Creating Charts and PivotTables

Transcription

1 10 Creating Charts and PivotTables LESSON SKILL MATRIX Skill Exam Objective Objective Number Building Charts Create charts based on worksheet data. 6.1 Formatting a Chart with a Quick Style Formatting the Parts of a Chart Manually Modifying the Chart Creating PivotTables Create charts based on worksheet data. 6.1 Show or hide data markers Create a sparkline chart Use Line chart types Use Column chart types Use Win/Loss chart types Customize a sparkline Format a sparkline KEY TERMS axis chart chart area chart sheet data labels data marker data series embedded chart legend legend keys plot area PivotTable sparkline title 304

2 Creating Charts and PivotTables 305 Fourth Coffee owns espresso cafes in 15 major markets. Its primary income is generated from the sale of trademarked, freshly brewed coffee and espresso drinks. The cafes also sell a variety of pastries, packaged coffees and teas, deli-style sandwiches, and coffee-related accessories and gift items. In preparation for an upcoming budget meeting, the corporate manager wants to create charts to show trends in each of the five revenue categories for a five-year period and to project those trends to future sales. Because Excel allows you to track and work with substantial amounts of data, it is sometimes difficult to see the big picture by looking at the details in a worksheet. With Excel s charting capabilities, you can summarize and highlight data, reveal trends, and make comparisons that might not be obvious when looking at the raw data. You will use charts, PivotTables and several other useful tools to filter and present the data for Fourth Coffee. SOFTWARE ORIENTATION The Insert Tab The Insert tab contains the command groups you ll use to create charts in Excel (see Figure 10-1). To create a basic chart in Excel that you can modify and format later, start by entering the data for the chart on a worksheet. Then, you can select that data and choose a chart type to graphically display the data. Simply by choosing a chart type, a chart layout, and a chart style all of which are within easy reach on the Insert tab s ribbon you will have instant professional results every time you create a chart. Charts Types within the Chart Group Slice Command Button Sparklines Group Figure 10-1 Insert tab Use this illustration as a reference throughout this lesson as you become familiar with and use Excel s charting capabilities to create attention-getting illustrations that communicate an analysis of your data.

3 306 Lesson 10 The Bottom Line BUILDING CHARTS A chart is a graphical representation of numeric data in a worksheet. Creating a chart is quick and easy in Excel, and the program provides a variety of chart types from which to choose. To build a chart in Excel, you must first select the data that will be included in the chart, then choose the type of chart in which you want to display the data. When you want to create a chart or change an existing chart, you can choose from 11 chart types and numerous subtypes. Table 10-1 gives a brief description of each Excel chart type. Table 10-1 Chart types Icon Chart Name Function Data Arrangement Column Useful for showing data changes Columns or rows over a period of time or illustrating comparisons among data. Line Useful for showing trends in data at Columns or rows equal intervals. Displays continuous data over time set against a common scale. Values are represented as points along a line. Pie Useful for showing the size of items One column or row in one data series, proportional to the sum of the items. Data points are displayed as a percentage of a circular pie. Bar Useful for illustrating comparisons Columns or rows among individual items. Useful when axis labels are long or values are durations. Values are represented as horizontal rectangles. Area Useful for emphasizing magnitude of Columns or rows change over time; can be used to draw attention to the total value across a trend. Shows relationship of parts to the whole. Values represented as shaded areas. Scatter Useful for showing relationships Columns or rows among the numeric values in several data series or plotting two groups of numbers as one series of XY coordinates. Stock Useful for illustrating the fl uctuation Columns or rows in a of stock prices or scientifi c data. specifi c order Surface Useful for fi nding optimum Columns or rows combinations between two sets of data. Use this chart when categories and data series are numeric values.

4 Creating Charts and PivotTables 307 Doughnut Useful for displaying the relationship Columns or rows of parts to a whole; can contain more than one data series. Values are represented as sections of a circular band. Bubble Useful for comparing three sets of Columns with x values values. The third value determines in fi rst column and y the size of the bubble marker. values in adjacent columns Radar Useful for showing the trends of Columns or rows values relative to a center point; represents values as points that radiate from the center. Lines connect values in the series. Selecting Data to Include in a Chart Excel s Ribbon interface makes it incredibly simple to create a chart. As you will see in the following exercise, you can create one of the common chart types by clicking its image on the Insert tab. More important than the chart type, however, is the selection of the data you want to display graphically. What aspects of the data do you want viewers to notice? The answer to that question is a major factor in selecting an appropriate chart type. In this exercise, you will learn to select data for use in an Excel chart that returns your calculations and data in a color-coded pie chart with sections identified by numbers, legends, titles, and other various data information. STEP BY STEP Select Data to Include in a Chart GET READY. Before you begin these steps, LAUNCH Microsoft Excel. The Financial History file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. WileyPLUS Extra! features an online tutorial of this task. 1. OPEN the Financial History file for this lesson. 2. Select B4:B10 (the 2004 data) on the Sales History worksheet. 3. On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Pie button. Click the first 2-D Pie chart. A color-coded pie chart with sections identified by number is displayed and the Chart Tools tabs (Design, Layout, and Format) become available, with the Design tab active. This chart, however, doesn t work: It includes the column label (2004) and total sales amount as its two largest portions, and these amounts should not be included in an analysis of sales for Click in the chart s white space and press Delete. The chart is now deleted and the Chart Tools tab disappears.

5 308 Lesson Select B5:B9, click the Insert tab, click Pie in the Charts group, and click the first 2-D Pie chart. The correct data is displayed, but the chart is difficult to interpret with only numbers to identify the parts of the pie as illustrated in Figure Figure 10-2 Pie chart before formatting Predefined chart layouts Chart Styles Chart Tools Tab Inserted Chart Selected data range Troubleshooting When you insert a chart into your worksheet, the Chart Tools tabs (Design, Format, and Layout) become available in Excel s Ribbon with the Design tab active by default. You must select the Insert tab on the Ribbon each time you want to insert a chart. 6. Click in the chart s white space and press Delete. 7. Select A4:B9, click the Insert tab, and click Pie in the Charts group. Click the first 2-D Pie chart. As illustrated in Figure 10-3, the data is clearly identified with a title and a label for each pie section.

