User Centered Design Interactive Software Lifecycle

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1 Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Electrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática User Centered Design Interactive Software Lifecycle Human-Computer Interaction Beatriz Sousa Santos, 2012/2013

2 User centered design of interactive systems Complementary approaches to the design: Usability principles (technology independent) Usability paradigms (more technology dependent) Guidelines and standards (more specific) S/W development technologies Evaluation 2

3 We must know the successful cases (usability paradigms) Understand why they work (usability principles) Adopt adequate methodologies And test, re-design, test, re-design until usability goals are met 3

4 (Mayhew, 1999, chap.1) 4

5 Requirement Analysis User Profiles Establish user characteristics important for UI design Contextual Task Analysis Obtain a user-centered model of work as it is currently done; extract the product usability requirements Usability Goal Setting Establish specific quantitative and qualitative usability goals to drive UI design Platform Capabilities and Constraints Establish capabilities and constraints of the technology platform which limit UI design alternatives General Design Principles Identify principles and guidelines that may be relevant for the product under development 5

6 Design, Testing, Development Level 1 Work Reengineering Reengineer the current user work model to realize the potential of automation and more effectively support business goals Conceptual Model Design Establish a coherent and rule based, high level UI design framework to set the stage for design at lower levels Conceptual model Mock-ups Support evaluation, refinement, and validation of the Conceptual Model Design Iterative Conceptual Model Evaluation Evaluate, refine and validate the Conceptual Model Design 6

7 Design, Testing, Development Level 2 Screen Design Standards Establish a set of design standards to set the stage for detailed UI Design Screen Design Standards Prototyping Support the evaluation, refinement and validation of the Screen Design Standards Iterative Screen Design Standards Evaluation Style Guide Development Evaluate, refine, and validate the Screen Design Standards Document the Conceptual Model Design, the Screen Design Standards and the output of Requirement Analysis 7

8 Design, Testing, Development Level 3 Detailed User Interface Design Design the complete, detailed product User Interface Iterative User Interface Evaluation Evaluate, refine, and validate key subsets of the detailed User Interface Design Installation User Feedback Obtain usability data after a product has been installed and used Inform the UI Design for later releases or related products 8

9 General Philosophy behind the Usability Eng. Lifecycle (Mayhew, 1999) User interface design is key Integration of Usability Eng. with S/W Eng. must be tailored Requirements analysis pays off Design can be approached in a top down, structured process Design, testing, and development should be iterative The whole lifecycle can be layered across subsets of functionality There are several techniques for carrying out each lifecycle task Alternative techniques make the lifecycle flexible and adaptable Optimal implementation of the lifecycle requires cross-functional teams 9

10 Another example of methodology: "Designing the User Experience" The path to more usable products Four phases: - analysis - design - implementation - instalation

11 "Designing the User Experience" poster illustrates the path to more usable products.. Analysis Phase Meet with key stakeholders to set vision Include usability tasks in the project plan Assemble a multidisciplinary team to ensure complete expertise Develop usability goals and objectives Conduct field studies Look at competitive products Create user profiles Develop a task analysis Document user scenarios Document user performance requirements 11

12 . "Designing the User Experience" poster illustrates the path to more usable products. Design Phase Begin to brainstorm design concepts and metaphors Develop screen flow and navigation model Do walkthroughs of design concepts Begin design with paper and pencil Create low-fidelity prototypes Conduct usability testing on low-fidelity prototypes Create high-fidelity detailed design Do usability testing again Document standards and guidelines Create a design specification 12

13 "Designing the User Experience" poster illustrates the path to more usable products.. Implementation Phase Do ongoing heuristic evaluations Work closely with delivery team as design is implemented Conduct usability testing as soon as possible Deployment Phase Use surveys to get user feedback Conduct field studies to get info about actual use Check objectives using usability testing 13

14 User Interface design (from a S/W engineering perspective) (Sommerville, 2010, cap.29) 14

15 Non-functional requirements (Sommerville, 2010) 15

16 Main Bibliography Main bibliography Deborah Mayhew, The Usability Engineering Lifecycle, Morgan Kaufmann, 1999 Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering, 9th ed., Addison Wesley, Interesting Links %20Expert%20UI%20Evaluation%2009.pdf 16

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