Meterpreter over DNS. Reverse DNS tunnel transport for Metasploit. DEFCON RUSSIA (DCG#7812)
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1 Meterpreter over DNS Reverse DNS tunnel transport for Metasploit Alexey Sintsov Maxim Andreyanov DEFCON RUSSIA (DCG#7812)
![DNS tunnel for almost 20 years DNS tunnel is not new: a lot of projects, PoCs and talks [1998] Oscar Pearson First public tool and PoC at BugTraq [2004] Dan Kaminsky SSH tunnel over DNS [2006] Erik](/docs-images/74/70976129/images/2-3.jpg "Ekman, Bjorn Andresson, Anne Bezemer IP tunneling https://github.com/yarrick/iodine [2008] Ty Miller Pentesting things and threats review http://www.blackhat.")
![com/presentations/bh-usa-08/miller/bh_us_08_ty_miller_reverse_dns_tunneling_shellcode.pdf [2010] Ron Bowes IP tunneling tool, shellcodes, PoC https://github.](/docs-images/74/70976129/images/2-4.jpg "com/iagox86/dnscat2 [2011] First malwares using DNS tunnel with C&C [2011] Alexey Sintsov yeah I also played Download and exec via IPv6 + vbs RAT agent https://github.")
2 DNS tunnel for almost 20 years DNS tunnel is not new: a lot of projects, PoCs and talks [1998] Oscar Pearson First public tool and PoC at BugTraq [2004] Dan Kaminsky SSH tunnel over DNS [2006] Erik Ekman, Bjorn Andresson, Anne Bezemer IP tunneling [2008] Ty Miller Pentesting things and threats review [2010] Ron Bowes IP tunneling tool, shellcodes, PoC [2011] First malwares using DNS tunnel with C&C [2011] Alexey Sintsov yeah I also played Download and exec via IPv6 + vbs RAT agent [2012] CorelanC0d3r Download and exec via DNS TXT payload for msf [2017] Alexey Sintsov, Maxim Andreyanov Transport for meterpreter
3 Our project features COMPONENTS DNS tunnels: Over IPv6 records (from WIN_XP) Over DNSKEY records (from WIN_7) Stagers (shellcodes): Win x86 Win x64 Stages metsrv.dll: Win x86 Win x64 Meterpreter bridge DNS server (python code) FEATURES Stealth No sockets/connection from target process! svchost.exe will do it for you! No direct connections to Internet Local DNS will do it for you! Speed UPLINK from 1 Kb/sec to 3 Kb/Sec DOWNLINK DNSKEY -- from 86 Kb/Sec to 660 Kb/Sec IPv6 -- from 5 Kb/Sec to 16 Kb/Sec Efficiency Isolated segments access Even if host in isolated VLAN with no Internet policy! Endpoint protection bypass No sockets no alerts! METASPLOIT All meterpreter capabilities over DNS reverse tunnel transport Supporting multiply consoles/jobs (use different SERVER_ID) Up to 26 parallel sessions for one DNS Bridge
4 DNS tunnel NS for domain.com TCP
5 Reverse DNS tunnel Uplink, DNS request: t.<base32>. <base32>. <base32> domain.com NS for domain.com TCP
6 Reverse DNS tunnel Uplink, DNS request: t.<base32>. <base32>. <base32> domain.com NS for domain.com Downlink: DNS response IPv6 DNSKEY TCP
7 Metasploit Payloads payload windows/meterpreter_reverse_dns windows/x64/meterpreter_reverse_dns windows/meterpreter/reverse_dns windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_dns purpose Stageless x86 meterpreter payload Stageless x64 meterpreter payload Staged x86 meterpreter payload Staged x64 meterpreter payload msfconsole deliver an EXPLOIT with STAGER shellcode to a target Uploading STAGE to the DNS Bridge TLV over TCP Dns_server.py stage STAGER asking for the STAGE STAGE(metsrv) stageless Request/TLV from metsrv TLV to metsrv Shellcode first getting stage(metsrv) over DNS then run metsrv, and metsrv connects to MSF over DNS
8 Your shell no pass! Or Local FW bypass Sockets from svchost (dnscache) to local DNS, без палева! Network/VLAN isolation bypass Connection from box to the local DNS (router, gateway, AD) Security sandboxes/isolations hosts bypass Most sandbox/isolation features allows local DNS
9 Your shell no pass! Or
10 DEMO
11 Tipz and Trickz Use DNSKEY if possible, it is faster DNSKEY faster, but IPv6 better when you hiding from network IDS (esp. at SHELLCODE stage) MZ binary/meterpreter signatures in DNSKEY traffic, while IPv6 they are fragmented and not detected Do not use it for DOWNLOADING huge amount of data it is slow and палево migrate N icq.exe t 1200 Add big timeout for migrate (especially for IPv6 tunnel) download b d:\biger_file.rar Add block size around 10kb for uplink downloads
12 MSF DNS Bridge --domain --ipaddr -- domain for this NS -- IP of this NS
13 PAYLOAD DOMIAN -- domain for tunnel (you should own NS) NS_IP -- you can use certain NS for connect (opt) REQ_TYPE -- DNS tunnel type (DNSKEY or IPv6) SERVER_ID job ID, change for another JOB or console
14 NS_IP less stealth!
15 HANDLER DOMIAN -- domain for tunnel (you should own NS) NS_IP -- you can use certain NS for connect (opt) REQ_TYPE -- DNS tunnel type (DNSKEY or IPv6) SERVER_ID job ID, change for another JOB or console RHOST -- DNS Bridge IP
16 SESSION One DNS Bridge supports up to 26 parallel sessions
17 Feature plans Integrating into main Metasploit distrib/fork In progress! Thx who helping us with that Adding Powershell and other payloads Community help? Adding Linux payloads Community help? Anything else Community help?
18 THANK YOU Big thanks to DC7812 members for support and help! and especially: Sab0tag3d C - Community Web: Sources: Demo:
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