Information and documentation International Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI)

Transcription

1 ISO 2007 All rights reserved ISO TC 46/SC 9 N 457 Date: ISO/WD ISO TC 46/SC 9 Secretariat: SCC Information and documentation International Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI) Information et documentation Identifiant international normalisé pour les collections (ISCI) Warning This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Document type: International Standard Document subtype: Document stage: (20) Preparatory Document language: E Z:\Branches\Documentary Heritage Collection\Intellectual Management Office\Standard\ISO\SC9 work space (see JT before using)\docs\sc9n457.doc STD Version 2.1c2

2 Copyright notice This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While the reproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standards development process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ISO. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to ISO's member body in the country of the requester: ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel Fax copyright@iso.org Web Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Violators may be prosecuted. ii ISO 2007 All rights reserved

3 Contents Page Foreword...iv Introduction...v 1 Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Structure and syntax of the ISCI ISCI metadata Administration of the ISCI system...4 Annex A (normative) Administration of the ISCI system...5 Annex B (informative) Exchange of ISCI metadata...6 Bibliography...7 ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii

4 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. ISO was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 9, Identification and description. Annex A of this International Standard is normative. Annex B is for information. iv ISO 2007 All rights reserved

5 Introduction ISO TC46 has developed standard identifiers for a wide variety of entities. However, a standard identifier for collections and fonds has not been built. In the past there has not been a need for such an identifier, either, but the situation has changed. There is now a large number of collections and fonds and a broad range of organisations hosting them. These collections and fonds can be physical or electronic, partly physical and partly electronic, or virtual; they can be available either on-line in the Internet or off-line. The need for identifying collections and fonds has emerged with introduction of metasearch engines, which do or will include collection descriptions as a means of helping the patrons to locate relevant information. An identifier is generally seen as one of the key metadata elements of collection description; while it is possible to use local identifiers, in an environment where global exchange of this kind of metadata is anticipated, usage of local identifiers is not a good option. Local collection or fond identifiers do not enable either efficient searching or duplicate detection. The aim of this standard is to enable a system which requires neither a large and expensive international centre nor large national/ regional centres, even if tens or hundreds of thousands of collections and fonds are identified. ISO 2007 All rights reserved v

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7 WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD Information and documentation International Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI) 1 Scope The purpose of this International Standard is to establish the specifications for the International Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI) as a unique international identification system for each collection and fond and part(s) of collections and fonds. It specifies the structure of an identifier, and promotes the use of the identifier respecting the already existing identifying systems. Any issues related to cataloguing of collections and fonds in general such as defining a collection or fond are dealt with in NISO standard Z X, Collection description specification and related documents. Each identified collection or fond must however be described as defined in clause 5. Mandatory metadata elements are listed in Annex B. The International Standard Collection Identifier is intended for use by information related organisations such as libraries, museums and archives. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 15511:2003, Information and documentation International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations (ISIL) Internet Engineering Task Force. URN Syntax. RFC ). May NISO Z X 2), Collection description specification. (Draft Standard for Trial Use). Bethesda, MD (U.S.A.): NISO, Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 collection gathering of documents assembled on the basis of some common characteristic, without regard to their provenance [ISO 5127 : 2001] 1) Available from: 2) Available from: ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1

8 3.2 country code code that represents the current names of countries, dependencies and other areas of particular geopolitical interest, on the basis of lists of country names obtained from the United Nations [ISO :1997]. 3.3 fond whole of the records, regardless of form or medium, organically created and/or accumulated and used by a particular person, family, or corporate body in the course of that creator's activities and functions [ISAD-G, 1999] 3.4 ISIL international standard identifier for libraries and related organisations [ISO 15511:2003] 3.5 library identifier alphanumeric element of the ISIL designed to accommodate existing national systems of library identification or newly-assigned identifiers for libraries or related organisations [ISO 15511:2003] 3.6 memory institution library, archive or museum 3.7 organisation library or related organisation: agency, archive, business, educational or government institution, museum, or other body of a cooperative nature and units subordinate to such body that are capable of providing a service, producing a product, conducting a program or holding resources in the documentary/bibliographic/information field. Programs and projects administered by an organisation are excluded. [ISO 15511:2003] 4 Structure of the International Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI) 4.1 General structure The ISCI is a variable length identifier consisting of the following three components, in order : a) the identifier for the organisation (ISIL); b) a delimiting character (:) as separator; c) an organisation-specific (local) collection identifier string. The ISIL component may contain one or more colons. However, colons shall not be included in the collection identifier component. Therefore the parsing rule is that the delimiting character shall be the last colon within the ISCI string. This can be expressed formally in the following way: <ISIL>:<Local collection identifier string> EXAMPLES: 1 FI-H:Fennica The National Library of Finland, Fennica collection 2 [An example of an ISCI with multiple colons will be provided in later drafts] 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved

9 4.2 Identifier for the organisation (ISIL) An ISIL identifies an organisation, or one of its subordinate units, which is responsible for an action or service in a bibliographic environment (e.g. creation of machine-readable information). It can be used to identify the originator or holder of a resource (e.g. library material or archive fond). The ISIL consists of a prefix and an organisation identifier, separated by a hyphen-minus (-). Prefix may be either country code as specified in ISO (two uppercase letters), or a non-country code prefix registered by the International ISIL Agency. Collections or fonds scattered in sundry locations (physically or virtually) and/or hosted by several organisations can use either the ISIL of the principal host or register a joint ISIL with the national agency. International or multinational collections and fonds can either use the ISIL of the principal host, or register a global non-country code prefix with the International ISIL Agency as specified in clause 6. The structure and registration of the ISIL is defined in ISO Separator The delimiting character used to separate the identifier for the organization (ISIL) component and the local collection identifier component shall be a colon (:). 4.4 Local collection identifier The local collection identifier string is an identifier indicating the collection or fond and its part(s). As the local collection identifier can be used the names or identifiers which the organisations have already assigned for their collections and fonds, provided they are in accordance with the general principles of ISCI. The local collection identifier is variable length. It may contain up to 12 characters, using unmodified letters from the basic Latin alphabet (a-z), Arabic numerals (0-9), and special characters. Latin letters modified with one or more diacritics and letters from alphabets other than Latin shall not be used. The special character colon (:) shall not be used either since the last colon in the string acts as the delimiting character of the identifier itself. COMMENT: * Alternative proposition for numeric identification supplied by AFNOR (France): Would not it be simplier to use the same only numeric number wherever the collection is located? It doesn't seem necessary for us that the ISCI contains in its syntax the ISIL identifier. For example the Oldenburg collection would have the identifier: isci: This collection is preserved partly in Institute of Oriental Studies partly in Hermitage. To locate the collection we could have two "relative" identifiers, one for each location : <ISIL of IOS>:isci: <ISIL of Hermitage>:isci: It is also possible to link these identifiers to a more global collection, for example Dunhuang collection which would have for example its own identifier isci: In the descriptive metadata of the collection isci: , we would have an element <is part of> with the value : isci: ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3

10 The description of Dunhuang collection would have an element <has part> with the values isci: of course but also isci: for collection Pelliot, etc. The Pelliot collection is preserved partly by French National Library partly by Guimet Museum, so we would have for this collection : <ISIL of BnF>:isci: <ISIL of Guimet>:isci: Some advantages could be found in such a solution : the identifier has no meaning and it is always better when it is possible; it is not necessary to define the "principal host". I assume it could be difficult, very diplomatic in some cases; it would be great to navigate from the identification of a collection to another and it could make easier the research on internet; it is also more acceptable for non Latin countries to adopt a numeric identifier for their collections ; two institutions could disagree about the alphabetic name or code given to a collection or a fond; there is no risk that some repositories ask the same short name for different collections. 5 ISCI metadata Each collection or fond identified with ISCI must also be catalogued. While practices applied for collection description will vary from one country and initiative to the next, there has to be a core set of metadata provided by each organisation using ISCI. NISO Z39.91, Collection description specification should be used. Mandatory metadata elements are described in Annex B. Hosts maintaining collection metadata sets should be prepared to share this data using The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting, version 2.0 or later. 6 Administration of the ISCI system The Registration Authority for this International Standard shall be the International ISCI Agency 3). As far as memory institutions are concerned, each country is responsible for the assignment of collection identifiers within its borders. In this case, at the national level, the ISCI system will be administered by appropriate national agencies whose role is widely accepted by the memory institutions within the country. Preferably this would be the same agency which is responsible for the assignment of ISIL. Organisations creating or hosting international or multinational collections or fonds may also choose to utilise an ISIL tailored to the needs of the initiative. This can be acquired directly from the International ISIL Agency 4). COMMENT FROM DENMARK ON THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPH: --> The ISIL RA don't assign individual ISIL. The ISIL/RA only assigns National Agencies and Agencies for non-country code prefixes. It will be possible to assign a Agency for international/multinational collections - but a body outside ISIL/RA must apply to handle the administration of such a Agency. 3) Nominated Registration Authority for the future ISO 27730: International ISCI Agency, Danish Library Agency, H.C. Andersens Boulevard 2, DK 1553 Copenhagen K. 4) International ISIL Agency, c/o Danish Library Agency, H.C. Andersens Boulevard 2, DK 1553 Copenhagen K. Telephone: isil@bs.dk. Website: 4 ISO 2007 All rights reserved