6 Creating Charts and PivotTables 309 Figure 10-3 Formatted pie chart 6.1 How do you select appropriate data sources for charts? 8. CREATE a Lesson 10 folder and SAVE the workbook as Building Charts. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise. This exercise illustrates that the chart s data selection must contain sufficient information to interpret the data at a glance. You will improve the display in subsequent exercises when you apply predefined layouts and styles. Excel did not distinguish between the column B label and its data when you selected only the data in column B. Although the label is formatted as text, because the column label was numeric, it was interpreted as data to be included in the graph. When you expanded the selection to include the row labels, 2004 was correctly recognized as a label and displayed as the title for the pie chart. When you selected data and created a pie chart, the chart was placed on the worksheet. This is referred to as an embedded chart, meaning it is placed on the worksheet rather than on a separate chart sheet, a sheet that contains only a chart. Choosing the Right Chart for Your Data You can create most charts, such as column and bar charts, from data that you have arranged in rows or columns in a worksheet. Some charts, such as pie and bubble charts, require a specific data arrangement. The pie chart cannot be used for comparisons across periods of time or for analyzing trends. The column chart works well for comparisons. In a 2-D or 3-D column chart, each data marker is represented by a column. In a stacked column, data markers are stacked so that a column represents a data series. In this exercise, you learn how to create a column chart to illustrate the significant increase in coffee and espresso sales at Fourth Coffee during a five-year period.

7 310 Lesson 10 STEP BY STEP Choose the Right Chart for Your Data USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. On the Sales History worksheet, click on the pie chart s white space and press Delete to delete the pie chart. Troubleshooting To delete a chart, click in the white space then press the Delete key on your keyboard. If you click on the graphic or another chart element and press Delete, only the selected element will be deleted. 2. Select A4:F9, click the Insert tab, and click Column in the Charts group on the Insert tab. Click 3-D Clustered Column on the drop-down list (first subtype under 3-D Column). The column chart illustrates the sales for each of the revenue categories for the five-year period. The Chart Tools tab appears with the Design tab active. 3. Anywhere on the chart, click, hold and drag the chart below the worksheet data and position it at the far left. 4. Click outside the column chart to deselect it. Notice that the Chart Tools tab disappears. 5. Select A4:F9, click the Insert tab, and click Line in the Charts group. Click 2-D Line with Markers (first chart in the second row). Position the line chart next to the column chart. Note that the Chart Tools tab is on the Ribbon with the Design tab active. Refer to Figure Figure 10-4 Bar chart and line chart Tools on design tab change to accommodate line chart type Selected Data Range Active Line Chart 6.1 How do you select appropriate chart types to represent data sources? 6. SAVE the workbook with the same name, Building Charts. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise.

8 Creating Charts and PivotTables 311 The column and line charts provide two views of the same data, illustrating that the chart type you choose depends on the analysis you want the chart to portray. The pie chart, which shows values as part of the whole, accurately displayed the distribution of sales for one year. Column and line charts allow you to make comparisons over a period of time as well as comparisons among items. The line chart you created in this exercise is shown in Figure The chart includes data markers to indicate each year s sales. A data marker is a bar, area, dot, slice, or other symbol in a chart that represents a single data point or value that originates from a worksheet cell. Related data markers in a chart constitute a data series. The line chart is a good analysis tool. The chart you created illustrates not only the growth in coffee and espresso sales, but reveals a modest increase in bakery sales and static activity in the sale of packaged products. Figure 10-5 Line chart with data markers Data Markers Creating a Bar Chart Bar charts are similar to column charts and can be used to illustrate comparisons among individual items. Data that is arranged in columns or rows on a worksheet can be plotted in a bar chart. Clustered bar charts compare values across categories. Stacked bar charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole of that item. The side-by-side bar charts you create in this exercise illustrate two views of the same data. You can experiment with chart types and select the one that best portrays the message you want to convey to your target audience. STEP BY STEP Create a Bar Chart USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. Click the Expense History workbook tab. 2. Select A4:F9. Click the Bar icon in the Charts Group on the Insert tab. Take Note A ScreenTip displays the chart type name when you rest the mouse pointer over a chart type or chart subtype. 3. Click the Clustered Bar in 3-D subtype. The data is displayed in a clustered bar chart and the Design tab is active on the Chart Tools tab. 4. Position the clustered bar chart on the left below the worksheet data. 5. Deselect the chart by clicking anywhere on the worksheet; select A4:F9. On the Insert tab, click the Bar icon in the Charts group. 6. Click Stacked Bar in 3-D. 7. Position the stacked bar graph next to the 3-D bar graph. 8. SAVE and CLOSE the workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE Excel open to use in the next exercise.

9 312 Lesson 10 The Charts group on the Insert tab contains six of the eleven chart types. To create one of these charts, select the worksheet data and click the icon. You can insert one of the other five chart types by clicking the Charts Dialog Box Launcher to open the Change Chart Type dialog box shown in Figure Figure 10-6 Change chart type dialog box Change types in the chart group Change Chart Type Dialog Box Navigation Pane Active Chart Tools Tab Change Chart Type Dialog Box Another Way You can open the Insert Chart dialog box by clicking Other Charts and then clicking All Chart Types at the bottom of the drop-down list. When you click a chart type in the left pane of the dialog box, the first chart of that type is selected in the right pane. You can also scroll through the right pane and select any chart subtype. When you apply a predefined chart style, the chart is formatted based on the document theme that you have applied. The Metro theme was applied to the Financial History workbook. The Metro theme colors were therefore applied to the charts you created in the preceding exercises. The Bottom Line FORMATTING A CHART WITH A QUICK STYLE After you create a chart, you can instantly change its appearance by applying a predefined layout or style. Excel provides a variety of useful quick layouts and quick styles from which you can choose. As shown in Figure 10-7, when you create a chart, the chart tools become available and the Design, Layout, and Format tabs are added to the Ribbon. Figure 10-7 Chart tools tab activates when a chart is inserted Shape formatting tools Chart Tools Tab Format Tab Shape Quick Styles Word Art Quick Styles Text formatting tools

10 Creating Charts and PivotTables 313 Formatting a Chart with a Quick Style Predefined layouts and styles are timesaving features that you can use to enhance the appearance of your charts. Quick styles, as defined by Microsoft, are the Chart Styles available on the Chart Style group of the Design Tab in the Chart Tools tab. They are Quick Styles because you can click them in an instant instead of searching through the Chart Styles Gallery. In this exercise, you will apply a Quick Style to your chart. STEP BY STEP Format a Chart with a Quick Style GET READY. LAUNCH Microsoft Excel if it is not already open. The Financial History file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the Financial History file for this lesson. 2. On the Expense History worksheet tab, select A4:A9. Press Ctrl and select F4:F9. You have selected two nonadjacent ranges to use for your chart. 3. On the Insert tab, click Pie in the Charts group and click Pie (the first option on the left) under 2-D. The 2008 data is displayed on the chart and the Design tab is active. Figure 10-8 Quick Style applied to chart Chart Layout Quick Styles Chart Quick Styles Selected data range Selected data range Active Chart

