Comparative Analysis of GUI Testing vs. HCI: Applying on Information Systems
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1 Proceedings of the 1st International Multi-Disciplinary Conference (IMDC), The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, PK, 23- Comparative Analysis of GUI Testing vs. HCI: Applying on Information Systems Junaid Ashraf Information Technology Department University of Gujrat, Gujrat Abstract This research is motivated on importance of HCI in the Graphical User Interface testing. The process depends upon the study of GUI testing according to the HCI perspective. Comparative analysis was done at the University Of Gujrat Information System (UOGIS). Based on the user experience and best practices suggested by the given literature, we have projected some strategies to deal overall system developers to make system according to HCI perspective so that different users that can use the system easily according to their needs and the design should influence the people interaction to the system. Index Terms Human Computer Interaction, User Interface, Command Base Interface, Graphical User Interface, Testing, Graphical User Interface Testing. I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays user friendly applications and systems are encouraged to be developed by the system developers. Computers play a very important role in changing of human lives. There are two types of interfaces command line and graphical user interface. Nowadays graphical user interface are used by the different types of users for their own purposes. Every user have different thought and use the graphical interface with different methods and for better and efficient use of an application or system we have to design a application and system that will provide the easy and better design for the different types of users.in this paper we have focused upon the information system of university of Gujrat.UOGIS is a web based application which is being used by the different people like faculty and students and administrative people of the University Of Gujrat. Human Computer Interaction is concerned with the study of design, creation and implementation of human-centric interactive computer systems. HCI deals with the portions like the user, the system and way to work together. And sometime it is also known as man-machine interfacing [13]. There are main three categories of HCI models: Visual-Based Sensor-Based Audio-Based Visual-Based: Hafsa S Dar Software Engineering Department University of Gujrat, Gujrat hafsa.dar@uog.edu.pk It is an extensive base area of the HCI. Some hot researches areas are in this portion are as follows: Analysis of the facial expressions of human Posture and gesture of human Eyes Tracking Sensor-Based: Different types of sensors involve in this section some of which are as follows: Joysticks Mouse and keyboard Pen-Based interaction Pressure sensor Haptic sensor Motion sensor Taste sensor Audio-Based: It is very important area in HCI system. It consists of following different parts: Musical Interaction Auditory emotions Human made Noise User interface is an interaction between people and system. There are different user interfaces of different systems. Functionality and usability are major terms of the HCI. Functionality is the set of actions and services which are being provided to the users of the system. Usability is effectiveness and satisfaction to the customers or end users [1]. Types of user Interface Graphical user interface Command base interface are also known as text base interface like UNIX, LINUX and it is for more powerful tasks. Testing is the assessment to find the errors in the system and GUI testing is to assessment of the errors from the Graphical environment. GUI is a interface design that allows people to interact with system by using different buttons, menus and Icons etc. It is a very important part of software systems. The main purpose of the testing is to provide the quality of product to the end users. GUI provides easy access to the users to the
2 specific application made by the developers. GUI technique for testing is source intensive and it is extended technique from earlier technique like command line interface [5, 6]. GUI is a major applications of the different systems some of which are as follows:[10] Computer System Mobile Phone TV Cars Browsers II. LITERATURE REVIEW Literature review is very important to write about research and understanding of background knowledge at any level about research. The literature in our research based on different journals, articles, publishers and books. Research is based on the 15 year past research which is already done. Our main research content is as follows: It consists of hardware like computer system microwave oven, cell phone, photocopier machine and software like word processor, desktop information system, and web based systems, search engine. Interaction It involves a communication between people and the system by using some parameters. These parameters are as follows [9, 11]. User Input System Output As shown in the following figure: Human Computer Interaction User interface Graphical user Interface Testing Graphical User Interface Testing HCI concerned with the study of design and implementation in computer systems and also the study of human and the technology and influence between people and technology.hci have a broad spectrum of philosophy and computer science deals with design and technology and social sciences interacts with system and its technology [1,11]. Users and system interaction occurs at interface for software and hardware. It is very essential for designer to make interactive design for people and the system [12].HCI design would meet the needs of human behavior and to improve the interaction of people with system and technology. HCI plays a major role in system design and its quality of best system depends upon the user interaction to the system. [10]. HCI main factors: Some common factors are follows: People System / Technology Interaction User Interface People These are user or group of users who use the relevant system for their specific purpose in the organization. System / Technology FIGURE 1 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM User Interface User interface is a system for the interaction of people with system and have both hardware and software components [13]. User Interface is a medium between user and system. There are many user interfaces of different systems. Functionality and usability are major terms of the HCI. Functionality is the set of actions and services which are being provided to the users of the system. Usability is effectiveness and satisfaction to the customers or end users [1]. Types of user Interface Graphical user interface Command base interface
