysis of that file. Opens a Pcap file for packet data analysis and also opens files that have been collected using the Windows Network Monitor (NetMon). When this menu item is selected, a dialog box is displayed that prompts you to select the location of the Pcap file. You must select a Pcap file using this command before you can view a packet data analysis of that file. Note: To open a file that was collected using NetMon, you must have NetMon installed on your machine. Opens a dialog that allows you to set a path for the Android Debug Bridge (ADB). Prints the results that are displayed when the Best Practices or Statistics tab is selected. This menu option is only enabled when the Best Practices or Statistics tab is selected. Exits the AT&T ARO application. Table 5-2: File menu selections Set ADB Path This feature opens a dialog that allows you to set a path to the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) on your computer. Note: When entering the ADB path in this dialog, you must include the adb at the end of the path. The following figure demonstrates this: Page 47 of 168

58 Figure 5-1 Set ADB Path Dialog box Profile Menu The Profile menu contains the following selections. Selection Load Customize Description Loads the selected Profile. Displays the attribute values of the selected Profile and allows you to edit them. Table 5-3: Profile menu selections. Page 48 of 168

59 Load Selection When selected, the following dialog box is displayed that prompts you to select a pre-defined Profile. When a Profile is selected, the profile values that are used to calculate the statistical and analytical data are updated accordingly. Each Profile contains a set of attributes pertaining to the network and a set of attributes pertaining to the device. To edit the values of these profile attributes, select the Customize menu option Customize Selection Figure 5-2: Select Profile dialog box. When selected, displays the profile attributes and values of the specified profile (Figure 5-1) in two tables in the following dialog box. The Network Attributes table contains attributes that vary according to the network type (3G, LTE, or WiFi), and the Device Attributes table contains attributes of the device that impact network activity. Page 49 of 168

60 AT&T 3G Profile Network and Device Attributes The following network attributes are defined for the AT&T 3G profile. Network Attribute Carrier DCH (Active)->FACH (Standby) timer (sec) FACH (Standby)->IDLE timer (sec) Min IDLE->DCH (Active) promotion delay (sec) Avg IDLE->DCH (Active) promotion delay (sec) Max IDLE->DCH (Active) promotion delay (sec) Min FACH (Standby)->DCH (Active) promotion delay (sec) Avg FACH (Standby)->DCH (Active) promotion delay (sec) Max FACH (Standby)->DCH (Active) promotion delay (sec) RLC threshold for uplink (bytes) RLC threshold for downlink (bytes) Threshold for resetting DCH (Active) timer (bytes) Description The network carrier for the device. The amount of time (in seconds) used when the RRC state changes from (direct channel) DCH to (forward access channel) FACH. The amount of time (in seconds) used when the RRC state changes from FACH (Forward access channel) to IDLE. The minimum amount of time used (in seconds) when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active). The average amount of time used (in seconds) when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active). The maximum amount of time used (in seconds) when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active). The minimum amount of time used (in seconds) when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active) and FACH (Forward access channel) to DCH (Active). The average amount of time used (in seconds) when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active) and FACH (Forward access channel) to DCH (Active). The maximum amount of time used (in seconds) when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active) and FACH (Forward access channel) to DCH (Active). The RLC threshold value (in bytes) for uplink. The RLC threshold value (in bytes) for downlink. The threshold for resetting the DCH (Active) timer (in bytes). Page 50 of 168

61 Network Attribute Timing window for resetting DCH (Active) timer (sec) RLC consumption rate (^2) for uplink RLC consumption rate (^1) for uplink RLC consumption rate (^0) for uplink RLC consumption rate (^2) for downlink RLC consumption rate (^1) for downlink RLC consumption rate (^0) for downlink Time delta for throughput calculations (sec) Threshold for defining a burst (sec) Threshold for defining a long burst (sec) Threshold for user input window (sec) Periodical Transfer Analysis - Min size of periodical clusters (sec) Periodical Transfer Analysis - Max tolerable variation for periodical transfers (sec) Periodical Transfer Analysis - Min number of periodical transfers Threshold for duration of a large burst (sec) Threshold for size of a large burst (bytes) Threshold for close spaced bursts (sec) Description The timing window for resetting the DCH (Active) timer (in seconds). The RLC consumption rate (^2) for uplink. The RLC consumption rate (^1) for uplink. The RLC consumption rate (^0) for uplink. The RLC consumption rate (^2) for downlink. The RLC consumption rate (^1) for downlink. The RLC consumption rate (^0) for downlink. The time delta (in seconds) used for calculating throughput. The time threshold (in seconds) used for defining a burst. The time threshold (in seconds) used for defining a long burst. The time threshold (in seconds) used for calculating user input. The minimum size (in seconds) of a cluster of periodical transfers. The maximum tolerable variation (in seconds) used for calculating periodical transfers. The minimum number of periodical transfers. The duration threshold (in seconds) used for defining a large burst. The size threshold (in bytes) used for defining a large burst. The threshold (in seconds) used for defining a close spaced burst. Page 51 of 168

62 Table 5-4: Network attributes for the AT&T 3G profile. The following device attributes are defined for the AT&T 3G profile. Device Attribute Device Name DCH (Active) Power (w) FACH (Standby) Power (w) IDLE Power (w) Average power for IDLE- >DCH (Active) promotion (w) Average power for FACH (Standby)- >DCH (Active) promotion (w) Average power for active GPS (w) Average power for standby GPS (w) Average power when camera is on (w) Average power for active Bluetooth (w) Average power for standby Bluetooth (w) Average power when screen is on (w) Description The make and model of the device. The amount of power (in watts) that should be used when the RRC state is DCH (Active). The amount of power (in watts) that should be used when the RRC state is FACH (Standby). The amount of power (in watts) that should be used when the RRC state is IDLE. The average amount of energy used when the RRC state is promoted from IDLE to DCH (Active). The average amount of power (in watts) that should be used when the RRC state is promoted from FACH (Standby) to DCH (Active). The average amount of power (in watts) for active GPS. The average amount of power (in watts) for standby GPS. The average amount of power (in watts) when the camera is on. The average amount of power (in watts) for active Bluetooth. The average amount of power (in watts) for standby Bluetooth. The average amount of power (in watts) when the screen is on. Page 52 of 168

63 Table 5-5: Device attributes for the AT&T 3G profile AT&T LTE Profile Network and Device Attributes The following network attributes are defined for the AT&T LTE profile. Network Attribute Carrier Promotion time from Idle to CR (sec) Time of inactivity from CR before DRX (sec) Time in short DRX (sec) Ping length during DRX (sec) Time in Long DRX (sec) Ping length in IDLE (sec) Period between pings DRX Short (sec) Period between pings DRX Long (sec) Period between pings IDLE (sec) Time delta for throughput calculations (sec) Description The network carrier for the device. The amount of time (in seconds) spent in promotion from the IDLE state to the CR state. The amount of inactive time (in seconds) spent in the CR state before changing to the DRX state. The amount of time (in seconds) spent in the Short DRX state. The length of a ping (in seconds) during the DRX state. The amount of time (in seconds) spent in the Long DRX state. The length of a ping (in seconds) during the IDLE state. The length of the period between pings (in seconds) in the Short DRX state. The length of the period between pings (in seconds) in the Long DRX state. The length of the period between pings (in seconds) in the IDLE state. The time delta (in seconds) used for calculating throughput. Page 53 of 168

64 Network Attribute Threshold for defining a burst (sec) Threshold for defining a long burst (sec) Threshold for user input window (sec) Min cycle for periodical transfers (sec) Max tolerable variation for periodical transfers (sec) Min observed samples for periodical transfers Threshold for duration of a large burst (sec) Threshold for size of a large burst (bytes) Description The time threshold (in seconds) used for defining a burst. The time threshold (in seconds) used for defining a long burst. The time threshold (in seconds) used for calculating user input. The minimum cycle time (in seconds) used for calculating periodical transfers. The maximum tolerable variation (in seconds) used for calculating periodical transfers. The minimum number of observed samples used for calculating periodical transfers. The duration threshold (in seconds) used for defining a large burst. The size threshold (in bytes) used for defining a large burst. Table 5-6: Network attributes for the AT&T LTE profile. Page 54 of 168

65 The following device attributes are defined for the AT&T LTE profile. Device Attribute Device Name Average power during promotion (w) Average power of ping during short DRX (w) Average power of ping during long DRX (w) Average power during tail (baseline) (w) Average power of ping in idle (w) Multiplier for throughput upload energy calc. (mw/mbps) Multiplier for throughput download energy calc. (mw/mbps) Baseline for CR energy (before throughput modifiers added) (w) Average power for active GPS (w) Average power for standby GPS (w) Description The make and model of the device. The average power (in watts) used during promotion. The average power (in watts) used by a ping in the Short DRX state. The average power (in watts) used by a ping in the Long DRX state. The average power baseline (in watts) used in a tail state. The average power (in watts) used by a ping in the IDLE state. The multiplier used for throughput energy calculations, expressed in mw/mbps. The multiplier used for download energy calculations, expressed in mw/mbps. The baseline value (in watts) for energy used in the CR state, before throughput modifiers are added. The average amount of power (in watts) for active GPS. The average amount of power (in watts) for standby GPS. Page 55 of 168

66 Device Attribute Average power when camera is on (w) Average power for active Bluetooth (w) Average power for standby Bluetooth (w) Average power when screen is on (w) Description The average amount of power (in watts) when the camera is on. The average amount of power (in watts) for active Bluetooth. The average amount of power (in watts) for standby Bluetooth. The average amount of power (in watts) when the screen is on. Table 5-7: Device attributes for the AT&T LTE profile AT&T WiFi Profile Network and Device Attributes The following network attributes are defined for the AT&T WiFi profile. Network Attribute Carrier WiFi tail time (sec) Time delta for throughput calculations (sec) Threshold for defining a burst (sec) Threshold for defining a long burst (sec) Threshold for user input window (sec) Min cycle for periodical transfers (sec) Description The network carrier for the device. The amount of time (in seconds) spent in promotion from the IDLE state to the CR state. The time delta (in seconds) used for calculating throughput. The time threshold (in seconds) used for defining a burst. The time threshold (in seconds) used for defining a long burst. The time threshold (in seconds) used for calculating user input. The minimum cycle time (in seconds) used for calculating periodical transfers. Page 56 of 168

67 Network Attribute Max tolerable variation for periodical transfers (sec) Min observed samples for periodical transfers Threshold for duration of a large burst (sec) Threshold for size of a large burst (bytes) Description The maximum tolerable variation (in seconds) used for calculating periodical transfers. The minimum number of observed samples used for calculating periodical transfers. The duration threshold (in seconds) used for defining a large burst. The size threshold (in bytes) used for defining a large burst. Table 5-8: Network attributes for the AT&T WiFi profile. The following device attributes are defined for the AT&T WiFi profile. Device Attribute Device Name Average power WiFi connected (w) Average power WiFi inactive (w) Average power for active GPS (w) Average power for standby GPS (w) Average power when camera is on (w) Description The make and model of the device. The amount of inactive time (in seconds) spent in the CR state before changing to the DRX state. The amount of time (in seconds) spent in the Short DRX state. The average amount of power (in watts) for active GPS. The average amount of power (in watts) for standby GPS. The average amount of power (in watts) when the camera is on. Page 57 of 168