11 314 Lesson In the Chart Layouts group on the Design tab, click Layout 1. The pie chart now displays the percentage that each sales category contributes to total sales. When you apply Layout 1 and Style 4 to the expense chart, additional information is added to the chart and the appearance changes. 5. In the Chart Styles group, click Style 4. The chart s color scheme is changed. Position the chart below the data. You have just applied a Quick Style. 6. On the Sales History worksheet, select A4:A9. Press Ctrl and select F4:F9. You have again selected nonadjacent cell ranges to use in the next chart. 7. Click Bar in the Charts group and click Clustered Horizontal Cylinder (third row). The clustered bar chart appears on the worksheet. 8. Drag the chart below the worksheet data (see Figure 10-8). 9. Click Layout 2 in the Chart Layouts group on the Design tab. Click Style 4 in the Chart Styles group. You have applied your second Quick Style. 10. SAVE the workbook as Chart Styles. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise. Take Note To see all predefined styles, click the More arrow in the Chart Styles Group. The Bottom Line FORMATTING THE PARTS OF A CHART MANUALLY The Format tab provides a variety of ways to format chart elements. To format a chart element, click the chart element that you want to change, then use the appropriate commands from the Format tab. The following list defines some of the chart elements you can manually format in Excel. These elements are illustrated in Figure 10-9: Chart area: The entire chart and all its elements. Plot area: The area bounded by the axes. Axis: A line bordering the chart plot area used as a frame of reference for measurement. Title: Descriptive text that is automatically aligned to an axis or centered at the top of a chart. Data labels: Text that provides additional information about a data marker, which represents a single data point or value that originates from a worksheet cell. Legend: A box that identifies the patterns or colors that are assigned to the data series or categories in a chart. Figure 10-9 Chart elements Plot area Chart Title Chart area Legend Axis Data label Axis Axis label

12 Creating Charts and PivotTables 315 Changing a Chart s Fill Color or Pattern Use commands on the Format tab to add or change fill colors or patterns applied to chart elements. Select the element to format and launch the Format dialog box or use the commands in the Shape Styles group on the Format tab to add fill color or a pattern to the selected chart element. When you select any chart element and click Format Selection, an element-specific dialog box opens. For example, if you click the data series, the Format Data Series dialog box opens. The Shape Fill color choices are those associated with the theme applied to the worksheet. You can use the Shape Fill command to fill any shape with color, gradient, or texture. In this exercise, you will customize the look of your chart by modifying the fill colors and patterns. STEP BY STEP Change the Chart s Fill Color or Pattern USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. Click in the chart area of the Clustered Horizontal Cylinder chart on the Sales History worksheet to display the Chart Tools on the Ribbon. 2. Click the Format tab and click Format Selection in the Current Selection group. The Format Chart Area dialog box opens. See Figure Figure Format chart area dialog box Format Selection Button Format Chart Area Navigation Pane Format Chart Area Dialog Box Format Chart Area Options Pane Take Note To display the Chart Tools, you must select the chart. If a worksheet cell is active, the Design, Layout, and Format tabs are not available. 3. Select Solid fill. Click the Color arrow and click Olive Green, Accent 3, Lighter 40%. A light green fill has been added to the entire background chart area. 4. Select Picture or texture fill. Click the Texture arrow and click Newsprint (center of selection options). The textured format replaces the color fill as the background in the chart area.

13 316 Lesson Click Close to close the dialog box. 6. In the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and click Plot Area. The plot area in the chart becomes active as illustrated in Figure Figure Chart elements area Chart Elements Options Box Plot Area Selection in Drop-down List Selected Data Range Active Plot Area of Chart 7. Click the More arrow next to the colored outlines window in the Shape Styles group. The Outline Colors Style Gallery opens. 8. Mouse over the Outline Style gallery to locate and click Subtle Effect Blue, Accent 1. This applies a light blue gradient style to the plot area. 9. In the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and click Legend. This action makes the legend inside the chart active. Press Delete. Take Note Legend Keys appear to the left of legend entries and identify the color-coded data series. Because this chart contains only one data series, the legend is unnecessary. 10. SAVE your workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise. When you use the mouse to point to an element in the chart, the element name appears in a ScreenTip. You can select the element you want to format by clicking the arrow next to the Chart Elements box in the Current Selection group on the Format tab. Figure shows the list of chart elements in the bar chart on the Sales History worksheet. This list is chart specific. Legend will no longer be listed after you deleted that element from the chart. When you click the arrow, the list will include all elements that you have included in the displayed chart.

14 Creating Charts and PivotTables 317 Changing the Chart s Border Line You can outline any or all chart elements. Just select the element and apply one of the predefined outlines or click Shape Outline to format the shape of a selected chart element. You can apply a border around any chart element as well as around the entire chart. Select an element or the chart and use the colored outlines in the Shape Styles group on the Format tab, or click Shape Outlines and choose a Theme or Standard color for the border. STEP BY STEP Change the Chart s Border Line USE the workbook you saved in the previous exercise. 1. In the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and click Chart Area. The chart area section on the chart becomes active. 2. Click the more arrow next to the colored outlines window in the Shape Styles group. The Outline Colors Style Gallery opens. 3. Scroll through the outline styles to locate and click Colored Outline Blue, Accent 1. The chart is outlined with a light blue border. 4. In the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and click Plot Area. 5. Mouse over the Outline Style gallery to locate and click Colored Outline Red, Accent 2. A red border is placed around the plot area. 6. In the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and click Walls. This activates the walls inside your chart. Mouse over the Outline Style gallery to locate and click Colored Outline Black, Dark 1. Your chart will resemble Figure Figure Formatted chart elements Selected Data Range Applied Outline Style Applied walls 7. SAVE your workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise.

15 318 Lesson 10 Formatting the Data Series The chart is a communication tool, and you use formatting to call attention to significant data. When you clarified the chart title in the pie chart, you clarified the chart s contents. In this exercise, you make the bar chart s content easier to understand when you add a data series and format the series to call attention to the figures. You can apply fill color to the data series; outline the series with a border; change the shape; or add special effects to the columns, bars, and so on, that represent the data series. STEP BY STEP Format the Data Series USE the workbook you saved in the previous exercise. 1. Select the chart on the Sales History worksheet. Click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and select Series This makes the cylinders in the chart active. 2. In the Shape Styles group, click Shape Fill. The color gallery opens. 3. Point to Texture. Click Denim. Your chart cylinders have now had the Denim texture applied. 4. Click the arrow in the Chart Elements selection box and click Series 2008 Data Labels. The data labels in your chart are now active. 5. Click Shape Outline in the Shape Styles group. This opens the color gallery. 6. Click Blue under Standard Colors. 7. Mouse over the data series for coffee and espresso on the bottom cylinder to activate the crosshair cursor. Click and hold the left mouse button to drag the data series above the bar so that the label is completely visible. See Figure Figure Move a formatted data series Formatted Data Series Moving Data Series Denim texture applied 8. Click the Expense History worksheet tab. In the Chart Elements selection box click Chart Title. Place your insertion point behind the 8 and key Expenses at the end of the existing text. You have edited the chart title, and it should read 2008 Expenses. 9. SAVE the workbook. CLOSE the workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE Excel open to use in the next exercise.

