An Environment Monitoring System Design Based on IOT and Web 2.0

Transcription

1 1 Zhu Quanyin, 2 Fu Chen *1, Faculty of Computer Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, , China, hyitzqy@126.com 2, Faculty of Computer Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, , China, topchenfu@qq.com Abstract In order to obtain the remote environmental parameters, the sensor module and the mobile software is designed for a new environment monitoring system based on Internet of Things (IOT) and Web 2.0 in this paper. Using 8051 compatible MCU to control mature digital sensors to gain environmental information such as temperature, humidity and luminance and transfer these information via gateway to remote computers by using Silicon Laboratories Si4432 ISM Band transceiver and GPRS network, while computers got these information, it stores these information into database, and provide an interface to users to get the environment information in any time. Ajax and mobile platform are combined to make sure that the environment data on the server can be easily accessed. Experiments show as using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can get 400 meters at the real environment, but using ZigBee network only get less then 100 meters at the real application test. Results show as by proposed system can satisfy the longer communication distance for application requirements. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Internet of Things, Web 2.0, Environment Monitoring 1. Introduction Production environment monitoring and control is very important in realizing industrial automatization and high efficiency. With the development of the Internet of Things, currently, most environment monitoring systems are using a distributed framework [1]. The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology is used in some other monitoring systems [2]. But the transmission distance of the WSN is not very long, the problem doesn t exist in the GPRS network because the GPRS network based on the GSM, so the transmit distance is almost unlimited. GPRS is the shorted form of General Packet Radio Service, it is a breakthrough of GSM network s only circuit-switched provided thinking mode, And realize packet switching only by increasing the functionality entities and transforming part of the existing base- station system [3]. Even there are a lot of advantages with GPRS network, the disadvantages are also obvious. The biggest problem is the cost and the power consumption is also under considered. Internet of things (IOT) has been given wide attention and had the large number of applications in many fields, as a new generation of information technology [4]. There are also some other researches about these problems. The researcher from Beijing Jiao tong University used the Shapley-value model to discuss the distribution of interests of IOT [5] and some other researchers focus on reducing the power consideration by using an Effective Routing Estimation [6] or using the Task Allocation and Particle Swarm Optimization [7]. Reference [8] provides an integrated biotechnology database to concentrate on doing proteomics of major agricultural resources as of rice, Chinese cabbage, rice Ds-tagging lines, and microorganisms. Reference [9] presented the design of a context aware service system based on IOT, and reference [10] propose a model-free method for human action recognition via sparse spatiotemporal representation. Recent years, with the fast development of the mobile platform, the mobile platform has become the most popular way to obtain information people need. The Ajax technology is the most important way to design a Web2.0 application. The Web 2.0 enables the design of highly interactive User Interfaces (UIs) for web applications [11]. The Web has become an information source with static pages, navigated by clicking on links. In Web 2.0, it becomes a participatory medium where users have more control. Web 2.0 pages are often more like traditional desktop applications accessed through a browser [12]. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications(JDCTA) Volume7,Number5,March 2013 doi: /jdcta.vol7.issue

2 2. Principle of Ajax Ajax is an acronym for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. With Ajax, web applications can send requests to, and retrieve data from, a server asynchronously (in the background) without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page. The comparison between the Traditional Mode and Ajax Mode for web applications is shown in Fig.1. Figure 1 Comparison between the Traditional Mode and Ajax Mode In the traditional web application, most user actions in the interface trigger an HTTP request back to a web server. The server does some processing and then returns an HTML page to the client with a HTML page format. While user has a request, the server will return a whole page to handle the request, the user has to wait for a long time even if there is only a few simple data interaction [13]. In the application based on Ajax, when the user client needs some little data, the Ajax engine will trigger request and the server return the client end response with XML format or JSON format. By using DOM object model, the Ajax engine only refreshes those parts of the page which are changed, thereby saving a great deal of time and enhancing the work efficiency [2]. 3. The Android Mobile Platform Android is a Linux-based operating system primarily designed for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers utilizing ARM processors. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google. The Android became the leading smartphone platform worldwide at the end of 2010 [14]. For the first quarter of 2012, Android had a 59% smartphone market share worldwide [15]. Because of the android devices and other smart phones, mobile platform has become the largest way to obtain information; the original PC lost its position be-cause of the big size and weight. People now can get the information they want more efficiently by using smart phones like android devices. 4. IOT Technologies IOT is the sensor equipment to the power grid, railways, bridges, tunnels, roads, buildings, water supply systems, dams, oil and gas pipelines as well as household appliances and other real objects, to link up via the Internet, and then run a specific program to reach remote control or direct communication between things. IOT is connected through the interface with the wireless network through the device in the various types of objects on the radio frequency identification (RFID), sensor, two-dimensional code, "smart" objects, people and objects communicate and dialogue, communication 912