68 Device Attribute Average power for active Bluetooth (w) Average power for standby Bluetooth (w) Average power when screen is on (w) Description The average amount of power (in watts) for active Bluetooth. The average amount of power (in watts) for standby Bluetooth. The average amount of power (in watts) when the screen is on. Table 5-9: Device attributes for the AT&T WiFi profile Tools Menu The Tools menu contains the following selections. Selection PCAP File Analysis Time Range Analysis Data Dump Export csv Export Json Lookout Security Description Opens Wireshark to access the Pcap file, and displays the trace results in the ARO Data Analyzer. Displays the Time Range Analysis dialog box that allows you to set a time range, start or cancel the analysis, and display the analysis results. For more information, see Section Time Range Analysis Opens a Save As dialog box that allows you to select one or more ARO trace folders and export them to a single.csv file. For more information, see Section Data Dump Opens a Save As dialog box that allows you to export the currently loaded trace data as to a.csv file. Opens a Save As dialog box that allows you to export the currently loaded trace data as to a.json file. Opens a window that allows you to select an application for submission to Lookout Security. For more information, see Section Lookout Security. Table 5-10: Tools menu selections. Page 58 of 168

69 Time Range Analysis This feature allows you to set a time range, start or cancel the analysis, and display the analysis results. When the start and end time are entered and the Start button is clicked, the following results are displayed based on the network type of the Profile that has been selected. For a 3G Profile, you will see the following results in the Time Range Analysis dialog box. Result Payload length Total Bytes Energy DCH Time Average Throughput Description The length of the payload in bytes. The total number of bytes in the trace. The amount of energy used in joules. The amount of time, in seconds, that was spent in the DCH state. The average data throughput in kilobytes per second. Table 5-11: Time Range analysis results for a 3G profile. For an LTE Profile, you will see the following results in the Time Range Analysis dialog box. Result Payload length Total Bytes Energy LTE Time Average Throughput Description The length of the payload in bytes. The total number of bytes in the trace. The amount of energy used in joules. The amount of time, in seconds, that was spent in the Continuous Reception (CR) state. The average data throughput in kilobytes per second. Table 5-12: Time Range analysis results for an LTE profile. For a WiFi Profile, you will see the following results in the Time Range Analysis dialog box. Result Payload length Total Bytes Energy Description The length of the payload in bytes. The total number of bytes in the trace. The amount of energy used in joules. Page 59 of 168

70 WiFi Active Time Average Throughput The amount of time, in seconds, that was spent in the WiFi Active state. The average data throughput in kilobytes per second. Table 5-13: Time Range analysis results for a WiFi profile Data Dump Export csv Export Json The Data Dump feature allows you to select any number of ARO trace folders (folders that contain ARO trace files), and export all of the trace data to a single.csv file. Using this feature, you can easily build your own database of ARO trace data. When you select Data Dump on the Tools menu, a dialog box is opened that allows you to select one or more ARO trace folders. When you click Open, you will be prompted to provide a name and a location for the.csv file that will contain a data dump of all the information in each of the selected trace folders, combined into one set of data. When you click Save, you will see a message that the data has been exported successfully, and you will have the choice of clicking an Open button which will open the.csv file using the program you have set as the default for opening the.csv file type. The Export csv feature sends the statistical and analytical data from the current trace to a single.csv file. When you select Export csv on the Tools menu, a Save As dialog box is opened that allows you to enter a name and select a location for the.csv file. When you click Save, you will see a message that the data has been exported successfully, and you will have the choice of clicking an Open button which will open the.csv file using the program you have set as the default for opening the.csv file type. The Export Json feature sends the statistical and analytical data from the current trace to a single.json file. When you select Export Json on the Tools menu, a Save As dialog box is opened that allows you to enter a name and select a location for the.json file. When you click Save, you will see a message that the data has been exported successfully, and you will have the choice of clicking an Open button which will Page 60 of 168

71 open the.json file using the program you have set as the default for opening the.json file type (typically your default browser). Note: AT&T ARO provides a command line utility called the AT&T ARO Diff Tool that is available on the Download AT&T ARO page. This tool compares ARO trace files that have been exported to.json and generates a report in.csv or.html format that shows the delta between the values Lookout Security AT&T ARO has integrated a security scan capability, provided by Lookout Security, which offers developers the ability to scan their apps for potential security threats. Figure 5-3: Lookout Security dialog box. Use the following procedure to specify an application file (an APK) for submission to Lookout Security. Page 61 of 168

72 3. Click the Browse button and select a local APK file, or select the URL radio button and enter the URL address of an APK file. 4. Enter an address. (This is a required field for submission) In the event that malware is detected in the scan, the developer may be notified directly, via this address, to resolve the issues. 5. Click on the Terms of Service link to read Lookout Security s terms of service. 6. Click the Submit button. After clicking the submit button, a summary of your app details, the results of the security scan, and classification details about your app will appear in the window. If Lookout detects malware in your application, please contact ARO@lookout.com for additional information and support. The results of each scan can be saved by clicking the Save Result button. The history of your past app submissions can be accessed by clicking the History button which will pop up a window containing your past submissions, allowing you to select one to be retrieved and reviewed in the window View Menu The View menu contains the following selections. Selection Show Video Viewer Select Applications/IPs Select Processes Options Description Opens a window that displays the video of the activities carried out on the device while the trace data was being collected. For more information, see. Opens the Select Applications / IP Addresses dialog box that allows you to select the application and IP address that are included in the analysis. For more information, see Opens the Select Processes to View dialog box that allows you to select individual processes. The data from each selected process is included in the analysis on the Diagnostics Chart. Those that are not selected are excluded. Opens the View Options dialog box that allows you to select the events and states that will be plotted in the Diagnostics View chart Page 62 of 168

73 Show Video Viewer Table 5-14: View menu selections. Opens the AT&T ARO Image/Video Viewer and displays the video of the activities carried out on the device while the trace data was being collected. The Image/Video Viewer has the following controls at the bottom of the window. Play/Pause: Plays or pauses the video. Frame Step (Reverse): Steps one frame at a time in the reverse direction. Frame Step (Forward): Steps one frame at a time in the forward direction. Media Properties button: Displays the Media Properties dialog box with three tabs of information about the video: (General, Video, and Plug-in Settings) o o o Select Applications/IPs General Tab: Displays the location of the media file, the content type, and the duration, the current position in the file, the bit rate, and the frame rate. Video Tab: Displays the encoding, size, and frame rate of the video. Plug-in Settings Tab: Displays information about any additional plug-ins that are being used to display the video. One table allows you to select individual applications and assign colors to them. The other table allows you to select individual IP Addresses, and assign colors to them. The data from each selected application, and each selected IP Address is included in the analysis. The colors that you assign are used to mark the packet information for that specific application or IP Address on the Diagnostics Chart. The following image shows the Select Applications/IPs dialog box (please note that some information has been intentionally obscured). Page 63 of 168

74 Figure 5-4: Select Applications/IPs dialog box. When you click in any of the rows in the Color column, the following dialog appears, for selecting a color. Page 64 of 168

75 Select Time Range Figure 5-5: Color column. Display a dialog box that allows you to set a new Start time and End time for the trace analysis. This allows you to analyze a subset of the loaded trace. When you set the new start and end times, all of the analysis data in the Best Practices/Results, Overview, Diagnostics, and Statistics Tabs will display information for only your selected time range. The following image shows the Select Time Range dialog box. Page 65 of 168

76 Select Processes Figure 5-6: Select Time Range dialog box. Opens a dialog box that allows you to select individual processes. The data from each selected process will be included in the analysis on the Diagnostics Chart and those that aren t selected will be excluded. The following image shows the Select Processes to View dialog box. Page 66 of 168

77 Figure 5-7: Select Processes to View dialog box Options Displays a dialog box of View Options that allows you to select the events and states that will be plotted in the Diagnostics View chart. Page 67 of 168

78 Figure 5-8: View Options dialog box Data Collector Menu The Data Collector menu contains the following selections. Selection Start Collector Stop Collector Pull Traces Description Starts the AT&T ARO Data Collector in the Android Emulator from the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. Stops the AT&T ARO Data Collector in the Android Emulator from the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer. Retrieves the trace files from the Android Emulator (this option only appears when using the Android Emulator). Table 5-15: Data Collector menu selections. Page 68 of 168

79 5.1.6 Defect Tracking Menu The Defect Tracking menu contains the following selections for exporting results from the ARO Best Practices tests. Selection IBM Rational Team Concert HP ALM Description Opens a sub-menu that contains selections for exporting AT&T ARO Best Practice test failures to IBM Rational Team Concert. Opens a sub-menu that contains selections for exporting AT&T ARO Best Practices results to Quality Center (QC), which is part of HP Application Lifecycle Management (ALM). Table 5-16: Defect Tracking menu selections IBM Rational Team Concert Menu The options on this menu allow you to configure and make use of the integration between AT&T ARO and IBM Rational Team Concert by exporting the results of the ARO Best Practices tests to IBM Rational Team Concert where each test failure is opened as a defect. Note: You must install AT&T ARO version 3.0 or greater when using the AT&T Application Resource Optimizer plug-in for IBM Rational Team Concert. To use this export feature, do the following: 1. Install IBM Rational Team Concert 4.x from Note: The AT&T Application Resource Optimizer plug-in for IBM Rational Team Concert that facilitates this integration supports the "Server Rename" capability in IBM Rational Team Concert. 2. Configure a Project Area in IBM Rational Team Concert by selecting Options on the Export to IBM Rational Team Concert menu, and entering information in the fields. See the Options section for more information. 3. Open a trace file in the ARO Analyzer by selecting one of the options on the File menu. 4. Select Export on the Export to IBM Rational Team Concert menu. See the Export section for more information. Please refer to the following websites for information and support when using the IBM Jazz suite: Download IBM Rational Team Concert and other IBM JazzTM products at Page 69 of 168

80 For support using IBM Rational Team Concert, visit or onal_team_concert. The IBM Rational Team Concert menu contains the following selections. Selection Export Settings About Description Exports the AT&T ARO Best Practice test failures that you select or de-select from the list in a format that allows them to be converted to defects in IBM Rational Team Concert. Provides a utility for configuring a Rational Team Concert server connection and providing name and password authentication. Displays version information for the AT&T ARO plug in for IBM Rational Team Concert, and includes help and support links. Table 5-17: IBM Rational Team Concert menu selections Export This menu selection exports any failures from the ARO Best Practices tests to IBM Rational Team Concert. Before selecting Export, you must do the following: 1. Open a trace file in the ARO Analyzer by selecting one of the options on the File menu. 2. Configure your connection to Rational Team Concert by selecting Settings on this menu. For more information, see the Settings section. Note: If these steps are not completed, you will see an error message instructing you to either open a trace, or configure settings by selecting Settings. When these steps are completed and you select Export, you will see a confirmation dialog with a message that defects are ready to be exported to Rational Team Concert and a check box for each test failure so that you can select or de-select them for export. When you click the Yes button on this dialog, the AT&T ARO Plug-In for IBM Rational Team Concert will create a defect for failed Best Practice test that you selected, and you will see a progress dialog like the following: Page 70 of 168

81 Figure 5-9: Progress dialog showing test results being exported to IBM Rational Team Concert. After the defects have been successfully created in Rational Team Concert, you will see a message dialog like the following Settings Figure 5-10: Confirmation dialog showing the number of defects created in IBM Rational Team Concert. This menu selection opens the IBM Rational Team Concert Settings dialog that contains fields for providing a server URL, user name, and password, and a Configure button that lets you set the Project Area in Rational Team Concert against which the ARO defects will be filed. To the set these options, do the following: 1. Complete the following fields in the Settings dialogue that allow you to establish and authenticate a connection to a Rational Team Concert server: Server URL: Enter the Rational Team Concert URL in the form Name>:<Port>/ccmI. Page 71 of 168