16 Creating Charts and PivotTables 319 Take Note The data series is the most important element of the chart. Use formatting tools to call attention to the graphic and the label. Modifying a Chart s Legend You can modify the content of the legend, expand or collapse the legend box, edit the text that is displayed, and change character attributes. A finished chart should stand alone that is, the chart should contain sufficient data to convey the intended data analysis. In the chart you modify in this exercise, changing the font colors in the legend to match the blocks in the columns provides an additional visual aid that enables the viewer to quickly see the income contribution for each category. In the next exercise, you will learn to modify a chart s legend. STEP BY STEP The Financial History file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. Take Note WileyPLUS Extra! features an online tutorial of this task. Figure Formatted legend Modify a Chart s Legend OPEN the Financial History file for this lesson. 1. On the Sales History worksheet, select the cell range A4:F9. 2. Click Column in the Charts group on the Insert tab; the Column chart options menu appears. 3. Select Stacked Column in 3D from the Column chart menu; the chart is inserted and the Chart Tools tabs become available. 4. Click the more arrow at the bottom right of the Chart Layouts group When the Layout gallery opens, click Layout 4. The legend has moved and appears below the plot area. When you applied Layout 4 to the column chart, the legend was placed at the bottom of the chart. You can click the legend border and move it to any location on the chart. All other elements of the quick layout will remain the same. 5. Click to select the chart s legend and in the Outline styles, click the Colored Outline Blue, Accent 1 style. This will enclose the legend in a light blue border as illustrated in Figure Format Selection Button Formatted Legend

17 320 Lesson With the legend still selected right-click to display the shortcut menu. Click Font; the Font dialog box appears. 7. In the Font dialog box, select Small Caps in the Effects option area and click OK. This applies the small capital letter format to the text in the legend. 8. Place your mouse cursor directly on the text for Coffee and Espresso in the legend; right-click to display the shortcut menu and click Font. The Font dialog box opens. 9. In the Font dialog box, click the Font color button, and then click Green from the dropdown color palette. Click OK to apply the color to the Coffee and Espresso legend text and close the dialog box. 10. Repeat step 9 for each legend item and apply the following font colors: Bakery: Red Coffee Accessories: Orange Packaged Coffee/Tea: Light Blue Deli: Blue 11. SAVE the file as Chart 1. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise. The Bottom Line MODIFYING A CHART You can modify a chart by adding or deleting elements or by moving or resizing the chart. You can also change the chart type without having to delete the existing chart and create a new one. Adding elements to a chart can provide additional information that was not available in the data you selected to create the chart. For example, the stacked column chart you worked with in the preceding exercise does not have a title and it does not indicate that the sales amounts are in thousands. That kind of information can be displayed in labels. Labels make it easy to understand chart data. You can display series names, category names, and percentages in data labels. To prevent data labels from overlapping, and to make them easier to read, you can adjust their positions on the chart. In this exercise, you learn to use the Layout tab commands to add chart labels. STEP BY STEP Add Elements to a Chart USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. With the chart still active click the Layout tab. 2. Click Axis Titles in the Labels group, then point to the Primary Vertical Axis Title in the drop-down menu that appears; the Primary Vertical Axis Title options list is displayed. 3. Click Vertical Title. An Axis title text box appears in the chart. Select the Axis Title text, and key (In Thousands) in the title text box. 4. Click Chart Title in the Labels group. Click Above Chart in the drop-down menu that appears. A text box displaying Chart Title is inserted above the columns. 5. Select the text and replace it with Sales History. 6. Click Data Labels in the Labels group. Click None. The Labels are removed from each column in the chart. Click on Data Labels again to restore the labels showing the dollar amount of sales in each category. Take Note Because of the chart size, the data labels are difficult to read. You will correct this in a subsequent exercise. 7. Click Gridlines in the Axes group. Point to Primary Horizontal Gridlines and click Major Gridlines. 8. In the Labels group, click Axis Titles then and point to Primary Horizontal Axis Title. The drop-down menu appears.

18 Creating Charts and PivotTables Click Title Below Axis. 10. Key Annual Sales in the Axis Title text box as illustrated in Figure Figure Editing an Axis title Edited Horizontal Axis Title Another Way Rather than select and replace the text in the text boxes, you can key the new text in the formula bar. When you press Enter, the new text replaces the generic text in the title boxes. Formatted Legend 11. SAVE the workbook with the same name. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise. Deleting Elements from a Chart When a chart becomes too cluttered, you may need to delete nonessential elements. You can use the Layout tab commands to delete chart elements, or you can select an element on the chart and press the Delete key. You can also select an element in the Current Selection group and press Delete. You will use this next exercise to delete elements from the chart. STEP BY STEP Delete Elements from a Chart USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. On the Layout tab in the Labels group, click Axis Titles and point to Primary Horizontal Axis Title. Click None. There is now no horizontal axis title in the chart. 2. Click Gridlines in the Axes group, point to Primary Horizontal Gridlines. Click None. There are now no gridlines in the chart.

19 322 Lesson Click the Design tab and click Switch Row/Column. The data display is changed to have all sales for one category stacked as illustrated in Figure Figure Using switch row/column Switch Row/Column Command Button Chart with Switch Row/Column Command applied Another Way You can also delete a chart element by rightclicking on the element and pressing Delete. 4. Click Switch Row/Column to Undo. 5. SAVE the workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next exercise. Take Note It is important to remember that whether the chart is embedded in the worksheet or located on a chart sheet, the chart is linked to the worksheet data. Any changes in the worksheet data will be reflected in the chart. Likewise, if the worksheet data is deleted, the chart will be deleted as well. Moving a Chart When you insert a chart, by default, it is embedded in the worksheet. You can click a corner of a chart or the midpoint of any side to display move handles (four-sided arrow). You can use the move handles to drag the chart to any location on the worksheet. Sometimes you want a chart to be on a chart sheet so that it can be reviewed without the worksheet data. In this exercise, you will move charts in the workbook.