11 Each organisation hosting collections and/or fonds (e.g. archive, library, museum) can administer its local collection identifiers, once the organisation has an ISIL. The organisations can assign ISCI s with no support from ISCI international or national agency, but may ask assistance from these agencies if needed. Identification and cataloguing of shared virtual collections and fonds should be administered jointly by the participating institutions. ISO 2007 All rights reserved 5

12 Annex A (normative) Administration of the ISCI system A.1 General The ISCI system is an identification system for interested parties. Use of the ISCI is voluntary for memory institutions. It shall be administered by the International ISCI Agency and by designated national ISCI Agencies with the specifications outlined in A.2 and A.3 below. COMMENT FROM DENMARK: For future development and public relation the ISIL/RA will not take responsibilities. So recommend a kind of advisory board. Idea: the national ISIL/ISCI registration agencies form an advisory board. A.2 International ISCI Agency COMMENT: Following discussions with the Danish Library Agency (Biblioteksstyrelsen; we propose that the ISCI international centre will be hosted by the Danish Library Agency. The ISCI International Centre responsibilities will be relatively limited; it should, with the assistance of the ISIL/ISCI national centres, keep track of those organizations which assign collection identifiers, and provide assistance and support for them. There should be no need for the International Agency to compile a physical union catalogue such as the ISSN database. It is foreseen that collection metadata (and identifiers with it) will be exchanged directly between organizations hosting metasearch portals, and eventually there may be one or more organizations which may try to build exhaustive global union catalogues of harvested collection metadata. A.3 National ISCI agencies National ISCI agencies should assist organisations in acquisition of ISILs (if needed) and create a registry of organisations assigning ISCIs. They may also harvest collection descriptions from local and regional portals into a national union catalogue. Agencies should also support organisations in the usage of ISCI and NISO Z X. A.4 Organisation-specific (local) assignment Each organisation hosting collections and fonds (e.g. archive, library, museum) can administer its local collection identifiers, once the organisation has got an ISIL. The organisations can assign ISCIs with no support from ISCI international or national agency, provided that the stipulations of the ISCI standard are followed. 6 ISO 2007 All rights reserved

13 Annex B (informative) Exchange of ISCI metadata Exchanging collection metadata with OAI-PMH allows for creation of national and even international physical union catalogues. This will be convenient for portal hosts and users, but only if the quality of the metadata and the union catalogues is satisfactory. While ISCI will provide basis for duplicate control, it is not sufficient as such. Portal hosts must also follow similar cataloguing principles, and the records provided must share at least a minimum set of metadata elements. NISO Z X should be used for cataloguing, or at least it should be possible to convert internal metadata format into NISO Z The following metadata elements in NISO Z39.91 are mandatory: a) Title b) Description c) Language d) Collection Identifier e) Subject f) Is Located At/Is Accessed Via. In addition to the domestic language(s), textual data should be provided at least in English. Language of each tag should be indicated properly, so as to enable automated processing of the data. Note that description of service(s) via which the collection or fond may be available via the Internet is not part of the collection description. Service descriptions (for instance, technical depiction of a Z39.50 and/or SRU server via which the collection or fond is searchable) are supposed to be built and maintained separately, using NISO Z X Service description specification. Is Accessed Via facilitates a link between the two descriptions. ISO 2007 All rights reserved 7

14 Bibliography [1] Berners-Lee, T. [et al.]: Uniform resource identifier (URI): Generic syntax. RFC 3986, January Available from: [2] ISAD-G General International Standard Archival Description, Second edition, Available from: [3] ISO 2108, Information and documentation International Standard Book Number (ISBN). [4] Lagoze, Carl & Van de Sompel, Herbert: The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting. Version Available from: 8 ISO 2007 All rights reserved