82 User Name: Enter your Rational Team Concert user name. Password: Enter your Rational Team Concert password. 2. Click the Save button and you should see a Configuration details saved successfully message. 3. Click the Configure button and select a Rational Team Concert Project in the Select Project Area selection box. When you do this, the File Against selection box will be populated (see the following figure). 4. Select the Rational Team Concert project that the defects will be opened and filed against in the File Against selection box. 5. Click the Save button and you should see a Configuration details saved successfully message. 6. Click the Close button. After completing these steps, you are ready to select the Export menu option About Figure 5-11: Configuration section of the IBM Rational Team Concert Settings dialog. This menu displays version information for the AT&T ARO plug in for IBM Rational Team Concert, and includes the following help and support links: Download IBM Rational Team Concert and other IBM JazzTM products at For support using IBM Rational Team Concert, visit or onal_team_concert. Page 72 of 168

83 HP ALM Menu The options on this menu allow you to configure the integration between AT&T ARO and an HP Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) server, and export AT&T ARO Best Practices results to Quality Center (part of the HP ALM set of products). The integration between ARO and HP ALM is handled by the AT&T Application Resource Optimizer Plugin for HP Application Lifecycle Management Version 1.0. HP Application Lifecycle Management (HP ALM) is a set of software products designed for accelerating the delivery of secure, reliable, modern applications. It includes application development solutions and application testing solutions. For more information about HP ALM, see HP Application Lifecycle Management. Prerequisites: AT&T ARO version 3.2 containing the AT&T Application Resource Optimizer Plugin for HP Application Lifecycle Management Version 1.0 HP Application Lifecycle Management version To use this export feature, do the following: 1. Open the HP ALM menu and select Options to open the HP ALM Configuration dialog, and do the following: Enter the Host name and port number of the HP ALM server. Enter your name and password. 2. Click the Authenticate button. This will retrieve the domain and project names from your server and allow you to select which domain and project you wish to export to. When this is completed, click the Save button. You should see a confirmation dialog saying that the configuration has been saved successfully. 3. Open a trace file in the ARO Analyzer by selecting one of the options on the File menu. 4. Open the HP ALM menu and select Export. This will bring up the HP ALM Export Defects screen, which contains a list of ARO Best Practices test failures with check boxes next to each one. Select the failures you wish to export and enter information in the fields for each defect. These fields directly correspond to the required fields in QC (part of HP ALM) and they must be filled in for each defect. When this is completed, click the Export button and you will see a dialog that confirms how many defects were successfully exported to HP ALM. Page 73 of 168

84 5. Open the Quality Center (QC) explorer in HP ALM, click the Defects tab and you will see that a defect has been entered for each Best Practices test failure that contains the failure message for the particular test, the trace summary information, and the information for the required fields that was entered in the export window. Please refer to the following website for information and support when using the HP ALM set of products: The HP ALM menu contains the following selections. Selection Export Options About Description Exports AT&T ARO Best Practices results to Quality Center (which is part of HP ALM). Provides options for setting the IP address and port of an HP ALM server, and a domain, name and password. Displays the version number and information about the AT&T Application Resource Optimizer Plugin for HP Application Lifecycle Management, and includes a link to the HP Application Lifecycle Management Site. Table 5-18: HP ALM menu selections Export This menu selection exports AT&T ARO Best Practices results to Quality Center (QC) in HP ALM. Note: Before selecting Export, you must do the following: 1. Select Options on the HP ALM menu and successfully complete the fields in the Configuration dialog. 2. Open a trace in the ARO Analyzer. If these steps are not completed, you will see an error message instructing you to either open a trace, or configure the connection to the HP ALM server by selecting Options. If these steps are completed correctly, you will see the HP ALM Export Defects screen (shown in the following figure). This screen contains a list of the ARO Best Practices test failures for the opened trace file. You can mark the check box in the title row to select all test failures, or mark the check boxes next to each test failure to select them individually. For each failure that you wish to export, mark the check box and enter information in the fields. These fields directly correspond Page 74 of 168

85 to the required fields in QC (part of HP ALM) and they must be filled in for each defect. Table 5-19: HP ALM Export Defects screen. When this is completed, click the Export button and you will see a dialog (as in the following figure) that confirms how many defects were successfully exported to HP ALM. Table 5-20: HP ALM Export Defects confirmation dialog Options This menu selection opens the HP ALM Server Configuration dialog (shown in the following figure) which contains fields for setting the Host name (IP address) and port of an HP ALM server, and for entering your network login name and password. Once these fields have been entered, click the Authenticate button. Page 75 of 168

86 Figure 5-12: HP ALM Server Configuration dialog. When the Authenticate button has been clicked, the HP ALM Configuration dialog retrieves the domain and project names from your server and allows you to select which domain and project you wish to export to (as shown in the following figure). Note that the content of some fields in this image have been intentionally obscured. Figure 5-13: HP ALM Server Configuration dialog with domain and project fields. When the Domain and Project have been set, click the Save button and you will see a confirmation dialog like the following: About Figure 5-14: Confirmation Dialog for HP ALM Server Configuration. After completing these steps, and opening a trace file, you are ready to select the Export menu option. This menu displays version information for the AT&T Application Resource Optimizer Plugin for HP Application Lifecycle Management, and includes the following support link: Page 76 of 168

87 HP Application Lifecycle Management Site: Help Menu The Help menu contains the following selections. Selection FAQ User Guide Analysis Guide Dependencies Forum Support Downloads Learn More About Description Opens the default web browser and displays the AT&T ARO FAQs web page ( Opens the default web browser and displays the AT&T ARO User Guide web page ( Opens the default web browser and displays the Analysis Guide web page ( Displays a dialog box containing the license information for the open source libraries and binaries that are distributed within the AT&T ARO package. Opens the default web browser and displays the AT&T ARO User Forum web page ( Provides a link to log in to the AT&T Developer Program and file a ticket with ARO Support. ( Opens the default web browser and displays the AT&T ARO Downloads web page that contains links for downloading and installing the different types of ARO Data Collector. ( Opens the default web browser and displays the Learn More about AT&T ARO web page ( Displays a dialog box containing information about the AT&T ARO application including its version. Table 5-21: Help menu selections. Page 77 of 168

88 5.2 Content Tabs The AT&T ARO user interface is divided into the following tabbed sections. Tab Best Practices / Results Overview Diagnostics Statistics Waterfall Description Displays the results of the Best Practices tests that are conducted on the trace data. Displays charts and tables that present an overview of key statistical data from the trace. Displays charts and tables that present key diagnostic data from the trace. Displays charts and tables that present key statistical data from the trace. Displays a waterfall view chart of the TCP connections from the trace spread over time. The details, requests, and responses of each connection can be viewed when the chart is clicked. Table 5-22: AT&T ARO user interface tabs Best Practices/Results Tab The Best Practices / Results tab, pictured below, displays the results for all of the Best Practices tests that are conducted on the data captured in the trace files. Page 78 of 168

89 Figure 5-15: Best Practices/Results tab. When trace files are loaded into the ARO Data Analyzer, The Best Practices / Results tab contains the following pages of test results. A header panel with basic information about the trace. A Summary page that contains high-level test statistics and a trace score. A Tests Conducted page that lists all of the tests and has a basic pass/fail/warning result for each in the form of an icon. High-level results pages for the all of the tests grouped into the test categories: File Download, Connections, HTML, and Others. Each of these pages has a common header panel that shows the following information about the loaded trace files: Label Date Trace Description The date when the trace files were generated. The name of the folder containing the trace files. Page 79 of 168

90 Application(s) Name : Version Data Collector Version Device Make/Model OS/Platform Version Network Type(s) Profile The names and versions of the applications that were running when the trace data was collected. The version of the AT&T ARO Data Collector that was used to collect the trace data. The make and model of the device from which the data was collected. The operating system version or platform version of the device that the trace was captured on. The types of any networks (such as 3G or LTE) that were in use when the data was collected. The device profile that was used for the trace analysis. Table 5-23: Best Practices/Results tab common information AT&T ARO Best Practices Results Summary Page The Summary page shows the summary of results for all of the best practices tests conducted on the loaded trace files, it contains the following sections Test Statistics This section shows the following information about the loaded trace files: Label HTTPS data not analyzed Duration Total Data Transferred Energy Consumed Description The percentage of total content and the size of content, in KB, that was downloaded over HTTPS and was not analyzed. The total time, in minutes, for which the trace data was collected. The total size, in bytes, of all data packets that are transferred for the entire duration of the trace data collection. This total includes the size of the packet and the packet header. The total energy, in Joules, that is consumed during the entire duration of the trace data collection. This total includes the energy of RRC, GPS, WiFi, Bluetooth, Camera and Screen. Table 5-24: Test statistics information. Page 80 of 168

91 Trace Score This section shows the following information about the loaded trace files: Label Causes Effects Total Description A score based on a total of 500 points that indicates how well an application has implemented suggested best practices and mitigated five common causes of energy and data inefficiency. A score based on a total of 500 points that indicates how well an application has implemented suggested best practices and reduced common effects of energy and data inefficiency. A total of the scores for Causes and Effects that forms a total Trace Score based on a maximum of 1000 points. Table 5-25: Trace score information Tests Conducted This section displays a list of all the best practices tests that were conducted on the loaded trace files with one of the following icons to the left of each test name that indicates the test result status. Label Name Meaning Pass The test has passed the best practice criteria. Fail Warning Self-test The test has failed the best practice criteria. The test has failed the best practice criteria, but the test is primarily informational and not critical. The best practice test is a recommended self-test and should be conducted manually. Table 5-26: Test result icons The Best Practices tests, excluding the one marked (Self-Test), are conducted on the trace data. The tests are grouped into categories. Page 81 of 168

92 Note: When any of the best practices tests in a category fails the header for that category turns red. The category header remains green if all of the tests in that category have passed. Test Category Description Text File Compression Duplicate Content File Download File Download Tests if any text files sent by the app that were larger than 850 bytes are uncompressed. Tests if more than three files are downloaded in a duplicate manner in the loaded trace files. Cache Control File Download Tests if the amount of not expired duplicate data is greater than the amount of not changed data in the loaded trace files. Content Expiration Content Prefetching Combine JS and CSS Requests Resize Images for Mobile Minify CSS, JS, JSON and HTML Use CSS Sprites for Images Connection Opening (Self Test) Unnecessary Connections - Multiple Simultaneous Connections File Download File Download File Download File Download File Download File Download Connections Connections Tests if there is more than 10% of noncacheable data available in the loaded trace files. Tests if there is five or more user input bursts in a row in the loaded trace files. Tests if there are multiple requests for CSS or JS files occurring within 2 seconds of one another. Tests if there are any images that are 150% larger than the area specified for them. Tests if there are any files that could be minified (shrunk through the removal of whitespace). Tests for any groups of small images that are downloaded at once, which could be combined into one image using sprites. The Connection Opening test is a self-test and is not conducted automatically. Static information about connection opening is displayed for the test results. Tests if there are several bursts in a row that are not user initiated in the loaded trace files. Page 82 of 168

93 Test Category Description Inefficient Connections - Periodic Transfers Inefficient Connections - Screen Rotation Inefficient Connections - Connection Closing Problems Inefficient Connections - Offloading to WiFi when Possible 400,500 HTTP Status Response Codes 301,302 HTTP Status Response Codes Connections Connections Connections Connections Connections Connections Tests if a periodic connection is detected in the loaded trace files. Tests if the application triggers network activity when the screen orientation changes. Tests if 5% of the energy is used for TCP control in the loaded trace files. Tests if there are more than 5 large bursts in the loaded trace files. Tests if there are any HTTP response codes in the 400 range (indicating a client request error) or in the 500 range (indicating a server request error) in the loaded trace files. Tests if there are any occurrences of the HTTP status response code 301 (indicating that the URI of a requested resource has been changed permanently), and any occurrences of the HTTP status response code 302 (indicating that the URI of a requested resource has been changed temporarily) in the loaded trace files. 3 rd Party Scripts Connections Tests for files where at least 2 external scripts are being called. Asynchronous Load of JavaScript in HTML HTML Tests for any HTML files with a synchronous load of JavaScript in the HEAD. Http 1.0 Usage HTML Tests if HTTP 1.0 is seen in the header of the loaded trace files. File Order HTML Tests for any HTML files where JS is loaded immediately before CSS. Page 83 of 168