20 Creating Charts and PivotTables 323 STEP BY STEP Move a Chart USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. Click a blank area in the Sales History chart to deselect any previous actions. 2. Mouse over the chart to activate the move pointer (crosshairs). Click, hold and drag the chart so that it is centered in columns B to G. 3. The chart remains selected. Click the Design tab. 4. Click Move Chart in the Location group. The Move Chart dialog box shown in Figure opens, with the default setting New Sheet selected. This setting places the chart as an object in a new worksheet. Figure Move chart dialog box Move Chart Dialog Box Chart Worksheet Destination 5. The New Sheet selection option is selected in the dialog box, key Sales History Chart in the text box. Click OK. A chart sheet is inserted before the Sales History sheet. The chart sheet becomes the active sheet, and the Chart Tools tabs are displayed as illustrated in Figure Figure Chart sheet created

21 324 Lesson On the Layout tab, in the Labels group, click Legend. Click Show Legend at Right; the legend moves to the right side of the chart in the chart sheet, which makes the elements in the chart easier to read. Take Note The Chart Tools that you used on the Design, Layout, and Format tabs can be applied to the chart sheet. The data series amounts were difficult to read when you applied them to the embedded chart. They are easy to read and can be used for analysis when the chart is moved to a chart sheet. 7. SAVE and CLOSE the workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE Excel open to use in the next exercise. You can move chart elements or move the entire chart. In previous exercises, you moved an embedded chart by dragging it to a new location. When you move the chart to a new sheet, it becomes even more important for the chart to be self-explanatory. Moving the legend to the right makes it easier to identify the building blocks in the stacked columns. Resizing a Chart You can click a corner of a chart or the midpoint of any side to display sizing handles (two-sided arrow). Use the side handles to change chart height or width. Use the corner sizing handles to change both height and width. Increasing the size of a chart makes it easier to read, especially an embedded chart. Be cautious when you reduce the size of a chart, however. Titles and legends must be readable. In this exercise you will learn to resize the chart. STEP BY STEP Resize a Chart GET READY. LAUNCH Microsoft Excel if it is not already open. The Financial History 2 file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the Financial History 2 file for this lesson. 2. Click a blank area in the chart on the Expense History worksheet to make the chart active and display the Chart Tools tabs. 3. Click the top-left sizing handle and drag the left edge of the chart to the bottom of row 9 at the left edge of the worksheet. You are using the sizing handles to resize the chart. 4. Click the top-right sizing handle and align the right edge of the chart with the column G right boundary. 5. Click the bottom-center sizing handle and drag the chart boundary to the bottom of row 35 as shown in Figure

22 Creating Charts and PivotTables 325 Figure Resizing chart with sizing handles Resize Handle 6. Click the Sales History worksheet tab to make the Sales History worksheet active. Click a blank area in the chart. Click the Format tab. 7. In the Size group, click the Shape Height up arrow until the height is In the Size group, click the Shape Width down arrow until the width is SAVE the workbook as Chart 2. CLOSE the workbook. PAUSE. LEAVE Excel open to use in the next exercise. Choosing a Different Chart Type For most 2-D charts, you can change the chart type and give it a completely different look. If a chart contains multiple data series, you can also select a different chart type for any single data series, creating a combined chart. You cannot combine a 2-D and a 3-D chart, however. STEP BY STEP Choose a Different Chart Type GET READY. LAUNCH Microsoft Excel if it is not already open. The Financial History file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the Financial History file for this lesson. 2. On the Expense History worksheet, select A4:F9. 3. On the Insert tab, click Bar and click Stacked Bar in 3-D. This inserts the stacked bar in a 3-D chart into your worksheet. The Design tab becomes active as soon as the chart is inserted into the worksheet. 4. Click Layout 2 in the Charts Layout group. 5. Select the chart title text box and key Expense History. 6. On the Design tab, click Change Chart Type. 7. Click Stacked Horizontal Cylinder in the Change Chart type dialog box. Click OK. 8. On the Sales History worksheet, select A4:B9. On the Insert tab, click Pie. Click Pie under Pie 2D.

23 326 Lesson Click Layout 1 on the Design tab. 10. Click Change Chart Type and click Exploded Pie in 3-D. Click OK. 11. SAVE the workbook as Chart 3. CLOSE the workbook. CLOSE Excel. The Bottom Line CREATING PIVOTTABLES A PivotTable report is a collaborative way to quickly condense large amounts of data. Use a PivotTable report to analyze and display the numerical data in detail and to answer unforeseen questions about your data. In this exercise, you will learn to create basic pivottables. A PivotTable report is especially designed for: Querying large amounts of data in many different ways. Subtotaling and gathering numeric data, summarizing data by categories and subcategories, and creating custom calculations and formulas. Expanding and collapsing levels of data to filter your results, and drilling down finer points from the summary data for areas of importance. Moving rows to columns or columns to pivot rows to examine different summaries of the data. Filtering, sorting, grouping, and conditionally formatting the most useful and interesting subset of data to enable you to focus on the information that you want. Providing concise, eye-catching, and interpreted online or printed information. Creating and Adding Data to a Basic PivotTable You often use a PivotTable report when you want to examine and analyze related totals. Examples are when you have a long list of figures to calculate or you want to compare several facts about each piece of numerical data. In this exercise, you will create a basic PivotTable report. STEP BY STEP Create and Add Data to a Basic PivotTable Report OPEN Financial History from the student data files. The Financial History file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. On the Sales History worksheet, select cells A4:G9. 2. On the Insert tab, click the PivotTable icon to access the drop-down menu, and then click PivotTable. The Create PivotTable dialog box opens. Accept the defaults as shown in Figure Figure Create PivotTable dialog box WileyPLUS Extra! features an online tutorial of this task. 3. Click OK. The PivotTable Tools tab appears on the Ribbon. It contains an Options tab (default) and Design tab. Your screen should resemble Figure

24 Creating Charts and PivotTables 327 Figure New PivotTable in worksheet PivotTable are a in Worksheet PivotTable Tools Tab Options Tab in PivotTable Tools PivotTable Field List Report Filter Box 4. On the right side of the screen, in the PivotTable Field list, click to place check marks in each box for the years and Total. You have now formatted your basic PivotTable report. 5. Click and hold on Total in the field list, then drag it to the Report Filter box as shown in Figure 10-22, then release. The Total filter now appears in cells A1:B1. Figure Dragging total to report filter Dragging Total data to Report Filter Box

25 328 Lesson Move the new sheet to the end of the workbook. Rename the worksheet PivotTable. Take Note When you click on any empty cell on the PivotTable, the Field list will disappear. To make it reappear, you simply need to click on any active cell that is showing data. 7. SAVE the PivotTable as Financial History PivotTable. LEAVE the workbook open for the next exercise. After you create the initial PivotTable report by defining the data source, arranging fields in the PivotTable Field List, and choosing an initial layout, you can perform the additional tasks as you work with and improve a PivotTable report, including: Exploring the data: Once initially created, you can expand and collapse data, and show the essential facts that pertain to the data. You can sort, filter, and group fields and data items. You can edit summary functions, and create custom calculations and formulas. Changing the form layout and field arrangements: You can edit the PivotTable report to display it in compact, outline, or tabular form. You can add, rearrange, and remove fields and also edit the order of the fields or items. Change the layout of columns, rows, and subtotals: Excel enables you to turn column and row field headers on or off, or display or hide blank lines, display subtotals above or below their rows, and adjust column widths on refresh. You also can move a column field to the row area or a row field to the column area, and merge or unmerge cells for outer row and column items. Change the display of blanks and errors: You can change how errors and empty cells are displayed, change how items and labels without data are shown, and display or hide blank lines. Changing the format of the PivotTable: You can apply manual and conditional formatting to cells and ranges, and you can edit the overall look by applying a PivotTable format style. Adding Data from Another Worksheet to the PivotTable In this exercise, you will add data from another worksheet in your workbook PivotTable. STEP BY STEP Add Data from Another Worksheet to the PivotTable USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. On the Expense History worksheet, select cells A4:G9. 2. On the Insert tab, click the PivotTable icon then Click PivotTable. The Create PivotTable dialog box opens. Click the Existing Worksheet radio button as shown in Figure Figure Create PivotTable dialog box

