BOOTSTRAP YOURSELF WITH LINUX-USB STACK: DESIGN, DEVELOP, DEBUG, AND VALIDATE EMBEDDED USB

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1 BOOTSTRAP YOURSELF WITH LINUX-USB STACK: DESIGN, DEVELOP, DEBUG, AND VALIDATE EMBEDDED USB RAJARAM REGUPATHY Course Technology PTR A part of Cengage Learning ; <«COURSE TECHNOLOGY t% CENGAGE Learning- Australia Brazil Japan Korea Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States

2 CONTENTS Introduction xii Chapter 1 USB and Linux: Introduction 1 USB: The Path and the Market 2 USB Hardware 3 USB Market 9 Linux USB 9 Summary 11 Chapter 2 USB: An Overview 13 USB System Architecture 15 USB Host 16 USB Device 18 Communication Flow 19 Endpoints 19 Pipes 20 Enumeration 21 Descriptors 22 USB Transfers 24 Control Transfer 24 Bulk Transfer 24 Interrupt Transfer 25 Isochronous Transfer 25 VI

3 Contents vii Terms to Remember 26 Summary 26 More Reading 27 Chapter 3 Overview of the Linux USB Subsystem 29 Linux USB Host Subsystem 31 USB HCD Driver Menu 32 USB Class Driver Menu 35 Miscellaneous Host Drivers 40 Linux USB Gadget Subsystem 41 Summary 47 More Reading 47 PART I USB HOST 49 Chapter 4 Linux USB Host Driver 51 Overview of a General USB Host Stack Architecture 51 Host Software 52 USB Driver 52 HCD 53 Overview of Linux USB Host Stack Architecture 53 usbcore 53 Linux USB HCD 55 Summary 55 More Reading 55 Chapter 5 USB Device Notification 57 Bootstrap: Notifier Chain 58 Linux USB Notification 60 Writing a Simple USB Notification-Subscriber 65 Summary 69 More Reading 69 Chapter 6 Device File System 71 Bootstrap Essentials: Virtual File System 72 Linux USB Device File System 76 Creating the Linux USB File System 80 Summary 84 More Reading 84

4 viii Contents Chapter 7 Power Management 85 Bootstrap Essentials: Power Management 86 Linux USB Power Management 90 Setting Up Linux-USB Power Management 96 Summary 100 More Reading 100 Chapter 8 Hub 101 Bootstrap Essentials: Linux USB Hub 102 Linux USB Hub Framework 105 Summary 110 More Reading 110 Chapter 9 Generic Driver 111 Bootstrap Essentials: Linux USB Generic Driver 112 Linux USB usbcore-generic Driver Framework 119 Developing a USB Device Driver 124 Summary 127 More Reading 127 Chapter 10 Host Driver for Embedded Controller 129 Bootstrap Linux USB HCD 130 Linux USB HCD 134 Sample Implementation of USB HCD 137 Summary 140 More Reading 140 PART II USB DEVICE 141 Chapter 11 Linux USB Gadget Driver 143 Overview of USB Device Stack Architecture 143 Device Firmware Driver 144 Chapter 9: Driver/USB Device Framework 144 USB Class Driver 144 Overview of Linux USB Gadget Driver Architecture 145 USB Controller Driver 145 Gadget Driver 146 Class Driver 146

5 Contents ix Summary 147 More Reading 147 Chapter 12 Peripheral Device Controller Driver 149 Bootstrap Essentials: Platform Driver 150 Linux USB Peripheral Controller Driver 153 USB Device Controller Driver 155 Summary 159 More Reading 159 Chapter 13 Gadget Driver 161 Bootstrap Essentials: Gadget Driver 162 USB Gadget Data Structure and Methods 162 USB Endpoint Data Structure and Methods 164 Gadget Driver Data Structure and Methods 168 USB Request Data Structure 170 Gadget Driver Utility Functions 170 Gadget Driver: Design 171 gadget register 171 gadget unregister 172 USB Enumeration 173 Power Management 176 OUT Transfer 176 IN Transfer 178 Gadget Driver: Implementation 179 Summary 183 More Reading 183 Chapter 14 Class Driver 185 Bootstrap Essentials: Class Drivers 187 Class Driver: Design 190 Simple Composite Class Driver: Loopback 194 Summary 197 More Reading 197 PART III USB OTG 199 Chapter 15 Linux USB OTG Driver 201 Bootstrap Essentials: OTG Driver 202 OTG Driver Framework 205

6 x Contents OTG Framework: Sample 208 Summary 211 More Reading 211 PART IV MISCELLANEOUS LINUX USB SUBSYSTEMS 213 Chapter 16 USB Virtual File Systems 215 Overview of usbfs 216 usbfs: devices File 217 Application Based on the devices File 220 usbfs: BBB/DDD Files 222 Overview of sysfs 224 Application of sysfs: /sys/bus/usb Files 227 Overview of gadgetfs 229 Application of gadgetfs: /dev/gadget Files 229 Gadget Debug FS 231 Summary 232 More Reading 232 Chapter 17 User Space USB Drivers 233 Overview. USB User Mode Drivers 234 USB User Mode Driver Using libusb 235 Utilities Using libusb 237 A Simple USB Test Application Using libusb 241 USB User Mode Driver Using UIO 243 Bootstrap: Linux UIO 243 UIO-Based USB Controller Driver 246 User Mode Driver Using gadgetfs 249 Summary 252 More Reading 253 Chapter 18 Debugging Using Linux USB 255 USB Monitor: usbmon 256 Bootstrap: USB Monitor 259 USB Monitor Internals 261 How to Use usbmon 266 Debug Using usbfs_snoop 269 Verbose Debugging for Host-Side USB 272 Summary 273 More Reading 274

7 Chapter 19 Test Using Linux USB 275 Linux USB Unit Test Driver 276 Linux USB Functional Test 279 Storage USB Gadget 279 Serial USB Gadget 281 USB Network Gadget 283 HID (Human Interface Devices) USB Gadget 284 Summary 285 More Reading 285 Appendix USB Regression Tool 287 Overview of USB Regression Tool 288 Script Definitions 289 Generic USB Functions 289 Utility Functions 291 Summary 292 Index 293

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