94 Test Category Description Empty Source and Link Attributes HTML Tests for the empty attributes: iframe src, href src, img src, script src, and link href, in the trace files FLASH HTML Tests for any references to the Flash player in the loaded trace files. display: none in CSS Accessing Peripheral Applications HTML Others Tests for any instances of the CSS command display:none in the trace files. Tests if any peripheral applications are seen to be ON for more than 5% of the total duration recorded in the loaded trace files. The peripheral applications checked during this test are: GPS, WiFi, Bluetooth, and camera. Table 5-27: Best Practices tests AT&T ARO Best Practices Results - File Download Category This page shows detailed information for the File Download category of tests. The tests in this category demonstrate that by reducing the usage of the network for file downloads, you can reduce the battery consumption of an app. Note: To read more in depth information about each of these tests, click the Learn More link in the About section of the test results. The following sections describe these tests in more detail Text File Compression Sending compressed files over the network will speed delivery, and unzipping files on a device is a very low overhead operation. Ensure that all your text files are compressed while being sent over the network. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Text File Compression test passes if the 0 text files sent by an app, which are larger than 850 bytes, were uncompressed, and fails if any files larger than 850 bytes were uncompressed. Results: The Results section of this test displays the total amount (in KB) of text files larger than 850 bytes that were sent without compression, and includes a table of the uncompressed files that were detected. When you click on a file in the table, it takes you to the Diagnostics Chart with the time position in that chart set to the time when that file was sent. Page 84 of 168

95 Duplicate Content This test measures duplicate content. Excess duplicate content means that content was downloaded multiple times, which leads to slower applications and wasted bandwidth. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Duplicate Content test passes if less than 3 items were downloaded in a duplicate manner, and fails if 3 or more items were downloaded in a duplicate manner. Results: Cache Control The Results section of this test displays an expandable table that lists the size, name, and number of instances for each duplicated item. The results also show the total number of duplicated items, and the percentage of total content that was duplicated. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the Duplicate Content table of the Overview tab for further details. This test measures the presence of cache headers. For all content that should be stored in the cache the best practice is to make sure that your server is adding the appropriate cache headers. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Cache Control test passes if the data in the application is populated with cache headers, and fails with a warning if there were not enough cache headers present in the data. Results: The Results section of this test displays the percentage of files that did not have cache headers. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the HTTP Cache Statistics section of the Statistics tab for further details Content Expiration This test compares the number of "304 not modified" requests versus files that should be cached but were downloaded multiple times. When the amount of not expired duplicate data is greater than the amount of not changed data (data for which a 304 response is received), it s an indication that the app may not be using the directives and expiration times in the HTTP 1.0 expiration model correctly. Page 85 of 168

96 Pass/Fail Criteria: The Content Expiration test passes if the amount of not expired duplicate data is less than the amount of not changed data, and indicates a warning if the opposite is true. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of duplicate files with not expired cache headers and the number of not changed data 304 responses. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the HTTP Cache Statistics section of the Statistics tab for further details Content Pre-fetching This test measures multiple user input bursts all in a row. Prefetching may help speed up an app in these situations. Downloading files "as needed" can slow the user experience. If a user scrolls through the main screen of your application and has to wait for images to load, the application appears slow. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Content Expiration test passes if the files in the trace seem to be downloaded in reasonable bursts, and fails if there are five or more user input bursts in a row. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of user input bursts in a row. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the Burst chart in the Diagnostics tab for further details Combine JS and CSS Requests Multiple requests for separate files of the same type can slow the loading of a page. Whenever possible, files of the same type, such as JavaScript and CSS, should be combined into as few files as is practical for an app to reduce the number of requests, and thus reducing the latency to render the webpage. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Combine JS and CSS Requests test passes if there are not multiple requests for CSS files within 2 seconds or multiple requests for JavaScript files within 2 seconds, and fails if there are multiple requests for CSS or JavaScript within 2 seconds. Results: Page 86 of 168

97 The Results section of this test displays the number of multiple requests for CSS files within 2 seconds and the number of multiple requests for JavaScript files within 2 seconds Resize Images for Mobile Images that are not correctly sized for mobile can cause extreme delays in rendering. Before content is delivered to a mobile device, it should be resized to fit the available display area. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Resize Images for Mobile test passes if there are no image files that are 150% larger than the display area specified for them, and fails if any images are detected that are 150% larger that the display area specified for them. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of image files that are 150% larger than the area specified for them and contains a table of files that should be resized. When you click on any of the files in the table, you will see the Diagnostics Chart with the time position set to the time when that file was sent Minify CSS, JS, JSON and HTML Many text files contain excess whitespace to allow for better human coding. These files should be run through a minifier to remove whitespace in order to reduce file size. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Minify CSS, JS, JSON and HTML test passes if there were no files detected which could have been minified, and fails if there are files detected that could have been minfied and were not. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of text files that could be minified and contains an expandable table that lists the file name and shows the number of bytes and the percentage of total bytes that could be saved by minifying each of the files. When you click on any of the files in the table, you will see the Diagnostics Chart with the time position set to the time when that file was sent. Page 87 of 168

98 Use CSS Sprites for Images Small images can be combined into Sprites, and then rendered with CSS. This will reduce the number of HTTP requests and speed the loading of your app. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Use CSS Sprites for Images test passes if there are no groups of images detected that could be combined into sprites and fails if there are groups of images detected that could be combined into sprites. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of small groups of images that are being downloaded individually in close succession and could be grouped into one image using sprites. The results also display a table showing information about these image files. When you click on any of the files in the table, you will see the Diagnostics Chart with the time position set to the time when that file was sent AT&T ARO Best Practices Results - Connections Category This page shows detailed information for the Connections category of tests. The tests in this category demonstrate that by optimizing how you use the device's radio, you can speed the delivery of content and reduce the battery consumption or your app. The following sections describe the details that are displayed for the tests in this category Connection Opening Test The Connection Opening test is a self-test and is not conducted automatically. This test helps ensure that connections are opened properly. Some connection startups consist of an input burst, followed by a series of bursts spread out over time which can dramatically slow down the application's response time and waste energy on the device. This is a self test. Pass/Fail Criteria: This test is informational and does not have pass/fail criteria. Results: The Results section of this test displays the following message: If you see many application-initiated bursts, consider a transaction manager to group these more closely together. Page 88 of 168

99 Unnecessary Connections Multiple Simultaneous Connections Test This test measures bursts that could be more tightly grouped. Syncing all of your data connections can help reduce the amount of time your application is on the network, reducing the battery drain. That will also make your content appear to load faster to the user. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Unnecessary Connections Multiple Simultaneous Connections test passes if the non user-initiated bursts in the trace are grouped together tightly, and fails if there are several bursts in a row that are not user initiated in the loaded trace files. For example: 3 bursts in 15 seconds or 4 bursts in 1 minute. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of sets of bursts that could be more tightly grouped. When you click on the bursts link in this information, you will be directed to the burst chart in the Diagnostics tab which will show the burst group with the highest number of bursts Inefficient Connections - Periodic Transfers This test helps ensure that your periodic connections are truly needed for the customer, which if not handled properly could cause excessive power drain. The Inefficient Connections - Periodic Transfer test is conducted by checking to see if any periodic connections are detected in the loaded trace files. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Inefficient Connections - Periodic Transfer test passes if no periodic transfers are detected, and fails if a group of repeated connections that happen regularly but not at exact intervals (indicating periodic transfers) is detected. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of different connections that were repeated, the number of repetitions, and the minimum repeat time. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the TCP flow table in the Diagnostics tab which highlights the TCP connection for the first periodic connection of the shortest period Inefficient Connections - Screen Rotation Test This test tracks screen rotation, to see if the app is pinging the server on orientation changes, or actually completely retransmit content. If you see this in Page 89 of 168

100 your trace - consider a new layout for existing content (rather than re-download) or sending the orientation change later as a part of a larger data transmission. The Inefficient Connections - Screen Rotation test is conducted by checking to see if the application triggers network activity when the screen orientation changes. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Inefficient Connections Screen Rotation test passes if no screen rotations were recorded, or the screen rotations did not trigger network activity, and fails if a screen rotation was detected that triggered network activity. Results: The Results section of this test displays the address of the network connection that occurred when the screen was rotated. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the Diagnostics tab Inefficient Connections - Connection Closing Problems Test This test checks that connections are closed promptly by looking for the amount of energy that comes from delayed close bursts. If connections are not effectively closed with the last data transfer, the server timeout can turn the radio on just to close your connections, which wastes power and bandwidth. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Inefficient Connections - Connection Closing Problems test passes if less than 5% of the radio energy in the trace comes from delayed close bursts, and it fails if at least 5% of the radio energy in the trace comes from delayed close bursts. Results: The Results section of this test displays the amount of energy that was used to close connections: When you click on this information, you will be directed to the burst chart in the Diagnostics tab which will show the largest TCP control burst Inefficient Connections - Offloading to WiFi when Possible Test This test checks to see if there are more than 5 large bursts in the trace. This indicates that you are transmitting large chunks of data. When this occurs you may consider offloading to WiFi when appropriate. Pass/Fail Criteria: Page 90 of 168

101 The Inefficient Connections - Offloading to WiFi when Possible test passes if there are not more than 5 large bursts in the loaded trace files, and fails with a warning if there are at least 5 large bursts. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of bursts with high amounts of data in the trace. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the burst chart in the Diagnostics tab which will show the largest burst , 500 HTTP Status Response Codes HTTP status response codes in the 4xx range indicate a client request error, and 5xx codes indicate a server error. There should be zero such errors in your application. Pass/Fail Criteria: The 400, 500 HTTP Status Response Codes test passes if there are no 4xx or 5xx HTTP status response codes detected during the trace, and fails if they are detected. Results: The Results section of this test displays an expandable table that lists the number and name of all 4xx and 5xx status response codes that were detected during the trace, as well as the time, domain name, and file name of the content that triggered the error code. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the Request/Response View of the TCP Flows chart in the Diagnostics tab where the response containing the error will be highlighted , 302 HTTP Status Response Codes Redirects (indicated by HTTP status response codes 301 and 302) are an easy way to switch users to different versions of your data. However, redirects also add significant latency to your application. Use with care. Pass/Fail Criteria: The 301, 302 HTTP Status Response Codes test passes if there are no 301 or 302 HTTP status response codes detected during the trace, and fails if there are 301 or 302 HTTP status response codes detected. Results: The Results section of this test displays an expandable table that lists the number and name of all 301 and 302 status response codes that were detected Page 91 of 168

102 during the trace as well as the time, domain name, and file name of the content that triggered the error code. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the Request/Response View of the TCP Flows chart in the Diagnostics tab where the response containing the error will be highlighted rd Party Scripts Connecting to 3rd party content can create slowdowns in your app. If these external files fail to load, you can have a huge effect on the customer experience and load times. Consider loading these in an asynchronous manner. Pass/Fail Criteria: The 3rd Party Scripts test passes if there are no pages with at least two external scripts being called in the application, and fails if a page is found with at least two external scripts being called. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of pages with at least two external scripts being called. Clicking on the number of instances, displays the Diagnostics Chart with the first file containing at least two external scripts highlighted ARO Best Practices Results HTML Category This page shows detailed information for the HTML category of tests. The tests in this category demonstrate that optimizing your HTTP connectivity can further reduce your application's battery consumption. The following sections describe the details that are displayed for the tests in this category Asynchronous Load of JavaScript in HTML JavaScript loading blocks parallel downloads, and files downloaded in the HEAD of your HTML will block the rendering of your HTML. If you must load JavaScript in the HEAD load asynchronously. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Asynchronous Load of JavaScript in HTML test passes if all JavaScript files are loaded asynchronously in the HEAD of the HTML files, and fails if at least one HTML file was loading JavaScript synchronously in the HEAD. Results: Page 92 of 168