26 Creating Charts and PivotTables Click on the PivotTable worksheet and highlight cells A8:F9. These cells should now be visible in the Create PivotTable dialog box as seen in Figure Click OK. A new PivotTable with the data from the Expense History worksheet has now been inserted into the PivotTable worksheet. Figure Settings in the Create PivotTable dialog box 4. Your data from the Expense History sheet is now viewable in the PivotTable sheet. 5. Format the data to the worksheet by selecting the check boxes for the years and Total in the PivotTable Field List. Click, hold and drag Total to the Report filter box. 6. SAVE the workbook as Sales vs. Expenses PivotTable. LEAVE the workbook open for the next exercise. Adding Charts to the PivotTable A PivotTable chart is an essential tool to help organize and arrange specific data from workbooks or worksheets. STEP BY STEP Add a Chart to the PivotTable USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. On the PivotTable worksheet, select cells A3:F4. 2. On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click Column, 2D, Clustered Column. You have inserted the Clustered Column chart to reflect the data from the Expenses PivotTable. 3. Click, hold, and drag the chart to the left side, aligning the top with Row 12. You have moved the chart for better viewing. 4. Select cells A8:F9. Click on the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click Bar, 2D, Clustered Bar. You have inserted the Clustered Bar chart to reflect the data from the Expenses PivotTable. You will be able to differentiate the data easier by having unlike charts on the worksheet. 5. Click, hold, and drag the Bar chart to be adjacent below the first chart (Row 29). 6. Click on the Column chart to activate. In the Chart Layout group, click Layout 1. The new layout has changed the style of the chart. 7. In the Chart Styles group, choose and apply Style 4. Note that the style of the chart has changed. 8. Edit the Chart Title to read Sales History. You have retitled the chart. 9. Click on the Bar chart to activate. In the Chart Layout group, click Layout 2. Note that the style of the chart has changed. 10. In the Chart Styles group, choose and apply Style 5. The new layout can be seen applied in the workbook.

27 330 Lesson Edit the Chart Title to read Expense History. Your completed charts are visible in Figure Figure PivotTable with charts Expense PivotTable and Chart Data Active PivotChart Tools Sales PivotTable Chart inactive Expense PivotTable Chart active 12. SAVE the workbook as Sales_Expenses_Charts. LEAVE the workbook open for the next exercise. NEW to Office 2010 Using the Slicer to Bring Data Forward In previous versions of Microsoft Excel, you could use report filters to filter data in a PivotTable report, but it was not easy to view the current filtering state when you chose to filter on multiple data. New to Microsoft Excel 2010, you have the option to use slicers to filter the data. Slicers are easy-to-use filtering mechanisms that contain a set of buttons that allow you to quickly filter the data in a PivotTable report, without the need to open drop-down lists to find the items that you want to filter. In addition to quick filtering, slicers also indicate the current filtering state, which makes it easy to understand what exactly is shown in a filtered PivotTable report. When you select an item, that item is included in the filter and the data for that item will be displayed in the report. In this exercise you create two simple slicers to filter your data. STEP BY STEP Use the Slicer to Bring Data Forward USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. The PivotTable worksheet is still active. Click on cell A4 to select it. 2. Click on the Insert tab and click on the Slicer icon. The Insert Slicers dialog box appears, as shown in Figure

28 Creating Charts and PivotTables 331 Figure Insert Slicers dialog box 3. In the Insert Slicers dialog box is a check box list of the data from the PivotTable. Click to select the Total check box and click OK. The slicer is now inserted in the worksheet and the Slicer Tools tab on the Ribbon is now active. 4. To move the Slicer, click, hold, and drag it next to the Sales History chart in column G as shown in Figure Figure Newly inserted slicer Slicer Quick Styles Slicer Tools Tab Active New Slicer Inserted

29 332 Lesson Right-click on the Slicer to access the short-cut menu. Click Slicer Settings. The Slicer Settings dialog box opens. 6. The insertion point appears in the Name text box. Key Sales Slicer. Press Tab twice. 7. The insertion point is now in the Caption text box. Key Sales Total 2004 and click OK. 8. On the Slicer Tools Options tab on the Ribbon, in Slicer Styles, choose Slicer Style Light 2. The toolbar should resemble Figure Figure Slicer Tools tab Formatting Tools Slicer Quick Styles Object Tools Sizing Tools How do you use the Slicer to bring data forward? 9. Click to activate cell A Repeat steps 2 through 7, substituting Expenses Slicer and Expenses Total 2004, and move it next to the Expense History chart. 11. In Slicer Styles, choose and apply Slicer Style Light 3. The slicer s styles have been formatted to match their respective charts. 12. SAVE the workbook as Sales_Expense_Slicers. LEAVE the workbook open for the next exercise. When you use a regular PivotTable report filter to filter on multiple items, the filter indicates only that multiple items are filtered, and you have to open a drop-down list to find the filtering details. However, a slicer clearly labels the filter that is applied and provides details so that you can easily understand the data that is displayed in the filtered PivotTable report. Slicers are usually associated with the PivotTable in which they are created. However, you can also create stand-alone slicers that are referenced from Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) Cube functions (database), or that can be associated with any PivotTable at a later time. NEW to Office 2010 Adding Sparklines to a PivotTable Sparklines make it easy to show a data trend. Data presented in a row or column is useful, but patterns can be hard to spot at a glance. The context for these numbers can be provided by inserting sparklines next to the data. New to Microsoft Excel 2010, a sparkline is a tiny chart in a worksheet cell that provides a visual representation of data. Taking up a small amount of room, a sparkline can display a trend based on adjacent data in a clear and compact graphical representation. You can use sparklines to show trends in a series of values, such as sales increases or decreases, economic cycles, or to highlight maximum and minimum values, without having to build a detailed chart in your worksheet. It is best to position a sparkline closest to its data for best results. Unlike charts on an Excel worksheet, sparklines are not objects a sparkline is actually a tiny chart in the background of a cell. Because a sparkline is a tiny chart embedded in a cell, you can enter text in a cell and use a sparkline as its background. In the next exercise, you will apply a sparkline to the worksheet.

