Ex.no:2 Date: Kernel Configuration, Compilation and Installation

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Ex.no:2 Date: Kernel Configuration, Compilation and Installation"

Jocelyn Hunter
6 years ago
Views:

1 Ex.no:2 Date: Kernel Configuration, Compilation and Installation AIM: To download latest Linux kernel from the web configure the source, compile the kernel and install the kernel in client machine. Procedure: How to: Compile Linux kernel 2.6 Compiling custom kernel has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, new Linux user / admin find it difficult to compile Linux kernel. Compiling kernel needs to understand few things and then just type couple of commands. This step by step how to covers compiling Linux kernel version 2.6.xx under Fedora Linux. However, instructions remain the same for any other distribution except for apt-get command. Get Latest Linux kernel code Visit and download the latest source code. File name would be linux-x.y.z.tar.bz2, where x.y.z is actual version number. For example file inux tar.bz2 represents kernel version. Step 1: Download and Extract the Linux kernel source code. 1.1: In web browser, download and save the Linux tar.gz zip file from kernel index. 1.2: open the Downloads folder containing the Linux tar.gz zip file. Right click on the file and give extract here.

2 1:3: Folder Linux containing the kernel source code files will be created.

3 Step 2: Open a terminal and enter the Downloads folder using the command. [fosslab@fosslab ~]$ cd Downloads/ List the files in the folder using the command. [fosslab@fosslab Downloads~]$ ls l

Step 3: Now open the Linux-2.6.35.7 folder using th following command. [fosslab@fosslab Downloads~]$ cd Linux-2.6.35.7/ Folder location can be found using the command. [fosslab@fosslab Linux-2.6.35.7~]$ pwd List all the files in the Linux-2.

4 Step 3: Now open the Linux folder using th following command. Downloads~]$ cd Linux / Folder location can be found using the command. Linux ~]$ pwd List all the files in the Linux using the command. Linux ~]$ ls l Edit the Makefile file using the command [fosslab@fosslab Linux ~]$ vi Makefile

5 Edit the Makefile file and make the following changes.

6 Step 4: Edit the.config Linux kernel v mykernel Configuration by giving the command $ make menuconfig - Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs. This option also useful on remote server if you wanna compile kernel remotely. $ make xconfig - X windows (Qt) based configuration tool, works best under KDE desktop $ make gconfig - X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool, works best under Gnome Dekstop. [fosslab@fosslab Linux ~]$ make menuconfig Choose the required options from the menu. Select File system ---> DOS/FAT/NT Filesystems ---> NTFS file system support ---> enable NTFS write support (NEW). Exit the system and save changes to the new kernel configuration. Step 5: make bzimage which is used to compile the kernel.

To perform this user should be an admin or a root user. Else error will be displayed. Copy the bzimage file from my kernel using the commands and exit the root user.

7 To perform this user should be an admin or a root user. Else error will be displayed. Copy the bzimage file from my kernel using the commands and exit the root user. Step 6: make modules is used to build all the modules. Enter the command [fosslab@fosslab Linux ~]$ make modules Then list all the files in the folder /lib/modules/ using the ls command. [fosslab@fosslab Linux ~]$ ls l /lib/modules

Step 7: make initial ram disc command which is used at boot of the kernel. This command will display errors some modules missing. To fix the errors open the boot folder and list all the files in it.

8 Step 7: make initial ram disc command which is used at boot of the kernel. This command will display errors some modules missing. To fix the errors open the boot folder and list all the files in it. Commands used. initrd images contains device driver which needed to load rest of the operating system later on. Not all computer requires initrd, but it is safe to create one. Linux ~]$mkinitrd /boot/initramfs mykernel.img mykernel Linux ~]$ cd /boot Linux ~]$ ls l

9 Step 8: change module of the kernel file to read or write mode as in the above screen shot using chmod command.

10 Step 9: switch user to admin or as root user and edit the grub.conf file and make necessary changes to the file. Save and exit the file.

Change will be in the title of fedora replacing 2.6.35.6-45.fc14.i686.PAE as 2.6.35.7-mykernel.

11 Change will be in the title of fedora replacing fc14.i686.PAE as mykernel. root (hd0, 0) specifies primary partition of hard disc and the hard disc no ( hard disc drive c,d,e,f..etc) After completing this step give the command reboot to restart the kernel.

Step 10: when the system reboots open the terminal and give the command following commands: [fosslab@fosslab ~]$ uname r This command gives the correctly using kernel

12 Step 10: when the system reboots open the terminal and give the command following commands: ~]$ uname r This command gives the correctly using kernel information. As given in the screen shot. [fosslab@fosslab ~]$ modinfo ntfs This command gives the information about the modules used in ntfs file system of the new kernel configuration.

13 Step 11: next step is connecting or enabling kernel using the commands given in the screen shot. Result: Thus latest Linux kernel was downloaded from the web, source was configured, and kernel was compiled and installed in the client machine.

Linux Kernel Compilation

Linux Kernel Compilation from source to running Muli Ben-Yehuda mulix@mulix.org IBM Haifa Research Labs Linux Kernel Development, TAU Linux Workshop, July 2003 p.1/9 introduction In this talk, I will talk