103 The Results section of this test displays a table of all HTML files where JavaScript was not loaded asynchronously: When you click on any of the files, you will see the Diagnostics Chart with the time position set to the time when that file was sent HTTP 1.0 Usage Test The HTTP 1.0 Usage test is conducted by checking if HTTP 1.0 is detected in the headers of any application files in the loaded trace. This test is just review to make sure you are using HTTP 1.1, which allows multiple items to be downloaded per connection, which is more efficient for your app. Pass/Fail Criteria: The HTTP 1.0 Usage test passes if HTTP 1.0 is not detected in the headers of the application files, and fails with a warning if HTTP 1.0 is detected. Results: File Order The Results section of this test displays the number of files containing HTTP 1.0 headers: When you click on this information, you will see the Diagnostics Chart with the time position set to the time when that file was sent. In the HEAD of your HTML, CSS files should always be loaded before JavaScript files to ensure that the rendering and loading of your page is not blocked while the JavaScript file loads. Pass/Fail Criteria: The File Order test passes if all commands to load CSS come before commands to load JavaScript in the HEAD of your HTML files, and fails if any JavaScript files are loaded before CSS files. Results: The Results section of this test displays a table of all HTML files where JavaScript is loaded immediately before CSS Empty Source and Link Attributes Many browsers will attempt to connect and download a file even if there is no URL in the HTML tag for the download command. This can cause delays in the loading of a page. The most common tags and attributes that cause this problem Page 93 of 168

104 FLASH when the URLs are empty are, iframe src, href src, img src, script src, and link href. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Empty Source and Link Attributes test passes if there are no empty iframe src, href src, img src, script src, or link href attributes in the HTML tags in the application files, and fails if at least one empty source or link attribute is found in an HTML tag. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of files that contain an empty source or link attribute in an HTML tag. Clicking on the number of files, displays the Diagnostics Chart with the first instance of a file containing an error, highlighted. The Android and ios platforms do not support Flash. Therefore, Flash content is unreadable to most users. Consider using an HTML5 video player instead. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Flash test passes if no references to the Flash player were found in the application files, and fails if there are Flash references. Results: The Results section of this test displays the number of instances of Flash content that were found in the app. Clicking on the number of instances, displays the Diagnostics Chart with the first file containing a reference to the Flash player highlighted Display: None in CSS The CSS rule display:none is used to hide html objects from being shown on a page. However, this does not prevent the objects from being downloaded to the mobile device. These extra objects (that are never displayed to the user) will slow down your app and waste data. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Display: None in CSS test passes if no instances of the CSS command display:none were found in the app files, and fails if any display:none commands were found. Results: Page 94 of 168

105 The Results section of this test displays the number of files containing the CSS command display:none", and displays a table of these files. Clicking a row on the table takes you to the TCP flow in the Diagnostic tab ARO Best Practices Results Others Category This page shows detailed information for the Others category of tests. The test in this category demonstrates that reducing the usage of device peripherals can further reduce the battery consumption of your app. The following section describes the details that are displayed for the test in this category Accessing Peripheral Applications Test The Accessing Peripheral Applications test is conducted by checking if any peripheral applications are seen to be ON for more than 5% of the total duration recorded in the loaded trace files. This test reviews accessing device hardware applications like cameras, GPS, Bluetooth, speakers and WiFi, which can drain the battery. That's not a problem if your app is utilizing those peripherals, but many apps access peripherals they never utilize. Pass/Fail Criteria: The Accessing Peripheral Applications test passes if none of the peripheral applications is seen to be ON for more than 5% of the total duration of the trace, and it fails with a warning if a peripheral application is on for more than 5% of the total duration of the trace. Results: Overview Tab The Results section of this test displays the percentage of total trace time that each of the following peripheral applications were active: GPS, Bluetooth, or Camera. When you click on this information, you will be directed to the peripherals chart in the Diagnostics tab for further details. The Overview Tab displays charts and tables that summarize the data in the loaded trace files. The top part of the tab contains the following information: Date: The date when the trace files were generated. Trace: The name of the folder containing the trace files. Page 95 of 168

106 Network Type: The type of network, like 3G or LTE, which was in use when the data was collected. Profile: The profile that was used for the trace analysis. Total Bytes: The total number of bytes in the trace, The three charts in the top section of the Overview Tab provide high level information about the type of content, energy usage compared with benchmark traces, and the number and type of connections used. The tables in the bottom section of the Overview Tab list, and allow the user to drill into, duplicate content, accessed domains, and the TCP sessions in the accessed domains. The following sections describe each of the charts and tables in the Overview Tab in more detail File Types Chart The File Types chart plots the percentage of the various file types found in the trace data. Figure 5-16: File Types chart. Page 96 of 168

107 Trace Benchmarking Chart The Trace Benchmarking chart plots the average data rate, energy efficiency, and signaling overhead of the loaded trace, as a percentage, compared with a set of sample benchmark traces Connection Statistics Figure 5-17: Trace Benchmarking chart. The Connection Statistics chart plots the percentage of the various types of session terminations based on the data captured in the trace. Four types of session terminations are plotted: Proper session termination, tightly grouped connection, periodic bursts connection, and large burst connection. Figure 5-18: Connection Statistics chart. The Connection Statistics chart contains the following fields: Field Description Page 97 of 168

108 Field Proper session termination Tightly grouped connection Non-Periodic Burst connection Large Burst connection Description If the amount of time between the last data packet and the data packet that signaled the TCP session termination is less than or equal to 1 sec, then the session termination is represented as proper session termination. In the session termination plot, the sessions are displayed as a percentage of the total number of TCP sessions. If 3 bursts occur in less than 15 seconds or 4 bursts occur in less than 60 seconds then those sets of bursts are referred to a tightly grouped connection. In the session termination plot, these bursts are displayed as a percentage of the total number of bursts. If the Internet Addresses, host names, or object names are not the same for the packets in a set burst over a period of time, then those bursts are considered nonperiodic bursts. In the session termination plot, these bursts are displayed as a percentage of the total number of bursts. If the burst duration is more than 5 seconds then that burst is considered a large burst. In the session termination plot, these bursts are displayed as a percentage of the total number of bursts. Table 5-28: Connection Statistics chart fields Duplicate Content Table The Duplicate Content table lists the files that have been identified as duplicate content. By default, the table is sorted by content type, and includes columns for the file name, the time at which the file was downloaded, and the size of the file. The table can be sorted on any of the columns by clicking the title of the column. The content of the files can be viewed or saved, by selecting the file and clicking the View or Save As buttons on the right side of the table. Note: The Duplicate Content table supports the following mouse actions: Right click: Allows you to export the Duplicate Content table data in the CSV format. Double-click: Navigates to the TCP/UDP Flows Table in the Diagnostics tab where you can view the TCP or UDP information for the selected duplicate content. The selected duplicate content will be indicated by highlighted type. The Duplicate Content table contains the following columns. Page 98 of 168

109 Column Duplicate Content Type Time File Name File Size (bytes) Description One of the following types of duplicate content: ORIGINAL_FILE OBJDUP_NOT_EXPIRED OBJDUP_NOT_CHANGED_SERVER OBJDUP_NOT_CHANGED_CLIENT OBJDUP_PARTIAL_NOT_CHANGED_SERVER OBJDUP_PARTIAL_NOT_CHANGED_CLIENT OBJDUP_PARTIAL_NOT_EXPIRED The timestamp for this occurrence of the duplicate content. The name of the duplicate file. The size of the duplicate file in bytes. Table 5-29: Duplicate Content table columns Accessed Domains Table The Accessed Domains table contains details about each domain that was accessed during the trace. The details include the name of the accessed domain, the number of TCP sessions that were used to access the domain, the average TCP session length, and the number of files downloaded from the domain. The table can be sorted on any of the columns by clicking the title of the column. When a domain in this table is selected, the Domain TCP Sessions table is populated with information about the TCP sessions that were used when accessing that domain. Note: The Accessed Domains table supports the following mouse actions: Left click: Refreshes the Domain TCP Session table with the appropriate TCP session information for the row that is clicked. Right click: Allows you to export the Accessed Domains table data in the CSV format. The Accessed Domains table contains the following columns. Column Domain Name TCP Sessions Description The list of domain names that are captured in the loaded trace files. These domain names are application independent, and may have occurred in the browser app or any other application. The count of TCP sessions for the corresponding domain name. Page 99 of 168

110 Column Average Session Length (sec) Files Downloaded Description The average session length in seconds. This average is calculated by dividing the total TCP session time (the difference between the session end time and the session start time) by the size of the session for this particular domain name. The number of files downloaded for the domain name session. Table 5-30: Accessed Domains table Domain TCP Sessions Table The Domain TCP Sessions table contains the collection of TCP Session information for the currently selected domain name in the Accessed Domains table and refreshes each time a new domain name is selected in that table. The details about each session include the time when the session occurred, the remote IP address, the local port, the session length, the number of bytes that were transmitted during the session, and the session closing details. The table can be sorted on any of the columns by clicking the title of the column. Note: The Domain TCP Sessions table supports the following mouse actions: Right click: Allows you to export the Domain TCP Sessions table data in the CSV format. Double-click: Navigates to the TCP/UDP Flows Table in the Diagnostics tab where you can view the TCP flow information for the selected Domain TCP session. The selected TCP information will be indicated by highlighted type. The Domain TCP Sessions table contains the following columns. Column Time Remote IP Address Local Port Session Length (sec) Bytes Transmitted Session Close Delay (sec) Description The time stamp of the Domain TCP Session. The Remote IP Address of the Domain TCP Session. The Local port value of the Domain TCP Session. The session length, in seconds, of the Domain TCP Session. The session length is the difference between the starting time stamp and the ending time stamp for the session. The number of bytes transmitted during the Domain TCP session. The session termination delay, in seconds, of the Domain TCP Session. Page 100 of 168

111 Column Closed By Description Indicates whether the Client or the Server closed the Domain TCP Session. The Closed By value can be Client, Server, or Status Unknown, and is determined by the session packet direction. Table 5-31: The Domain TCP Sessions table Diagnostics Tab The Diagnostics tab plots data from the loaded trace files and displays it in the Diagnostics chart. Detailed information is displayed in the TCP/UDP Flows Table, which has additional Tabs for three different views into to the TCP or UDP data. Page 101 of 168

112 Figure 5-19: Diagnostics chart. The top part of the Diagnostics section contains the following information: Date: The date when the trace files were generated. Trace: The name of the folder containing the trace files. Total Bytes: The total number of bytes in the trace. Network type: The type of network, like 3G or LTE, which was in use when the data was collected. Page 102 of 168

113 Profile: The profile that was used for the trace analysis. The following sections describe the information displayed in the Diagnostics chart and the TCP/UDP Flows Table Diagnostics Chart The Diagnostics chart displays the graph data with an X-axis that shows the timeline of the trace, and a Y-axis that shows the labels of the information being plotted. As you view the chart, you can use the buttons on the right side of the chart to Refresh the chart, Zoom In and Zoom Out sections of the chart, and Save a snapshot of the chart. The chart plots the following information if it is present in the trace. (The default information options are marked in italics and the label that appears on the chart is listed in parenthesis when it is different from the label in the Options dialog box.) GPS State Signal Strength Bluetooth state Camera state Screen state Battery State WiFi state TCP Throughput (Throughput) Uplink Packets (Packets UL) Downlink Packets (Packets DL) Bursts User Input RRC States Network Type Wakelock State CPU Usage Alarm Triggered Page 103 of 168