30 Creating Charts and PivotTables 333 STEP BY STEP Add Sparklines to a PivotTable USE the workbook from the previous exercise. 1. In the PivotTable worksheet, highlight cells A4:E4. 2. On the Insert tab, in the Sparklines group, click on the Line icon. The Create Sparklines dialog box appears. This will allow you to insert a Sparkline Line chart into the destination cell. Take Note There are three types of sparkline charts in Excel 2010 line, column, and win/loss. 3. Click cell J19 to add the cell to the Location Range as shown in Figure Click OK. The newly created sparkline is inserted into the worksheet. Note that the Sparkline Tools Design tab is now active on the Ribbon. Figure Sparklines tools active on the ribbon Column Sparkline Chart Type Line Sparkline Chart Type Sparkline Tools Tab Win/Loss Sparkline Chart Type PivotTables Formatted Chart Formatted Slicer Newly inserted Line style Sparkline How do you create a Sparkline? Right-click on the column J header to format the width to a size of Right-click on the Row 19 header and format to the height of 45. Click on J19 to make it active. It was deselected when you formatted the column and row. 6. On the Sparklines Design tab, in the Show group, place checkmarks in all 6 options. These options are for data settings on the sparkline itself. They Show: high point, low point, negative point, first point, last point, and markers. If you do not select any of these show points, then you will just have a basic line in the cell. As you activate these options, you will see the sparkline change with each click as well as your sparkline itself. 7. In the Sparkline Style group, choose and apply Sparkline Style Accent 2, Darker 50%. The style of the sparkline has now been formatted. 8. In cell J19, key Sales History Trend. Press Enter. 9. Click on the Sparkline. From the Home tab, center the text and decrease the font to size 8. Sparklines allow text to be entered into the background as labels. You have just added a label, aligned it, and resized it.

31 334 Lesson Repeat steps 1 through 7 to create a second sparkline using the following criteria: Sparkline type: Column Data from cells: A9:E9 Location cell: J38 Row 38 height: 45 Show group: all options Sparkline style: Sparkline Style Accent 3, Darker 50% Cell text: Expense History Trend, centered, size 8, top aligned Your completed sparklines should resemble the image in Figure Figure Completed Sparklines in worksheet How do you format a sparkline? Completed Sparklines How do you customize a sparkline? 11. SAVE the workbook as Sales_Expenses_Sparklines. CLOSE the workbook. LEAVE Excel open for the next exercise. You can quickly see the relationship between a sparkline and its underlying data, and when your data changes, you can see the change in the sparkline immediately. In addition to creating a single sparkline for a row or column of data, you can create several sparklines at the same time by selecting multiple cells that correspond to underlying data, as shown in Figure How do you create a Line chart sparkline?

32 Creating Charts and PivotTables 335 Figure Data ranges in sparklines Edit Sparkline Data Dialog Box Selected Data Range Sparkline created from Data Range How do you create a Column chart sparkline? How do you create a Win/Loss chart sparkline? You can also create sparklines for rows of data that you add later by using the fill handle on an adjacent cell that contains a sparkline. One advantage of using sparklines is that, unlike charts, sparklines are printed when you print a worksheet that contains them. Creating a PivotChart Report A PivotChart report provides a graphical representation of the data in a PivotTable report. A PivotChart report displays data series, categories, data markers, and axes just as typical charts do. You can change the chart type and other options such as the titles, the legend placement, the data labels, and the chart location. Like a PivotTable report, a PivotChart report is interactive. Modifications that you make to the field layout and data in the associated PivotTable report are instantly reflected in the PivotChart report. STEP BY STEP Create a PivotChart Report OPEN the Financial History PivotTable you created earlier in this lesson. 1. Click on cell B20. This will be the cell where your PivotChart will be inserted. 2. On the Insert tab, click the PivotTable down arrow icon and then click Insert PivotChart in the drop-down menu that appears. The Create PivotTable with PivotChart dialog box opens with the Select a Table or Range option selected by default.

33 336 Lesson In your worksheet, highlight cells A3:F4; the reference to these cells appears in the Table/Range text box, indicating that the data in these cells is to be analyzed. In the Location text box at the bottom of the dialog box, a reference to cell B20 appears, as shown in the Existing Worksheet Location: box. Figure Figure Create PivotTable with Pivotchart dialog box 4. Click OK. The PivotChart appears in your worksheet, accompanied by PivotChart report filters in the chart area so that you can sort and filter the essential data of the PivotChart report. The PivotChart Tools tab becomes active with the following tabs in it: Design, Layout, Format, and Analyze. 5. Just as you chose data in the previous exercise for the PivotTable, you will place check marks in all the boxes for the data in the PivotTable Field list and click, hold, and drag Sum of Total to the Report Filter. 6. Click, hold, and drag your new PivotChart below the Data as shown in Figure Figure New PivotChart report Chart Quick Styles PivotChart Tools Tab PivotTable Chart 7. SAVE the PivotChart as Sales_Expense_PivotChart. CLOSE the workbook. CLOSE Excel.

34 Creating Charts and PivotTables 337 SKILL SUMMARY In This Lesson You Objective Learned How To: Exam Objective Number Building Charts Create charts based on 6.1 worksheet data. Formatting a Chart with a Quick Style Manually Formatting the Parts of a Chart Modifying a Chart Creating PivotTables Create charts based on 6.1 worksheet data. Show or hide data markers Create a sparkline chart Use Line chart types Use Column chart types Use Win/Loss chart types Customize a sparkline Format a sparkline Knowledge Assessment Matching Match each vocabulary term with its definition. a. axis f. data marker b. chart g. data series c. chart area h. embedded chart d. chart sheet i. legend e. data labels j. title 1. A box that identifies the patterns or colors that are assigned to a data series or categories in a chart. 2. A graphical representation of numeric data in a worksheet. 3. A bar, area, dot, slice, or other symbol in a chart that represents a single data point or value that originates from a worksheet cell. 4. A chart that is placed on a worksheet rather than on a separate sheet. 5. A sheet in a workbook that contains only a chart. 6. The entire chart and all its elements. 7. Related data points that are plotted in a chart. 8. A line bordering the chart plot area used as a frame of reference for measurement. 9. Descriptive text that is automatically aligned to an axis or centered at the top of a chart. 10. A label that provides additional information about a data marker, which represents a single data point or value that originates from a worksheet cell.

