Class X Chapter 4 Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Transcription

1 Class X Chapter 4 Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) I. Crossword Clues Across 5. This element defines a paragraph in HTML. 6. This element is used to move/scroll the text in a web page. 8. This attribute of FONT element is used to specify the font in which you want the text to be displayed. 9. This attribute is used to display 2D horizontal rules. 10. These are the building blocks of an HTML page. Down 1. This element is used to globalise the font for the entire web page. 2. This attribute of BODY element is used to specify the background colour for the web page. 3. This element is used to insert comments in an HTML document. 4. It is the special code that describes to the web browser how parts of a HTML document are to be processed. 7. This element is used to specify that the enclosed text is a part of or the whole computer program. II. State three facts about: 1. HTML 2. Tags 3. HR Element 1

2 4. Logical elements 5. Heading elements III. Observe and answer Identify the HTML elements along with their attributes (if any) that have been used to create the marked sections in the following web page. a b c (a) (b) (c) (d) d IV. Application-oriented Questions 1. Write the HTML code to do the following. (a) Display a horizontal rule of red colour (b) Create a paragraph whose text colour is blue. 2. Identify which of the following is a tag or an attribute? FONT, TEXT, BACKGROUND, CENTER, SIZE 3. Manu wants to create a web page displaying the following chemical equations. (a) MgO+H 2 O=Mg(OH) 2 (b) CuSO 4 +Fe=FeSO 4 +Cu Which HTML element should she use to represent these equations correctly? Also write the HTML code to write the above equations. 2

3 4. Write the HTML code to display the web page given below. Keep these points in mind while writing the HTML code. The title of the page should be Nice Thought. Set the background color of the web page to Tomato. Choose the Font size 8,Face Algerian, Color Purple, for the text Always Remember. Use marquee for the text Always Remember. Set behavior of marquee as alternate. Display a horizontal line with size 4 and color silver. For the paragraph text, set font size=7, face=pristina and colour=aqua. Display a horizontal line with size 4 and colour silver. 5. Raman wanted to create a 2D horizontal rule in the web page. So he used NOSHADE attribute with the <HR> element as shown in the following HTML command. <HR NOSHADE COLOR="BLUE" SIZE="12"> But when he viewed the web page in the web browser, he found a 3D horizontal rule of blue colour in the page. Can you tell why this happened? 6. Kapil is creating a web page. He wants to display the following text in his web page. Paragraph is used to create distinct subdivisions of the text. The paragraph element indicates the start of a paragraph in the HTML document. Write the HTML code Kapil should type in order to accomplish the task. 3

4 I. Crossword Answers II. State three facts about: 1. Three facts about HTML are: (a) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a text markup language that lets you create documents (web pages) for display on the Web and informs web browsers about how to display the web pages. (b) It is made up of two terms: hypertext and markup. (c) It was created by Tim Berners-Lee in late 1991, but the first standard HTML specification 2.0 was published in Three facts about tags are: (a) Tags describe how a web page should be displayed. (b) They label pieces of content, such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on. (c) An HTML tag starts with a less than sign (<) followed by the tag name and ends with a greater than sign (>). 3. Three facts about HR element are: (a) The HORIZONTAL RULE (HR) element is used to create a horizontal line (rule) in an HTML page. It is used to visually break up the sections of a document. (b) It is an empty element and has no closing tag. (c) There are various attributes used with <HR> element such as align, width, size, noshade and color. 4. Three facts about logical elements are: (a) Logical elements indicate the general description of a web page. These elements are used to define the structural importance of the text. (b) They can be used any number of times in the web page. (c) They are browser dependent. 5. Three facts about the heading elements are: (a) The heading elements are used to specify the web browser that a piece of text is a heading. (b) They are used to logically organize a page into separate sections with section headings for easier comprehension. 4

5 (c) HTML provides six levels of heading, which are defined by the tags <H1> to <H6>, where <H1> defines the largest font and <H6> defines the smallest font. III. Observe and answer (a) <H1 ALIGN="CENTER">, <U> (b) <H4 ALIGN="CENTER">, <I> (c) <HR SIZE="5" COLOR="BLUE"> (d) <P ALIGN="CENTER"> IV. Application-oriented Questions 1. (a) <HR COLOR="RED"> (b) <P> <FONT COLOR="BLUE">.. </FONT> </P> 2. Tags: FONT, CENTER Attributes: TEXT, BACKGROUND, SIZE 3. Manu should use SUBSCRIPT element <SUB> to display the chemical equations. The HTML code segment to display the above chemical equations is as follows. (a) MgO+H<SUB>2</SUB>O=Mg(OH) <SUB>2</SUB> (b) CuSO<SUB>4</SUB>+Fe=FeSO<SUB>4</SUB>+Cu 4. The HTML code for the given web page is: <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Nice Thought</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY BGCOLOR="Tomato"> <MARQUEE BEHAVIOR="Alternate"><FONT SIZE="8" FACE="Algerian" COLOR="PURPLE"> Always Remember</FONT></MARQUEE> <HR SIZE="4" COLOR="SILVER"> <P><FONT SIZE="7" FACE="Pristina" COLOR="AQUA"><B> <PRE> Live Life Laugh Lots Love Forever </PRE></B></FONT></CENTER></P> 5

6 <HR SIZE="4" COLOR="SILVER"> </BODY> </HTML> 5. Raman has used the COLOR and NOSHADE attributes together in the given code. When these attribute are used together, the COLOR attribute makes the NOSHADE attribute ineffective. 6. In order to display the given text, Kapil should type the following HTML code segment. <B>Paragraph</B> is used to create distinct subdivisions of the text. The <I>paragraph</I> element indicates <B><U>the start of a paragraph</u></b> in the HTML document. 6