114 Use the following procedure to configure the items that are plotted on the Diagnostics chart. 2. Select Options in the View menu. 3. Mark the checkboxes for the items to be plotted (Figure 5-13, and then click the OK button GPS State Plot Figure 5-20: View Options dialog box. The following sections describe in detail the different types of information that are plotted on the Diagnostics Chart. The GPS State plot shows the variation in GPS states over the duration of the trace. When you place the tool tip over the plot, the GPS state at that point in time is displayed, along with the beginning time of the state. Page 104 of 168

115 The following table describes the GPS states and how they appear in the plot. GPS State GPS Active GPS Standby GPS Off Description The GPS receiver is turned on and is fixing the location. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. The GPS receiver is turned on but is in standby mode. Energy consumption during this state is low. This state is colored yellow in the plot. The GPS receiver is turned off. Table 5-32: GPS states Signal Strength Plot The Signal Strength plot shows the variation in radio signal strength (expressed in Dbm) over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the junction points in the plot, the signal strength at that point in time is displayed Bluetooth State Plot The Bluetooth State plot shows the variation in Bluetooth states over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the Bluetooth state at that point in time is displayed, along with the beginning time of the state. The following table describes the Bluetooth states and how they appear in the plot. Bluetooth State Bluetooth Connected Bluetooth Standby Bluetooth Off Description The Bluetooth is turned on and the device is paired with another device for data transfer. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. The Bluetooth is turned on but the device is not paired with another device. Energy consumption during this state is low. This state is colored yellow in the plot. The Bluetooth is turned off. Table 5-33: Bluetooth states Camera State Plot The Camera State plot shows the variation in camera states over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the camera state at that point in time is displayed, along with the beginning time of the state. Page 105 of 168

116 The following table describes the camera states and how they appear in the plot. Camera State Camera On Camera Off Description The Camera is turned on. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. The Camera is turned off. Table 5-34: Camera states Screen State Plot The Screen State plot shows the variation in screen states over the duration of the trace. The following table describes the screen states and how they appear in the plot. Screen State Screen On Screen Off Description The Screen is active. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. When you place the tooltip over this state in the plot, the screen time out value (in seconds) and the brightness (in %) are displayed. The device is in sleep mode. Table 5-35: Screen states Battery State Plot The Battery State plot shows the variation in battery level over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the battery level, battery temperature, and battery connection status are displayed WiFi State Plot The WiFi State plot shows the variation in WiFi states over the duration of the trace. The following table describes the WiFi states and how they appear in the plot. WiFi State WiFi Connecting WiFi Connected Description The device is trying to connect to a WiFi network. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. The device is connected to a WiFi network. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. Page 106 of 168

117 WiFi State WiFi Disconnecting WiFi Standby WiFi Suspended WiFi Off WiFi Unknown State Description The device is disconnecting from a WiFi network. Energy consumption during this state is high. This state is colored green in the plot. The device is disconnected from WiFi network. Energy consumption during this state is low. This state is colored yellow in the plot. A WiFi network was disconnected unexpectedly. Energy consumption during this state is low. This state is colored yellow in the plot. WiFi is disabled in the device. The WiFi is in an unknown state. Table 5-36: WiFi states. For all states except the WiFi Connected state, the tooltip over the plot displays the WiFi state at that point in time, along with the beginning time of the state. For the WiFi Connected State, the tool tip also shows the Mac Address, Radio Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) and Service set identifier (SSID) along with the state detail Throughput Plot The Throughput plot shows the variation in network traffic (expressed in kbps) over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the throughput kbps at that point in time is displayed. Note that the higher the throughput, the higher the energy consumption Packets Uplink Plot The Packets UL plot shows the packets that were uploaded (uplinked) in the TCP sessions over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the following information is displayed: Packet Info: Packet ID, packet timestamp, and Application name. TCP Session Info: Begin time, end time, remote IP address, remote port, local port. HTTP Info: File name, content length, and content type. Page 107 of 168

118 Packets Downlink Plot The Packets DL plot shows the packets that were downloaded (down linked) in the TCP sessions over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the following information is displayed: Packet Info: Packet ID, packet timestamp, and Application name TCP Session Info: Begin time, end time, remote IP address, remote port, local port HTTP Info: File name, content length, and content type Burst Plot A burst consists of consecutive packets transferred in a batch. The Burst plot shows the various types of bursts that occurred over the duration of the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the burst type, a message, the packet count, the total bytes, and the throughput (in kbps) are displayed. The following table describes the burst categories and how they appear in the plot. Burst Type TcpControl TcpLossRecoverOr Dup UserInput ScreenRotation App SvrNetDelay Description This category of burst is colored blue in the chart plot, and displays the tooltip message: TcpControl: Traffic that is delayed from a previous burst. This category of burst is colored black in the chart plot, and displays the tooltip message: TcpLossRecover: Traffic that has been resent due to long delay. This category of burst is colored green in the chart plot, and displays the tooltip message: UserInput: Traffic initiated after a User Input event. This category denotes a burst caused by the rotation of the device. It displays the following tooltip message: Screen Rotation: This traffic was initiated by a rotation of the device. This category of burst is colored red in the chart plot, and displays the tooltip message: App: Traffic initiated by the client. This category of burst is colored yellow in the plot, and displays the tooltip message: SvrNetDelay: Traffic initiated by the server. Page 108 of 168

119 Burst Type LargeBurst Periodical UserDefined Unknown Description If a burst duration is more than 5 seconds, then that burst is considered to be a long (or large) burst. This category of burst is colored gray in the chart plot, and displays the tooltip message: LargeBurst: Traffic in a large burst (configurable in settings). Note: The tooltip refers to the fact that the length and size thresholds for what is considered to be a long/large burst can be configured using the Customize dialog in the Profile menu. If the Internet Addresses, or the host names, or object names are the same for the packets in a set burst over a period of time, then those bursts are considered periodic bursts. This category of burst is colored purple/pink in the chart plot, and displays the tooltip message: Periodical: Traffic that has a distinct periodic pattern. These are user defined bursts. This category of burst is colored magenta in the chart plot. This category denotes an unknown type of burst. Table 5-37: Burst categories User Input Plot The User Input plot shows the various user input events that have occurred over the duration of the trace. When you place the mouse pointer over the plot, a tooltip displays one of the following messages describing the user input event that occurred at that point in time: Screen Touch Power Button Volume Up Volume Down Ball Key Home Key Menu Key Back Key Search Key Green Key Page 109 of 168

120 Red Key Key Press/Screen Touch Screen Orientation Changed to Landscape Screen Orientation Changed to Portrait Unknown event RRC States Plot The Radio Resource Control (RRC) States plot shows the variation in RRC states over the duration of the trace. The states are determined by calculating the battery usage when network packets are received. When you place the mouse pointer over the plot, a tooltip displays the RRC state that occurred at that point in time. The following table describes the RRC states, and how they appear in the plot. Note: DCH stands for dedicated channel, FACH stands for forward access channel, and CR stands for Continuous Reception. RRC State IDLE DCH (Active) DCH TAIL FACH (Standby) FACH TAIL PROMOTION IDLE->DCH (Active) Description Indicates the radio is off. This state is colored yellow in the chart plot. It indicates that the radio is in a high data, high radio energy, and high bandwidth mode which allows maximum throughput. This state is colored with a yellow cross hatch pattern in the chart plot. It indicates that the radio is in a high throughput, high bandwidth state, but no packets are being sent. This state is colored green in the chart plot. It Indicates that the radio is in low power state. Signaling packets may be sent, but content requires transition to DCH. This state is colored with a green cross hatch pattern in the chart plot. It indicates that the radio is in a low power state with no traffic. Transition from IDLE to DCH (Active) state. This state is represented by a red triangle in the chart plot. It indicates the radio switching from off to a high power state. Page 110 of 168

121 RRC State PROMOTION FACH (Standby)- >DCH (Active) LTE IDLE LTE PROMOTION LTE CONTINUOUS LTE CR TAIL LTE DRX SHORT LTE DRX LONG WIFI ACTIVE WIFI TAIL WIFI IDLE Description Transition from FACH (Standby) to DCH (Active) state. This state is represented by a red polygon in the chart plot. It indicates switching from low power state to the high power state. Indicates that the radio is in an idle state, with occasional pings to the network for data. Transition from IDLE to the Continuous Reception state. This indicates the time and power associated with the radio switching from idle to active. Continuous Reception is the time of active packet transfer. High throughput high energy data transfer. Energy here is indicated as constant, but it does vary based on throughput. Continuous Reception Tail is the Inactivity timer after packets are sent, prior to DRX. The Short DRX state indicates that the radio is in a high bandwidth, high energy state, looking for packets. The Long DRX state is the LTE Tail. It indicates that the radio is in a high bandwidth, high energy state, looking for packets. The WiFi transmitter is at full power - sending and receiving information. The WiFi Tail state is an inactivity timer after packets are sent. The Radio is in an idle state, with a small trickle of power usage. Table 5-38: Radio Resource Control (RRC) states Network Type Plot The Network Type plot indicates how long the device has been connected to a particular network type, or if the network type has changed during the trace. The network types that are identified include GPRS, UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA, HSPAP, HSUPA, and LTE. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the number of seconds that the device has been connected to the current network type at that point in the trace, is displayed. Page 111 of 168

122 Wakelock State Plot The Wakelock State plot indicates whether the device is in the wake state (active for user input) or the lock state during the trace. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the number of times the wakelock state has been changed from the plot point to the beginning of the trace is displayed CPU Usage Plot The CPU Usage plot indicates the percentage of CPU usage for each process that is selected in the Select Processes to View dialog box. Although the CPU Usage percentages for all the processes can be viewed at once, this chart plot is most useful when only one process is selected or when a small number of processes are selected, because the changes between the data points is more clearly visible. When you place the tooltip over the plot, you will see the total percentage of CPU usage for all processes listed first followed by the name of each selected process and the percentage of CPU that it is using, as in the following image: Figure 5-21: CPU Usage chart. Note: It is possible that the percentages for individual processes may not always add up to the total percentage. This is because the process called top is a command that pulls the information from different locations that may not be completely in sync Alarm Triggered Plot The Alarm Triggered plot indicates when an application has triggered an alarm. When you place the tooltip over the plot, the type and timestamp of the alarm, the name of the application that triggered it, and the number of times it repeated, is displayed. Page 112 of 168

123 TCP/UDP Flows Table The Content Tabs appears below the Diagnostics Chart. When the Diagnostics Chart is clicked, the row of TCP or UDP session data corresponding to that point in the trace is highlighted in the TCP/UDP Flows table. To narrow the trace data that appears in the Diagnostics Chart by selecting individual rows of TCP or UDP data, select or de-select the check box next to that row. By clicking the check box in the title row, you can select or deselect all of the TCP and UDP data. Figure 5-22: TCP/UDP Flows table. The TCP/UDP Flows table contains the following columns of information: Column Time Application Domain Name Local port Remote IP Endpoint Description The amount of time (in seconds) from the beginning of the trace, when this request was made. The name of the client application that is making the request. The name of the domain to which the request is being made. The local port through which the request is being made The IP address of the domain on which these requests are being listened for. Page 113 of 168