3 It is also known as text base interface like UNIX, LINUX and it is for more powerful tasks. Graphical User Interface GUI is a major part of a desktop software system, web based applications and mobile applications [7, 13]. GUI (Graphical User Interface) is the graphical representation of a software system. GUI provides the interaction of people with computer who is computer literate people [6]. GUI provides freedom to the customers or end users and it have a major importance in the software engineering field and is a common point of interaction between system and end users [2,3]. GUI provides different interfaces like graphical icons, visual indicator and text based interfaces [6]. GUI accomplishes the presentations of different application and forms within applications and it provide different users access to the system easily [8]. Testing is the main component of the software engineering process. Purpose of this process is to make quality product. Software testing is one major part of a Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), as mentioned in [2, 4]. Software testing is an evaluation procedure to correctness of errors, form the developed computer software systems, and meet the needs of the customer and end users [8]. Quality of product depends upon best software testing practices. Through the software testing we can achieve confidence in software functionality according to the expected outcomes [5]. GUI sometime known as gooee [6].GUI testing is for a human Activity.It is a difficult task to test the GUI of the system [7]. The main purpose of GUI testing is to make sure GUI provided to the customers or end users with full access and navigation according to functionality of the application. GUI testing also makes sure that application is according to the industry standard. GUI also provides front end facilities to the users to interact with the system [6]. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) may be measured as a collection of widgets related to event handlers where tasks are assigned to event handler for individual events. GUI testing techniques are source intensive technique [5]. GUI testing process consists of 4 stages 1. Low Level draws to unit test stage 2. Application stage functional or unit test 3. Integration deals with functional testing 4. Nonfunctional stage deals with nonfunctional test [8]. Types of GUI Testing Functional Testing Non-Functional Testing Functional Testing: Functional testing consists of following different test: Checklist Testing: It is a re-usable test of simple documenting. It also provides the documents check for low level components. Navigation Testing: Navigation testing is to integrate different windows in the application for the user. Application Testing: It is normally form based testing its main focus is on the behavior of the objects in the window. Desktop Integration Testing: Pc or workstation is not for the single application. Application should be integrated with other application in the same desktop. Client/server communication Testing: It is a complement of desktop integration testing. Synchronization Testing: It is a scenario where two windows are displays, one is used to make change in a piece of data on window and other is used to change the state of data in a database. Non-Functional Testing: Non-Functional Testing consists of following test: Soak Testing: It is a common for the client and middleware applications and is used for the transaction system. Compatibility Testing: These tests are normally used for to demonstrate resources shared on other desktop applications. Environment Testing: This testing is applied upon the different types of applications that have different types of environment. Development model companies are working on [8]. III. PROBLEM DOMAIN Software testing is an important part for removing defects from the system. In this context GUI testing holds importance when it comes to testing graphical user interfaces. And at the same time HCI gives reasons to justify the current use of computers by humans. We have studied past material on GUI testing and HCI to analyze the fine line between them. So far there is no analysis present in the future to differentiate GUI
4 testing from HCI. We aim to bridge this gap by our comparative study. IV. CASE STUDY As our study is comparison between two techniques, we are aiming to apply this study on case study. Table I is detailed description of our case study: TABLE I CASE STUDY DESCRIPTION FEATURES CASE STUDY Title UOGIS Organization University of Gujrat Used Since 2009 Users More than 10k Type of users Students, faculty & administrative staff It has different modules used by various types of users. We will gather information on interfaces and its use. V. RESEARCH METHOD Our proposed research method is survey based applied on case study. Past material will be studied in detail. After that, case study will be analyzed in detail to know real life scenarios and application of GUI techniques. Later on a theoretical model, based on best practices, will be proposed to enhance the usability and user experience. This model will be designed and implemented on UOG. Research method is shown in the following figure 2: FIGURE 2 PROPOSED RESEARCH METHOD VI. EXPECTED RESULT We are expecting to implement our proposed model. The model is supposed to overcome the issues that we have identified in literature. These issues are inherited from testing and human computer interaction VII. FUTURE WORK This work is basically focusing on GUI testing and HCI comparison. We have focused on single educational Information systems interfaces. There are diverse areas on which our research can be enhanced. Future works are: 1. application of this model on android applications 2. analysis of this model on big data values 3. Pakistan Government websites are also facing serious issues and loopholes regarding user interfaces. These sites can also be considered while adapting this model. ACKNOWLEDGMENT It would have not been possible to work without the opportunity provided by Dr. Javed Anjum Sheikh. We are also thankful to SDC, UOG for providing us relevant information about UOGIS. REFERENCES MODE L CASE STUDY ( UOGIS ) LITERATURE REVIEW ( PAST MATERIAL ) 1. I.Begum Hci and its effective use in design and development of good user interface, ijret: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, Volume: 03, Special Issue: 03, May A.Rauf, S. Anwar, M. A. Jaffer, A. A. Shahid, Automated GUI Test Coverage Analysis using GA, IJRET: 2010 Seventh International Conference on Information Technology, I.A.Qureshi, A. Nadeem, GUI Testing Techniques: A Survey, International Journal of Future Computer and Communication, Vol. 2, No. 2, April A. A., Sinha M, Web Application Testing: A Review on Techniques, Tools and State of Art, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 2, February ISSN
5 5. A. Rauf, A. Jaffar and A. A. Shahid, Fully Automated Gui Testing And Coverage Analysis Using Genetic Algorithms, International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control ICIC,Volume 7, Number 6, June A. Rauf, Coverage Analysis for GUI Testing, FAST National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, July E. Dolstra, R. Vliegendhart and J. Pouwelse, Crowdsourcing GUI Tests, P. Gerrard, Testing GUI Applications, EuroSTAR 97, November D. Parmar, Human Computer Interaction, F. Karray, M. Alemzadeh, J. A. Saleh and M. N. Arab, Human-Computer Interaction: Overview on State of the Art, International Journal On Smart Sensing And Intelligent Systems, Vol. 1, No. 1, March Feb 2009, Oct K. Y. Huang, Challenges in Human-Computer Interaction Design for Mobile Devices, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2009 Vol I, WCECS 2009, October 20-22, 2009, San 13. T. Capes, User Interfaces in Computing, March 7, 2011, Oct F. Karray, M. Alemzadeh, J.A. Saleh and M.N. Arab, Human-Computer Interaction: Overview on State of the Art, International Journal On Smart Sensing And Intelligent Systems, Vol. 1, No. 1, March P. Kortum, HCI Beyond the GUI, Design for Haptic, Speech, Olfactory, and Other Nontraditional Interfaces, 2008
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