3 and dialogue between objects one to an-other can also be achieved, this object linking network known as the "Internet of Things (IOT)". The Internet of Things (IOT) is built on the Internet and wireless sensor networks [16][17], by which any items could be connected to the Internet and realizing information exchange and communication, so as to achieve intelligent management in accordance with the agreed protocol and through the automatic identification of the sensing device [18]. The Internet of Things extends Web 2.0 but clearly raises the question of our ability to develop ever more powerful tools. Either objects, with their associated software intelligence, become "actors / partners" acting under our control: that is to say not only assistants but especially counselors, policy makers, organizers or economic agents [19]. 5. System Design The Environment Monitoring System is consisted of three parts. One is the sensor module using WSN technology. Another is the gateway to collect the sensor module s data and sent to the remote server. The last is the software which contains a B/S based platform designed by ASP.NET and a mobile application for Android platform. The general architecture of the system is shown in Fig.2. Figure 2 The general architecture of the system The environmental parameters are gained by several sensor modules, and then the data would be sent to the gateway through WSN. Then the data would be sent to the remote server through the Internet using GPRS technology. There could be several gateways in a large scale and in the small scale, several sensors could be used. The user can get the update environmental parameters by using PC or a smart phone and the administrator can add or delete the user. The working produce of the whole is shown in Fig. 3 Figure 3 The flow chart of the system 913

4 When the system is running, the environmental parameters are gained by the sensor module. The original parameters data are sent to the gateway, and then the data would be collected and organized by the gateway. The gateway sends the organized data to the remote server through GPRS network. The data are handled by the server and stored in the database. The web services are also provided by the server, so the environmental parameters can be easily obtained by the users through the web or the mobile platform. 5.1 Detail Design The Sensor Module The sensor module s MCU controls SHT10 and TSL2561 to gain the temperature, humidity and luminance information. This information is transferred to the gateway by using SI4432 module. The sensor module s architecture is shown as Fig. 4. Figure 4.the general architecture of the sensor module SHT10 digital humidity sensor and TSL2561 light-to-digital converter have IIC interface to connect with MCU, and SI4432 communicate with MCU through a SPI interface. A common MCS-51 MCU doesn t have IIC or SPI interface, so the common I/O pins are used to simulate the two interfaces. The sensor module s MCU takes charge of the control of all the sensors, SHT10, TSL2561, and SI4432. MCU initializes all the three chips and waiting the query from the gateway. SHT10 digital humidity and temperature sensor is the low cost version of the reflow solderable humidity sensor series [20]. It provides a high-accuracy RH and temperature measurement. It has a 0 100% RH of RH operating range and a C ( F) of temperature operating range. TSL2561 light-to-digital converter provides a Lux luminance measure range [21] The Gateway The gateway contains a MCU, a SI4432 and a GPRS module, the gateway s architecture is shown as Fig. 5. Figure 5.The general architecture of the gateway 914

