Introduction to the DANE Protocol
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1 Introduction to the DANE Protocol ICANN 46 April 10, 2013
2 Internet Society Deploy360 Programme Providing real-world deployment info for IPv6, DNSSEC and other Internet technologies: Case Studies Tutorials Videos Whitepapers News, information English content, initially, but will be translated into other languages. 4/5/13
3 Why Do I Need DNSSEC If I Have SSL? A common question: why do I need DNSSEC if I already have a SSL certificate? (or an "EV-SSL" certificate?) SSL (more formerly known today as Transport Layer Security (TLS)) solves a different issue it provides encryption and protection of the communication between the browser and the web server
4 The Typical TLS (SSL) Interaction DNS Svr root DNS Svr.com DNS Svr example.com TLS-encrypted web page 2 example.com? 1 DNS Resolver Browser
5 The Typical TLS (SSL) Interaction DNS Svr root DNS Svr.com DNS Svr example.com TLS-encrypted web page 2 example.com? 3 Is this encrypted with the CORRECT certificate? Browser DNS Resolver
6 What About This? DNS TLS-encrypted web page with CORRECT certificate Firewall (or attacker) TLS-encrypted web page with NEW certificate (re-signed by firewall) Browser
7 Problems? DNS TLS-encrypted web page with CORRECT certificate Firewall TLS-encrypted web page with NEW certificate (re-signed by firewall) Browser
8 Problems? DNS TLS-encrypted web page with CORRECT certificate Firewall Log files or other servers TLS-encrypted web page with NEW certificate (re-signed by firewall) Browser Potentially including personal information
9 Issues A Certificate Authority (CA) can sign ANY domain. Now over 1,500 CAs there have been compromises where valid certs were issued for domains. Middle-boxes such as firewalls can re-sign sessions.
10 A Powerful Combination TLS = encryption + limited integrity protection DNSSEC = strong integrity protection How to get encryption + strong integrity protection? TLS + DNSSEC = DANE 4/5/13
11 DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) Q: How do you know if the TLS (SSL) certificate is the correct one the site wants you to use? A: Store the certificate (or fingerprint) in DNS (new TLSA record) and sign them with DNSSEC. A browser that understand DNSSEC and DANE will then know when the required certificate is NOT being used. Certificate stored in DNS is controlled by the domain name holder. It could be a certificate signed by a CA or a selfsigned certificate.
12 DANE DNS TLS-encrypted web page with CORRECT certificate Firewall (or attacker) example.com? DNSKEY RRSIGs TLSA Log files or other servers TLS-encrypted web page with NEW certificate (re-signed by firewall) DANE-equipped browser compares TLS certificate with what DNS / DNSSEC says it should be. Browser w/dane
13 DANE Not Just For The DANE defines protocol for storing TLS certificates in DNS Securing transactions is the obvious use case Other uses also possible: via S/MIME VoIP Jabber/XMPP? 4/5/13
14 DANE Resources DANE Overview and Resources: IETF Journal article explaining DANE: RFC DANE Use Cases: RFC 6698 DANE Protocol:
15 How Do We Get DANE Deployed? Developers: Add DANE support into applications (see list of libraries) DNS Hosting Providers: Provide a way that customers can enter a TLSA record into DNS as defined in RFC 6698 ( ) This will start getting TLS certificates into DNS so that when browsers support DANE they will be able to do so. [More tools are needed to help create TLSA records ex. hashslinger ] Network Operators / Enterprises / Governments: Start talking about need for DANE Express desire for DANE to app vendors (especially browsers)
16 Opportunities DANE is just one example of new opportunities brought about by DNSSEC Developers and others already exploring new ideas 4/5/13
17 Dan York, CISSP Senior Content Strategist, Internet Society Thank You!
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