124 Column Remote Port Number Byte Count Packet Count TCP/UDP Description The number of the remote port (on the domain) through which the request is being received. The number of bytes in the TCP/UDP flow. The number of packets in the request. Indicates whether the TCP or UDP protocol was used. Table 5-39: CP Flows table columns. When a row in the TCP/UDP Flows table is clicked, detailed information is displayed in the table below it, using one of three different views: Request/Response View (The default view) Packet View Content View These views are selected by clicking the tabs above the table where the information is displayed. The following sections describe the information in each of the three views Request/Response View The Request/Response View tab displays the request/responses associated with the selected row highlighted in the TCP/UDP Flows Table, as in the following example. Figure 5-23: Request/Response View tab. The column headings in the Request/Response View have different meanings (separated by a / in the column name) depending on whether the row contains a request or a response. The following table describes the columns when the row represents a request. Column Time Description The time of the REQUEST, in seconds, from the beginning of the trace. Page 114 of 168

125 Column Direction Req Type Host Name Object Name On Wire HTTP Compression Description The direction of the TCP flow. The value of this field will be REQUEST when the row represents a request. One of the following HTTP Request Types: GET, PUT, POST, or DELETE. The host name for the HTTP Request. The name of the object requested from the host. The number of bytes on the wire during this REQUEST. This column is only used for RESPONSES. Table 5-40: Request/Response View for a request. The following image and corresponding table describes the columns when the row represents a response. Figure 5-24: Request/Response View for a response. Column Time: Direction Description The time of the response, in seconds, from the beginning of the trace. The direction of the TCP flow: The value of this field will be RESPONSE when the row represents a response. Page 115 of 168

126 Column Status Description The status of the response. One of the following values: Cod e 200 OK Description 201 Created 202 Accepted 204 No Content 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 402: Payment Required 403 Forbidden 404 Not found Content Type Content Length On Wire HTTP Compression The content type of the response which consists of a pair of values (type/subtype) representing the internet media type Some examples of content types (and their meanings) are: text/plain (simple text messages), text/html (html document), text/css (cascading style sheet), image/gif (GIF Image), image/jpeg (JPEG Image), application/json (JSON data object). The length, in bytes, of the response The number of bytes on the wire during this response. If the RESPONSE contains a text file, this column indicates if HTTP compression was used or if there was none. Table 5-41: Request/Response View for a response Viewing and Saving Response Data When a row containing a response is selected in the Request/Response View, the following buttons are available. (Note that these buttons are not available for requests. Button View Description The View button allows the user to view the response object: For an image, the image will be displayed. For text/html, the html will be displayed. For application/json, the JSON object will be displayed. Page 116 of 168

127 Button Save As Description The Save As button allows the user to save the object as a file in the specified directory. Table 5-42: Request/Response View buttons. The following examples show how different types of data objects in a Response can be viewed or saved. Example 1: Displaying an image. Clicking on the View button displays the data object in the response. If the data object is an image, it will be displayed in the Content viewer like the following figure: Page 117 of 168

128 Figure 5-25: Example of displaying an image. Example 2: Displaying text, HTML, or JSON. If the data object is a text, HTML, or JSON it will be displayed in the Content viewer like the following figure: Page 118 of 168

129 Figure 5-26: Example of displaying text, HTML, or JSON. Viewing an object that cannot be displayed. If the object cannot be displayed, an error message will indicate that the content was unable to be viewed because it may be corrupted. Example 4: Saving the object in a file Clicking on the Content Tabs button displays a dialog box that allows you to save the object to a different location. Page 119 of 168

130 Packet View Figure 5-27: Saving an object to a file. When a row in the TCP/UDP Flows Table is selected, the AT&T ARO Data Analyzer Reference displays a table that shows information about the individual packets associated with the selected TCP or UDP flow as shown in the following figure. Page 120 of 168

131 Figure 5-28: Packet view. The following table describes the columns of data in the Packet View. Page 121 of 168

132 Column ID Time Direction Type Payload Length TCP Flags Description An integer value that uniquely identifies each packet within the trace. The time, in seconds, from the beginning of the trace The packet direction. One of the following values: UPLINK (The packet is sent up to the server), DOWNLINK (The packet is sent down from the server/host), UNKNOWN (The packet direction cannot be determined). Indicates the type of packet. One of the following values: OPEN_CONN (A packet that opens a connection), ACK (An acknowledgement packet), DATA (A data packet). The length of the payload (the data being sent in the packet) in bytes. Each letter in this field represents a different TCP flag associated with the packet. More than one flag can be associated with a packet. The possible flags are: A - Ack; P - Push; R - Reset, S - Synchronize, F - Finish/End, E - Echo, U - Urgent, C - Congestion Windows Reduced. Table 5-43: Packet view columns Content View When a row in the TCP/UDP Flows Table is selected, the Content View displays the content of the HTTP request/response as in the following figure. Page 122 of 168

133 Figure 5-29: Content view. Page 123 of 168

134 5.2.4 Statistics Tab The Content View has a Search field to the right of the content window, in which you can enter a search string. All instances of the string will be highlighted in the content window and the Find Next button can be used to navigate through the instances. The Statistics tab displays key statistical information based on the analysis of the loaded trace. The information on the Statistics Tab is divided into the following sections: Header TCP(Session) Statistics Trace Score Endpoint Summary RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation Burst Analysis Export Button HTTP Cache Statistics Energy Efficiency Simulation In the top right corner of the Statistics tab, there is an Export button (shown in the following image). When this button is clicked, a Save As dialog box appears that allows you to save all of the data from the Diagnostics tab, and the Statistics tab as a.csv file. When the file has been saved, you can either Close the Save As dialog or open the.csv file immediately by clicking the Open button. When you click the Open button, the export file will be opened using the program that you have identified in your OS as the default program for.csv files. Page 124 of 168

135 Figure 5-30: Export button on Statistics tab Header Section The Header section of the Statistics tab displays information about the trace that the statistics are derived from. The information in the Header section is the same as in the header of the Best Practices/Results tab. The following table describes the information displayed in the Header section: Label Date Trace Application(s) Name:Version Data Collector Version Device make/model OS/Platform Version Network type Profile Description The date when the trace files were generated. The name of the folder containing the trace files. The names and versions of the applications that were running when the trace data was collected. The version of the AT&T ARO Data Collector that was used to collect the trace data. The make and model of the device from which the data was collected. The operating system version or platform version of the device that the trace was captured on. The type of network, like 3G or LTE, which was in use when the data was collected. The device profile that was used for the trace analysis. Table 5-44: Header section for Statistics tab. Page 125 of 168

136 TCP (Session) Statistics The TCP (Session) Statistics section of the Statistics Tab information page (shown in the following figure) provides overall statistics about the TCP Packet information captured in the loaded trace files. Figure 5-31: TCP(Session) Statistics section The following table describes the statistics contained in the TCP (Session) Statistics section: Field Duration of the packets analyzed (sec) Total Bytes IP Packet Count Avg Rate (kbps) Description The time difference, in seconds, between the last packet time stamp and the first packet time stamp in the loaded trace. The sum of the packet length values from the loaded trace. The packet length value includes both the header length and the data length. The total number of packets in the loaded trace. The average transfer rate of data in kilobytes per second. This value is derived from the total number of transferred bytes and the trace duration. Table 5-45: Statistics tab fields Trace Score The Trace Score section of the Statistics Tab information page (shown in the following figure) provides an indication of how well the application is following recommended best practices. The Causes section indicates how the application is mitigating the most typical causes of data and energy inefficiency, and the Effects section indicates how well the application has lessened the most typical effects of data and energy inefficiency. Page 126 of 168

137 he Causes and Effects subsections have a maximum Subtotal score of 500 points. The Subtotal scores are combined to form a Total Score with a maximum of 1000 points Endpoint Summary Section Figure 5-32: Trace Score section. The Endpoint Summary section of the Statistics Tab information page, contains two tables that summarize the packet information for each application, and for each IP Address. These two tables are: Endpoint Summary Per Application Endpoint Summary Per IP Address Endpoint Summary Per Application Table The Endpoint Summary Per Application table (shown in the following figure) summarizes the number of packets and total number of bytes for each application in the trace. Page 127 of 168

138 Figure 5-33: Endpoint Summary Per Application table. The following describes the statistics contained in the Endpoint Summary Per Application table: Column Application Name Packet Count Total Bytes Description The name of the application. The total number of packets for this application. The total number of bytes for this application. Table 5-46: Endpoint Summary Per Application table columns Endpoint Summary Per IP Address Table The Endpoint Summary Per IP Address table (shown in the following figure) summarizes the number of packets and total number of bytes for each IP address in the trace. Figure 5-34: Endpoint Summary Per IP Address table. The following describes the statistics contained in the Endpoint Summary Per IP Address table: Page 128 of 168

139 Column IP Address Packet Count Total Bytes Description The IP Address. The total number of packets for this IP address. The total number of bytes for this IP address. Table 5-47: Endpoint Summary Per IP Address table columns RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation The RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section of the Statistics Tab information page displays an analysis of how much time was spent in the various RRC states. Note: The names of the RRC states and the information displayed in this section depend on the type of device profile that is selected (3G, LTE, or WiFi). When a 3G device profile like AT&T 3G is selected, then the section appears like the following: Figure 5-35: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for 3G device profile. The following table describes the statistics contained in the RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section when a 3G device profile like AT&T 3G is selected: Field DCH (Active) FACH (Standby) Description The amount of DCH (Active) state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of FACH (Standby) state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. Page 129 of 168

140 Field IDLE IDLE DCH (Active) FACH (Standby) DCH (Active) DCH (Active) Tail Ratio FACH (Standby) Tail Ratio Promotion Ratio Description The amount of IDLE state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of time spent in promotion from the IDLE state to the DCH (Active) state, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of time spent in promotion from the FACH (Standby) state to the DCH (Active) state, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The ratio between the amount of DCH (Active) Tail state time and the amount of DCH (Active) state time. The ratio between the amount of FACH (Standby) Tail state time and the amount of FACH (Standby) state time. The ratio between the sums of the total promoted RRC states time and the total packet duration. The promoted RRC states are IDLE DCH (Active) and FACH (Standby) DCH (Active). Table 5-48: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation fields. When an LTE device profile like AT&T LTE is selected, then the section appears like the following: Figure 5-36: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for LTE device profile. The following table describes the statistics contained in the RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section when an LTE device profile is selected: Page 130 of 168

141 Field IDLE->Continuous Reception Continuous Reception Continuous Reception Tail Short DRX Long DRX IDLE Continuous Reception Tail Ratio Long DRX Ratio Short DRX Ratio Promotion Ratio Description The amount of time spent in promotion from the IDLE state to Continuous Reception, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of Continuous Reception state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of Continuous Reception Tail state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of Short DRX state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of Long DRX state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of IDLE state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The ratio between the amount of Continuous Reception Tail state time and the amount of Continuous Reception state time. The ratio between the amount of Long DRX state time and the amount of Continuous Reception and Short DRX state time. The ratio between the amount of Short DRX state time and the amount of Continuous Reception and Long DRX state time. The ratio between the promoted state time (IDLE Continuous Reception), and the sum of the IDLE, IDLE Continuous Reception, Continuous Reception, and Continuous Reception Tail state times. Table 5-49: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation fields. When a WiFi device profile like AT&T WiFi is selected, then the section appears like the following: Figure 5-37: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for WiFi device profile. Page 131 of 168

142 The following table describes the statistics contained in the RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section when a WiFi device profile is selected: Field WiFi Active WiFi Tail WiFi Idle Description The amount of WiFi Active state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of WiFi Tail state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. The amount of WiFi Idle state time, in seconds, and its percentage of total packet duration. Table 5-50: RRC(Radio Resource Control) State Machine Simulation section for WiFi device profile fields Burst Analysis Section The Burst Analysis section of the Statistics Tab information page, contains two tables that provide burst information. One that groups the bursts by burst type, and another that lists individual bursts. These two tables are: Burst Analysis Individual Burst Analysis Burst Analysis Table The Burst Analysis table provides information about the collected bursts from the loaded trace, summarized by burst type. You can export the contents of this table in the CSV format by right-clicking on it. Note: The columns of information displayed in this table depend on the type of device profile that is selected. When a 3G device profile like AT&T 3G is selected, the Burst Analysis table appears like the following: Figure 5-38: Burst Analysis table for 3G device profile. When an LTE device profile like AT&T LTE is selected, the Burst Analysis table appears like the following: Page 132 of 168