5 SHT10 digital humidity sensor and TSL2561 light-to-digital converter have IIC interface to connect with MCU, and SI4432 communicates with MCU through a SPI interface. A common MCS-51 MCU doesn t have IIC or SPI interface, so the common I/O pins are used to simulate the two interfaces. The sensor module s MCU takes charge of the control of all the sensors, SHT10, TSL2561 and SI4432. MCU initializes all the three chips and waits the query from the gateway. SIM900 is a quad-band GSM/GPRS module that works on frequencies GSM 850MHz, EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and PCS 1900MHz. SIM900 features GPRS multi-slot class 10/class 8 (optional) and supports GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4 [22]. The gateway s MCU queries the sensor module to gain the environmental parameters data through the WSN, then the data would be sent to the remote server through GPRS module. There is a Trickle Charge Timekeeping Chip called DS1302, the chip is used to provide the real time, the users can set the sampling frequency of the gateway. Between the two sampling processes, the gateway and the sensor module are in sleep mode The Web Application The web application is built by ASP.NET and SQL Server 2008 on Windows. It is divided into two parts. One of them is a Windows Service, running background, to handle the data sent by the sensor module. The other one is the user interface, which provides several functions to the user. The Windows Service listens at TCP port 1666, which isn t a well-known port, the port can be modified by the administrator to avoid conflicting between other applications. The data sent by the sensor module is encrypted by AES encryption to ensure the security. The system provides several encryptions to be chosen. The administrator of the system can set the encryption option at the web application. The functions provided by the web application are shown in Fig. 6. Figure 6 The functions of the web application At the Sensor Overview page, all the active sensors will be displayed in the content. Once the mouse moves on the area of some sensor, the sensor tracking dialog will be displayed. The display effect is provided by a jquery plug-in called Power Float. Ajax engine gets the latest sensor data from the remote server and displays the dialog to show the most recently environmental parameters from the sensor module. The display style of the floating dialog is shown in Fig. 7. Figure 7 The display style of the floating dialog 915

6 There are two user groups in the web application. One is the administrator and the other is the common user. The administrator has all the permissions of the system, like adding a sensor or a user and only the administrators have access to change the system configuration like sampling frequency and the system local time etc. The common users only have the permission to access the environmental parameters. To access the web application, the user must log in first. The username and the password are stored in the database. And the password is MD5-encrypted to keep the password s security. The login form of the web application is shown in Fig. 8. Figure 8 The login form of the web application When the users click the floating dialog, the web application will navigate to the sensor track function, in the sensor track function, the history data of the current sensor will be displayed in a curve chart The Android Application The most application on Android platform is game application. China has more than 344 million mobile phone users in year 2011, now the number has increased a lot [23]. The newest version of the Android now is the 4.2. Considering the version compatibility, the Android 4.2 may not be a good choice to develop this application. And the Android 2.3 was used at a wider range, so the Android Application is developed for Android platform 2.3 which means that the application can run on devices running Android 2.3 or later versions. Several functions are provided by the application. The main function is checking the sensor s data. When the user log in the application and choose the sensor, the sensor s status and the update environmental parameters will be shown at the screen. The running status of the application is shown in Fig. 9. Figure 9 The android application 916

7 6. Distance Test SI4432 module has a 19.6dBm max out power range, and the sensitivity of the module is -113dBm. The module contains a spring antenna, the development company of the module claims that the module has a 1000m max transmission distance, we had a test at Huaiyin Institute of Technology (HYIT) at Oct 10, 2012, there is no resist between the two module, the radio frequency was set as 470MHz, and the data rate was set at 9.6kbps, and the modulation was GFSK. The test shows that when the distance between the two module comes to about 400m the packet loss become insufferable, so the real transmission range is just about 400m at the real environment. The sensor and the gateway s photos with the distance on Google Maps are shown as Fig.10. Figure 10 The distance test on Google Maps By using the spring antenna, the communicating distance reached more than 400m. The transmission distance doesn t seem to be very well, but compared with some other networks it still has a great improvement. The module can change to use a 5DBI antenna, by using the antenna; the transmission distance will be a great improvement. Besides, the data rate of the module can change to 1.6kbps to reduce the conducted interference. The transmission distance could be increased further. GPRS network doesn t have the transmission problem, GPRS module in the gateway works well during the whole testing. The whole system works very well during the testing. 7. Conclusion In this paper, IOT technology is used to develop a new type of environment monitoring system, the system combined the advantages between the WSN network and the GPRS network, the whole system is low-cost and continuous high availability. Besides, the system also combined with Web2.0 and mobile platform, to provide a new and fast way to reach the real-time environment parameters, the web application is developed by ASP.NET which is easy deploying. The mobile platform application is developed with Android 2.3, so the compatibility is good for other Android platforms. The communicating distance of WSN network reached more than 400m which means the sensors could cover more than 16 hectare of land, the range satisfied a small scaled farm. We developed a friendly user interface as well. However, the system still need to improve in our future work, for example the transfer distance, SI4432 modules use the spring antennas, if we consider using a 5DBI antenna, and the transfer distance would be had a great improving. The history environment parameters should be shown as a chart to give users a more visual experience. 917

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