Building a Rails Application
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- Emery Anderson
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1 Building a Rails Application
2
3 Let s get started! Use MySQL to create a depot_development database Create a new Ruby on Rails project called depot Make sure root password is included in Configuration/database.yml
4 Generate the product model Note the files that are generated. We are particularly interested in: product.rb the model 001_create_products.rb the database migration
5 001_create_products.rb Modify this file, and then apply the migration: class CreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up create_table :products do t t.column :title, :string t.column :description, :text end end t.column :image_url, def self.down drop_table :products end end :string
6 Got a Model, now how about a Controller? Generate a Controller called admin (leave Views blank for now) Add the following line into the class AdminController: scaffold :product Now Run the project! Point the browser to: localhost:3000/admin
7 Add a missing column Generate and apply a migration named add_price: class AddPrice < ActiveRecord::Migration end def self.up add_column :products, :price, :decimal, :precision => 8, :scale => 2, :default => 0 end def self.down remove_column :products, :price end
8 Validation! Refresh the browser to see the Price column But notice you can type anything you like (or nothing at all!) in the New Product form
9 product.rb class Product < ActiveRecord::Base end validates_presence_of :title, :description, :image_url
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11 product.rb class Product < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :title, :description, :image_url validates_numericality_of :price end
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13 more validation class Product < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :title, :description, :image_url validates_numericality_of :price validates_uniqueness_of :title validates_format_of :image_url, :with => %r{\.(gif jpg png)$}i, :message => "must be a URL for a GIF, JPG or PNG image" protected def validate errors.add(:price, "should be at least 0.01") if price.nil? price < 0.01 end end
14 Explanation of the Regular Expression Constructor is: %r{ pattern }options %r{\.} Escape the full stop so it is matched as a full stop, not interpreted ( any character ) %r{\.(gif jpg png)} Follow the full stop by gif, jpg or png %r{\.(gif jpg png)$} Match the pattern at the end of the line %r{\.(gif jpg png)$}i And make it case insensitive
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16 Prettier Listings The List of Products in the Admin view looks pretty poor. We will now explicitly generate the Scoffold and then customise it.
17 generate scaffold for model: product and controller: admin select overwrite existing files
18 exists app/controllers/ exists app/helpers/ exists app/views/admin exists app/views/layouts/ exists test/functional/ dependency model exists app/models/ exists test/unit/ exists test/fixtures/ skip app/models/product.rb identical test/unit/product_test.rb identical test/fixtures/products.yml create app/views/admin/_form.rhtml create app/views/admin/list.rhtml create app/views/admin/show.rhtml create app/views/admin/new.rhtml create app/views/admin/edit.rhtml create app/controllers/admin_controller.rb create test/functional/admin_controller_test.rb identical app/helpers/admin_helper.rb create app/views/layouts/admin.rhtml create public/stylesheets/scaffold.css
19 app/views/admin/list.rhtml <h1>listing products</h1> <table> <tr> <% for column in Product.content_columns %> <th><%= column.human_name %></th> <% end %> </tr> <% for product %> <tr> <% for column in Product.content_columns %> <td><%=h product.send(column.name) %></td> <% end %> <td><%= link_to 'Show', :action => 'show', :id => product %></td> <td><%= link_to 'Edit', :action => 'edit', :id => product %></td> <td><%= link_to 'Destroy', { :action => 'destroy', :id => product }, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :post %></td> </tr> <% end %> </table> <%= link_to 'Previous page', { :page } %> <%= link_to 'Next page', { :page } %> <br /> <%= link_to 'New product', :action => 'new' %>
20 Let s have some test data generate migration: add_test_data paste in the data from the web (Also copy images and depot.css) run the migration
21 First, link in a prettier stylesheet: depot.css Modify views/layouts/admin.rhtml <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" " <html xmlns=" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> <title>admin: <%= controller.action_name %></title> <%= stylesheet_link_tag 'scaffold', 'depot' %> </head> <body> <p style="color: green"><%= flash[:notice] %></p> <%= yield %> </body> </html>
22 Second, replace the dynamic column display Replace Views/admin/list.rhtml Will provide the file, which has a simple table-based layout Refresh the browser and it should like much tidier - hopefully!
23 <% for product %> <tr valign="top" class="<%= cycle('list-line-odd', 'list-line-even') %>"> <td> <img class="list-image" src="<%= product.image_url %>"/> </td> <td width="60%"> <span class="list-title"><%= h(product.title) %></span><br /> <%= h(truncate(product.description, 80)) %> </td>
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25 Creating the Catalogue Display Generate a Controller called store With a View called index Now point the browser to: localhost:3000/store
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27 store_controller.rb class StoreController < ApplicationController def = Product.find_products_for_sale end end
28 product.rb class Product < ActiveRecord::Base def self.find_products_for_sale find(:all, :order => "title") end # Validation stuff... validates_presence_of :title, :description, :image_url... end
29 index.rhtml <h1>your pragmatic catalogue</h1> <% for product -%> <div class="entry"> <%= image_tag(product.image_url) %> <h3><%= h(product.title) %></h3> <%= product.description %> <span class="price"><%= product.price %> </span> </div> <% end %>
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