Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption

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1 Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption Aurélien Bourdon, Adel Noureddine, Romain Rouvoy, Lionel Seinturier To cite this version: Aurélien Bourdon, Adel Noureddine, Romain Rouvoy, Lionel Seinturier. Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption. Green Computing Middleware (GCM 2011), Dec 2011, Lisbonne, Portugal <hal > HAL Id: hal Submitted on 13 Dec 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

2 Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption Aurélien Bourdon Adel Noureddine Romain Rouvoy Lionel Seinturier Green Computing Middleware 11 December 12th 2011

3 Outline IT & Energy issue Software energy monitoring powerapi Synthesis Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 2

4 Information Technologies & Energy issue Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 3

5 IT & Energy 2% World wide carbon emission Gartner group report 13% 8x French electricity consumption French ministries. IT & Sustainable Development report 8x 10% increase by year, over the past 10 years Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 4

6 Eco-Indicator 99 points IT: Where is the energy consumed? Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for a common PC Manufacturing Distribution Use End of Life Human Health Ecosystem Quality Resources Duan & al. Life cycle assessment study of a Chinese desktop personal computer Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 5

7 IT & Energy: Towards a software concern Hardware optimizations but not software Energy intelligence software is out of software Software is not energy aware by design Software has to be energy aware Tools which could help developers to visualize energy consumption Discover new green development methodologies Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 6

8 Software energy monitoring Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 7

9 State-of-the-art PowerTop There are not reusable libraries JouleMeter Not easy to support platform interoperability ptop Development is over Manual calibration EnergyChecker Requires external device Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 8

10 Our solution: powerapi Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 9

11 Architecture overview Energy module = Process(es) energy profiler through a specific hardware component Energy module Formula Sensor F CPU S CPU As many sensors as there are specific environments Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 10

12 Architecture overview Application Formulae Sensors DB F CPU S CPU F Memory S Memory F Network S Network F S Life cycle System Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 11

13 Architecture benefits Modular approach, easy to extend Interoperability Adaptation to the execution platform, auto-calibration Adaptation to the application needs Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 12

14 How does it work? CPU case study, Linux system Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 13

15 How does it work? CPU case study 0 d (d) CPU P PID (d) P (d) CPU U PID CPU Process CPU power Global CPU power Process CPU usage Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 14

16 How does it work? CPU case study f CPU P f, v CPU C v 2 [1] Static part Dynamic part [1] Ge & al. Improvement of Power-Performance Efficiency for High-End Computing Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 15

17 How does it work? CPU case study Static part is made up of several constants hard to find out That s why we used constructor s Thermal Dissipation Power value P f TDP, v CPU TDP TDP 0.7 Rivoire & al. JouleSort: A Balanced Energy-Efficiency Benchmark C f P f CPU TDP TDP, v v TDP 2 TDP DB Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 16

18 How does it work? CPU case study We need to have All frequencies used by CPU during the d period Correspondance table between a frequency and its voltage Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 17

19 How does it work? CPU case study Frequencies used by CPU during d period cpu-freq-utils tool Correspondance table between frequency and voltage Constructor s data /sys/devices/system/cpu/ _ cpu[0-n]/ _ cpufreq/time_in_state 2,8 GHz ms 1,599 GHz 4477 ms 2,8 GHz 1.5 V 1,599 GHz 0.8 V DB Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 18

20 How does it work? CPU case study 0 d P (d) (d) CPU U PID CPU Global CPU power Process CPU usage Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 19

21 How does it work? CPU case study 0 d U PID (d) t PID (d) / t (d) CPU CPU CPU Process CPU usage Process CPU time Global CPU time Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 20

22 How does it work? CPU case study Process CPU time Global CPU time procfs virtual file system /proc/[pid]/stat file /proc/stat file Sum of all kind of times (usertime, systemtime, blockingiotime ) Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 21

23 How does it work? CPU case study 0 d (d) CPU P PID (d) P (d) CPU U PID CPU Process CPU power Global CPU power Process CPU usage Global CPU Power Process CPU Usage Static part Dynamic part Process CPU time Global CPU time Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 22

24 Does it work? Validation Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 23

25 Validation Dell Precision T3400 Ubuntu generic (kernel version 3.0.4) Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 (2.4 GHz) PowerSpy powermeter Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 24

26 Validation Stress CPU stressor Mplayer movie player 4 cores 3 cores 2 cores 1 core Time lag due to different refresh times between powermeter and powerapi Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 25

27 Validation Tomcat web server Jetty web server Stress period Stress period Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 26

28 Conclusion & Perspectives Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 27

29 Synthesis Need tools which could help developer to monitor software energy consumption Some libraries already exist but integration and evolution are difficult powerapi = Process-level energy sensor library with a modular and adaptive architecture We are working on new modules development (memory, disk ) Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 28

30 Applications Some applications already exist Process-level energy consumption visualizations Monitoring and profiling Java applications at runtime (esurgeon) Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 29

31 Thank you! Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption Aurélien Bourdon Adel Noureddine Romain Rouvoy Lionel Seinturier Green Computing Middleware 11 December 12th 2011

32 Backup slides

33 Architecture overview, current state Application Formulae Sensors DB F CPU S CPU F Memory S Memory F Network S Network F S Life cycle System Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 32

34 CPU power consumption formula, P f v CPU C f v 2 P f TDP, v CPU TDP TDP 0.7 TDP TDP C f TDP vtdp 2 C f TDP v TDP Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 33

35 Technical details C++ Qt SOF CMake Linux: Understanding Process-Level Power Consumption 34

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