35 338 Lesson 10 Multiple Choice Select the best response for the following statements. 1. Which chart type shows values as parts of a whole? a. Column b. Bar c. Area d. Pie 2. What type of chart appears on a worksheet with other data? a. Chart sheet b. Embedded c. PivotChart d. Mixed 3. What part of a chart do you click when you want to select the entire chart? a. Chart area b. Plot area c. Chart title d. Legend 4. What happens to a chart if the source data is deleted? a. Nothing. b. The chart will move to the area where the data was located. c. The data in the chart is deleted. d. You will be asked if you want the chart deleted. 5. What is the first step that should be taken when creating a chart? a. Providing a name for the chart b. Selecting the chart type c. Selecting the range of cells that contain the data the chart will use d. Choosing the data labels that will be used in the chart 6. If you want to print only the chart in a worksheet, what should you do before printing? a. Click the chart to select it and then print. b. Select the Print chart only option in the Page Setup dialog box. c. Move the chart to a new sheet by itself and then print that sheet. d. You cannot print only the chart if it is part of a larger worksheet. 7. To change the location of a legend on a chart, use the Legend command on which Ribbon tab? a. Insert b. Format c. Layout d. Design 8. A column chart represents values as a. Horizontal bars b. Vertical bars c. Horizontal lines d. Vertical lines 9. To move a chart from a worksheet to a chart sheet a. Use the move handles and drag it to the new location. b. Use the Move Chart Location command on the Design tab. c. Cut the chart from the worksheet and paste it to a new workbook sheet. d. You cannot move the chart after it has been created.

36 Creating Charts and PivotTables Which of the following statements is not true? a. You can change both the height and width of a chart with commands on the Format tab. b. You can use the sizing handles to change the height and width of a chart. c. You must delete an existing chart in order to have the data displayed in a different chart type. d. When a chart sheet is created, it no longer appears on the worksheet containing the data series. Competency Assessment Project 10-1: Create a Pie Chart Blue Yonder Airlines has created a workbook to analyze sales for its first four years of operation. The manager wants to create charts that reflect an analysis of the data. GET READY. LAUNCH Excel. The BY Financials file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the BY Financials file for this lesson. 2. On the Income worksheet, select A3:A7. Press Ctrl and select E3:E7. 3. Click the Insert tab. Click Pie and click Pie in 3-D. 4. Click Layout 1 in the Chart Layouts group on the Design tab. 5. Click Move Chart Location. 6. Select New Sheet and click OK. 7. Right-click the Chart1 tab and click Rename. 8. Key 2008 Income Chart and press Enter. 9. SAVE the workbook as BY Financials CLOSE the workbook. LEAVE Excel open for the next project. Project 10-2: Create a Bar Chart Create a bar chart to analyze trends in Fourth Coffee s income before taxes. The Financial History file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the Financial History file for this lesson. 2. Make the Income worksheet active. Select A4:F9 and click the Insert tab. 3. Click Bar in the Charts group, and click 100% Stacked Horizontal Cylinder. 4. Click in the Chart Area and click the Layout tab. 5. Click Legend and click Show Legend at Bottom. 6. Click the Chart Area to display the move handles. Move the chart so that the top-left corner is aligned with B Click the bottom-right sizing handle and increase the size of the chart so that it fills B12:G SAVE the workbook as Financial History LEAVE the workbook open to use in the next project.

37 340 Lesson 10 Proficiency Assessment Project 10-3: Modify a Bar Chart In the previous project, you created a bar chart to analyze trends in Fourth Coffee s income before taxes. Modify the chart by adding additional chart elements. USE the workbook from the previous project. 1. Select the chart area and click Chart Title in the Labels group on the Layout tab. 2. Click More Title Options and click Gradient fill. 3. In the Preset colors box, click Moss (first option in the third row) and click Close. The Chart Title text box is selected. 4. In the Chart Title text box, key Income Before Taxes and press Enter. 5. Click Axis Titles and click Primary Vertical Axis Title. 6. Click Rotated Title. The Axis Title text box is selected. 7. In the Axis Title text box, key in thousands and press Enter. 8. Right-click the Axis Title text box and click Font. 9. Click Font color and click Green. Click OK. 10. SAVE the workbook as Financial History CLOSE the file. LEAVE Excel open for the next project. Project 10-4: Create a Line Chart In this exercise, you will build Line charts to view the results of the data calculations with data markers. GET READY. LAUNCH Excel if it is not already running. The BY Financials file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the BY Financials file for this lesson. 2. On the Annual Sales worksheet, select A3:E7. Click Line on the Insert tab. 3. Click Stacked line with Markers. 4. Apply Layout Click Chart Title and key Blue Yonder Airlines in the formula bar. 6. Click Plot Area and click Format Selection. 7. Click Border Color and click Gradient line. 8. Click Preset Colors and click Daybreak (first row, fourth option from left). 9. Click Direction and click Linear Diagonal. Click Close. 10. Click Chart Area, click Format Selection, and click Solid fill. 11. In the Fill Color area, click Color and click Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 80%. 12. Click Close. 13. SAVE the workbook as BY Financials LEAVE the workbook open for the next project.

38 Creating Charts and PivotTables 341 Mastery Assessment Project 10-5: Create a Doughnut Chart In this exercise, you will apply data results in a doughnut chart. GET READY. LAUNCH Excel if it is not already running. 1. USE the workbook from the previous project. 2. Click the Annual Expenses tab. Select A3:E7 and click Other Charts on the Insert tab. 3. Click Doughnut. 4. Click Layout On the Format tab, click the Size dialog box launcher. Set both height and width to 5 inches. 6. Key Annual Expenses as the chart title. 7. Print the chart only. 8. SAVE the workbook as BY Financials CLOSE the workbook. LEAVE Excel open for the next project. Project 10-6: Fixing the Fitness Classes Worksheet Fourth Coffee s corporate manager wants to change the chart type and some of the formatting in the chart prepared in a previous exercise. GET READY. LAUNCH Excel if it is not already running. The Income Chart file for this lesson is available on the book companion website or in WileyPLUS. 1. OPEN the Income Chart file for this lesson. 2. Select the chart. Click the Design tab. 3. Click Layout On the Layout tab, click Axis Titles, click Primary Horizontal Axis Title, choose Title Below Axis, and then key Percentage of Income below the axis. 5. Click Data Labels and add data labels to the bars. 6. Right-click the chart title and click Font. Click Font color and click Red Accent 2 under Theme Colors. 7. Click Small Caps and click OK. 8. On the Layout tab, in the Current Selection group, click the down arrow next to Chart Title and choose Legend. 9. Click Colored Outline Red Accent 2 on the Format tab. 10. On the Design tab, click Move Chart Location. Click New Sheet and click OK. 11. SAVE the workbook as Income Chart 10-6 and then CLOSE the file. LEAVE Excel open for the next project. INTERNET READY Customized chart styles cannot be saved and applied to other charts. However, you can save a customized chart as a template. Use Excel Help to learn how to save a chart as a template that can be used later. Open your Income Chart 10-6 workbook and save it as a template file to the Lesson 10 folder. Save the workbook as Chart Template. Close Excel.