143 Figure 5-39: Burst Analysis table for LTE device profile. When a WiFi device profile like AT&T WiFi is selected, the Burst Analysis table appears like the following: Figure 5-40: Burst Analysis table for WiFi device profile. The following table describes all of the statistics contained in the Burst Analysis table for all types of device profiles: Field Description Page 133 of 168

144 Field Burst Description One of the following Burst types according to the request/response types in the loaded trace. Bytes Burst Categories TCP Control TCP Loss Recover User Input Screen Rotation App SvrNetDelay NonTarget LargeBurst Periodical Unknown Userdef 1 Userdef 2 Userdef 3 The payload length, in bytes, for the corresponding Burst type. The payload length considers only the data length of packets which occurred during the burst. % of Bytes The percentage of total payload used by the individual burst payload. The total payload is the sum of all burst payloads. Energy The amount of Energy, in Joules, for the corresponding Burst type. % of Energy The percentage of total burst energy used by the individual burst. Total burst energy is the sum of all individual burst Energy amounts. DCH (Active) The amount of DCH Active time for the corresponding Burst type. Note: This column is only displayed when a 3G device profile is selected. Page 134 of 168

145 Field %DCH (Active) Continuous Reception % of Continuous Reception WiFi Active Description The percentage of total DCH Time used by the individual burst. The total DCH Time is the sum of all individual burst DCH Times. Note: This column is only displayed when a 3G device profile is selected. The amount of Continuous Reception time for the corresponding Burst type. Note: This column is only displayed when an LTE device profile is selected. The percentage of total Continuous Reception time used by the individual burst. The total Continuous Reception time is the sum of all individual burst Continuous Reception times. Note: This column is only displayed when an LTE device profile is selected. The amount of WiFi Active time for the corresponding Burst type. Note: This column is only displayed when a WiFi device profile is selected. % of WiFi Active The percentage of total WiFi Active time used by the individual burst. The total WiFi Active time is the sum of all individual burst WiFi Active times. JpKB Note: This column is only displayed when a WiFi device profile is selected. The amount of Joules per Kilobytes for the corresponding Burst type calculated from the amount of burst type energy and burst type payload. Table 5-51: Statistics contained in the Burst Analysis table Individual Burst Analysis Table The Individual Burst Analysis table provides information about each individual burst in the loaded trace. You can export the contents of this table in the CSV format by right-clicking on it. Page 135 of 168

146 Figure 5-41: Individual Burst Analysis table. The following table describes the statistics contained in the Individual Burst Analysis section: Field Start Time Time Elapsed Bytes Packet Count Description The start time of the burst, in seconds, from the beginning of the trace. The time elapsed during the burst, in seconds. The payload length, in bytes, for the burst. The payload length considers only the data length of packets which occurred during the burst. The number of packets in the burst. Page 136 of 168

147 Field Burst Description One of the following Burst types according to the request/response types in the loaded trace. Burst Categories. TCP Control TCP Loss Recover User Input Screen Rotation App SvrNetDelay NonTarget LargeBurst Periodical Unknown Userdef 1 Userdef 2 Userdef 3 Table 5-52: Individual Burst Analysis table statistics HTTP Cache Statistics The HTTP Cache Statistics section of the Statistics Tab information page displays statistical information about the cache based on the data in the loaded trace. Caching is the process of storing data on the client side to avoid the repeated download of data from the server. This increases the amount of bandwidth available for common requests and responses. This section contains the following sub-categories: Cacheable vs. Non-Cacheable Cache Simulation Results Duplicate File Analysis The following figure shows the columns and sub-categories of the HTTP Cache Statistics section. Page 137 of 168

148 Figure 5-42: HTTP Cache Statistics section. The HTTP Cache Statistics section contains the following columns: Column Description % of Response Displays the amount of responses for this row item expressed as a percentage of the total number of responses. % of Bytes Displays the amount of bytes for this row item expressed as a percentage of the total number of bytes. Table 5-53: HTTP Cache Statistics section columns: Page 138 of 168

149 Cacheable vs. Non-Cacheable The Cacheable vs. Non-Cacheable section of the HTTP Cache Statistics section contains the following rows of information: Row Cacheable Specified - No Store Description This field analyzes the cacheable contents from the loaded trace. The percentage of Cacheable Responses is calculated from the amount of Cacheable content and the amount of total cache content. The percentage of Cacheable Bytes is calculated from the number of Cacheable bytes and total number of cache bytes. This field analyzes the files from the loaded trace that are specified as No Store. The percentage of No Store Responses is calculated from the amount of No Store content and the amount of Total Cache content. The percentage of No Store Bytes is calculated from the number of No Store bytes and the total number of cache bytes. Table 5-54: Cacheable vs. Non-Cacheable section rows Cache Simulation Results The Cache Simulation Results sub-category of the HTTP Cache Statistics section contains the Acceptable behavior, Duplicate File Download, and Duplicate File Download: Streaming sub-sections. The following tables describe the rows of information in those sub-sections. Row Files downloaded once Files specified as "No-Store" Expired, but correct 304 response sent from server Expired, downloaded again, but file has changed Description The percentage of total responses and total bytes for files that were downloaded only once. This content is populated from the caching missed contents. This content is calculated from the No-Store HTTP responses. The percentages are calculated from the cache diagnosis total and the number of total bytes. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content with the HTTP response code 304. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content where the HTTP response has changed from the expired response. Table 5-55: Acceptable behavior. Page 139 of 168

150 Row Duplicate download (not expired) Duplicate download (expired, but no "If- Modified-Since" header sent) Duplicate download (expired, but "If- Modified-Since" header ignored) Description The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download but has not expired. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download that has expired, and for which an If-Modified-Since header was not sent. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download that has expired and contains an If-Modified-Since header that was ignored. Table 5-56: Duplicate file download. Row Partial duplicate download (Not Expired) Partial duplicate download (expired, but no "If-Modified- Since" header sent) Partial duplicate download (expired, but "If-Modified- Since" header ignored) Description The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a partial duplicate download that has not expired. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a partial duplicate download that has expired and for which an If-Modified-Since header was not sent. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a partial duplicate download that has expired and for which an If-Modified-Since header was ignored. Table 5-57: Duplicate file download streaming Duplicate File Analysis The Duplicate File Analysis section of the Statistics Tab information page displays information about duplicate files that were downloaded during the trace. The Duplicate File Analysis section contains the following information: Field Duplicate download (Cache not expired) Description The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download, and for which the cache has not expired. These values are calculated with the total cache expiration count and cache expiration ratios. Page 140 of 168

151 Field Duplicate download (24 hr. cache not expired) Duplicate download (Cache expired) Duplicate download (24 hr. cache expired) Description The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download, and for which the 24 hour cache has not expired. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download, and for which the cache has expired. The percentage of total responses and total bytes for content which is a duplicate download, and for which the 24 hour cache has expired. Table 5-58: Duplicate File Analysis section Energy Efficiency Simulation The Energy Efficiency Simulation section of the Statistics Tab information page displays the overall energy efficiency from the loaded trace. The section lists the amount of energy used for each of the different types of energy consumption that can affect the performance of the application, or the energy level of the particular device. Note: The information displayed in this section depends on the type of device profile that is selected. When a 3G device profile like AT&T 3G is selected, the Energy Efficiency Simulation section appears like the following: Page 141 of 168

152 Figure 5-43: Energy Efficiency Simulation section for 3G device profile. When an LTE device profile like AT&T LTE is selected, the Energy Efficiency Simulation section appears like the following: Page 142 of 168

153 Figure 5-44: Energy Efficiency Simulation section for LTE device profile. When a WiFi device profile like AT&T WiFi is selected, the Energy Efficiency Simulation section appears like the following: Figure 5-45: Energy Efficiency Simulation section for WiFi device profile. Page 143 of 168

154 The following table describes all of the statistics contained in the Energy Efficiency Simulation section for either type of device profile: Field CELL_DCH (Active) CELL_FACH (Standby) IDLE IDLE DCH (Active) FACH (Standby) DCH (Active) DCH (Active) Tail FACH (Standby) Tail IDLE Continuous Reception Continuous Reception Continuous Reception Tail Short DRX Long DRX WiFi Active WiFi Tail WiFi Idle Total RRC Energy Description The total DCH time energy expended in the loaded traces. This is calculated from the RRC DCH time value and the power DCH value. The total FACH energy expended in the loaded trace. This is calculated from the RRC FACH time value and the power FACH value. The total idle time energy from the loaded trace. The idle energy should always be 0. The amount of RRC IDLE to DCH (Active) state time energy consumption. The amount of RRC FACH (Standby) to DCH (Active) time energy consumption. The amount of energy consumed during the RRC DCH (Active) Tail state period. The amount of energy consumed during the RRC FACH Tail state period. The amount of energy consumed during all transitions from the IDLE state to Continuous Reception. The amount of energy consumed during the Continuous Reception state. The amount of energy consumed during the Tail time of the Continuous Reception state. The amount of energy consumed during the Short DRX state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the Long DRX state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the WiFi Active state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the WiFi Tail state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the WiFi Idle state. The sum of the CELL_DEH (Active), CELL_FACH (Standby), FACH (Standby) DCH (Active), IDLE DCH (Active), and IDLE energy consumption amounts. Page 144 of 168

155 Field Joules per Kilobyte GPS Active Long DRX WiFi Active WiFi Tail WiFi Idle Total RRC Energy Joules per Kilobyte GPS Active Description The amount of Joules per Kilobyte from the loaded trace, calculated from the amount of total energy and total bytes. The total energy consumed during the GPS Active state. In GPS Active state, the energy consumption will be equal to the time multiplied by the energy draw for Active GPS. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the Long DRX state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the WiFi Active state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the WiFi Tail state. The amount of amount of energy consumed during the WiFi Idle state. The sum of the CELL_DEH (Active), CELL_FACH (Standby), FACH (Standby) DCH (Active), IDLE DCH (Active), and IDLE energy consumption amounts. The amount of Joules per Kilobyte from the loaded trace, calculated from the amount of total energy and total bytes. The total energy consumed during the GPS Active state. In GPS Active state, the energy consumption will be equal to the time multiplied by the energy draw for Active GPS. Table 5-59: Energy Efficiency Simulation section fields Waterfall Tab The Waterfall tab displays a waterfall view chart of the TCP connections from the trace spread over time. The chart can be expanded or contracted to get a detailed view into the connections in the trace data. The following image shows the Waterfall Tab. (Note: The URLs of the TCP connections have been deliberately hidden.) Page 145 of 168

156 Figure 5-46: Waterfall view chart. As the key at the bottom of the tab indicates, the color coded plots on the chart indicate the following information for each connection listed on the left side of the chart: Label DNS Lookup Initial Connection SSL Negotiation Request Time Time to First Byte Content Download Description The time until the DNS lookup was completed. The time until the initial connection was made. The time spent in SSL negotiation. The time spent requesting data from the server. The time until the first byte was downloaded. The time spent downloading the content. Page 146 of 168

157 Label 3xx result 4xx+ result Description An HTTP response code in the 300 range. An HTTP response code in the 400 or 500 range. These codes indicate an error. When any of the color coded plots on the chart are clicked, a Request/Response Detail dialog box (like the following) is shown: Figure 5-47: Request/Response Detail dialog box. The tabs on the dialog box show details about the connection, information about the request, and the actual content of the response. The request/response data is similar to the detail provided in the Request/Response View table on the Diagnostics tab. Page 147 of 168

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